WO2006061192A1 - Verfahren und vorrichtung zur behandlung von pflanzenschutzmittelhaltigem abwasser - Google Patents
Verfahren und vorrichtung zur behandlung von pflanzenschutzmittelhaltigem abwasser Download PDFInfo
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- WO2006061192A1 WO2006061192A1 PCT/EP2005/013069 EP2005013069W WO2006061192A1 WO 2006061192 A1 WO2006061192 A1 WO 2006061192A1 EP 2005013069 W EP2005013069 W EP 2005013069W WO 2006061192 A1 WO2006061192 A1 WO 2006061192A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
- C02F1/467—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis by electrochemical disinfection; by electrooxydation or by electroreduction
- C02F1/4672—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis by electrochemical disinfection; by electrooxydation or by electroreduction by electrooxydation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/68—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by addition of specified substances, e.g. trace elements, for ameliorating potable water
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
- C02F1/46104—Devices therefor; Their operating or servicing
- C02F1/46109—Electrodes
- C02F2001/46128—Bipolar electrodes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
- C02F2101/306—Pesticides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/34—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from industrial activities not provided for in groups C02F2103/12 - C02F2103/32
- C02F2103/36—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from industrial activities not provided for in groups C02F2103/12 - C02F2103/32 from the manufacture of organic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2201/46—Apparatus for electrochemical processes
- C02F2201/461—Electrolysis apparatus
- C02F2201/46105—Details relating to the electrolytic devices
- C02F2201/4612—Controlling or monitoring
- C02F2201/46125—Electrical variables
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2201/46—Apparatus for electrochemical processes
- C02F2201/461—Electrolysis apparatus
- C02F2201/46105—Details relating to the electrolytic devices
- C02F2201/4618—Supplying or removing reactants or electrolyte
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/02—Temperature
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/40—Liquid flow rate
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/30—Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies
- Y02W10/37—Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies using solar energy
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method and a device for the treatment of pesticide-containing wastewater
- Tank mixes Plant protection products are mostly applied in liquid form in agriculture and horticulture.
- the plant protection products are often referred to as "tank mixes".
- Tank mixes are understood to mean weak breakages of crop protection active ingredients that are applied in the so-called spraying process.
- it is practically impossible Mix the Spntzbruhen for each treated agricultural area in quantity and set in the rule, therefore, the user, so for example, the farmer, therefore, a little more tank mix on to avoid a renewed startup of tank mix including the approach of water
- Remaining amounts of tank mix are typically diluted 1 to 10 or higher with water and applied to the field in a further application run.
- a wastewater containing plant protection products is understood to mean wastewater from agriculture, forestry and agriculture, but also waste water from industrial or industrial production plants containing at least one plant protection active ingredient Formulation of the pesticide active ingredients, the wastewater in question may contain organic cleaning agents and detergents, such as those used for cleaning spray equipment or production plant
- the pesticides typically used today are generally poorly degradable active ingredients.
- the property "poorly degradable” refers specifically to oxidation processes by light and atmospheric oxygen and / or to degradation in clear plants with comparatively short degradation intervals or continuous tents of 1-3 Days This is because modern pesticides have a sustained biological effect and should therefore reach half-lives in soils in so-called pre-emergence crops, in the crop and / or weed plants of typically 10 to about 150 days and in particular 20-60 days.
- the very large area applied to Blattmate ⁇ al be generally light (especially UV light) and oxygen stable
- J Ag ⁇ c Food Chem 2002, 50, 5115-5120 describes a process for photocatalytically oxidizing crop protection agents by means of titanium dioxide.
- An analogous process is described by Herrmann in Catalysis today 53, 1999 , 115-129
- the invention therefore has the technical problem of providing a method for the treatment of pesticide-containing wastewater, with which the poorly degradable crop protection agents are converted to chemically and / or biodegradable readily biodegradable products, so that the treated wastewater then easy and inexpensive, for example in conventional Clear plants, can be disposed of
- the invention accordingly relates to a process for the treatment of a wastewater containing plant protection, wherein the wastewater is passed into an electrochemical cell, at least partially electrochemically oxidized in the electrochemical cell containing plant protection products and the wastewater contained subsequently disposed of with the oxidative degradation products of the plant protection products
- the electrolysis is carried out in conventional electrolysis cells known to those skilled in the art.
- the reaction is preferably carried out continuously with undivided flow cells or batchwise with beaker cells at reaction volumes of 50 to 5000 ml
- bipolar switched capillary gap cells or plate-stack cells in which the electrodes are designed as plates and arranged plane-parallel (see Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, 1999 (electronic release), Sixth Edition, VCH Verlag Weinheim, Volume Electrochemistry, Chapter 3 5 "Special Cell Designs ", as well as Chapter 5, Organic Electrochemistry, Subchapter 5 4 3 2" Cell Design ”)
- As Elektrodenmate ⁇ alien, especially as Anodenmate ⁇ alien, in the electrochemical cell are preferably used materials with which one can achieve a high oxygen overvoltage, for example, noble metals such as platinum or metal oxides such as ruthenium, chromium or lead oxide or mixed oxides of the type RuO x TiO x or per se known dimensionally stable anodes (DSA) or diamond electrodes boron-doped diamond electrodes are particularly preferred in the inventive method, the diamond electrodes advantageously contain boron in a concentration of 20 to 20,000 ppm is advantageous in carrying out the inventive method
- the electrochemical oxidation is preferably carried out at a current density of 1 to 1000 mA / cm 2 , more preferably at a current density of 10 to 100 mA / cm 2
- the electrochemical oxidation can be carried out at temperatures at which the waste water as forderbare liquid is present Preferably, therefore, finds the oxidation at temperatures from -20 to 100 0 C, particularly preferably take place generally at temperatures from 5 to 60 0 C under atmospheric pressure Higher Prints are preferably used when working at higher temperatures to avoid boiling of the liquid or any cosolvents present
- the process according to the invention can be used advantageously not only in single-phase systems in which a comparatively hydrophilic active ingredient is molecularly dissolved, but the process according to the invention can also be used for the oxidation of multiphase waste waters in which the active ingredient is used, for example Particularly in the latter case, the use of boron-doped diamond electrodes achieves particularly high space-time yields and good degradation rates of the crop protection agents in comparison with other electrode materials
- pesticides covers a group of about 1700 individual substances used in agriculture, forestry and horticulture
- Pesticides are used About 270 different substances are in Typically, these active ingredients are formulated in the plant protection products as individual substances or mixtures of active ingredients together with effect substances such as solvents, adhesives, emulsifiers, etc. Accordingly, in the wastewater, which can be treated with the inventive method, a variety of active ingredients - and Effect substances to be present
- the active ingredients for plant protection can be classified according to their most important applications A distinction is made here between herbicides, fungicides, nematicides, acacides, insecticides and agents that regulate plant growth
- Suitable active compounds are known to the person skilled in the art, for example from Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, 5th ed on CD-Rom, Wiley VCH 1997 chapter Fungicides, Insect Control and Weed Control and from Compendium of Pesti ⁇ de common names, http // www hclrss demon co uk / ⁇ ndex html,
- Acylalanines such as benalaxyl, metalaxyl, ofurace, oxadixyl, amine derivatives such as aldimorph, dodme, dodemorph, fenpropimorph, fenpropidin,
- Anilinopyridines such as pynmethanil, mepanipyrim or cyrodinyl
- Antibiotics such as cycloheximide, gneseofulvin, kasugamycin, natamycin, polyoxine and streptomycin, azoles such as bitertanol, bromoconazole, cyproconazole, difenoconazole,
- Dicarboximides such as iprodione, myclozone, procymidone, vinclozohn,
- Dithiocarbamates such as Ferbam, Nabam, Maneb, Mancozeb, Metam, Metiram, Propmeb, Polycarbamate, Thiram, Ziram, Zineb, Heterocyclic compounds such as Anilazme, Benomyl, Boscalid, Carbendazim,
- Phenylpyrroles such as fenpiclonil and fludioxonil
- Unclassified fungicides such as acibenzolar-S-methyl, benthiavalicarb, carpropamide, chlorothalonil, cyflufenamid, cymoxanil, diclomezine, diclocymet,
- Sulphuric acid-denvatives such as captafol, captan, dichlofluanid, folpet, tolylfluanid, cinnamic acid amides and analogs such as dimethomorph, flumetover, flumorp,
- Amide fungicides such as cyclofenamide and (Z) -N- [ ⁇ - (Cyclopropylmethoxy ⁇ m ⁇ no) 2,3-difluoro-6- (difluoromethoxy) benzyl] -2-phenylacetam ⁇ d
- Amides such as allidochlor, benzoylpropyl, bromobutide, chlorthiamide, dimepiperate, dimethenamid, diphenamid, etobenzanide, flampropmethyl, fosamine, isoxaben, metazachlor, monahde, naptalame, pronamide, propanil,
- Aminophosphoric acids such as bilanafos, buminafos, glufosinate-ammonium, glyphosate, sulfosates,
- Aminotiazoles such as amitrole, anilides such as anilofos, mefenacet,
- Aryloxyalkanoic acid such as 2,4-D, 2,4-DB, Clomeprop, dichlorprop, D ⁇ chlorprop-P, D ⁇ chlorprop-P, fenoprop, Fluroxypyr, MCPA, MCPB, mecoprop, mecoprop-P, napropamide, Napro panihde, T ⁇ clopyr , • Benzoic acids such as Chloramben, Dicamba,
- Benzothiadiazinones such as bentazone
- Bleachers such as Clomazone, Diflufenican, Fluorochlondone, Flupoxam, Flu ⁇ done, Pyrazolate, Sulcotnone,
- Carbamates such as carbetamide, chlorobufam, chloropropham, desmedipham, phenmedipham, vernolates, Quinolinic acids such as Quinclorac, Quinmerac,
- Dihydrobenzofurans such as ethofumesates
- Diphohydro-3-one such as flurtamone, dinitroanthine, such as benefin, butrahn, dinitramine, ethalfluralm, fluchloralm,
- Diphenyl ethers such as acifluorfen-sodium, aclonifen, bifenox, chloronitrofen, difenoxuron, ethoxyfen, fluorodifene, fluoroglycofen-ethyl, fomesafen,
- Dipyryls such as cyperquat, difenzoquat-methylsulfate, diquat, paraquat-dichlo ⁇ d,
- Imidazoles such as isocarbamide,
- Imidazolmones such as imazamethapyr, imazapyr, imazaquin, imazethabenz-methyl, imazethapyr, imazapic, imazamox,
- Oxadiazoles such as methazoles, oxadiargyl, oxadiazon,
- Phenols such as bromoxynil, loxynil,
- Phenoxyphenoxypropionic acid esters such as clodinafop, cyhalofop-butyl, diclofopmethyl, fenoxaprop-ethyl, fenoxaprop-p-ethyl, fenthiapropethyl, fluazifop-butyl, fluazifop-p-butyl, haloxyfop-ethoxy-ethyl, haloxyfop-methyl, haloxyfop-p-methyl , Isoxapynfop, propaquizafop, quizalofop-ethyl, quizalofop-p-ethyl, quizalofop-tefuryl,
- Phenylacetic acids such as chlorfenac, phenylpropionic acids such as chlorophenprop-methyl,
- Ppi agents such as benzofenap, flumiclorac-pentyl, flumioxazine, flumipropyne, flupropacil, pyrazoxyfen, sulfentrazone, thidiazimine,
- Phosphorus compounds such as glyphosate, glufosinate, amiprofos, anilofos, benzenshde, bilanafos, butamifos, 2,4-DEP, DMPA, EBEP, fosamine, piperofos, pyrazoles such as nipyraclofen,
- Py ⁇ dazines such as chlo ⁇ dazone, maleic hydrazide, norflurazon, Py ⁇ date,
- Py ⁇ dincarbonsauren such as clopyralid, dithiopyr, picloram, thiazopyr,
- Py ⁇ midylether such as Py ⁇ thiobacsaure, Py ⁇ thiobac-sodium, KIH-2023, KIH-6127,
- Sulfonamides such as flumetsulam, metosulam, tiazazole carboxamides such as tnazofenamide,
- Uracils such as bromacil, lenacil, terbacil,
- Cyclohexenone-type plant protection active substances such as alloxydim, clethodim, cloproxydim, cycloxydim, sethoxydim and tralkoxydimely particularly preferred cyclohexenone-type herbicidal active compounds are tepraloxydim (cf. AGROW, No. 243, 3,195,595, page 21, caloxydim) and 2- (1- [2- ⁇ 4-
- Organophosphates such as acephates, azmphos-methyl, chlorpynfos, chlorfenvinphos, diazinon, dichlorvos, dimethylvinphos, dioxabenzofos,
- Dicrotophos Dimethoate, Disulfone, Ethion, EPN, Fenitrothion, Fenthione, Isoxathione, Malathion, Methamidophos, Methidathione, Methyl Parathion, Mevmphos, Monocrotophos, Oxydemeton-methyl, Paraoxone, Parathion, Phenthoate, Phosalone, Phosmet, Phosphamidone, Phorate, Phoxim, Piammiphos-methyl, profenofos, prothiofos, piammiphos-ethyl, pyraclofos,
- Carbamates such as alanycarb, benfuracarb, bendiocarb, carbaryl, carbofuran, carbosulfan, fenoxycarb, furathiocarb, indoxacarb, methiocarb, methomyl,
- Pyrethroids such as Bifenthin, Cyfluth ⁇ n, Cycloproth ⁇ n, Cypermeth ⁇ n, Deltameth ⁇ n, Esfenvalerate, Ethofenprox, Fenpropath ⁇ n, Fenvalerate, Cyhaloth ⁇ n, Lambda Cyhalothnn, Permeth ⁇ n, Silafluofen, Tau Fluva! ⁇ nate,
- Arthropod growth regulators a) Chitin synthesis inhibitors eg B benzoylureas such as chlorofluorazuron, diflubenzuron, flucycloxuron, flufenoxuron, hexaflumuron, lufenuron, novaluron, teflubenzuron,
- Ecdysone antagonists such as halofenozides, methoxyfenozides, tebufenozides, c) juvenoids such as pyrophyrenes, methoprene, fenoxycarb, d) lipid biosynthesis inhibitors such as spirodiclofen,
- Neonicotinoids such as flonicamid, clothianidin, dinotefuran, imidaclop ⁇ d,
- insecticides such as Abamectm, Acequinocyl, Acetamipnd, Amitraz, Azadirachtm, Bifenazate, Cartap, Chlorfenapyr, Chlordimeform, Cyromazine, Diafenthiuron, Dmetofuran, Diofenolan, Emamectin, Endosulfan, Ethiprole,
- Aka ⁇ zide in particular bromopropylate, spirodiclofen, clofentezine, fenpyroxymate, hexythiazox,
- Growth regulators for example, Ancymidol, azoluron, Chlorflurenol methyl, Flurprimidol, Forchlorfenuron, Indolylbuttersaure, Mefluidid, Naphthylacetamid, Naphthylessigsaure, 2-Naphthyloxyess ⁇ gsaure (esters), paclobutrazole, thidiazuron, Uniconazol, propa, mepiquat, chlormequat, T ⁇ nexapac, Prohexadione and Gibbe ⁇ llinsaure and gibberellins
- the latter include, for example, the gibberellins GA 1 , GA 3 , GA 4 , GA 5 and GA 7 etc and the corresponding exo-16,17-dihydro-benzeneles and the derivatives thereof, for example the esters with C 1 -C 4 -carboxylic acids,
- Bactericides in particular 1, 2-Benz ⁇ soth ⁇ azol-3 (2H) -one (BIT), carbendazim, chlorotoluron, mixtures of 5-chloro-2-methyl-4- ⁇ soth ⁇ azol ⁇ n-3-one with 2-methyl-4 ⁇ soth ⁇ azol ⁇ n-third -on, 2,2-D ⁇ brom-3-n ⁇ tr ⁇ loprop ⁇ onam ⁇ d (DBNPA), Fluometuron, 3-iodo-2-propynylbutylcarbamat (IPBC), isoproturon, 2-n-octyl-4- ⁇ soth ⁇ azol ⁇ n-3-one (OIT), Prometryn, Propiconazole, 2-phenylphenol, thymol, 4-tert-amylphenol, 4-chloro-3- methylphenyl, 4-chloro-2-benzylphenol and 4-chloro-3,5-dimethylphenol, molluscicides such as clonitralid,
- BIT 2-Benz
- Algicides in particular Qumolamine and Qumonamide
- crop protection formulations In addition to the actual active ingredients, crop protection formulations generally contain a number of different adjuvants, solvents and surfactants. These are described below
- Paraffmols for example xylene, Solvesso 100, 150 or 200, and the like, phenols and alkylphenols, for example phenol, hydroquinone, nonylphenol, etc
- Ketones with more than 4 carbon atoms such as cyclohexanone, isophorone, isopherone, acetophenone, acetonaphthone,
- Alcohols with more than 4 carbon atoms such as acetylated lanolm, cetyl alcohol, 1-decanol, 1-heptanol, 1-hexanol, isooctadecanol, isopropyl alcohol, oleyl alcohol benzyl alcohol
- Carboxylic acid esters eg dialkyl adipate, such as 2-ethylhexyl adipate, dialkyl phthalates, such as 2-ethylhexyl phthalate, alkyl acetate (also branched alkyl groups), such as ethyl acetate and ethyl acetoacetate, stearates, such as butyl stearate, glycerol monostearate, citrates, such as acetyltinobutyl citrate, Methyl p-hydroxybenzoate, methyl tetradecanoate, propyl p-hydroxybenzoate, methyl benzoate, lactic acid esters, isopropyl lactate, butyl lactate and 2-ethylhexyl lactate, vegetable oils such as palmol, rapeseed oil, castor oil and derivatives thereof such as oxidized, coconut nut oil, cod liver oil, corn germol, soybean oil
- Peanut oil farberdistelol, sesame seed oil, grapefruitol, basilol, Apnkosenol, gingerol, geranium oil, orange oil, rosmanenol, macadamiaol, onion oil, manda ⁇ nenol, pine sol, sunflower oil, hydrogenated vegetable oils such as hydrogenated palmol, hydrogenated rapeseed oil, hydrogenated soybean oil, animal oils such as pork fat, fish oil,
- Dialkylamides medium to long-chain fatty acids z B Hallcomide and vegetable esters such as rapeseed methyl ester
- the anionic surfactants include, for example, carboxylates, in particular alkali, alkaline earth and ammonium salts of fatty acids, for example potassium stearate, which are also commonly referred to as soaps, acylglutamates, sarcosinates, for example sodium lauroyl sarcosinate, taurates, methylcelluloses, alkylphosphates, in particular mono- and diphosphorusalkyl , Sulfates, in particular alkyl sulfates and
- nonionic surfactants examples include buthionic surfactants
- Fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene esters for example lauryl alcohol polyoxyethylene ether acetate,
- Alkyl polyoxyethylene and polyoxypropylene ethers for example of iso-tri-decyl alcohol and fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether,
- Alkylaryl alcohol polyoxyethylene ethers for example octylphenol-polyoxyethylene ethers, - alkoxylated animal and / or vegetable fats and / or oils, for example
- Glycine esters such as glycerol monostearate
- sorbitol esters such as, for example, sorbitan fatty acid esters (sorbitan monooleate, sorbitan antistearate), polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid esters, alkylpolyglycosides, N-alkylgluconamides, alkylmethylsulfoxides,
- Alkyldimethylphosphine oxides such as, for example, tetradecyldimethylphosphine oxide
- amphoteric surfactants include, for example, sulfobetaines, carboxybetaines and alkyldimethylamine oxides, eg tetradecyldimethylamine oxide
- surfactants which are to be mentioned by way of example here are perfluorosurfactants, silicone surfactants, phospholipids, such as, for example, lecithin or chemically modified lecithins, amino acid surfactants, for example N-lauroylglutamate
- alkyl chains of the surfactants listed above are linear or branched radicals of usually 8 to 20 carbon atoms
- auxiliaries are typically used for suspension concentrates, emulsion concentrates, suspoemulsions, water-dispersible powders or water-dispersible granules. Furthermore, crop protection active ingredients are processed to form so-called oil suspensicon concentrates, which may contain further types of auxiliary agents
- the Ol-Suspens ⁇ onskonzentrate may also contain mineral constituents such as bentonites, talicites or Hekto ⁇ te, which generally improve the physical properties of the formulations in terms of lower serum formation or less sedimentation Furthermore, they can also usually as a result of Viskositatserhohungen chemical processes in the formulations
- these oil suspension concentrates also contain emulsifiers, surfactants and surface-active auxiliaries, such as wetting or dispersing agents, as further constituents of the Formulation Dilution in the tank mix results in 2 or 3 Phase systems Emulsions (if the active substance should be water-soluble) or so-called suspoemulsions
- the pesticides can contain 0 to 60% water.
- the proportion of water depends on the type of formulation selected
- Emulsion Concentrates and Ol-Suspensicon Concentrates Water values of 0 - max 5% usual, preferably generally 0 - 2%, while in O / W, W / O-Suspens ⁇ one ⁇ or suspoemulsions water contents of 20-50% are common
- aqueous formulations may also be used in the aqueous formulations
- Formulation aids d) are also used.
- Suitable formulation auxiliaries are, for example, fillers, solvents, antifoams, bactericides and forest protection agents
- the plant protection products which are usually conditioned as concentrates, are then processed by the user, generally the farmer, in a manner known per se with water to give the finished mushroom.
- the beneficial broths then normally contain from 0.0001 to 10, preferably from 0.001 to 1, and in particular from 0.01 to 0.5% by weight of the crop protection active ingredient and from 0.001 to 50, preferably from 0.01 to 5, and in particular from 0.1 to 0.5% by weight of the mixture described above.
- the application of the active substance can be carried out in per se known manner, especially by spraying about with a mobile spraying machine on the basis of feinstvermaschine ⁇ der the nozzles for this still common devices and work techniques are known in the art
- the active compounds to be oxidized by the process according to the invention are therefore usually present as multiphase systems, the multiphase system according to one embodiment of process a) having a hydrophilic, preferably aqueous phase, b) 0.001-1% by weight, preferably 0 , 01-0.5% by weight of a microdispersed solid phase with active ingredient particles and / or a microemulsified, active substance-containing lipophilic phase, for example an oil phase, c) 0.001-2% by weight, preferably 0.01-0.5% by weight surfactants and / or organic solvents; and d) 0.01-5% by weight, in particular 0.1-1% by weight, of an electrolyte salt
- the proportion of crop protection active ingredient in the heterotrophic and / or the particulate solid phase is in the range of 1-99%, preferably in the range of 5-85%.
- microparticulate active ingredients from suspension concentrate, water-dispersible granules and suspoemulsion formulations are poor water soluble and also surrounded by Hullpolymere, ionic surfactants or surface-active agents that prevent or delay attack of OH Radikalen in an electrochemical oxidation are often polyether systems that are rapidly oxidized This can be used to agglomerate or precipitation reactions of previously solved or microdispersed or emulsified active ingredients
- the good space-time yields and degradation rates of more than 80% of the original COD values found with the inventive method are also surprising for multi-phase wastewater containing plant protection products
- the electrochemical cell is arranged in a circuit and the wastewater containing plant protection products is circulating until the COD value is reduced by at least 80%, preferably by at least 90%, from the initial value before the electrochemical oxidation
- the COD value is the chemical oxygen demand which indicates what quantity (volume-based mass) of oxygen is required for the complete oxidation of all wastewater constituents, with the agricultural wastewater containing pesticides being the organic wastewater Ingredients that have the greatest importance
- the COD value is therefore suitable for the investigation of the pollutant load or the degree of pollution of wastewater represents an important sum parameter in environmental analysis.
- achievable reduction of COD Value by at least 80% can be reliably prevented from the treated wastewater according to the invention, for example, by partial oxidation drug derivatives that could be toxicologically hazardous or otherwise hazardous to the environment
- the process according to the invention is also suitable for the oxidative degradation of crop protection active ingredients which have only a slight dissociation in water, for example a solubility of less than 1 g / l, in particular less than 0.1 g / l
- the wastewater to be treated can be added to increase the conductivity with common in electrochemistry electrolyte salts
- environmentally compatible electrolytic salts as conductive salts, for example tetra (C1 Ammonium, preferably T ⁇ (C1 to C6-alkyl) -methylammon ⁇ umsalze
- acids come as conductive salts in Typical examples are methyltributylammonium methylsulfates (MTBS), methyltriethylammonium methylsulfate, methyltri-
- anionic surfactants which are particularly preferably selected from the group of anionic branched or unbranched C4-C24 alkyl and / or alkyl-aryl sulfates or analogous sulfonates co-solvents commonly used in electrochemistry, such as acetone, propylene carbonate
- solvents which are widely used in electrochemistry preferably solvents from the group of polar protic and polar aprotic solvents, examples of polar aprotic solvents Solvents are nitriles, amides, sulfoxides, carbonates, ethers, ureas, chlorinated hydrocarbons such as CH 3 CN, dimethylformamide (DMF), 1 dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), propylene carbonate and dichloromethane.
- polar protic solvents are alcohols, carboxylic acids and amides such as methanol , Ethanol, propanol, butanol, pentanol and hexanol These may also be partially halogenated, such as 1, 1, 1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropanol organic chemistry generally used inert high-oxidant solvent Examples include dimethyl carbonate, propylene carbonate, tetrahydrofuran, dimethoxyethane, acetonitrile or dimethylformamide
- the wastewater to be treated according to the process of the invention may be, for example, residual amounts of aqueous single- or multi-phase pellets and / or washing and cleaning quantities of pesticides used in the tank mix process, such as those incurred by the user in agricultural production
- the effluents to be treated may also be single- or multi-phase residues from pesticide holdings where, during product development, quality control, but also through the production of defective batches, wastewater containing phytosanitary waste must be disposed of these areas offers the invention
- the present invention also relates to a device for the treatment of a pesticide-containing wastewater, the device having a
- Waste water circuit comprising at least one electrochemical oxidation cell, a Forder worn for the wastewater and a control unit
- a detection unit is arranged, monitored with the progressive degradation of the crop protection agents and the achievement of a limit on undegraded drug can be checked the wastewater, for example, a dye indicator are added, the kinetics of degradation by electrochemical oxidation substantially corresponds to the degradable crop protection agent, so that let the degradation of the pesticide, for example, by an optical detection unit check
- boron-doped diamond electrodes containing boron at a concentration of 20 to 20,000 ppm of boron are preferably used
- BDD cells boron-doped diamond electrodes
- WO 02/088430 A1 describes an optionally modularized electrochemical BDD cell. Disclosure of this document and the specification given there Another prior art is in view of
- Organic dye pigments generally have electron-rich and long-chain mesomeric Pi systems compared to crop protection active ingredients
- oxidation reagents such as peroxides or OH radicals
- Figure 1 is a schematic representation of the inventive device for
- Figure 2 is a schematic representation of the running in the BDD ZeIIe of the inventive device reactions in the electrochemical oxidation of a plant protection agent
- the apparatus 10 for the treatment of pesticide-containing wastewater illustrated in FIG. 1 comprises a waste water circuit 11 which comprises a receiver container 12 cooled by a heat exchanger, a circulating pump 13, and an electrochemical cell 14 (in this case a BDD cell of the "DiaCell Type 104" type).
- the Fa CESEM Silicone Chemetic Electrode Electrode
- a voltage of 40 V at a current strength of 5 A was applied via a power supply 15 Via a line 16, gas can escape from the receiving container 12 A line 17 allows a regular sampling
- the circuit 1 1 additionally had a flow meter 18 and a thermometer 19
- the electrodes used in the cell were BDD electrodes on p-S ⁇ carriers (Siltronix), this material being used as the anode and as the cathode.
- the BDD electrodes were produced by the HF-CVD method (Hot Filament Chemical Vapor Deposition) Are anode and cathode material - as in the present example - the same way one can remodiate superficially anodically adhering coating by phase inversion circuit cathodic Therefore, it may be advantageous to swap the phases between every one to 100 minutes as pure
- cathode metals also come in other materials such as platinum, semi-precious metals or stainless steels in question
- BDD layers Silicon, titanium, niobium, molybdenum, gold, zirconium, tungsten, tantalum, platinum or graphite on which BDD layers are applied in special processes are used as usable electrode carriers or cores or substrates.
- the BDD layers can be applied by means of a CVD process
- Passive supports such as silicon, titanium or niobium are preferred since they form generally water-insoluble oxides to passivation layers
- boron doping in the reactive layer amounts in the range of 0 1 to 10,000 ppm of boron are used.
- 0.1 to 20,000 ppm boron is preferred.
- the boron doping may be distributed homogeneously or inhomogeneously in the axial layer
- Carrier layer thicknesses of reactive material are 0.5-100 .mu.m, preferably 1-10 .mu.m. If appropriate, it may be advantageous to fluorinate the BDD layers after production
- electrolyte salts to the agro-wastewater is 0-1-200 g / l, preferably 0.5-10 g / l of electrolyte
- Preferred electrolytes are ammonium, alkali metal and alkaline earth metal sulfates or sulfonates, phosphates and carbonates or else acidic salts such as hydrogen sulfates.
- the surface-active auxiliaries are monoesters having branched or unbranched alkyl-C1-C24, preferably C4-C12-alcohols.
- C1-C20-alkyl-arylsulfonates such as, for example, the n- or iso-octyl mono-sulfate ester nat ⁇ umsalz, dodecylphenylsulfonates or Zb Nat ⁇ um-alkyl-sulfosuccinates as so-called semi-electrolytes in question
- These organic materials are in the course of the oxidation process
- the oxidizing effect of the organic substances is their ability to improve the availability of the degradable substances on the cell surface as intermediates
- these half-electrolytes or anionic surfactants can improve the overall current-time yield by increasing the conductivity.
- a further effect is given by the fact that active ingredients are better solubilized or microdispersed. Overall, this leads to better space-time yields in the oxidation
- the added adjuvants are also oxidized together with the active ingredients
- the oxidative electrochemical degradation reactions taking place in the BDD cell are illustrated by the reaction equations shown in FIG.
- butisan S was prepared in tap water with 2 g / l sodium sulfate (0.5 g / l metazachlor) and slightly acidified with sulfuric acid (pH 2.1), which at
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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BRPI0518844-0A BRPI0518844A2 (pt) | 2004-12-06 | 2005-12-06 | processo e dispositivo para tratar uma Água de rejeito contendo agente de proteÇço de colheita |
JP2007543803A JP2008525164A (ja) | 2004-12-06 | 2005-12-06 | 農薬含有排水を処理するための方法及び装置 |
EP05813552A EP1824791A1 (de) | 2004-12-06 | 2005-12-06 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur behandlung von pflanzenschutzmittelhaltigem abwasser |
IL183553A IL183553A0 (en) | 2004-12-06 | 2007-05-30 | Method and device for the treatment of waste water containing pesticides |
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DE102004058744.2 | 2004-12-06 | ||
DE102004058744 | 2004-12-06 |
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WO2006061192A1 true WO2006061192A1 (de) | 2006-06-15 |
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PCT/EP2005/013069 WO2006061192A1 (de) | 2004-12-06 | 2005-12-06 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur behandlung von pflanzenschutzmittelhaltigem abwasser |
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JP (1) | JP2008525164A (de) |
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WO (1) | WO2006061192A1 (de) |
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DE102006060365A1 (de) * | 2006-12-15 | 2008-06-19 | Technische Fachhochschule Berlin | Verfahren und Anordnung zum Reduzieren des Phosphatgehalts einer Flüssigkeit |
WO2009050163A2 (de) * | 2007-10-18 | 2009-04-23 | Basf Se | Verfahren zur elektrochemischen abwasserbehandlung mittels diamantelektrode und titandioxid |
JP2009208073A (ja) * | 2008-02-06 | 2009-09-17 | Omega:Kk | 水処理方法及び機構 |
WO2010102774A1 (de) * | 2009-03-09 | 2010-09-16 | Hausgrohe Ag | Verfahren zum abbau von teilfluorierten und perfluorierten tensiden |
DE102009019800A1 (de) * | 2009-05-02 | 2010-11-11 | Hydac Filtertechnik Gmbh | Vorrichtung zum Reinigen von Wasser |
DE102009026453A1 (de) * | 2009-05-25 | 2010-12-09 | Endress + Hauser Conducta Gesellschaft für Mess- und Regeltechnik mbH + Co. KG | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Bestimmung einer Aussage über das Vorkommen von Inhaltsstoffen einer flüssigen Probe mit Sauerstoffbedarf |
WO2010139293A1 (de) * | 2009-05-30 | 2010-12-09 | Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH | Elektrochemische zelle und verfahren zur abtrennung von trägerfreiem 18f- aus einer lösung an einer elektrode |
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CN104030407A (zh) * | 2014-06-05 | 2014-09-10 | 盐城工学院 | 一种电化学预处理甲霜灵农药废水的方法 |
CN104150567A (zh) * | 2014-06-04 | 2014-11-19 | 盐城工学院 | 一种电化学预处理吡虫啉农药废水的方法 |
EP2913306A1 (de) * | 2014-02-27 | 2015-09-02 | Bayer Technology Services GmbH | Verfahren zur Reinigung von Feldspritzgeräten von Pflanzenschutzmittelrückständen |
CN105206316A (zh) * | 2009-07-10 | 2015-12-30 | 通用电气公司 | 电化学相转移装置和方法 |
WO2017194409A1 (fr) * | 2016-05-10 | 2017-11-16 | Waterdiam France | Dispositif de traitement et de distribution d'eau pour une exploitation agricole |
CN109607701A (zh) * | 2019-01-21 | 2019-04-12 | 东北石油大学 | 一种太阳能高温高压电化学降解苯酚的装置及方法 |
WO2019182883A1 (en) * | 2018-03-21 | 2019-09-26 | Innovative Water Care, Llc | Method of removing pesticides from wastewater |
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JP5327856B2 (ja) * | 2009-04-01 | 2013-10-30 | 株式会社オメガ | 水処理方法 |
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US9207204B2 (en) | 2009-05-25 | 2015-12-08 | Endress + Hauser Conducta Gesellschaft für Mess- und Regeltechnik mbH + Co. KG | Method and apparatus for determining information concerning presence of constituents of a liquid sample with oxygen demand |
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CN104030407A (zh) * | 2014-06-05 | 2014-09-10 | 盐城工学院 | 一种电化学预处理甲霜灵农药废水的方法 |
WO2017194409A1 (fr) * | 2016-05-10 | 2017-11-16 | Waterdiam France | Dispositif de traitement et de distribution d'eau pour une exploitation agricole |
FR3051206A1 (fr) * | 2016-05-10 | 2017-11-17 | Waterdiam France | Dispositif de traitement et de distribution d'eau pour une exploitation agricole |
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JP2008525164A (ja) | 2008-07-17 |
IL183553A0 (en) | 2007-09-20 |
BRPI0518844A2 (pt) | 2008-12-09 |
EP1824791A1 (de) | 2007-08-29 |
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