WO2006057134A1 - 燃料電池システム - Google Patents
燃料電池システム Download PDFInfo
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- WO2006057134A1 WO2006057134A1 PCT/JP2005/019770 JP2005019770W WO2006057134A1 WO 2006057134 A1 WO2006057134 A1 WO 2006057134A1 JP 2005019770 W JP2005019770 W JP 2005019770W WO 2006057134 A1 WO2006057134 A1 WO 2006057134A1
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- Prior art keywords
- fuel cell
- cell system
- power generation
- oxidant gas
- fuel
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04119—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying
- H01M8/04126—Humidifying
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M16/00—Structural combinations of different types of electrochemical generators
- H01M16/003—Structural combinations of different types of electrochemical generators of fuel cells with other electrochemical devices, e.g. capacitors, electrolysers
- H01M16/006—Structural combinations of different types of electrochemical generators of fuel cells with other electrochemical devices, e.g. capacitors, electrolysers of fuel cells with rechargeable batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04119—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying
- H01M8/04156—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying with product water removal
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
- H01M8/04231—Purging of the reactants
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
- H01M8/04253—Means for solving freezing problems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0432—Temperature; Ambient temperature
- H01M8/04365—Temperature; Ambient temperature of other components of a fuel cell or fuel cell stacks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04537—Electric variables
- H01M8/04604—Power, energy, capacity or load
- H01M8/04626—Power, energy, capacity or load of auxiliary devices, e.g. batteries, capacitors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04828—Humidity; Water content
- H01M8/04835—Humidity; Water content of fuel cell reactants
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04828—Humidity; Water content
- H01M8/0485—Humidity; Water content of the electrolyte
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04955—Shut-off or shut-down of fuel cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M2008/1095—Fuel cells with polymeric electrolytes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a fuel cell system in which a technique for removing residual moisture in a fuel cell is improved in preparation for the next operation, particularly in a low-temperature environment below freezing after the system is stopped.
- a fuel cell system is a device that directly converts chemical energy contained in fuel into electric energy.
- a fuel gas containing hydrogen is used as an anode (anode electrode).
- an oxidant gas containing oxygen is supplied to the other negative electrode (force sword electrode), and the electrode is used by utilizing the following electrochemical reaction generated on the surface of the electrolyte membrane side of the pair of electrodes.
- the electric energy is taken out from (see JP-A-8-106914).
- the hydrogen of the fuel gas supplied to the anode electrode a method of supplying directly from a hydrogen storage device, a method of supplying a hydrogen-containing gas obtained by reforming a fuel containing hydrogen, and the like are known.
- hydrogen storage devices include high-pressure gas tanks, liquid hydrogen tanks, and hydrogen storage alloy tanks. Natural gas, methanol, gasoline, etc. are conceivable as fuels containing hydrogen.
- air is generally used as the oxidant gas supplied to the power sword electrode.
- the fuel cell when a fuel cell is used as a power source for an automobile or used for stationary use in a cold region, the fuel cell may be exposed to an atmosphere of 0 ° C or lower. Under such circumstances, it is desirable that the fuel cell can be started and the fuel cell can generate electricity normally.
- the reaction gas in which hydrogen gas and air gas circulate in the cells constituting the fuel cell freezes the residual moisture after the previous power generation. There is a problem that the gas flow path is blocked or the residual moisture near the electrode freezes to prevent the diffusion of the reaction gas!
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-208421 proposes a technique for drying a fuel cell by supplying dry air heated to a high temperature to the fuel cell.
- cooling water for cooling a fuel cell during operation is heated when the fuel cell is stopped, and the fuel cell is heated to a predetermined temperature with the heated cooling water and dried. The technology is described.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above, and the object of the present invention is to remove residual moisture while minimizing the increase in power consumption and the increase in size of the configuration.
- the object is to provide a fuel cell system with reduced time.
- a fuel cell system includes a control device, a fuel gas connected to the control device, and supplied via a fuel gas flow path.
- a fuel cell system including a fuel cell that generates electricity by electrochemically reacting with an oxidant gas supplied through an agent gas flow path, when the fuel cell system is instructed to stop, Switching to a power generation condition that increases the amount of moisture taken out inside the fuel cell and continuing the power generation of the fuel cell for a predetermined time, and then stopping the power generation, the oxidant gas flow path of the fuel cell, Alternatively, the oxidant gas flow path and the fuel gas flow path of the fuel cell are purged for a predetermined time.
- the power generation condition is switched from the anode side to the power sword side by switching to the power generation condition for increasing the amount of moisture taken out of the fuel cell. Moisture is moved to the force sword pole side, and the moisture is biased. After that, the power generation is stopped at a predetermined time, and at least the oxidant gas flow path is purged, so that moisture that is biased toward the cathode electrode can be removed at once. Can be shortened.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of a fuel cell system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing operating characteristics of Embodiment 1 (a) of the present invention and a conventional example (b).
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing operating characteristics of Embodiment 2 (a) of the present invention and a conventional example (b).
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing operating characteristics of Embodiment 3 (a) of the present invention and a conventional example (b).
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a configuration of a fuel cell system according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing an operation procedure according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing operating characteristics of the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing operating characteristics of Embodiment 6 of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a configuration of a fuel cell system according to Embodiment 7 of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing operating characteristics of the embodiment 8 (a) of the present invention and a conventional example (b).
- FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a configuration of a fuel cell system according to Embodiment 9 of the present invention.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram showing operating characteristics of Embodiment 9 of the present invention.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram showing operating characteristics of Embodiment 10 of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of a fuel cell system 100 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- the fuel cell system 100 of Embodiment 1 shown in FIG. 1 includes a fuel cell stack 1, a power sword reaction gas supply 2, a humidifier 3, a cooling water circulator 4, a cooling water tank 5, a control device 6, a load 7, and a power supply. Consists of Manager 8.
- the fuel cell stack 1 is formed by stacking a plurality of unit fuel cells, and generates electricity by chemically reacting hydrogen as a fuel gas and air as an oxidant gas. Hydrogen is supplied from the hydrogen tank 13 to the fuel cell stack 1, and air is supplied from the power sword reaction gas supplier 2 to the fuel cell stack 1. The electric power obtained by the power generation of the fuel cell stack 1 is taken out from the fuel cell stack 1 and supplied to the load 7, the secondary battery 10, which will be described later, and auxiliary equipment.
- the force sword reaction gas supply unit 2 is configured by a compressor or the like that compresses and pressurizes air to be the force sword reaction gas and supplies the pressurized air to the fuel cell stack 1.
- the humidifier 3 humidifies the air supplied from the power sword reaction gas supply device 2 to the fuel cell stack 1.
- the cooling water circulator 4 is configured so that the cooling water stored in the cooling water tank 5 is supplied to the fuel cell stack 1 via the cooling water passage 14 connecting the fuel cell stack 1, the cooling water circulator 4 and the cooling water tank 5.
- the pump is configured to circulate and supply heat to the fuel cell stack 1 to remove heat generated by the power generation.
- the load 7 consumes electric power supplied from the fuel cell stack 1, and when the fuel cell system 100 is mounted on a vehicle, the load 7 is configured by, for example, an electric motor.
- the power manager 8 controls the extraction of the electric power obtained by the power generation of the fuel cell stack 1 from the fuel cell stack 1 and controls the connection between the fuel cell stack 1 and the load 7.
- the control device 6 functions as a control center for the operation of the fuel cell system 100, and includes resources such as a CPU, a storage device, and an input / output device necessary for a computer that controls various operations based on a program. For example, it is constituted by a microcomputer or the like.
- the control device 6 reads signals from each sensor (not shown) in the fuel cell system 100, and controls the fuel cell stack 1, the power based on the read various signals and the control logic (program) stored in advance. Sends commands to each component of the fuel cell system 100 including the Sword Reactor 2, Humidifier 3, Cooling Water Circulator 4, Load 7 and Power Manager 8, and includes the removal of residual moisture as described below. Operation of fuel cell system 100 Controls all operations necessary for Z stop.
- the control device 6 controls the humidifier 3 to reduce the air humidification amount, and continues the power generation of the fuel cell stack 1 for a predetermined time Pg. Thereafter, when the predetermined time Pg elapses, the control device 6 controls the power manager 8 to disconnect the load 7 from the fuel cell stack 1.
- the control device 6 stops the power sword reaction gas supply device 2 and stops the air supply to the fuel cell stack 1.
- FIG. 2 (a) and Fig. 2 (b) show the change over time, the amount of water taken out from the fuel cell stack 1, Qm, and the change in the resistance of the electrolyte membrane of the fuel cell stack 1, respectively.
- Fig. 2 (a) and Fig. 2 (b) show the change over time, the amount of water taken out from the fuel cell stack 1, Qm, and the change in the resistance of the electrolyte membrane of the fuel cell stack 1, respectively.
- the degree of drying of the electrolyte membrane necessary for starting below zero can be reached in a relatively short time.
- the fuel cell stack 1 is used as a power source of a vehicle, for example, it is required that the fuel cell system 100 be stopped in a time as short as possible by the driver turning off the ignition key of the vehicle.
- Form 1 technology can contribute to this demand.
- Embodiment 1 after the stop trigger of the fuel cell system 100 is turned on (after the stop command), the amount of moisture taken out from the fuel cell stack 1 that reduces the air humidification amount Qm By switching to a power generation condition that increases the pressure, water is transferred from the anode side to the cathode side (electroosmotic water), and moisture is biased to the force sword side. . After that, when Pg elapses, the load 7 is disconnected and power generation is stopped, and the power sword pole side is purged with Pp for a predetermined time with air, so moisture that is biased toward the force sword pole side can be removed at once. The drying time of the fuel cell stack 1 can be shortened compared to the conventional method.
- Embodiment 2 of the present invention will be described.
- Load and fuel in Embodiment 2 and the conventional example Fig. 3 (a) and Fig. 3 (b) show the changes over time in the temperature of the fuel cell, the amount of water taken out from the fuel cell stack 1 Qm, and the resistance of the electrolyte membrane in the fuel cell stack 1, respectively.
- the feature of the second embodiment is that, compared to the first embodiment, after the stop trigger of the fuel cell system 100 is turned on (after the stop command), instead of reducing the air humidification amount, As a power generation condition to increase the amount of moisture taken out Qm generated in the fuel cell stack 1 from the previous power generation of the fuel cell stack 1, the load 7 was increased and the power generation was continued for Pg for a predetermined time. Others are the same as in the first embodiment. Such control can be implemented by controlling the power manager 8 by the control device 6 shown in FIG.
- the stop trigger of the fuel cell system 100 is turned on (after the stop command)
- power generation is performed for a predetermined time with the load 7 larger than the load 7 immediately before the stop command is issued.
- the amount of heat generated in the catalyst layer can be increased compared to when the load is small.
- the saturated vapor pressure in the vicinity of the catalyst layer increases at the time of purging for Pp for a predetermined time, and more moisture can be removed in a shorter time.
- Embodiment 3 of the present invention will be described.
- the time variation of the load, the air flow rate, the moisture carry-out amount Qm of the fuel cell stack 1, and the resistance of the electrolyte membrane of the fuel cell stack 1 in Embodiment 3 and the conventional example are shown in FIGS. 4 (a) and 4 respectively. (b).
- the feature of the third embodiment is that the fuel cell system 100 is different from the first embodiment.
- the stop trigger is turned on (after the stop command)
- the power generation of the fuel cell stack 1 up to that time is the amount of moisture taken out in the fuel cell stack 1 Qm
- the power generation condition is to increase the air flow rate and continue power generation for Pg for a predetermined time, that is, to reduce the power generation efficiency and perform power generation of the fuel cell stack 1 for a predetermined time Pg. Same as 1.
- This control can be performed by the control device 6 of FIG.
- the relative humidity of the air needs to be equal or lower.
- the air flow rate is increased in the same humidifier 3, it is common to achieve low humidity, so this condition can be easily achieved. Therefore, the water collected on the side of the force sword as in the first embodiment is discharged at once by the purge performed for a predetermined time Pp after the power generation is stopped, so that the degree of drying of the electrolyte membrane required for subzero startup is relatively short. Can be reached.
- the power generation is continued for Pg for a predetermined time under the condition that the utilization rate is lower than that during normal power generation.
- the amount of water taken out Qm increases compared to the normal utilization rate, and it is possible to make the water more biased toward the force sword pole side and more efficiently.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a configuration of a fuel cell system 100 according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
- the fuel cell system 100 of Embodiment 4 shown in FIG. 5 is more fuel-efficient than Embodiment 1 shown in FIG.
- a stack representative temperature monitor 11 for monitoring the representative temperature of the battery stack 1 is provided in the fuel cell stack 1, and based on the monitor temperature T by the stack representative temperature monitor 11, any one of the embodiments 1 to 3 is selected.
- the treatment is performed to remove moisture, and the others are the same as in the first to third embodiments.
- the control procedure of the fourth embodiment will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. In FIG.
- step S60 stop command
- step S61 determines whether or not the monitored stack representative temperature T is equal to or higher than a predetermined temperature T1 (step S61).
- step S63 If T ⁇ T1 as a result of the determination, the process of continuing the power generation of the fuel cell stack 1 of Embodiments 1 to 3 is skipped, and the inside of the fuel cell stack 1 is immediately purged with air. For a predetermined time (step S63). In this way, when the temperature of the fuel cell stack 1 is high (T ⁇ T1), simply purging the inside of the fuel cell stack 1 as in the conventional example, and removing a large amount of water by evaporation in a short time it can.
- the conventional method requires time for purging, so that it is difficult to remove moisture in a short time. Become . Therefore, if the stack representative temperature ⁇ ⁇ 1, the power generation of the fuel cell stack 1 is continued for Pg for a predetermined time by one method of Embodiments 1 to 3, and after the predetermined time Pg, the fuel cell stack Pp purge the inside with air for a specified time. As a result, even when the fuel cell stack 1 is in a low temperature state below the predetermined temperature (T ⁇ T1), the degree of dryness of the electrolyte membrane required for starting below zero can be reached in a relatively short time.
- one of the steps of the first to third embodiments is performed based on the stack representative temperature T, or the shift is also performed. By selecting “No!”, The optimum dry purge can be implemented without wasting energy.
- FIG. Figure 7 shows the change over time in the resistance of the electrolyte membrane of load 7 and fuel cell stack 1.
- the temperature monitored by the stack representative temperature monitor 11 is low! In this case (T ⁇ T1), it is expected that the resistance of the electrolyte membrane does not easily increase even if the power generation of the fuel cell stack 1 is continued by the control method of the first to third embodiments. Therefore, the feature of the fifth embodiment is that the temperature is lower than that of the fourth embodiment as shown in FIG.
- T Tl
- PgL power generation is continued for a long predetermined time until the resistance of the electrolyte membrane of the fuel cell stack 1 rises to a predetermined value.
- the force sword pole side was purged by Pp for a predetermined time to reach the degree of dryness of the electrolyte membrane necessary for starting below zero.
- Temperature rise is low T (T) T1), so resistance rises small.
- Note B in Figure 7 Resistance increases in the second half due to PgL power generation for a long period of time.
- the time Pg for continuing the power generation of the fuel cell stack 1 is controlled based on the stack representative temperature T, so that the fuel cell system is kept at a relatively low temperature (T ⁇ T1).
- T stack representative temperature
- PgL power generation can be performed for a long predetermined time to raise the temperature and remove more water.
- T ⁇ T1 high temperature
- the optimum dry purge can be performed without consuming wasteful energy by generating Pg S for a short predetermined time.
- FIG. Figure 8 shows the change over time in the resistance of the electrolyte membrane of the load and fuel cell stack 1.
- Embodiment 4 the temperature monitored by the stack representative temperature monitor 11 is low! In this case (T ⁇ T1), it is expected that the resistance of the electrolyte membrane does not easily increase even if the power generation of the fuel cell stack 1 is continued by the control method of the first to third embodiments. Therefore, the feature of Embodiment 6 is that, as shown in FIG. 8, when the temperature is low (T1), the time for purging the force sword pole after disconnecting the load 7 from the fuel cell stack 1 Pp Is set to PpL, which is longer than that in Embodiment 4, so as to reach the degree of dryness of the electrolyte membrane necessary for starting below zero.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a configuration of a fuel cell system 100 according to Embodiment 7 of the present invention.
- the fuel cell system 100 of Embodiment 7 shown in FIG. 9 is more powerful than the embodiment 4 shown in FIG.
- a bypass line 12 for bypassing the humidifier 3 with the air exhausted from the reaction gas supply unit 2 is installed in parallel with the humidifier 3, and a three-way valve 9 is installed upstream and downstream of the humidifier 3, and the controller 6
- the valve 9 is switched and controlled, and the air flow path (oxidant gas flow path 16) is selectively set on the humidifier 3 side or bypass line 12 side. .
- the humidifier 3 is controlled to reduce the air humidification amount to continue the power generation of the fuel cell stack 1.
- the three-way valve 9 is switched to the bypass line 12 side, the humidifier 3 is bypassed, and air is supplied to the fuel cell stack. Supply to 1.
- the amount Qm of water taken out from the fuel cell stack 1 is further increased than in the first embodiment, and can be reached more quickly according to the degree of drying of the electrolyte membrane required for starting below zero.
- the stop trigger of the fuel cell system 100 is turned on (stop command), and after generating power by any one of the control methods of the first to third embodiments, the air that bypasses the humidifier 3 is used. Since the force sword pole side is purged, the degree of dryness of the electrolyte membrane required for starting below zero can be reached faster than when purging with air that has passed through the humidifier 3.
- the supplied air is not humidified without passing through the humidifier 3 and dried. Since it becomes air, drying of the electrolyte membrane and the catalyst layer is promoted during the time Pg during which power generation is continued, and the drying time as a whole can be further shortened.
- Figure 8 shows the changes over time in the cooling water circulation rate, fuel cell stack representative temperature T, fuel cell stack 1 moisture removal amount Qm, and fuel cell stack 1 electrolyte membrane resistance in the eighth embodiment and the conventional example. 10 (a) and Fig. 10 (b) Expressed in
- Embodiment 8 is that, in the configuration shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 5, or Fig. 9, when the stop trigger of the fuel cell system 100 is turned on (stop command), the cooling water circulator 4 is stopped. Then stop circulating the cooling water. Thereafter, the power generation of the fuel cell stack 1 is continued for Pg for a predetermined time by the control method of any one of the first to third embodiments.
- the temperature of the fuel cell stack 1 rises and the amount of water taken out Qm increases, and the degree of dryness of the electrolyte membrane necessary for starting below zero is increased. It can be reached quickly.
- the circulation of the cooling water is stopped and the power generation of the fuel cell stack 1 is performed. Since Pg continues for a certain time, the temperature of the fuel cell stack 1 can be raised and the drying time can be shortened.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a configuration of a fuel cell system 100 according to Embodiment 9 of the present invention.
- the fuel cell system 100 of Embodiment 9 shown in FIG. 11 is a fuel cell as compared with Embodiment 7 shown in FIG.
- the secondary battery 10 for storing the electric power obtained by the power generation in the stack 1 is provided, and the others are the same as those in FIG.
- the power generation of the fuel cell stack 1 is stopped, and the power sword reaction gas supply unit 2 is operated using the power charged in the secondary battery 10 by the power generation up to that time.
- Pp purge the power sword pole side of K1 with air for a specified time. This completes drying and burns
- the charge amount SOC of the secondary battery 10 again becomes the predetermined charge amount SOC1, and the charge amount S OC of the secondary battery 10 is insufficient at the next start-up. Problems such as being unable to start can be prevented.
- the power obtained by the power generation that continues for Pg for a predetermined time is the secondary battery 10
- the oxidant gas flow path 16 is purged with air for a predetermined time by using the power stored in
- the battery 10 can always be kept at the specified charge level SOC1, and the power source of the auxiliary machine can always be secured at the next start-up.
- FIG. Fig. 13 shows the changes over time in the load, the amount of charge SOC of the secondary battery 10, and the resistance of the electrolyte membrane of the fuel cell stack 1.
- the feature of the tenth embodiment is that, compared to the ninth embodiment, after the stop trigger of the fuel cell system 100 is turned on (after the stop command), the charge amount SOC of the secondary battery 10 is the load After disconnecting 7, the power required to purge the power sword pole for a specified time Pp and the power required for the power source of the auxiliary machine at the next start of the fuel cell system 100 (predetermined charge SOC1) were combined. It is characterized in that it is applied to the case where the amount of charge SOC2 corresponding to the electric power is reached, and the others are the same as in the case of the ninth embodiment.
- the power required to purge the power sword pole after the load 7 is Pp purged for a specified period of time and the power required for the auxiliary power source at the next start-up (predetermined charge SOC1) are studied and examined on the desk It is assumed that it has been calculated in advance. Further, the charge amount SOC of the secondary battery 10 is controlled by the control device 6. If the charge amount SOC of the secondary battery 10 measured by the control device 6 does not reach the predetermined charge amount SOC1 required for starting, control is performed before the stop trigger of the fuel cell system 100 is turned on (before the stop command). When the device 6 determines, for example, as shown in FIG.
- the load is increased to increase the load of the embodiment 9. More power is stored in the secondary battery 10 than shown in FIG. 12, and the fuel cell system 100 is controlled to reach the predetermined charge amount SOC1 when stopped. Or increase the load Instead, as shown in Fig. 13 (b), the power generation time Pg is increased to increase the amount of electricity stored to increase the charge amount SOC of the secondary battery 10, and when the fuel cell system 100 stops, the fuel cell system 100 reaches the predetermined charge amount SOC1. Control to be.
- the power generation of the fuel cell stack 1 that is performed after the stop trigger of the fuel cell system 100 is turned on (after the stop command) is the rear power sword after the load 7 is disconnected.
- the fuel cell stack 1 including the fuel gas flow path 15 is arranged on the force sword pole side. The same effect can be obtained by purging the anode side with air.
- the power generation is continued from the anode electrode side by switching to the power generation condition for increasing the amount of moisture taken out of the fuel cell and continuing the power generation for a predetermined time. Moisture moves to the pole side and moisture is biased to the force sword pole side. After that, the power generation is stopped for a predetermined time, and at least the oxidant gas flow path is purged for a predetermined time, so that moisture that is biased toward the power sword pole can be removed at a stretch. Can be shortened compared to the conventional case.
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- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CA2588889A CA2588889C (en) | 2004-11-29 | 2005-10-27 | Fuel cell system for decreasing time for removing remaining moisture |
US11/720,272 US8357473B2 (en) | 2004-11-29 | 2005-10-27 | Fuel cell system |
EP05799349A EP1840995B1 (en) | 2004-11-29 | 2005-10-27 | Fuel cell system |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2004343780A JP4887619B2 (ja) | 2004-11-29 | 2004-11-29 | 燃料電池システム |
JP2004-343780 | 2004-11-29 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2006057134A1 true WO2006057134A1 (ja) | 2006-06-01 |
Family
ID=36497876
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2005/019770 WO2006057134A1 (ja) | 2004-11-29 | 2005-10-27 | 燃料電池システム |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US8357473B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1840995B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4887619B2 (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2588889C (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2006057134A1 (ja) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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WO2007066530A1 (ja) * | 2005-12-07 | 2007-06-14 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | 燃料電池システム及び移動体 |
WO2008047526A1 (fr) * | 2006-10-18 | 2008-04-24 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Système de pile à combustible |
EP1978586A1 (en) * | 2007-04-03 | 2008-10-08 | HONDA MOTOR CO., Ltd. | vehicle with fuel cell and power storage means and control of water scavenging process upon shut-down |
Families Citing this family (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JP5332089B2 (ja) * | 2006-08-14 | 2013-11-06 | 日産自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池システム、燃料電池システムの停止方法 |
JP5157163B2 (ja) * | 2006-12-27 | 2013-03-06 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池システム及び燃料電池システム搭載移動体 |
JP5146715B2 (ja) * | 2007-01-26 | 2013-02-20 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池システム |
JP4868239B2 (ja) | 2007-05-10 | 2012-02-01 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池システム |
JP4676553B2 (ja) | 2007-11-22 | 2011-04-27 | パナソニック株式会社 | 燃料電池システム及びその運転方法 |
JP2009212045A (ja) * | 2008-03-06 | 2009-09-17 | Ebara Ballard Corp | 燃料電池システム及び燃料電池の除水方法 |
JP2010015866A (ja) * | 2008-07-04 | 2010-01-21 | Toyota Motor Corp | 燃料電池システム、移動体、および、自動車 |
JP5803445B2 (ja) * | 2011-09-01 | 2015-11-04 | 日産自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池システム |
JPWO2015129277A1 (ja) * | 2014-02-26 | 2017-03-30 | 京セラ株式会社 | 燃料電池システム、燃料電池システムの制御方法及び燃料電池制御装置 |
GB2549350B (en) * | 2016-09-12 | 2018-04-18 | Amaroq Ltd | Two-stroke compression ignition internal combustion engines |
DE102021115094A1 (de) | 2021-06-11 | 2022-12-15 | Audi Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Kraftfahrzeuges mit einer Batterie und mit einer Brennstoffzellenvorrichtung sowie Kraftfahrzeug |
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- 2005-10-27 EP EP05799349A patent/EP1840995B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-10-27 US US11/720,272 patent/US8357473B2/en active Active
- 2005-10-27 CA CA2588889A patent/CA2588889C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2007066530A1 (ja) * | 2005-12-07 | 2007-06-14 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | 燃料電池システム及び移動体 |
US7977002B2 (en) | 2005-12-07 | 2011-07-12 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Fuel cell system and mobile article |
WO2008047526A1 (fr) * | 2006-10-18 | 2008-04-24 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Système de pile à combustible |
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EP1978586A1 (en) * | 2007-04-03 | 2008-10-08 | HONDA MOTOR CO., Ltd. | vehicle with fuel cell and power storage means and control of water scavenging process upon shut-down |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA2588889A1 (en) | 2006-06-01 |
EP1840995A1 (en) | 2007-10-03 |
EP1840995B1 (en) | 2012-06-20 |
JP4887619B2 (ja) | 2012-02-29 |
JP2006156085A (ja) | 2006-06-15 |
US8357473B2 (en) | 2013-01-22 |
US20080020246A1 (en) | 2008-01-24 |
CA2588889C (en) | 2013-01-08 |
EP1840995A4 (en) | 2009-07-22 |
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