WO2006046606A1 - 溶鉄の製造方法およびその製造装置 - Google Patents
溶鉄の製造方法およびその製造装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2006046606A1 WO2006046606A1 PCT/JP2005/019701 JP2005019701W WO2006046606A1 WO 2006046606 A1 WO2006046606 A1 WO 2006046606A1 JP 2005019701 W JP2005019701 W JP 2005019701W WO 2006046606 A1 WO2006046606 A1 WO 2006046606A1
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- iron
- melting furnace
- furnace
- charging
- solid reduced
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
- C21B13/0066—Preliminary conditioning of the solid carbonaceous reductant
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B11/00—Making pig-iron other than in blast furnaces
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
- C21B13/0086—Conditioning, transformation of reduced iron ores
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
- C21B13/10—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes in hearth-type furnaces
- C21B13/105—Rotary hearth-type furnaces
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
- C21B13/14—Multi-stage processes processes carried out in different vessels or furnaces
- C21B13/143—Injection of partially reduced ore into a molten bath
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
- C22B1/24—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating
- C22B1/242—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating with binders
- C22B1/244—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating with binders organic
- C22B1/245—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating with binders organic with carbonaceous material for the production of coked agglomerates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B5/00—General methods of reducing to metals
- C22B5/02—Dry methods smelting of sulfides or formation of mattes
- C22B5/10—Dry methods smelting of sulfides or formation of mattes by solid carbonaceous reducing agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B2100/00—Handling of exhaust gases produced during the manufacture of iron or steel
- C21B2100/40—Gas purification of exhaust gases to be recirculated or used in other metallurgical processes
- C21B2100/44—Removing particles, e.g. by scrubbing, dedusting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B2100/00—Handling of exhaust gases produced during the manufacture of iron or steel
- C21B2100/60—Process control or energy utilisation in the manufacture of iron or steel
- C21B2100/66—Heat exchange
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/10—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions
- Y02P10/134—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions by avoiding CO2, e.g. using hydrogen
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing molten iron and a production apparatus therefor, and more specifically, in the molten iron production process comprising a combination of a moving hearth type reduction furnace and an iron bath type melting furnace, oxidation of iron ore and the like.
- the present invention relates to an improved method by which an iron source can be heated and reduced together with a carbonaceous reducing agent such as coal to efficiently produce molten iron having a high iron content purity.
- the present inventors are in a molten iron production process in which a rotary hearth furnace (moving hearth type reducing furnace) and a melting furnace (iron bath type melting furnace) are connected! / After heating and reducing the compact containing iron oxide and carbonaceous reducing agent in a rotary hearth furnace to solid reduced iron with a metalization rate of 60% or more, this solid reduced iron is sent to the melting furnace, Developed a method for producing molten iron that melts the solid reduced iron to obtain molten iron while controlling the secondary combustion rate in the melting furnace to 40% or less by burning the carbonaceous material supplied as fuel with oxygen did. It was suggested that a part or all of the carbon material supplied as fuel to the melting furnace can be supplied as a floor carbon material on the hearth of the rotary hearth furnace (see Patent Document 1).
- the present applicant supplies a raw material containing an iron oxide-containing substance and a carbonaceous reductant after laying a granular carbon for adjusting the atmosphere on the hearth of a rotary hearth furnace.
- the floor carbonaceous material discharged from the rotary hearth furnace is recycled and used in the rotary hearth furnace.
- Patent Document 2 proposes a method to prevent the carbonaceous material from solidifying in a rice cracker shape.
- the above process does not have a melting furnace, and is a process for producing metallic iron using only a rotary hearth furnace.
- the physical and chemical properties required for flooring charcoal and the recycling conditions Are not directly applicable to the molten iron production process in which the rotary hearth furnace and melting furnace described in Patent Document 1 are connected.
- the present invention provides a more stable process for the moving hearth type reducing furnace and the iron bath type melting furnace in the molten iron production process that combines the moving hearth type reducing furnace and the iron bath type melting furnace.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a molten iron production method and a suitable molten iron production apparatus capable of further reducing the fuel consumption rate.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2004-176170 (Claims, [0039] to [0042])
- Patent Document 2 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2003-213312 (Claims, FIG. 1, etc.)
- the method for producing molten iron according to the present invention is a method for producing molten iron using a molten iron production process comprising a combination of a moving hearth type reducing furnace and an iron bath type melting furnace, comprising the following (1) to ( It is characterized by having the process of 4).
- the hearth is moved in the moving hearth reducing furnace to heat and reduce the carbonaceous material agglomerated material to form solid reduced iron, and the floor charcoal is heated to dry distillation to obtain Reduction process
- the hearth is more reliably protected by using the floor charcoal material, and troubles such as hearth peeling are avoided, so that the continuous operation of the moving hearth type reduction furnace can be continued for a longer period of time. Is possible.
- the devolatilized cheat does not contain volatile components, refractory damage due to combustion of volatile components in the iron bath melting furnace is prevented, and the refractory life of the iron bath melting furnace is extended.
- the use of bedding charcoal prevents reoxidation of solid reduced iron in the moving hearth type reduction furnace, achieving a high metallization rate of, for example, 92% or more, and iron bath melting. Charcoal consumption in the furnace is greatly reduced.
- FIG. 1 is a flow diagram of a molten iron production process showing an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a state near the hearth of a rotary hearth furnace.
- FIG. 3 is a graph showing the relationship between the thickness of the floor covering charcoal and the metallization rate of solid reduced iron.
- FIG. 4 is a graph showing the relationship between carbon content and crushing strength of solid reduced iron.
- FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing one embodiment of a batch charging method according to the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view for explaining the state of gas flow in the iron bath melting furnace according to the present invention, where (a) is a basic structure and (b) is an example in which baffle plates are installed.
- FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view for explaining the state of gas flow in the iron bath melting furnace according to the present invention, (a) is an example in which a guide plate is installed, and (b) is an example in which a guide duct is installed. .
- FIG. 8 is a graph showing the particle size distribution of solid particles.
- FIG. 9 is a graph showing the relationship between the oxygen gas blowing rate and the solid particle dissipation rate.
- FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a molten iron production process showing an embodiment of the present invention.
- This molten iron production process includes a rotary hearth furnace 14 as a moving hearth type reduction furnace and an iron bath type melting furnace 16. Concatenated.
- the iron ore a as the iron oxide source and the coal b as the carbonaceous reducing agent are separately pulverized as necessary to form powders each having a particle size of less than about 1 mm.
- the resulting powdered iron ore A as the powdered iron oxide source and powdered coal B as the powdered carbonaceous reductant are blended at a predetermined ratio, and an appropriate amount of binder and an appropriate amount of water are added as necessary.
- auxiliary raw material I added as an additive in the iron bath type melting furnace 16 may be added here
- the granulator 11 is granulated to a particle size of about 6 to 20mm and the interior of the carbonaceous material Charcoal interior pellets D as agglomerated material. If the volatile content of coal (carbonaceous reductant) b is too high, the carbonaceous material-containing pellet D will explode when heated in the rotary hearth furnace 14, so it is about 30% by mass or less. It is desirable to do.
- This charcoal-containing pellet D is preferably dried with a dryer 13 until the water content is about 1 mass% or less in order to prevent bursting in the rotary hearth furnace 14. (Refer to the claims of JP-A-1-193423).
- coal is charged as a floor covering carbonaceous material E on the hearth 32 of the rotary hearth furnace 14 so as to have a predetermined thickness. Place the carbonized material pellet P on material E to a thickness of 2 layers or less.
- the floor covering carbon material E onto the hearth 32 for example, the floor covering carbon material E from the intermediate hot bar provided on the rotary hearth 14 is used. It is possible to use a means of quantitatively cutting out, supplying to the hearth 32 through a charging pipe, and dispersing this in the width direction of the hearth 32 with a dispersing screw. And, as means (raw material charging means) for placing the charcoal interior pellets D on the floor covering charcoal material E, the above-mentioned floor covering charging means provided on the downstream side in the moving direction of the hearth 32 is described above. A means comprising an intermediate hot bar, a charging pipe, and a dispersion screw having the same configuration as the floor covering charging means can be used (see Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-279611, FIG. 4).
- the thickness of the floor carbonaceous material E charged on the hearth 32 is preferably 1 to: LOmm. If it is less than lmm, the thickness of the floor carbonaceous material E is too thin, making it difficult to reliably cover the entire surface of the hearth 32, and the effect of preventing re-oxidation may be insufficient. On the other hand, if it exceeds 10 mm, the effect of heating the carbon material-containing pellet D from the bottom surface through the surface of the hearth 32 is reduced, and the amount of carbon material charged in the iron bath melting furnace 16 is excessive. This is because there is a high risk that the fuel consumption rate will rise. More preferred U wall carbon material E thickness is 2-5mm "3 ⁇ 4.
- the average particle size of the floor covering carbonaceous material E is preferably 1 to 5 mm. If it is less than lmm, it will be easily scattered when the rotary hearth furnace 14 is charged and when the iron bath melting furnace 16 is charged, so the yield of the carbonaceous material will decrease.
- Prefer thickness of E It becomes difficult to spread the floor covering carbonaceous material E to a uniform thickness and the gap between the carbonaceous particles becomes large, and the carbonaceous internal pellet D fits into the gap, so the carbonaceous internal pellet This is because it becomes difficult to spread D evenly on the floor carbonaceous material E, and the risk of lowering productivity and metalization rate increases. More preferably, the average particle size of the floor covering carbon material D is 2 to 4 mm.
- the floor flow charcoal E's Giesera maximum fluidity MF is preferably logMF ⁇ 2. This is because, when the logMF force ⁇ is exceeded, the degree of soft melting of the carbonaceous particles when heated in the rotary hearth furnace 14 becomes excessive, and deposits are easily formed on the hearth 32. More preferred floor charcoal E Giesera maximum fluidity MF is logMF ⁇ 1.
- the volatile content of the floor covering carbonaceous material E is preferably 10% by mass or more on a dry basis. This is because coal, such as anthracite with low volatile content, has a dense structure, high apparent density, and low volatile content, but it tends to burst and become dusty.
- the volatile matter of the floor carbonaceous material E is preferably 50% by mass or less, more preferably 40% by mass or less on a dry basis.
- the volatile matter in the flooring carbonaceous material E is heated in the rotary hearth furnace 14 to be almost completely devolatilized and can be used as fuel gas in the rotary hearth furnace 14, but if there is too much volatile content, the rotary furnace At the initial stage of reduction in the floor furnace 14, more than the required amount of combustible gas is generated from the flooring charcoal, and the combustible gas that cannot be consumed is discharged while remaining in the exhaust gas of the rotary hearth furnace 14. This is because energy efficiency is reduced.
- the carbonaceous material will become lighter due to the devolatilization of the volatile matter due to heating, and will be scattered when discharged from the rotary hearth furnace 14, reducing the yield of the carbonaceous material. It is to do. Furthermore, it is desirable to dry the floor covering carbonaceous material E before charging it into the rotary hearth furnace 14, but when carbonaceous material with a volatile content of about 50% by mass or more like lignite is dried, it becomes porous. This is because the quality becomes high and it is easy to ignite, making handling difficult.
- the floor covering charcoal having the preferred volatile content does not have to be a single brand, and two or more types of charcoal with different volatile content may be used as appropriate.
- Carbon materials to be mixed include those that have been heat-treated in a separate process, such as coat powder and petroleum coatus. May be used.
- the carbonaceous material-incorporated pellets D and the flooring carbonaceous material E placed in layers on the hearth 32 were heated to an atmospheric temperature of 1 100 to 1450 ° C, more preferably 1250 to 1450 ° C. It passes through the rotary hearth furnace 14 with a residence time of 6 min or more, more preferably 8 min or more.
- the charcoal-containing pellets D are heated in the rotary hearth furnace 14, and the iron oxide in the charcoal-containing pellets D is reduced and metalized by the carbonaceous reducing agent to become solid reduced iron F.
- the solid reduced iron F thus obtained has a metallization rate of 92% or more and a carbon content of preferably 10% by mass or less, more preferably 5% by mass or less.
- the floor carbonaceous material E is heated in the rotary hearth furnace 14 and the volatile components are devolatilized (dry-distilled) to become chi-G. Volatile components that have been devolatilized are combusted in the rotary hearth furnace 14 and are effectively used as fuel.
- a means (heating means) for heating the above-mentioned charcoal-incorporated pellet D and flooring charcoal E for example, a plurality of panners (not shown) installed on the upper side wall of the rotary hearth furnace 14 are used. Can do.
- the carbonaceous material-incorporated pellet D dissolves on the hearth 32 when the reduction is completed, and separation of iron and slag components occurs. Since it is difficult to discharge from the rotary hearth furnace 14 as it is melted, it is cooled and solidified in the rotary hearth furnace 14 to discharge the force. In this case, solid reduced iron F is a mixture of granular iron and solid slag. However, it is not preferable from the viewpoint of productivity and energy efficiency of the entire process to cool and solidify the material melted in the rotary hearth furnace 14 again and melt it again in the iron bath melting furnace 16. .
- the atmospheric temperature during reduction in the rotary hearth furnace 14 is set to 1350 ° C or higher, while improving the productivity in the rotary hearth furnace 14, Before pellet D is melted on the hearth, it is desirable to discharge from rotary hearth furnace 14 and melt in iron bath melting furnace 16.
- FIG. 2 (b) As shown in Fig. 3, the hearth protection carbon P, which is a fine carbonaceous material that prevents the penetration of the melt between the hearth 3 2 and the flooring carbonaceous material E, or for the hearth protection containing the fine carbonaceous material. It is also effective to provide a layer of charcoal P.
- the metalization rate of the solid reduced iron F is 92% or more, and the carbon content is preferably 10% by mass.
- the reason why the content is more preferably 5% by mass or less is as follows.
- a metalization rate of 92% or more can be easily obtained, and depending on the operating conditions, the reoxidation of solid reduced iron F can be suppressed or prevented. % Metallization rates can be achieved. Therefore, the metalization rate of solid reduced iron F was set to 92% or more. The metallization rate of more preferable solid reduced iron F is 94% or more.
- the carbon content is preferably 10% by mass or less, more preferably 5% by mass or less. That is, the higher the carbon content in the solid reduced iron F, the more carbon necessary to metallize the iron oxide (such as FeO) remaining in the solid reduced iron F in the iron bath melting furnace 16. In addition, the remaining carbon amount is used for carburizing the molten iron produced by dissolving the solid reduced iron. From the viewpoint of the carbon material consumption in the iron bath melting furnace 16, the higher the carbon content, preferable. However, as shown in Fig.
- the crushing strength of the solid reduced iron F decreases, and when discharged from the rotary hearth furnace 14 or iron bath melting From the viewpoint of iron yield and carbon yield, the lower the carbon content, the better, since it tends to be pulverized at the time of charging into the furnace and the like, and dust loss increases. Therefore, the upper limit of the carbon content of the solid reduced iron F is within a range in which the crushing strength is not excessively reduced, and the carbon content is as high as possible, preferably 10% by mass or less, more preferably 5% by mass or less. It was.
- the preferred lower limit for the carbon content of solid reduced iron F is that required to metallize iron oxide (such as FeO) remaining in solid reduced iron F when the metalization rate is 92%. About 5% by mass.
- the metalization rate and carbon content of such solid reduced iron F are determined by the mixing ratio of the iron ore (iron oxide source) a and coal (carbonaceous reducing agent) b in the carbonaceous material interior pellet D, the bed It can be obtained by appropriately adjusting the thickness and average particle size of the charcoal material E, the atmospheric temperature of the rotary hearth furnace 14, the residence time of the carbonaceous interior pellet D in the rotary hearth furnace 14, and the like.
- the solid reduced iron F and the chi-g G obtained in this way are taken out of the rotary hearth furnace 14 and remain hot (heated in a high-temperature state) .
- they are iron bath type without substantial cooling.
- the melting furnace charging means that are preferably charged intermittently into the melting furnace 16, the following hotspots and containers can be used.
- the solid reduced iron F and the steel G are taken out together by the discharge screw 101 provided at the outlet of the rotary hearth furnace 14, and the container as a means for containing the reduced iron is obtained.
- the container 102 When the container 102 is full, switch to another empty container 102 ', close the slide gate valve 103 provided at the top of the full container 102, and then flip the container 102 upside down with a reversing machine (not shown) Then, it is transported onto a hopper 106 as a reduced iron holding means provided on the iron bath melting furnace 16 by a transport vehicle 104 and a crane 105.
- the slide gate valve 103 is opened, and the solid reduced iron F and the tire G in the container 102 are transferred to the hopper 106 and temporarily held. At least the container 102 and the hopper 106 are refractory to be charged with the solid reduced iron F and the steel G in the iron bath melting furnace 16 as they are heated (in a heated / high temperature state). Then, the sliding gate valve 107 serving as an intermittent cutting means provided at the lower part of the hopper 106 is opened and closed, and the solid reduced iron F and the tire G are intermittently cut out together (without sieving) and charged. Drop into the iron bath melting furnace 16 using gravity via pipe 1 08 (such as The intermittent charging method is called “batch charging method”, and the continuous charging method that is usually performed is called “continuous charging method”.
- the solid reduced iron F is reoxidized or the chi-G is burned.
- at least the container 102 and the hopper 106 have a structure that can be purged with an inert gas such as nitrogen gas. It should be noted that it is preferable to insert the solid reduced iron F and Chia G without touching the inner wall of the iron bath melting furnace 16.
- additional carbon materials such as H (hereinafter referred to as “subsidiary materials and other charges”) are different from solid reduced iron F and steel I Add to the iron bath melting furnace 16 in the system.
- Solid reduced iron F, Chiaichi G, secondary raw materials, and other charged materials adhere to and accumulate on contact with the inner wall of the iron bath melting furnace 16. It is preferable to insert so as not to contact the inner wall surface.
- the solid reduced iron F and the chi-g G are intermittently cut out and dropped into the iron bath melting furnace 16 in a short time, so that the fine powder such as chi-g G is scattered into the exhaust gas M. And the yield of charcoal in the entire process can be improved.
- the chi-g particle which is easily scattered, falls on this descending gas flow, so it overcomes the gas flow generated by the molten metal and yields in the molten metal that is not scattered. It is because it will be added well.
- the intermittent cutting of solid particles (solid reduced iron F and chain G) (charging into the iron bath type melting furnace 16) is based on the results of Example 2, etc. It is recommended to perform at a frequency of about every 2 to 5 minutes. The reason is as follows. That is, if the charging frequency is increased too much, the solid mass flow rate per unit time will not be sufficiently increased, and the above-mentioned scattering prevention effect will be obtained. Therefore, equipment troubles are likely to occur. On the other hand, if the charging frequency is lowered too much, the above-mentioned scattering prevention effect is saturated, and a large amount of solid reduced iron F and chain G are added at one time. The heat fluctuation in Fig.
- the temperature of the solid reduced iron F and the steel G when charged into the iron bath melting furnace 16 is preferably 500 to: L 100 ° C in view of the following points.
- the effect of solid sensible heat recovery is small at temperatures below 500 ° C. V, on the other hand, when it exceeds 1100 ° C, the heat resistance of the discharge screw becomes a problem, and operational troubles are likely to occur.
- the additional carbon H is added as described above. It may be added to the iron bath melting furnace 16 in addition.
- the average volatile content of all the carbonaceous materials charged in the iron bath melting furnace 16 is preferably 15% by mass or less on a dry basis.
- the volatile content of the additional carbon material H is the weighted average of the volatile content of the additional carbon material H and the volatile content of the chain 1 G (usually approximately 0% by mass). It is desirable to select the coal type so that the average volatile content obtained is 15% by mass or less based on the dry weight. This is because if the average volatile content exceeds 15% by mass, the gas-phase temperature rises excessively due to the combustion of the volatile components in the iron bath melting furnace 16 and the risk of refractory damage increases.
- Oxygen gas J as an oxygen-containing gas is blown into the iron bath melting furnace 16 with a plurality of lances as oxygen blowing means, and the carbonaceous material (Chiichi G, additional carbonaceous material H) is combusted to produce solid reduced iron.
- Molten iron K is obtained by dissolving F and separating slag L.
- the iron bath melting furnace 16 may be a tilting type or a fixed type.
- this melting step it is preferable to perform melting under conditions of a secondary combustion rate of 40% or less. If the secondary combustion rate exceeds 40%, the effect of reducing the consumption of carbonaceous materials is hardly observed when the metallization rate of solid reduced iron F is 92% or more (see, for example, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 in Patent Document 1). In addition, the load on the iron bath type melting furnace 16 is increased, for example, the gas phase temperature of the iron bath type melting furnace 16 is excessively increased and the refractory is likely to be damaged.
- a more preferable range of the secondary combustion rate is 10 to 40% at which the carbon material consumption is sufficiently low, and a more preferable range is 15 to 30% at which the load of the iron bath melting furnace 16 is further reduced.
- the exhaust gas from the iron bath melting furnace 16 (melting furnace exhaust gas) M contains CO and H2 components at high concentrations, so it is cooled and removed by the gas cooling dust removal device 24, and at least a part of it is rotary hearth furnace It is desirable to use it as fuel gas for the rotary hearth furnace 14 after adding to the external fuel N if necessary.
- the use of the floor covering carbonaceous material E protects the hearth 32 more reliably, avoids troubles such as hearth peeling, and makes it possible to achieve a longer term.
- Continuous operation of the rotary hearth furnace 14 becomes possible.
- the volatile matter that has been devolatilized by heating the floor bedding material E in the rotary hearth furnace 14 is effective as a fuel gas for the rotary hearth furnace together with at least part of the exhaust gas from the iron bath melting furnace 16. The fuel consumption of the rotary hearth furnace 14 can be reduced.
- the volatile matter does not contain volatile matter after devolatilization, refractory damage due to combustion of volatile matter in the iron bath melting furnace 16 is prevented, and the refractory life of the iron bath melting furnace 16 is reduced. Extended.
- the use of bedding carbonaceous material E prevents reoxidation of the solid reduced iron F in the rotary hearth furnace 14 and achieves a high metallization rate of 92% or more.
- the consumption of charcoal in 16 can be greatly reduced.
- the metalization rate of solid reduced iron F, the amount of flooring carbonaceous material E used, and the amount of volatiles the total heat of exhaust gas generated from the iron bath melting furnace 16 is adjusted.
- the entire process including reduction and melting can be an energy self-contained process.
- solid reduced iron F and cheer G are intermittently cut out and dropped into the iron bath melting furnace 16 from above in a short time, so that fine powder such as cheer G can be introduced into the exhaust gas M.
- the scattering rate can be reduced and the yield of charcoal can be improved throughout the process.
- step (6) may be provided between the reduction step (step (2) above) and the melting furnace charging step (step (3) above).
- the solid reduced iron F and the steel G are cut out from the hopper 106 together with heat, and pressed with a hot forming machine to form a hot pricket iron (HBI).
- HBI hot pricket iron
- 500 ⁇ : L At a temperature of 100 ° C, put it into the iron bath melting furnace 16 by charging.
- the shape of the molded body is not limited to the shape of a bucket, but may be a plate shape, an irregular lump shape, or the like.
- the strength of the compact is not required unless it returns to fine powder again due to the impact of handling until it is charged into the iron bath melting furnace 16.
- the following steps (7) to (9) may be provided.
- Hot classification process in which solid reduced iron F and steel G are taken together from rotary hearth furnace 14 and then classified into coarse and fine grains.
- the following equipment configuration may be employed. That is, a screen of about 2 to 5 mm is provided at the discharge part of the solid reduced iron F and the chain G of the rotary hearth furnace 14, and the solid reduced iron F and the chain G are sieved while being hot. The upper coarse particles and the fine particles under the sieve are held in separate intermediate hot tubs. Then, the coarse particles are charged from the upper part of the iron bath melting furnace 16 at a temperature of, for example, 500 to L 100 ° C by dropping using gravity. On the other hand, for fine particles, an inert gas such as N2 is used as a carrier gas.
- the following is preferable. That is, it is preferable to reduce the amount of oxygen gas blown (total amount of blown from a plurality of lances) when the solid reduced iron F and the steel G are charged into the iron bath melting furnace 16. As a result, the amount of gas generated from the molten metal is reduced, and the amount of scattered air can be further reduced.
- oxygen is blown from a part (one or more) of the lances installed near the position where the solid reduced iron F and the chain G are loaded.
- the amount may be preferentially reduced or stopped.
- the amount of gas generated by the molten metal near the position where the solid reduced iron F and the chain G are charged is significantly reduced locally, so that the amount of scattered chain G can be further reduced. it can.
- the ceiling portion 111 of the iron bath melting furnace 16 is a solid reduction.
- a baffle plate 114 is provided between the reduced iron inlet 112, which is the charging section for iron F and steel G, and the exhaust gas outlet 113, which is the exhaust gas for the iron bath melting furnace 16 (melting furnace exhaust gas) M. It is preferable to keep it.
- the baffle plate 114 is not provided, as shown in Fig. 6 (a), the chi-G is dissolved in the melting furnace on the gas flow that is short-circuited from the reduced iron inlet 112 to the exhaust gas outlet 113 along the ceiling 111. Easily discharged together with exhaust gas M.
- the baffle plate 114 when the baffle plate 114 is provided, the gas flow from the reduced iron inlet 112 to the ceiling 111 becomes a downward flow by the baffle plate 114 as shown in FIG.
- the chain G carried on the gas flow is likely to reach the surface of the melt by the downward flow, and the dissipation into the melting furnace exhaust gas M is effectively suppressed.
- this melting step it is preferable to perform melting under the condition of a secondary combustion rate of 40% or less.
- a more preferable range of the secondary combustion rate is 10 to 40% at which the carbon consumption is sufficiently low, and a further preferable range is 15 to 30% that makes the load of the iron bath melting furnace 16 lighter.
- the solid reduced iron and the chia are intermittently charged together into the iron bath melting furnace.
- the solid reduced iron with a screen or the like remains hot. It is possible to classify into reduced iron and cheer and separately charge it into an iron bath melting furnace.
- the solid reduced iron may be continuous or intermittent, but the charge is charged intermittently.
- charging with solid reduced iron increases the solid mass flow rate per unit time, and more reliably prevents the scattering of the cheer than charging with the cheer alone. Therefore, it is more preferable.
- a container and a hot tub both equipped with a slide gate valve
- the rotary hearth furnace and the iron bath melting furnace can be installed close to each other, the container is omitted and the solid reduced iron F and It is also possible to insert the chia-G directly into a hotspot equipped with a slide gate valve and intermittently cut the solid reduced iron F and chi-G by opening and closing the slide gate valve!
- the reduction of the amount of oxygen gas blown at the time of charging the solid reduced iron and the steel into the iron bath melting furnace is provided with a plurality of lances in the iron bath melting furnace, all or part of it.
- the amount of oxygen injected from the lance was reduced or stopped, but only one lance was installed in the iron bath melting furnace to reduce the amount of oxygen injected from the lance. It may be.
- a reduction plate is provided.
- Guide means 115 such as a guide plate 115 ′ and a guide duct 115 ′ ′ may be provided at the iron entrance 112. These guiding means 115 secure a downward solid flow in the iron bath melting furnace 16 and make it easy for the cheat G to reach the surface of the molten metal, so that the cheat G is trapped in the gas flow along the ceiling 111. Thus, it can be prevented from being discharged together with the melting furnace exhaust gas M.
- iron ore has been exemplified as the iron oxide source, it may be used in combination with blast furnace dust containing iron oxide, mill scale, etc. Further, it contains non-ferrous metal and its oxide along with acid pig iron. For example, dust slag discharged from the metal refinery equipment can be used.
- coal is exemplified as the carbonaceous reducing agent, the bedding carbon material, and the additional carbon material, coke, oil coatas, charcoal, wood chips, waste plastic, old tires, and the like can also be used.
- the carbon material-incorporated pellets are exemplified as the carbon material-incorporated agglomerates, and an example of granulating with a granulator has been shown. You may make it compress-mold with. In this case, depending on the type of binder, a dried raw material may be used rather than adding moisture during molding. In addition, by increasing the pressure of the pressure molding machine, it is possible to increase the strength of the carbonaceous interior plecket and suppress explosion during heating. Therefore, carbonaceous materials containing 30% by mass or more of volatile matter are also used as interior carbonaceous materials. It can be used. [0066] In addition, although a combination of a charging pipe and a dispersion screw has been illustrated as a means for supplying the floor charcoal to the hearth, it may be dispersed on the hearth by a vibration feeder.
- oxygen gas is exemplified as the oxygen-containing gas, high-temperature air or oxygen-enriched high-temperature air may be used.
- a rotary hearth furnace has been exemplified as the moving hearth type reducing furnace, a linear furnace may be used.
- a power electric energy that shows an example of burning carbonaceous material with an oxygen-containing gas may be used in combination.
- the screen is exemplified as the classification means in the hot classification process, but means such as a means for classifying according to the difference in reach by the particle size by dropping from the slope into the free space, a means for classification in the fluidized bed, or the like is used. You can also.
- Invention Example 1 is an example in which only the chia derived from the flooring charcoal is charged into the iron bath melting furnace without using any additional charcoal, and Invention Example 2 is added to the cheering derived from the flooring charcoal.
- 'Smelting furnace exhaust gas amount 1700 Nm 3 Zh
- the mass ratio of the solid reduced iron and chia constituting the solid particles is about 90:10 to 80:20, and the apparent density is solid reduction.
- Iron is 2 to 3 gZcm 3
- the chia is about 1.
- solid particles are assumed to contain about 4% by mass or more of particles of lmm or less.
- the oxygen gas blowing rate is the same as the acid during normal operation.
- the simulation calculation was performed with the amount of raw gas blown at 100% and gradually decreasing from 100% to 33%.
- Figure 9 shows the calculation results. From the figure, the dissipation rate of solid particles was 41.7% when the oxygen gas injection rate was 100%, but it was 30.3% or less by reducing the oxygen gas injection rate to 80% or less. It can be seen that it is improved by more than 10%.
- the dissipation ratio of solid particles is a value expressed as a ratio (%) of the mass of solid particles dissipated in the melting furnace exhaust gas to the total mass of solid particles charged in the iron bath melting furnace. .
- the method for producing molten iron of the present invention is a method for producing molten iron using a molten iron production process in which a moving hearth type reducing furnace and an iron bath type melting furnace are combined. It is characterized by comprising the steps (1) to (4).
- a melting furnace charging step for charging the solid reduced iron and the chili into the iron bath melting furnace while hot
- the hearth is more reliably protected by using the floor charcoal, and the furnace Troubles such as floor peeling are avoided, and continuous operation of the moving hearth type reduction furnace becomes possible for a longer period.
- volatiles do not contain volatile components after devolatilization, refractory damage due to combustion of volatile components in the iron bath melting furnace is prevented, and the refractory life of the iron bath melting furnace is extended.
- the use of bedding carbon material prevents reoxidation of solid reduced iron in the moving hearth type reduction furnace and achieves a high metallization rate, greatly increasing the consumption of carbon material in the iron bath melting furnace. To decrease. As a result, it is possible to further reduce the fuel consumption rate while further stabilizing the operation of the moving hearth type reduction furnace and the iron bath melting furnace.
- a high metallization rate of 92% or more can be achieved.
- the method of the present invention it is also possible to use at least a part of the exhaust gas of the iron bath melting furnace as the fuel gas of the moving hearth type reducing furnace.
- the volatile matter that has been devolatilized by heating the flooring charcoal in the moving hearth type reducing furnace, together with at least part of the exhaust gas from the iron bath type melting furnace, is moved to the moving hearth type. It can be used effectively as fuel for the reduction furnace and can reduce the fuel consumption of the moving hearth type reduction furnace.
- a hot classification step in which the solid reduced iron and the chia are taken out from the moving hearth type reduction furnace together and then classified into coarse and fine grains while still hot.
- Coarse grain charging step of charging the coarse grains into the iron bath melting furnace by gravity (9) A fine particle induction process in which the fine particles are charged into the iron bath melting furnace by an injection.
- the fine powder is trapped in the molten iron and Z or molten slag, so that the fine powder is prevented from being scattered at the time of charging into the iron bath melting furnace. Because the amount of dust in the exhaust gas can be greatly reduced, the iron yield and carbon yield can be greatly improved.
- the solid reduced iron and the chew may be charged into the iron bath type melting furnace while being heated. Is possible. By doing so, it is possible to reduce the proportion of fine powder, such as chia, scattered in the exhaust gas, and to improve the yield of carbonaceous materials throughout the process.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Iron (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (7)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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MX2007005031A MX2007005031A (es) | 2004-10-29 | 2005-10-26 | Metodo y aparato para producir hierro fundido. |
RU2007119767/02A RU2007119767A (ru) | 2004-10-29 | 2005-10-26 | Способ и устройство для получения расплавленного железа |
US11/666,830 US20070295165A1 (en) | 2004-10-29 | 2005-10-26 | Process for Producing Molten Iron and Apparatus Therefor |
AU2005297906A AU2005297906A1 (en) | 2004-10-29 | 2005-10-26 | Process for producing molten iron and apparatus therefor |
CA002584600A CA2584600A1 (en) | 2004-10-29 | 2005-10-26 | Method and apparatus for producing molten iron |
EP05805211A EP1808498A4 (en) | 2004-10-29 | 2005-10-26 | PROCESS FOR PRODUCING MOLTEN IRON AND APPARATUS THEREFOR |
BRPI0517252-7A BRPI0517252A (pt) | 2004-10-29 | 2005-10-26 | processo e dispositivos de produção de ferro fundido |
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JP2004316532 | 2004-10-29 | ||
JP2004-316532 | 2004-10-29 | ||
JP2005-042716 | 2005-02-18 | ||
JP2005042716 | 2005-02-18 |
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WO2006046606A1 true WO2006046606A1 (ja) | 2006-05-04 |
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PCT/JP2005/019701 WO2006046606A1 (ja) | 2004-10-29 | 2005-10-26 | 溶鉄の製造方法およびその製造装置 |
Country Status (10)
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US (1) | US20070295165A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1808498A4 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR20070058675A (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2005297906A1 (ja) |
BR (1) | BRPI0517252A (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2584600A1 (ja) |
MX (1) | MX2007005031A (ja) |
RU (1) | RU2007119767A (ja) |
TW (1) | TW200613566A (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2006046606A1 (ja) |
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WO2009119843A1 (ja) * | 2008-03-28 | 2009-10-01 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | 溶鉄製造用原料投入装置および溶鉄製造用原料投入方法 |
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US10265778B2 (en) | 2017-01-16 | 2019-04-23 | Black & Decker Inc. | Accessories for oscillating power tools |
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TWI781626B (zh) * | 2021-05-18 | 2022-10-21 | 中國鋼鐵股份有限公司 | 高爐鐵水溫度預測方法與系統 |
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- 2005-10-17 TW TW094136216A patent/TW200613566A/zh unknown
- 2005-10-26 EP EP05805211A patent/EP1808498A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2005-10-26 MX MX2007005031A patent/MX2007005031A/es unknown
- 2005-10-26 AU AU2005297906A patent/AU2005297906A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2005-10-26 WO PCT/JP2005/019701 patent/WO2006046606A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2005-10-26 US US11/666,830 patent/US20070295165A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2005-10-26 KR KR1020077009643A patent/KR20070058675A/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2005-10-26 BR BRPI0517252-7A patent/BRPI0517252A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2005-10-26 CA CA002584600A patent/CA2584600A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2005-10-26 RU RU2007119767/02A patent/RU2007119767A/ru not_active Application Discontinuation
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WO2007122928A1 (ja) * | 2006-04-25 | 2007-11-01 | Kabushiki Kaisha Kobe Seiko Sho | 溶鉄製造方法および溶鉄製造装置 |
US7993430B2 (en) | 2006-04-25 | 2011-08-09 | Kobe Steel, Ltd. | Process for producing molten iron and apparatus for producing molten iron |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
BRPI0517252A (pt) | 2008-10-07 |
RU2007119767A (ru) | 2008-12-10 |
EP1808498A1 (en) | 2007-07-18 |
CA2584600A1 (en) | 2006-05-04 |
US20070295165A1 (en) | 2007-12-27 |
TW200613566A (en) | 2006-05-01 |
MX2007005031A (es) | 2007-06-19 |
AU2005297906A1 (en) | 2006-05-04 |
EP1808498A4 (en) | 2008-10-15 |
KR20070058675A (ko) | 2007-06-08 |
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