WO2006035492A1 - 通信装置 - Google Patents
通信装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2006035492A1 WO2006035492A1 PCT/JP2004/014112 JP2004014112W WO2006035492A1 WO 2006035492 A1 WO2006035492 A1 WO 2006035492A1 JP 2004014112 W JP2004014112 W JP 2004014112W WO 2006035492 A1 WO2006035492 A1 WO 2006035492A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- conductor
- communication
- token
- communication element
- signal
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B13/00—Transmission systems characterised by the medium used for transmission, not provided for in groups H04B3/00 - H04B11/00
Definitions
- the present invention is a sheet-like communication device in which a plurality of communication elements are embedded, and the plurality of communication elements communicate with communication elements in the vicinity thereof to form a network.
- the present invention relates to a communication device that transmits information.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2004-007448
- each communication element is arranged at the apex of a lattice-like, triangular, or honeycomb-like figure on the surface of the sheet-like body.
- Each communication element communicates only with other communication elements arranged in the vicinity by utilizing the fact that the potential change generated by the communication element is strong in the vicinity and attenuated and propagated far away.
- the present invention provides a sheet-like communication device in which a plurality of communication elements are embedded, It is an object of the present invention to provide a communication device that communicates information by communicating with a communication element in the vicinity of a number of communication elements to form a network.
- a communication device includes a plurality of conductor portions and a plurality of communication element portions, and is configured as follows.
- the plurality of conductor portions are arranged on a predetermined surface.
- the plurality of communication element units connect adjacent ones of the plurality of conductor units, receive a signal due to a change in potential of the connected conductor units, and detect the potential of the connected conductor units. Change the to send a signal.
- a token circulates between communication element parts connected to the conductor part, and if there is a signal to be transmitted only by the communication element part having the token, the conductor A signal is transmitted by changing the potential of the unit.
- a communication element portion connected to the conductor portion is assigned an identification code that does not overlap with each other, and The identification code of the circulating communication element part is designated and output to the conductor part, and the communication element part connected to the conductor part has the identification code designated for the last detected token of the conductor part force,
- the waiting time is obtained from its own identification code, and after the waiting time has elapsed, if there is a signal to be transmitted, the potential of the conductor is changed and the signal is transmitted, and then the circuit travels to the conductor. It can be configured to output tokens.
- a communication element portion connected to the conductor portion is assigned an identification code that does not overlap with each other, and is connected to the conductor portion. Any one of the element units outputs a token designated to circulate the identification code of the communication element unit at a predetermined time to the conductor unit and is connected to the conductor unit. If the identification code assigned to the last detected token is its own identification code, if there is a signal to be transmitted, The signal can be transmitted by changing the potential of the unit.
- a sheet-like communication device in which a plurality of communication elements are embedded, and the plurality of communication elements communicate with communication elements in the vicinity thereof to form a network. Can be provided.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a schematic configuration of a communication apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a schematic configuration of a communication apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing a schematic configuration of the inductor element according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing a schematic configuration of a communication element in the present embodiment.
- FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram showing a schematic configuration of a transmission circuit of a communication element in the present embodiment.
- FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram showing a schematic configuration of a receiving circuit of a communication element in the present embodiment.
- FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram showing a state of a communication network in the present embodiment.
- FIGS. 1 and 2 are schematic views showing a schematic configuration of a communication apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 is a plan view and
- FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view.
- a description will be given with reference to FIG.
- the communication device 101 is based on a sheet-like insulator 102, and a plurality of conductor sites 103 are pasted on one side, and a sheet-like shape having substantially the same shape as the insulator 102 on the other side. Conductor 104 is attached. As a result, the sheet-like conductor 104 is insulated from the insulator 10.
- the region facing the conductor site 103 across 2 is to be covered.
- each conductor site 103 and sheet-like conductor 104 form a kind of capacitor.
- the sheet-like conductor 104 functions as a ground (earth, reference potential).
- a linear or mesh-like conductor can be used, for example, an automobile body can be used.
- a wire-like or mesh-like conductor may be used in addition to a foil-like plate-like conductor.
- each conductor site 103 has a substantially square shape and is arranged in a grid shape at equal intervals.
- the conductor sites 103 are connected in parallel by the communication element 105 and the inductance element 106.
- Each communication element 105 is also connected to a sheet-like conductor 104.
- the communication element 105 and the inductance element 106 are collectively referred to as a communication element unit 109.
- the communication element 105 and the inductance element 106 may be integrally formed in the same integrated circuit.
- a communication element 105 can be reached from any communication element 105 via another communication element 105 and the conductor site 103.
- the two conductor sites 103 to which each communication element 105 is connected are to maintain a certain potential in a state where communication is not performed.
- Each communication element 105 uses the potential difference between the conductor site 103 and the sheet-like conductor 104 as an operating power source.
- the resistance of the inductance element 106 is sufficiently small in direct current, power can be constantly supplied to the communication element.
- Each communication element 105 generates a signal by changing the potential with respect to the sheet-like conductor 104 of each of the two conductor sites 103 connected thereto.
- Each conductor site 103 and the sheet-like conductor 104 are good conductors facing each other with the insulator 102 interposed therebetween, and thus form a so-called capacitor.
- C be the capacitance of this capacitor.
- C the capacitance between the conductor site 103 and the sheet-like conductor 104.
- the conductor site 103 is sandwiched between two sheet-like conductors 104 from above and below with the insulator 102 interposed therebetween, and both of them are set to the ground potential, and electromagnetic shielding is more completely performed. It is also good. In that case, the two layers of sheet conductor and conductor site 10
- an inductance element 106 connects the two conductor sites 103 connected to each communication element. Let the coupling inductance of the inductance element 106 be.
- the communication frequency band used for communication is ⁇ / (2 ⁇ ).
- the conductor Other communication elements 105 connected to the site 103 can sense this AC signal, but the AC signal hardly propagates to other conductor sites 103 adjacent to the conductor site 103.
- a communication element 105 connected to one conductor site 103 can transmit a signal only to another communication element 105 connected to the same conductor site 103. Make up.
- the communication device 101 is configured in the form of a sheet as described above, and therefore, the outside of the conductor site 103 and the sheet-like conductor 104 and the whole are covered with an insulator (not shown). It can be handled like cloth or paper. Therefore, some degree of bending is possible. Therefore, it can be incorporated into various electrical appliances, etc., and can be affixed to the floor, wall, or ceiling of a house, or incorporated into clothing. [0036]
- the conductor site 103 for example, a linear shape (electric wire or the like) made of a good conductor can be adopted. This is because there is no change in the point of forming the capacitor as described above.
- 5 By receiving this observation value and relaying it to another communication element 105, 5 can propagate various observation values.
- FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing a schematic configuration of the inductance element 106.
- the inductance element 106 is configured by a single inductor (coil) 201 as shown in this figure (a), or includes an inductor 201 and a resistor 202 as shown in this figure (b). It is configured by connecting in parallel.
- a connector unit 110 for connecting the communication apparatus 101 to various external devices is also arranged.
- FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing a schematic shape of the connector part 110.
- 4 (a) is an external view of a part of the connector part 110
- FIG. 4 (b) is a cross-sectional view of a part of the connector part 110.
- FIG. 4 (a) is an external view of a part of the connector part 110
- FIG. 4 (b) is a cross-sectional view of a part of the connector part 110.
- the connector portion 110 is provided with a hole so as to bend from the lower surface of the sheet-like conductor 104 upward to the conductor site 103, and this is a protrusion. For example, it is shaped like a hole drilled in a metal plate with a cone.
- the electrode 401 of the external device 400 has a cap shape that covers this curvature, and is directly connected to the conductor site 103.
- the electrode 402 on the external device side is directly connected to the inside of the protrusion of the sheet-like conductor 104.
- the contact point between the electrode 401 and the electrode 402 is such that the inner and outer force conductors 103 and the sheet-like conductor 104 are sandwiched by a panel, thereby ensuring connection.
- a communication element unit 109 is connected to the conductor site 103 of the connector unit 110, and communication can be performed with another communication element unit 109 via the adjacent conductor site 103.
- the size of the connector portion 110 is not necessarily the same as that of the conductor site 103, and a connector provided with a large number of such protrusions may be used.
- a signal is received by connecting a communication terminal of an external device in parallel to both terminals of the communication element 105 and intercepting the signal. For transmission, when external devices are connected in parallel, the communication element 105 is notified to that effect using various commands, and the signal output of the communication element 105 is stopped, and the same situation as in (1) above.
- connection between the communication element 105 and the communication device 101 and the external device may be made by physical contact using various connectors, or the external device is covered with an insulator.
- the electrode may be provided by capacitively coupling the conductor site 103 and the electrode by providing a pole and making this face the conductor site 103.
- an optical sensor or a light emitter is prepared for the communication element 105, optical coupling can be performed and various optical processes can be performed. Further, if an actuator or the like is prepared for the communication element 105, the communication device 101 can be used as various power sources.
- FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing a schematic configuration of the communication element in the present embodiment. Hereinafter, description will be given with reference to this figure.
- the communication element 105 includes a terminal 501 connected to one conductor site 103.
- a terminal 502 connected to the other conductor site 103, a resistor 503, a diode 504, a capacitor 505, a transmission circuit 506, a reception circuit 507, a control circuit 508, and a terminal 509 connected to the ground layer.
- the capacitor 505 is charged via a resistor 503 and a diode 504.
- the diode 504 enters a state where a current flows when the power supply potential VDD in the communication element 105 falls below the inter-terminal voltage OUT, and is charged quickly. As long as it is OUT and VDD, the diode 504 is in a high impedance state, so that transmission of the signal by the transmission circuit 506 is not hindered. Operating power is supplied from the capacitor 505 to the transmission circuit 506, the reception circuit 507, and the control circuit 508.
- control circuit 508 various information processing devices such as a more general logic circuit and a small computer can be adopted.
- the control circuit 508 controls the reception circuit 507 and the transmission circuit 506 to communicate with the adjacent communication element 105 to form a network.
- the technique disclosed in the above [Patent Document 1] can be applied, and the technique described later can be adopted.
- FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram showing a schematic configuration of the transmission circuit of the communication element in the present embodiment.
- the transmission circuit 506 includes a pMOS transistor 601, a diode 602, and nM.
- An OS transistor 603 is provided.
- Control by the control circuit 508 is performed by changing the gate voltages of the pMOS transistor 601 and the nMOS transistor 603.
- the signal is transmitted by changing the potential.
- a diode 602 sandwiched between the nMOS transistor 603 and the pMOS transistor 601 is inserted in order to adjust the amplitude of the output voltage. If the two are short-circuited without providing the diode 602, the H level of OUTn becomes the power supply potential and the L level becomes the ground potential in the chip. However, if the diode 602 is inserted, its forward voltage drop Therefore, the L level potential becomes higher and power consumption can be saved.
- FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram showing a schematic configuration of the receiving circuit of the communication element in the present embodiment.
- a description will be given with reference to FIG.
- the receiving circuit 507 includes a resistor (rl) 701, a resistor (r2) 702, and a comparator 703.
- the threshold value of whether the change in the received potential is H or L is set by the voltage division ratio of the resistor 701 and the resistor 702.
- the input impedance of the comparator 703 is made sufficiently larger than the impedance l / (C co) due to the capacitance between the conductor site 103 and the sheet-like conductor 104. As a result, even if the receiving circuit 507 is present, the signal voltage can be set so as not to change.
- any communication protocol can be adopted in addition to the following description.
- a certain conductor site 103 and a communication element unit 109 connected thereto constitute a kind of local area network, and each communication element unit 109 functions as a bridge or a firewall connecting the local area networks.
- Existing communication technology can be applied.
- a communication device (corresponding to the communication element unit 109) that is not limited to the above communication devices is connected to two buses (each corresponding to the conductor site 103) to form a communication network as a whole.
- the present invention can also be applied to cases, and such embodiments are also included in the scope of the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing a schematic configuration of the communication network of the present embodiment.
- Figure 8 (a) shows one unit of the communication network.
- Figure 8 (b) shows the overall communication network.
- a description will be given with reference to FIG.
- One unit 800 of the communication network is arranged in a two-dimensional manner to form a communication network.
- This one unit 800 includes a nose 801 and one or more communication devices 802. Where bus 80
- the communication device 802 corresponds to the communication element 109 and the sensor element 107 having the above configuration.
- Each communication device 802 connected to one bus 801 is given a unique number as an in-bus ID (iDentifier).
- the numbers 1 to 4 are given.
- token control is performed in this embodiment. That is, each communication device 802 cannot spontaneously transmit a signal. A signal can be output only if it has only one token in the same bus 801.
- Signals are output in packet units, and packets and tokens output to a certain bus 801 can be detected by all the communication devices 802 connected to the bus 801. Therefore, the communication device 802 looks at the destination of the detected packet or the like and determines whether or not to receive it. [0077] Note that packets and tokens are output in units of a predetermined time T. As a result, the communication device 802 in a certain bus 801 communicates with a kind of synchronization.
- Data representing a token uses a code that is distinguished from data to be transmitted (normal data).
- a token control method As a token control method,
- the token passive method is a method in which one token is regularly circulated in a fixed direction between communication devices 802 within the same bus 801.
- the token includes the ID of the communication device that should receive the token as the destination.
- the communication device 802 When the communication device 802 receives the token addressed to itself, it performs the following processing.
- the direction of movement of the token should be cyclic according to rules that have been determined.
- bus ID it should be as follows: ⁇ ⁇ 1 ⁇ 2 ⁇ 3 ⁇ 4 ⁇ 1 ⁇ ....
- Each communication device 802 is connected to one or more buses 801. When connected to a plurality of buses 801, each communication device 802 performs the above operation independently for each bus.
- An appropriate priority may be determined between the communication devices 802, but the smaller the priority number, the higher the priority.
- the communication device 802 When the communication device 802 detects a token not addressed to itself, the communication device 802 performs the following operation.
- each communication device 802 performs the following operation.
- tokens are managed collectively. That is, one communication device 802 is selected from the communication devices 802 connected to the same node 801, and the authority to collectively manage tokens is given to this. Hereinafter, it will be referred to as “management communication device”.
- the management communication device sequentially outputs tokens addressed to other communication devices 802 in the bus 801 to the bus 801.
- the communication device 802 that has detected the token addressed to itself starts transmission if there is a packet to be transmitted, and outputs a "transmission completion notification" to the management communication device to the bus 801 after the transmission is completed. .
- the management communication device If the "communication completion notification" cannot be detected within a certain time after outputting a token addressed to a certain communication device 802, the management communication device outputs a token addressed to the next communication device 802 to the bus 801. .
- broadcasting is realized as follows.
- the broadcast source is in the normal data packet.
- the counter value given first represents the upper limit (the range covered by the packet) of the number of communication devices that can be passed.
- the broadcast packet is output to all the buses 801 to which it is connected.
- the other communication device 802 that has detected the broadcast packet on one bus 801 decrements the counter by 1, and if this is a positive value, the broadcast packet of the counter concerned Is output to the other nose 801. If 0, do not output.
- an intra-bus ID is already assigned to the communication device 802.
- an external device not assigned an intra-node ID is connected to the same bus 801 via the connector unit 110 or the like.
- a unique ID that is not duplicated with other communication devices 802 or other external devices is assigned to the external device. This corresponds to the MAC address in TCP / IP communication and the telephone number in the telephone communication network.
- an external device bus ID connected to a certain bus 801 may be determined as appropriate.
- one external device outputs a “route confirmation broadcast” to the bus 801.
- the route confirmation broadcast includes the following information.
- Source bus ID The initial value is the ID in the bus of the one external device.
- the communication device 802 that has detected the route confirmation broadcast performs the following processing.
- the ID in the transmission source bus specified for the route confirmation broadcast with the smallest number of transfers is determined as the relay point for communication with the one external device.
- the response packet is output to the connected bus 801.
- the response packet includes the following information.
- Origination information Specify the unique ID of the other external device, that is, the “destination unique ID specified in the route determination broadcast”.
- Source bus ID The initial value is the in-bus ID of the other external device.
- the communication device 802 that has detected the response packet performs the following processing.
- the external device issues an “in-bus transmission request” to the connected node 801.
- the communication device 802 having the token in the node 801 outputs “in-bus transmission permission” to the bus 801.
- the external device When the external device detects “in-bus transmission permission”, it can transmit the packet to the bus 801.
- collision determination / retransmission control like the CSMAZCD method may be performed between communication devices 802 connected to a certain bus 801, but many local loops and buses are connected.
- collision determination / retransmission control like the CSMAZCD method may be performed between communication devices 802 connected to a certain bus 801, but many local loops and buses are connected.
- network topology the above-described aspects are often more useful.
- a sheet-like communication device in which a plurality of communication elements are embedded, and the plurality of communication elements communicate with communication elements in the vicinity thereof to form a network. Can be provided.
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Abstract
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Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2006537586A JPWO2006035492A1 (ja) | 2004-09-27 | 2004-09-27 | 通信装置 |
PCT/JP2004/014112 WO2006035492A1 (ja) | 2004-09-27 | 2004-09-27 | 通信装置 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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PCT/JP2004/014112 WO2006035492A1 (ja) | 2004-09-27 | 2004-09-27 | 通信装置 |
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WO2006035492A1 true WO2006035492A1 (ja) | 2006-04-06 |
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PCT/JP2004/014112 WO2006035492A1 (ja) | 2004-09-27 | 2004-09-27 | 通信装置 |
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WO (1) | WO2006035492A1 (ja) |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH10215273A (ja) * | 1997-01-31 | 1998-08-11 | Oki Electric Ind Co Ltd | ループインタフェースのループ断箇所判定方法 |
JP2002158681A (ja) * | 2000-11-21 | 2002-05-31 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | データ送受信装置、データ送受信方法、記録媒体、及び、トークンリングネットワーク |
JP2004007448A (ja) * | 2001-10-12 | 2004-01-08 | Serukurosu:Kk | 通信装置 |
JP2004242220A (ja) * | 2003-02-07 | 2004-08-26 | Serukurosu:Kk | 通信デバイス、通信装置、電源装置および電力供給デバイス |
-
2004
- 2004-09-27 JP JP2006537586A patent/JPWO2006035492A1/ja active Pending
- 2004-09-27 WO PCT/JP2004/014112 patent/WO2006035492A1/ja not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH10215273A (ja) * | 1997-01-31 | 1998-08-11 | Oki Electric Ind Co Ltd | ループインタフェースのループ断箇所判定方法 |
JP2002158681A (ja) * | 2000-11-21 | 2002-05-31 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | データ送受信装置、データ送受信方法、記録媒体、及び、トークンリングネットワーク |
JP2004007448A (ja) * | 2001-10-12 | 2004-01-08 | Serukurosu:Kk | 通信装置 |
JP2004242220A (ja) * | 2003-02-07 | 2004-08-26 | Serukurosu:Kk | 通信デバイス、通信装置、電源装置および電力供給デバイス |
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JPWO2006035492A1 (ja) | 2008-05-15 |
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