WO2006068060A1 - ガラス物品の製造方法 - Google Patents
ガラス物品の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2006068060A1 WO2006068060A1 PCT/JP2005/023174 JP2005023174W WO2006068060A1 WO 2006068060 A1 WO2006068060 A1 WO 2006068060A1 JP 2005023174 W JP2005023174 W JP 2005023174W WO 2006068060 A1 WO2006068060 A1 WO 2006068060A1
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- cullet
- glass
- producing
- glass article
- article according
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C1/00—Ingredients generally applicable to manufacture of glasses, glazes, or vitreous enamels
- C03C1/002—Use of waste materials, e.g. slags
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C1/00—Ingredients generally applicable to manufacture of glasses, glazes, or vitreous enamels
- C03C1/004—Refining agents
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing a glass article, and more particularly, to a method for producing a glass article with little residual foam.
- silicate glass is widely used as window glass for buildings, automobiles, and the like.
- the first technique is the use of a clarifying agent.
- a fining agent is an additive that, when added to a glass batch, has the effect of obtaining a glass melt with little or no bubbles when the notch is melted. Bubbles are reduced by the refining agent because the gas generated when the raw material melts and becomes vitrified is expelled from the glass melt force, and the process of defoaming and homogenizing the glass melt progresses. The effect is to grow large bubbles and lift or absorb them to remove them. Therefore, it is desirable that the fining agent generates gas in a relatively low temperature range where the vitrification reaction starts and in a relatively high temperature range where defoaming and homogeneity of the glass melt occurs.
- the materials used as a fining agent there are known bow glasses for alkali-containing silicate glasses, and arsenic oxides / acids known for optical glasses, low alkali glasses and non-alkali glasses.
- fluorides and salts that may be used in borosilicate glass, low alkali glass or non-alkali glass.
- the clarifier is selected from As O, Sb 2 O and NaCl.
- the second technique is defoaming of glass melt. This is a method of reducing bubbles by causing bubbles in the glass melt to rise to the liquid surface by buoyancy and rupturing the bubbles at the liquid surface. The faster the bubble rises, the better the defoaming effect.
- the ascent rate is governed by Stokes' law and is proportional to the square of the bubble diameter and inversely proportional to the viscosity of the melt.
- the third technique is reboil suppression.
- Reboiling is a phenomenon in which a clear glass melt is foamed again. This occurs because the solubility of the gas component dissolved in the glass melt changes with changes in temperature and the like.
- the melting furnace is operated so that the solubility of the gas component does not change carelessly, the dissolved amount of the gas component in the glass melt is reduced, and reboil suppression is suppressed in the glass melt. Measures such as adding an agent are taken. For example, in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 06-329421, reboiling is performed when melting high-strength glass mainly composed of SiO 2, AI 2 O, and MgO.
- the conventional techniques for reducing residual foam have the following problems: [0012]
- bow glass known as a fining agent for alkali-containing silicate glass
- glass melt To When the addition amount of the bow glass is increased, the number of bubbles in the glass melt tends to decrease. However, if the amount added is too large, it may induce reboil and conversely increase the residual foam in the manufactured glass article. Therefore, there is an upper limit to the amount of bow glass added.
- the minimum amount of bow glass added to reduce the number of bubbles in the glass melt may exceed the upper limit of the amount of bow glass added to suppress reboiling. In this case, boron glass alone is not sufficient as a clarifying agent.
- arsenic oxide which is well known for the above-mentioned low alkali glass and the like, has been increasingly pointed out that the environmental load is large with the recent increase in environmental awareness.
- the well-known acid and antimony should also consider the environmental impact. Therefore, the use of these fining agents should be avoided as much as possible.
- the method of increasing the melting temperature in order to increase the rising speed of bubbles in the melt has a problem of consuming a large amount of energy such as fuel in order to increase the temperature.
- the furnace material of the melting furnace deteriorates rapidly due to the high temperature, contaminates the glass melt, and the repair cost of the furnace becomes high.
- the manufacturing apparatus disclosed in the above-mentioned Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 02-221129 has a drawback that the apparatus is complicated and expensive, and the operation is expensive.
- the volatile component of the glass melt is volatilized selectively from the surface of the melt and the composition of the glass melt is different from the intended one.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a glass article, which has a small environmental load and can be defoamed and clarified easily at low cost. .
- the present inventors have found that the amount of clarifier is very small compared to the total amount of the batch. I hypothesized that it might be.
- the inventors found that there is more glass melt bubbles when melting a batch that also has only cullet power than when melting a batch that also has glass raw material strength other than cullet, and this is also a clarifying agent. It was noticed that this was particularly noticeable when no was used.
- the present inventors have found that if a clarifier is present in the immediate vicinity of the cullet contained in the notch, the clarifier sufficiently performs the clarification action at the initial stage of melting of the batch. I thought I could do it. Based on this idea, we tried to place the clarifier near the cullet, that is, to preliminarily attach the clarifier to the cullet and melt the batch containing the cullet with the clarifier attached. As a result, it was found that a glass melt with much less bubbles can be obtained compared with the conventional method in which a fining agent is simply added to a batch, and the present invention has been completed.
- the present invention provides a method for producing a glass article that melts a batch for melting including a fining agent adhering lett having a fining agent adhered to the surface.
- a glass article having few defects such as bubbles can be provided easily and with a small environmental load. This is because in the method for producing a glass article of the present invention, it is possible to improve bubble removal during melting simply by melting a melting batch containing a cullet having a fining agent attached to the surface. Therefore, it becomes possible to produce glass articles with high foam quality without using special clarification techniques such as decompression or clarifiers with high environmental impact such as arsenic oxide.
- Examples of the clarifying agent to be attached to the cullet include metal halides in which the cation is a metal ion and the ion is a halide ion, or the metal sulfate in which the ion is a sulfate ion. .
- metal chlorides are preferred.
- Examples of metal ions include alkali metal ions or alkaline earth metal ions.
- the metal salt may be an alkali metal salt or an alkaline earth metal salt. Specific examples include sodium chloride, potassium salt, calcium salt, and magnesium salt. An alkali metal salt is more preferable, and sodium chloride is more preferable.
- the fining agent need not be a pure salt sodium salt substance.
- the cation is one kind of metal ion for which potassium, magnesium, and calcium power are also selected, and the ion is a salt ion or sulfate ion. Up to a total of 25%.
- the melting batch preferably contains 10 to LOO% by mass of the above-described fining agent adhesion lett.
- a batch for melting consists of (a) when the total amount is a fining agent adhesion lett, (b) a fining agent adhering lett, and a normal cullet that is a cullet with no fining agent attached, (c) And (e) when it consists of a fining agent adhesive lett, normal cullet, and normal glass raw material, and a glass raw material other than cullet (hereinafter also referred to as “normal glass raw material”). There are cases of types.
- the melting batch may further include at least one selected from a normal cullet that is a cullet without a fining agent attached thereto and a glass raw material other than the cullet (normally a glass raw material).
- a normal cullet that is a cullet without a fining agent attached thereto
- a glass raw material other than the cullet normally a glass raw material.
- the sum of the normal cullet content and the normal glass raw material content can be 10 to 90% by mass.
- the content of each material with respect to the total amount of the melting batch is as follows. Well, ...
- normal cullet refers to cullet that is a glass particle obtained by crushing and pulverizing a glass composition and no clarifier is attached.
- Normal glass raw materials are those obtained by weighing and mixing industrial raw materials and natural minerals used as raw materials for glass so as to have a necessary composition ratio, and are other than cullet.
- the “batch for melting” is a mixture of the fining agent adhesion let itself, or the fining agent adhesion let, usually glass raw material and Z or ordinary cullet in a required composition ratio. Therefore, it shall be used for the melting process.
- a clarifier adhering forcelet producing step for attaching a clarifier to the surface of the cullet can be performed.
- alkali metal salt aqueous solution means “aqueous solution containing alkali metal chloride”.
- Specific methods of bringing the cullet into contact with the aqueous alkali metal salt solution include a method of immersing the cullet in an aqueous solution of an alkali metal salt solution and an aqueous solution of the alkali metal salt solution and a force plate. The method of mixing with can be shown.
- a step of drying the cullet (drying step) may be performed.
- the cullet may be dried by a method of naturally drying or by a method of introducing the cullet into an appropriate drying furnace. By doing so, alkali metal chloride can be easily deposited (deposited) on the surface of the cullet.
- the glass melt into the aqueous alkali metal salt solution.
- the lett can be brought into contact with the aqueous alkali metal salt solution. That is, the glass melt is solidified in an aqueous alkali metal salt solution.
- the glass produced by quenching the glass melt is immediately crushed into cullet in an aqueous alkali metal salt solution. If the caret is pulled up from the alkali metal salt aqueous solution and dried, or is dried together with the alkali metal chloride aqueous solution, a fining agent adhesive lett can be obtained.
- the step of producing the cullet and the step of bringing the alkali metal chloride aqueous solution and the cullet into contact can be combined into one step.
- problems such as a decrease in productivity or an increase in cost due to an increase in the number of processes that do not require the implementation of a new process for producing a fining agent adhesive forcelet are unlikely to occur.
- the concentration of alkali metal salt contained in the alkali metal chloride aqueous solution used in the fining agent adhesion let preparation step is preferably 0.02 to 26% by mass, and 1 to 5% by mass. % Is more preferable.
- concentration of the alkali metal chloride contained in the alkali metal salt aqueous solution within such a range, the alkali metal salt can be sufficiently adhered to the cullet.
- the alkali metal salt solution is added directly to the cullet and dried, or when the alkali metal salt solution is mixed and dried to the cullet, the alkali metal salt solution (refining agent) contained in the solution is used. ) Will adhere to the surface of the cullet.
- the amount of fining agent to be attached to the cullet can be considered as the amount of chlorine. That is, the melting batch containing the fining agent adhesion lett is 0.01-2. 1% by mass (preferably 0.01-1 mass. / 0 , more preferably 0.01-0.3% by mass. ) Containing chlorine. Even when the production method of the present invention is adopted, if the amount of chlorine adhering to the surface of the cullet is insufficient, the effect of reducing residual bubbles may not be sufficiently obtained. On the other hand, if the amount of chlorine is too large, reboil may be generated. [0033] It is desirable that the chlorine content of the manufactured glass article is 70% or less with respect to the chlorine content of the melting batch.
- a glass article that can suitably employ the production method of the present invention can be a glass article made of a silicate glass composition.
- a silicate glass composition having the following composition in terms of mass% can be exemplified. It should be noted that a component whose lower limit includes zero is an arbitrary component.
- MO 10 MgO + CaO + SrO + BaO
- R O Li O + Na O + K O
- MO 5-30%, but MO MgO + CaO + SrO + BaO + ZnO, other components 0-5%
- sodium chloride is used as a refining agent, but this is not limited, and other alkali metal chlorides, alkali earth metal salts, or mixtures thereof are used. That the same effect can be obtained.
- the glass melt is improved in clarity and a glass article with excellent foam quality is produced. It shows how to do.
- Normal cullet having the composition shown in Table 1 was prepared by the following steps. First, a notch was prepared using ordinary industrial materials and reagents as starting materials. The notch was placed in a platinum crucible and melted in an electric furnace maintained at 1450 ° C. The melted glass was kept in the electric furnace for 2 hours and clarified to some extent. The clarified glass melt was poured into a stainless steel bucket containing brine. At this time, the flow of the glass melt was set to about 1 cm in width, the flow of the glass melt was not interrupted, and the poured glass melt was not set in one place. In this way, the glass melt was rapidly cooled to obtain a syrup cullet broken into pieces having a particle size of about 8 mm or less. The chicken cullet was dried to obtain ordinary cullet.
- the normal cullet obtained in the above-described steps was contacted with a predetermined concentration of sodium chloride aqueous solution and then naturally dried in the atmosphere by the method shown in Examples 1 to L 1 and Comparative Example 1 in Table 2.
- a sodium chloride adhesive lett was obtained. Measure the mass of the obtained salty sodium adhesive lett Thus, the mass increase from 30 g of the original cullet was examined, and the ratio of chlorine contained in the sodium chloride sodium adhesive lett (the chlorine concentration in the melting batch) was estimated.
- Comparative Example 1 in Table 2 is a normal cullet that has not been subjected to the step of contacting with an aqueous sodium chloride solution.
- Example 6 1 0. 26 21 158
- This glass sample was observed with a microscope with a magnification of 100 times, and the number of bubbles remaining in the glass at each part along the longitudinal direction of the sample was counted.
- This number of residual bubbles is the number of bubbles contained within a range of ⁇ 5 ° C centered on a specific temperature during the melting process, that is, within a range of ⁇ 5mm centered on a specific position in the longitudinal direction. It was.
- the number of residual bubbles obtained in this way can be used as an index for comparing clarity between samples prepared under different conditions, and can also be used as a judgment material for actual production.
- the temperature gradient of the glass melt in the boat was not constant but the temperature change was steep on the low temperature side. Specifically, the temperature gradient was about CZmm at 1320-1420 ° C. On the other hand, at temperatures below 1320 ° C, the lowest temperature with a large temperature gradient of 1.5 to 1.6 ° CZmm was 1160 ° C.
- Table 2 shows the relationship between the preparation method of sodium chloride sodium adhesive let, the melting temperature and the number of residual bubbles. 0.01-2. Glass samples prepared using a melting batch containing 1% by mass of chlorine showed good results with a sufficiently small number of residual bubbles. Thus, according to the present example, it is shown that the clarity is improved, and from this result, it is shown that a glass article excellent in foam quality can be produced even in mass production.
- Normal cullet having the composition shown in Table 1 was prepared in the same process as in the first example.
- the normal cullet obtained in the above step was contacted with an aqueous sodium chloride solution by the method shown in Examples 12 to 19 in Table 3 and then dried to obtain a sodium chloride adhesive lett.
- Comparative Example 2 in Table 3 does not carry out the step of contacting with a sodium chloride aqueous solution.
- Normal glass raw materials were prepared using ordinary industrial raw materials and reagents as starting materials so that they were heated to the composition shown in Table 1.
- the melting batch was melted and cooled in the same process as in the first example, and glass samples of Examples 12 to 19 were obtained. Similarly, using a mixture of normal cullet and normal glass raw material, comparison A glass sample of Example 2 was obtained. Each glass sample was evaluated by the same method as in the first example, and the number of residual bubbles was counted.
- Table 3 shows the relationship between the method for preparing the melting batch, the melting temperature, and the number of residual bubbles. Glass samples (Examples 12 to 19) prepared using a melting batch containing 0.01 to 0.3% by mass of chlorine showed good results with a sufficiently small number of residual bubbles. Thus, the present example shows that the clarity is improved, and this result shows that a glass article having excellent foam quality can be produced even during mass production.
- the strength obtained by mixing the sodium salt sodium adhesive lett and the normal glass raw material to obtain a batch for melting is obtained.
- the normal glass raw material or with the normal glass raw material.
- cullet can be used.
- Example 1 Dipped in Example 1 2 3.5 5 0.029 19
- Example 1 5 Immersion in 0.1 S Same as above 0. 100 22
- Example 1 7 Immersion in 0.2 Same as above 0. 121 22
- Example 1 9 3.5 mixed as above 0. 281 25
- the clarity of the glass melt is improved and the foam quality is excellent.
- a method for producing a glass article is shown.
- a melting batch prepared so as to have the composition shown in Table 1 is heated from the raw material inlet provided at one end. Burning heavy oil inside the melting furnace, melting the melting batch, and clarifying. The clarified glass melt is continuously taken out from the glass melt outlet provided at the other end of the melting furnace and formed into a glass article.
- the glass that has been poured into the substrate is poured into a water tank filled with brine and crushed into solid, and then dried to form cullet.
- the cullet is used as part of the melting batch and melted again.
- the glass melt may not be taken out of the melting furnace due to the production plan of the glass article and the convenience of the forming apparatus. I can't stop it. Then, a large amount of glass melt is left over. The excess glass melt is all washed away to make cullet.
- the glass that has been cast is poured into a water tank filled with seawater and crushed.
- a fining agent adhesive lett salt sodium adhering lett
- the non-volatile components of seawater are the main component of about 80% by weight of sodium chloride, and the balance is potassium, magnesium, calcium salt or sulfate.
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Abstract
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Priority Applications (1)
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JP2006548944A JPWO2006068060A1 (ja) | 2004-12-20 | 2005-12-16 | ガラス物品の製造方法 |
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JP2004-367301 | 2004-12-20 | ||
JP2004367301 | 2004-12-20 |
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WO2006068060A1 true WO2006068060A1 (ja) | 2006-06-29 |
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Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2002160938A (ja) * | 2000-09-18 | 2002-06-04 | Nippon Sheet Glass Co Ltd | 紫外線赤外線吸収緑色ガラス |
WO2002100789A2 (de) * | 2001-06-12 | 2002-12-19 | Schott Glas | Verfahren zur herstellung von borosilicatgläsern |
WO2003074434A1 (en) * | 2002-02-28 | 2003-09-12 | Alfred University | Selective glass batching methods for improving melting efficiency and reducing gross segregation of glass batch components |
-
2005
- 2005-12-16 JP JP2006548944A patent/JPWO2006068060A1/ja active Pending
- 2005-12-16 WO PCT/JP2005/023174 patent/WO2006068060A1/ja not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2002160938A (ja) * | 2000-09-18 | 2002-06-04 | Nippon Sheet Glass Co Ltd | 紫外線赤外線吸収緑色ガラス |
WO2002100789A2 (de) * | 2001-06-12 | 2002-12-19 | Schott Glas | Verfahren zur herstellung von borosilicatgläsern |
WO2003074434A1 (en) * | 2002-02-28 | 2003-09-12 | Alfred University | Selective glass batching methods for improving melting efficiency and reducing gross segregation of glass batch components |
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JPWO2006068060A1 (ja) | 2008-06-12 |
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