WO2006033365A1 - 状態検出装置 - Google Patents
状態検出装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2006033365A1 WO2006033365A1 PCT/JP2005/017409 JP2005017409W WO2006033365A1 WO 2006033365 A1 WO2006033365 A1 WO 2006033365A1 JP 2005017409 W JP2005017409 W JP 2005017409W WO 2006033365 A1 WO2006033365 A1 WO 2006033365A1
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- electromotive force
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F1/00—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
- G01F1/56—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using electric or magnetic effects
- G01F1/58—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using electric or magnetic effects by electromagnetic flowmeters
- G01F1/60—Circuits therefor
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F1/00—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
- G01F1/56—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using electric or magnetic effects
- G01F1/58—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using electric or magnetic effects by electromagnetic flowmeters
- G01F1/584—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using electric or magnetic effects by electromagnetic flowmeters constructions of electrodes, accessories therefor
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F23/00—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm
- G01F23/22—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water
- G01F23/26—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring variations of capacity or inductance of capacitors or inductors arising from the presence of liquid or fluent solid material in the electric or electromagnetic fields
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/72—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a state detection device that detects a characteristic or state of a fluid or a state in a measurement tube through which the fluid flows.
- electromagnetic flowmeters have abnormal flow measurement values when the conductivity of the fluid is out of specification. At this time, if the resistance of the fluid can be measured, the output abnormality that occurs when a fluid with an unconventional conductivity flows is considered to be an abnormal force due to a change in the flow rate, or an abnormal fluid conductivity. It can be determined whether it is caused or not, and it can have a self-diagnosis function as a flow meter.
- Reference 1 Japanese Patent Publication No. 6-241855
- reference 2 edited by the Japan Metrology Equipment Industry Association, “AtoZ, Flow Measurement for Instrumentation Your,” Industrial Technology, 1995, p. 147-148) It has been.
- References 1 and 2 give examples of measuring water level and conductivity as an application of electromagnetic flowmeters.
- the specific force between the signal electromotive force obtained when the excitation coils provided above and below the pipe are driven simultaneously and the signal electromotive force obtained when the excitation coil above the pipe is driven alone.
- the fluid conductivity is obtained from the ratio of the signal electromotive force when the input impedance of the preamplifier connected to the electrode is changed.
- the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and basically uses the same fluid and one-door configuration as an electromagnetic induction type flow meter, regardless of the flow velocity of the fluid. It is an object of the present invention to provide a state detection device capable of accurately detecting the state of a pipe or the state of a pipe.
- the present invention provides a measuring tube through which a fluid flows, an excitation unit that applies a magnetic field that is asymmetric and time-varying with respect to a first plane perpendicular to the axial direction of the measuring tube, and a first in the measuring tube.
- 3 AZ 3 component (A is the vector potential and t is the time) generated by the magnetic field applied to the fluid and the flow of the fluid, regardless of the flow velocity of the fluid. From the combined electromotive force detected by the electrode that detects the combined electromotive force of the electromotive force of the electric power and the v XB component (V is the flow velocity and B is the magnetic flux density) due to the flow velocity of the fluid.
- a state quantification unit that extracts three components, extracts a variation factor depending on a parameter to be detected from the three AZ three components, and quantifies the parameter based on the variation factor, and includes the parameter The characteristics, state of the fluid, and the measuring tube Wherein the the condition is at least one.
- the 3 AZ 3 component is extracted from the combined vector of the d A / dt component independent of the fluid flow velocity and the V X B component that depends on the fluid flow velocity.
- the extracted 3 AZ 3 components it is possible to measure the characteristics and state of the fluid or the state in the measuring tube, and the characteristics and state of the fluid or the state in the measuring tube through which the fluid flows can be measured together with the flow rate of the fluid. It is a solution to the demand to detect.
- a device that accurately detects the characteristics and state of the fluid or the state in the measurement tube regardless of the flow velocity of the fluid is provided by using the same software configuration as the electromagnetic induction type flow meter. be able to.
- the technique of the present invention it is possible to meet the demand for measuring various fluid characteristics or states without being limited to the water level, conductivity, dielectric constant and the like.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram for explaining a first principle of a state detection device of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing eddy current and inter-electrode electromotive force when the flow rate of the fluid to be measured is 0 in the state detection apparatus of FIG.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing eddy current and inter-electrode electromotive force when the flow rate force of the fluid to be measured is not in the state detection apparatus of FIG.
- FIG. 4 shows the 3 AZ 3 t component vector and the v XB component in the state detection apparatus of FIG. It is a figure which shows a vector and a synthetic
- FIG. 5 is a block diagram for explaining a second principle of the state detection device of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing eddy current and inter-electrode electromotive force when the flow rate of the fluid to be measured is 0 in the state detection apparatus of FIG.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing eddy current and inter-electrode electromotive force when the flow rate force SO of the fluid to be measured is not SO in the state detection apparatus of FIG.
- FIG. 8 shows a combination of the 3 AZ 3 t component vector and the v XB component vector when the state detection device of FIG. 5 is excited only with the first excitation coil under the condition of the first excitation state. It is a figure which shows a vector.
- Fig. 9 shows the composition of the 3 AZ 3 t component vector and the v XB component vector when the state detection device of Fig. 5 is excited with only the second excitation coil under the condition of the first excitation state. It is a figure which shows a vector.
- FIG. 10 shows a combination of the 3 AZ 3 t component vector and the v XB component vector when excitation is performed with two excitation coils under the condition of the first excitation state in the state detection apparatus of FIG. It is a figure which shows a title.
- FIG. 11 shows the 3 AZ 3 t component vector and the v XB component vector when the state detection device of FIG. 5 is excited only by the second excitation coil under the second excitation state condition. It is a figure which shows a synthetic
- FIG. 12 shows a combination of the 3 AZ 3 t component vector and the v XB component vector when excitation is performed with two excitation coils under the condition of the second excitation state in the state detection apparatus of FIG. It is a figure which shows a title.
- FIG. 13 is a block diagram for explaining a third principle of the state detection device of the present invention.
- FIG. 14 is a diagram showing eddy current and inter-electrode electromotive force when the flow rate of the fluid to be measured is 0 in the state detection device of FIG.
- FIG. 15 is a diagram showing eddy current and inter-electrode electromotive force when the flow rate of the fluid to be measured is 0 in the state detection device of FIG. [FIG. 16]
- FIG. 16 is a diagram representing the process of extracting 3 AZ 3 component vectors in the state detection apparatus of FIG. 1 in complex vector representation.
- FIG. 17 is a diagram representing a process of extracting a 3 AZ 3 t component vector in the state detection apparatus of FIG. 5 in a complex vector representation.
- FIG. 18 is a diagram for explaining a method of creating the first table in the state detection device of the present invention.
- FIG. 19 is a diagram for explaining another method of creating the first table in the state detection device of the present invention.
- FIG. 20 is a diagram for explaining a method of creating a second table in the state detection device of the present invention.
- FIG. 21 is a diagram for explaining another method of creating the second table in the state detection device of the present invention.
- FIG. 22 is a diagram for explaining a method of creating a third table in the state detection device of the present invention.
- FIG. 23 is a diagram for explaining a method of creating a third table in the state detection device of the present invention.
- FIG. 24 is a diagram for explaining a method of creating a third table in the state detection device of the present invention.
- FIG. 25 is a diagram for explaining another method of creating the third table in the state detection device of the present invention.
- FIG. 26 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a state detection device according to the first exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 27 is a flowchart showing the operation of the state quantification unit in the first example of the present invention.
- FIG. 28 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of electrodes used in the state detection device of the first example of the present invention.
- FIG. 29 is a diagram showing an example of the relationship between the thickness of the deposit in the measurement tube and the magnitude of the variation factor in the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 30 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a state detection device according to a second exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 31 is a perspective view showing an arrangement example of excitation coils and electrodes used in the state detection device according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 32 is a cross-sectional view showing an arrangement example of excitation coils and electrodes used in the state detection device according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 33 is a diagram showing an example of the relationship between the fluid level or cross-sectional area of the fluid and the magnitude of the fluctuation factor in the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 34 is a flowchart showing the operation of the state quantifying unit in the third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 35 is a flowchart showing the operation of the state quantification unit in the fourth example of the present invention.
- FIG. 36 is a diagram showing an equivalent circuit when fluid impedance is detected in the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 37 is a diagram showing an example of the relationship between the magnitude of the electromotive force ratio and the frequency in the fourth example of the present invention.
- FIG. 38 is a diagram showing an example of the relationship between the magnitude of the variation factor ratio and the resistance component of the fluid impedance in the fourth example of the present invention.
- FIG. 39 is a flowchart showing the operation of the state quantifying unit in the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 40 is a diagram showing an equivalent circuit when fluid impedance is detected in the fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 41 is a diagram showing an example of the relationship between the magnitude of a variation factor and the resistance component and the capacity component of the fluid impedance in the fifth example of the present invention.
- FIG. 42 is a diagram showing another example of the relationship between the magnitude of the variation factor and the resistance component and the capacity component of the fluid impedance in the fifth example of the present invention.
- FIG. 43 is a diagram showing candidate solutions for the resistance component and the capacitance component of the fluid impedance at the first angular frequency.
- FIG. 44 is a diagram showing candidate solutions for the resistance component and the capacitance component of the fluid impedance at the second angular frequency.
- FIG. 45 is a diagram for explaining how to find a solution of a resistance component and a capacitance component of fluid impedance.
- FIG. 46 is a block diagram showing a configuration of the state detection device according to the sixth exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 47 is a flowchart showing the operation of the state quantifying unit in the sixth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 48 is a perspective view showing an arrangement example of excitation coils and electrodes used in the state detection device according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 49 is a cross-sectional view showing an arrangement example of excitation coils and electrodes used in the state detection device according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 50 is a diagram showing an example of the relationship between the fluid level or cross-sectional area and the magnitude of the variation factor in the sixth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 51 is a flowchart showing the operation of the state quantification unit in the seventh example of the present invention.
- FIG. 52 is a flowchart showing the operation of the state quantification unit in the eighth example of the present invention.
- FIG. 53 is a flowchart showing the operation of the state quantifying unit in the ninth embodiment of the present invention.
- the cosine wave P'cos (co, t) and sine wave Q'sin (co, t) with the same frequency and different amplitude are combined into the following cosine wave.
- P and Q are amplitudes, and ⁇ is angular frequency.
- the amplitude ⁇ of the cosine wave P'cos (co, t) is the real axis and the sine wave Q 'si It is convenient to map to the complex coordinate plane so that the amplitude Q of ⁇ ( ⁇ , t) is on the imaginary axis.
- the distance (P 2 + Q 2 ) 1/2 of the origin force gives the amplitude of the composite wave
- the angle ⁇ tan — i (QZP) with the real axis is The phase difference from 't will be given.
- Equation (2) is a notation for a complex vector, and j is an imaginary unit.
- L gives the length of the complex vector, and ⁇ gives the direction of the complex vector. Therefore, it is convenient to use conversion to complex vectors to analyze geometric relationships on the complex coordinate plane.
- the 3D vector here has a different meaning from the vector on the complex plane.
- These two types of electric fields generate a potential distribution in the fluid, which can be detected by the electrodes.
- the eddy current generated in the fluid due to the 3 A / dt component that is independent of the fluid flow velocity the eddy current flows depending on the characteristics and state in the measurement tube including the fluid and the input impedance when extracting the potential. If the path and current density change and this change is taken out as a potential, characteristics and conditions other than fluid can be measured.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram for explaining the first principle of the state detection apparatus of the present invention.
- This state detector measures the measurement pipe 1 through which the fluid to be measured flows, the magnetic field applied to the fluid to be measured, and the axis PAX of the measurement pipe 1 so as to be orthogonal to and in contact with the fluid to be measured.
- a plane including a pair of electrodes 2a and 2b that are arranged opposite to the tube 1 and detect an electromotive force generated by the magnetic field and the flow of the fluid to be measured, and electrodes 2a and 2b that are orthogonal to the direction of the measurement tube axis PAX.
- PLN is used as the boundary of the measurement tube 1
- an excitation coil 3 that applies a time-varying magnetic field that is asymmetric before and after the measurement tube 1 with the plane PLN as a boundary is applied to the fluid to be measured.
- the extracted 3 AZ 3 t component contains a component that varies depending on the fluid and the state and characteristics of the measuring tube 1, and the value of this component determines the fluid conductivity, dielectric constant, water level, etc. It is possible to measure the characteristics and state of the sensor or the state in the measuring tube regardless of the flow rate.
- the vX B component force included in the composite vector can be used to calculate the flow velocity in the same way as a general electromagnetic flow meter.
- the magnetic field component (magnetic flux density) B1 orthogonal to both the electrode axis EAX connecting the electrodes 2a and 2b and then the electrode axis EAX and the measurement tube axis PAX Is given as follows.
- bl is the amplitude of the magnetic flux density B1
- ⁇ ⁇ is the angular frequency
- 01 is the phase difference (phase lag) between the magnetic flux density B1 and co O′t.
- the magnetic flux density B1 is defined as the magnetic field B1.
- the inter-electrode electromotive force caused by the change in the magnetic field and unrelated to the fluid flow velocity will be described. Since the electromotive force due to the change in the magnetic field is based on the time derivative of the magnetic field dBlZdt, the magnetic field B 1 generated from the exciting coil 3 is differentiated as follows.
- the inter-electrode electromotive force E which is generated by the change of the magnetic field Ba and is independent of the flow velocity, is oriented as shown in FIG. This direction The negative direction.
- the electromotive force E between the electrodes is obtained by multiplying the time derivative dB lZdt of the magnetic field considering the direction by the proportional coefficient rk and replacing the phase 01 with 01 + 000 as shown in the following equation (rk ⁇ 0 0 is related to the structure of the measuring tube 1 including the conductivity and dielectric constant of the fluid to be measured and the arrangement of the electrodes 2a, 2b).
- Equation (6) when Equation (6) is mapped to the complex coordinate plane with coO't as a reference, the real axis component Ex and the imaginary axis component Ey are as follows.
- the inter-electrode electromotive force Ec of Equation (9) converted into complex coordinates is caused only by the time change of the magnetic field, and becomes an inter-electrode electromotive force that is independent of the flow velocity.
- Rk 'coO'bl'exp ⁇ j' ( ⁇ 2 + ⁇ 1+ 000) ⁇ in equation (9) is a complex with length rk'coO'bl and angle from the real axis ⁇ 2 + ⁇ 1+ 000 Is a vector.
- proportional coefficients rk and ⁇ 00 described above can be expressed by the following complex vector kc.
- kc rk-cos ( ⁇ 00) + j-rk-sin ( ⁇ 00)
- Equation (10) rk is the magnitude of the vector kc, and ⁇ 00 is the angle of the vector k with respect to the real axis.
- the inter-electrode electromotive force caused by the flow velocity of the fluid to be measured will be described.
- the generated eddy current includes the component vXBa due to the flow velocity vector V of the fluid to be measured, in addition to the eddy current I at the velocity of 0. Therefore, the eddy current Iv due to the flow velocity vector V and the magnetic field Ba is oriented as shown in Fig. 3. Therefore, the interelectrode electromotive force Ev generated by the flow velocity vector V and the magnetic field Ba is opposite to the interelectrode electromotive force ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ generated by time change, and the direction of ⁇ is the positive direction.
- the electromotive force Ev caused by the flow velocity is obtained by multiplying the magnetic field B1 by a proportional coefficient rkv and replacing phase 01 with 01 + 001 as shown in the following equation (rkv, ⁇ 01 Is related to the structure of the measuring tube 1 including the magnitude of the flow velocity V, the conductivity and dielectric constant of the fluid to be measured, and the arrangement of the electrodes 2a and 2b).
- Equation (12) when Equation (12) is mapped to the complex coordinate plane with coO't as a reference, the real axis component Evx and the imaginary axis component Evy are expressed by the following equations.
- Equation (13) and Equation (14) are converted to the complex vector Eve shown in the following equation To do.
- the inter-electrode electromotive force Eve of Equation (15) converted into complex coordinates is the inter-electrode electromotive force due to the flow velocity of the fluid to be measured.
- rkvbl'exp ⁇ j '(01 + 001) ⁇ is a complex vector having a length force rkbl and an angle from the real axis of 01 + 001.
- rkv is the magnitude of the vector kvc
- ⁇ 01 is the angle of the vector kvc with respect to the real axis.
- rkv corresponds to the proportional coefficient rk (see equation (10)) multiplied by the velocity V and the proportional coefficient ⁇ . That is, the following equation is established.
- the total inter-electrode electromotive force Ealc which is the sum of the inter-electrode electromotive force Ec caused by the time change of the magnetic field and the inter-electrode electromotive force Eve caused by the fluid flow velocity, is expressed by the following equation (15): It is expressed by the following equation by adding the substituted equation and equation (9).
- the length of the combined vector obtained by combining these two complex vectors represents the magnitude of the output (electromotive force Ealc between electrodes), and the angle ⁇ of the combined beta is the input (excitation current) phase coO't. Represents the phase difference (phase lag) of the electromotive force Ealc between electrodes.
- the angle ⁇ 00 is the angle of the vector kc with respect to the real axis
- the angle ⁇ 01 is the angle of the vector k vc with respect to the real axis.
- ⁇ 00 is the angle of the 3 AZ 3 t component relative to the imaginary axis
- ⁇ 01 is the angle of the vXB component relative to the real axis.
- VblO Kb-Blc-C-V (21)
- Figure 4 shows the vector ValO, the vector VblO, and the resultant vector (flow velocity V) ValO + VblO.
- FIG. 5 is a block diagram for explaining the second principle of the state detection apparatus of the present invention.
- This state detection device uses the plane PLN as a boundary when the plane PLN including the electrodes 2a and 2b perpendicular to the direction of the measurement tube 1, the electrodes 2a and 2b, and the measurement tube axis PAX is the boundary of the measurement tube 1.
- a first excitation core that applies a time-varying magnetic field that is asymmetric before and after the measurement tube 1 to the fluid to be measured.
- a second exciting coil 3b is disposed at a position separated from the plane PLN by an offset distance dl, for example, on the downstream side.
- the second exciting coil 3b is arranged at a position separated from the planar PLN cover by an offset distance d2 on the upstream side, for example.
- the state detection device of FIG. 5 is obtained by adding one excitation coil to the state detection device of FIG.
- the newly added second exciting coil 3b is added on the same side as the existing first exciting coil 3a
- the redundant configuration of FIG. 1 is obtained. Therefore, the second excitation coil 3b needs to be arranged on a different side from the first excitation coil 3a across the plane PLN including the electrodes 2a and 2b.
- the vXB component due to the flow velocity points in the same direction, 3 due to the change in the magnetic field Bb of the first excitation coil 3a 3 AZ 3 t due to the change in the magnetic field Be of the second excitation coil 3b 3 It is in the opposite direction to the AZ 3 t component. If this principle is used, the d A / dt component can be extracted efficiently.
- the magnetic field component orthogonal to both the electrode axis EAX and the measurement tube axis PAX (magnetic flux density) B2 Is given as follows.
- bl and b2 are the amplitudes of the magnetic flux densities Bl and B2
- ⁇ is the angular frequency
- ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 are the phase differences between the magnetic flux densities Bl, ⁇ 2 and coO't (phase lag) ).
- the magnetic flux density B1 is defined as the magnetic field B1
- the magnetic flux density B2 is defined as the magnetic field B2.
- the magnetic field B1 generated from the first excitation coil 3a and the magnetic field B2 generated from the second excitation coil 3b are expressed as follows: Differentiate.
- dBlZdt oO'cos (oO't) -bl- ⁇ sin ( ⁇ 1) ⁇
- the eddy current generated is only the component due to the change in the magnetic field, and the eddy current II due to the magnetic field Bb and the eddy current 12 due to the magnetic field Be are as shown in FIG. It becomes a proper direction. Therefore, in the plane including the electrode axis EAX and the measurement tube axis PAX, the inter-electrode electromotive force E1 generated by the change in the magnetic field Bb and unrelated to the flow rate, and the flow rate generated by the change in the magnetic field Be.
- the interelectrode electromotive force E2 is opposite to each other as shown in FIG.
- the total inter-electrode electromotive force E obtained by adding the inter-electrode electromotive forces E1 and E2 is the difference between the time derivative of the magnetic field dBlZdt and dB2Zdt (one dBlZdt + dB2Zdt) as shown in the following equation.
- Proportional coefficient rk is applied, and the difference between the orientations ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 is replaced with ⁇ 1+ ⁇ 00 and ⁇ 2+ ⁇ 00 respectively (rk and 000 are the conductivity and dielectric constant of the fluid to be measured.
- the structure of the measuring tube 1 including the arrangement of the electrodes 2a and 2b).
- the generated eddy current includes the flow velocity vector V of the fluid to be measured in addition to the eddy currents II and 12 when the flow velocity is 0. Since the components vXBb and VX Be due to the are generated, the eddy current Ivl due to the flow velocity vector V and the magnetic field Bb, and the eddy current Iv2 due to the flow velocity vector V and the magnetic field Be are oriented as shown in FIG. Therefore, the interelectrode electromotive force Evl generated by the flow velocity vector V and the magnetic field Bb and the interelectrode electromotive force Ev2 generated by the flow velocity vector V and the magnetic field Be are in the same direction.
- the inter-electrode electromotive force Ev obtained by adding the inter-electrode electromotive forces Evl and Ev2 is obtained by multiplying the sum of the magnetic field B1 and the magnetic field ⁇ 2 by the proportional coefficient rkv as shown in the following equation.
- ⁇ 1, ⁇ 2 01+ 001, ⁇ 2+ ⁇ 01 (rkv, ⁇ 01 is the measuring tube containing the flow velocity V, the conductivity and the dielectric constant of the fluid to be measured, and the arrangement of the electrodes 2a, 2b. (Related to the structure of 1).
- the plane PLN force including the electrodes 2a and 2b perpendicular to the measurement tube axis PAX and the distance dl to the first excitation coil 3a and the plane PLN force to the distance d2 to the second excitation coil 3b Is approximately equal to ⁇ (dl d2), bl b2, ⁇ ⁇ 2 0.
- equations (29) and (30) are as follows.
- the interelectrode electromotive force ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 20 is almost only the electromotive force of the ⁇ component, and the interelectrode electromotive force E20R is only the electromotive force of the almost 3 ⁇ 3t component, so it is generated from the first exciting coil 3a. It can be seen that the dA / dt component can be extracted efficiently if the phase difference between the magnetic field generated and the magnetic field generated from the second excitation coil 3b is maintained at approximately ⁇ .
- the 3 AZ 3 t component in the composite vector of Equation (29) is generated from the first exciting coil 3a!
- the d A / dt component in 30) is also expressed as ValO.
- ValO Ka-Blc-C- ⁇ (33)
- VblO Kb-Blc-C-V
- Figure 8 shows the vector ValO, the vector VblO, and the resultant vector (flow velocity V) ValO + VblO.
- Re is a real axis and Im is an imaginary axis.
- Va20 -Ka-B2c-C- ⁇ (35)
- the excitation state ST2 in equation (30) is different from the excitation state ST1 in equation (29) in that the phase of the magnetic field is shifted by ⁇ , so the direction of the magnetic field is reversed and the magnetic field generated from the second excitation coil 3b is related to
- Va20R -Ka- ( ⁇ B2c)-C- ⁇ (36)
- the ⁇ X ⁇ component in the composite vector of Equation (29) is generated from the second exciting coil 3b!
- Vb20 Kb -B2c-C-V (37)
- FIG. 9 shows a vector Va20, a vector Vb20, and a composite vector (flow velocity V) Va20 + Vb20.
- Figure 10 shows the vector VasO, the vector VbsO, and the resultant vector (flow velocity V) VasO + VbsO.
- the excitation state ST2 is out of phase with the excitation state ST1 by ⁇ , so the term related to the magnetic field generated from the second excitation coil 3b is B2c. Therefore, in the vX B component in the composite vector of Equation (30), the portion due to the magnetic field generated from the second excitation coil 3b is represented by the constant term Kb in the v XB component and the second excitation coil 3b.
- the product of the term B2c related to the generated magnetic field, the term C related to the characteristics and state of the fluid, and the magnitude of the flow velocity Vb20R, Vb20R is expressed by equation (38).
- Vb20R Kb-(-B2c) -C-V (38)
- FIG. 11 shows a vector Va20R, a vector Vb20R, and a combined vector (flow velocity V) Va20R + Vb2 OR.
- FIG. 12 shows a vector VasOR, a vector VbsOR, and a composite vector (flow velocity V) VasOR + VbsOR.
- Equation (33), Equation (34), Equation (36), and Equation (38) the d A / dt component ValO + Va20R detected by electrodes 2a and 2b in excitation state ST2 (of Equation (30)) 1st term on right side) and component! ⁇ ) + Vb20R (the second term on the right side of equation (30)) is expressed by the following equation.
- ValO + Va20R Ka- (Blc + B2c) -C- ⁇ ⁇
- VblO + Vb20R Kb-(Blc- B2c) -C-V (40)
- FIG. 13 is a block diagram for explaining a third principle of the state detection device of the present invention.
- This state detection device is disposed opposite to the measuring tube 1 so as to be orthogonal to both the measuring tube 1 and the magnetic field applied to the fluid to be measured and the measuring tube axis P AX and to be in contact with the fluid to be measured.
- First electrodes 2a and 2b and second electrodes 2c and 2d that detect the electromotive force generated by the magnetic field and the flow of the fluid to be measured, and the first electrodes 2a and 2b that are orthogonal to the measurement tube axis PAX If the plane containing PLN1 and the plane containing the second electrodes 2c and 2d perpendicular to the measurement tube axis PAX is PLN2, the asymmetric and time-varying magnetic field is measured before and after the measurement tube 1 with the plane PLN1 as the boundary. And an exciting coil 3 that applies a time-varying magnetic field to the fluid to be measured, which is asymmetrical before and after the measuring tube 1 with the plane PLN2 as a boundary.
- the first electrodes 2a and 2b are disposed at a position separated from the plane PLN3 including the axis of the exciting coil 3 and perpendicular to the direction of the measurement tube axis PAX, for example, by an offset distance d3 upstream.
- the second electrodes 2c and 2d are disposed at a position separated from the plane PLN3 by, for example, an offset distance d4 on the downstream side.
- the state detection device in FIG. 13 is obtained by adding a pair of electrodes to the state detection device in FIG.
- the redundant configuration of FIG. 1 is obtained. Therefore, the second electrodes 2c and 2d need to be arranged on a different side from the first electrodes 2a and 2b with the excitation coil 3 interposed therebetween. With this arrangement, the vX B component caused by the magnetic field and flow velocity generated from the excitation coil 3 detected by the first electrodes 2a and 2b and the excitation coil detected by the second electrodes 2c and 2d are detected.
- 3 AZ 3 components due to change in magnetic field generated from excitation coil 3 and 3 A / dt due to change in magnetic field generated from excitation coil 3 detected by second electrodes 2c and 2d
- the direction is opposite to the component. If this principle is used, 3 AZ 3 components can be extracted efficiently.
- the magnetic field component (magnetic flux density) B4 perpendicular to both the electrode axis EAX2 and the measurement tube axis PAX on the electrode axis EAX2 connecting the electrodes 2c and 2d is It shall be given as follows.
- B3 and B4 are generated from one exciting coil 3
- b3 and b4, 03 and 04 are related to each other and are not independent variables.
- b3 and b4 are the amplitudes of magnetic flux densities B3 and B4
- ⁇ is the angular frequency
- ⁇ 3 and 04 are the magnetic flux densities ⁇ 3, ⁇ 4 and coO't Phase lag).
- the magnetic flux density B3 is defined as the magnetic field B3
- the magnetic flux density B4 is defined as the magnetic field B4.
- B3 and B4 of the magnetic field Bd generated from the exciting coil 3 are differentiated as follows.
- dB4Zdt oO'cos (oO't) -b4- ⁇ sin ( ⁇ 4) ⁇
- the eddy current generated is only the component due to the change in the magnetic field, and the eddy current I due to the change in the magnetic field Bd is oriented as shown in FIG. Therefore, the first inter-electrode electromotive force El independent of the flow velocity between the electrodes 2a and 2b generated by the change of the magnetic field Bd in the plane including the electrode axis EAX1 and the measurement tube axis PAX, and the electrode axis EAX2
- the second inter-electrode electromotive force E2 between the electrodes 2c and 2d generated by the change of the magnetic field Bd in the plane including the measurement tube axis PAX is opposite to each other as shown in FIG. .
- the first inter-electrode electromotive force E1 and the second inter-electrode electromotive force E2 are expressed by the time derivative of the magnetic field (one dB3Zdt, dB4 / dt) ) And a phase coefficient of 03, ⁇ 4 are replaced by ⁇ 3 + ⁇ 00, ⁇ 4 + ⁇ 00 respectively (rk, ⁇ 00 are the conductivity and dielectric constant of the fluid to be measured and the electrode 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d related to the structure of measuring tube 1).
- the generated eddy current is added to the flow velocity vector V of the fluid to be measured in addition to the eddy current I when the flow velocity is 0. Due to the generation of the component vX Bd, the eddy current Iv due to the flow velocity vector V and the magnetic field Bd is oriented as shown in Fig. 15. Therefore, the first interelectrode electromotive force Evl generated by the flow velocity vector V and the magnetic field Bd and the second interelectrode electromotive force ⁇ 2 generated by the flow velocity vector V and the magnetic field Bd are in the same direction.
- the first inter-electrode electromotive force Evl and the second inter-electrode electromotive force Ev2 are obtained by applying a proportional coefficient rkv to the magnetic field (B3, B4) to which the direction of the electromotive force is added, as shown in the following equation.
- the phase differences 03 and 04 are replaced by 03 + 001 and ⁇ 4 + ⁇ 01 respectively (rkv and 001 are the flow velocity V, the conductivity and dielectric constant of the fluid to be measured, and the electrodes 2a, 2b, 2c , Related to the structure of measuring tube 1 including the arrangement of 2d).
- the electromotive force obtained by converting the inter-electrode electromotive force caused by the time change of the magnetic field into a complex vector and the electromotive force obtained by converting the inter-electrode electromotive force caused by the flow velocity of the fluid to be measured into the complex vector are combined.
- the second inter-electrode electromotive force Ea4c between the electrodes 2c and 2d is expressed by the following equation corresponding to the equation (18) using the equation (17).
- Ea4c rk- W 0-b4-exp ⁇ j- (- ⁇ / 2 + ⁇ 4+ ⁇ 00) ⁇
- the first term on the right side of Equation (53) is 3 AZ 3 t in the sum of the electromotive force detected by the first electrodes 2a and 2b and the electromotive force detected by the second electrodes 2c and 2d.
- the second term on the right side of the component (53) is the vXB component in the sum of the electromotive force detected by the first electrodes 2a and 2b and the electromotive force detected by the second electrodes 2c and 2d.
- the first term on the right side of Equation (54) is 3 AZ 3 t in the difference between the electromotive force detected by the first electrodes 2a and 2b and the electromotive force detected by the second electrodes 2c and 2d.
- the component, the second term on the right side of Equation (54) is the VXB component in the difference between the electromotive force detected by the first electrodes 2a and 2b and the electromotive force detected by the second electrodes 2c and 2d.
- the sum E30s of the first interelectrode electromotive force and the second interelectrode electromotive force is substantially only the electromotive force of the vXB component, and the first interelectrode electromotive force and the second interelectrode electromotive force Difference from E30d Since only the electromotive force of the dA / dt component is present, it can be seen that the 3 AZ 3 component can be extracted efficiently if the difference between the electromotive force of the first electrode and the electromotive force of the second electrode is taken. .
- Va30 Ka-Bc3-C- ⁇ (57)
- Vb30 Kb-Bc3-C-V (58)
- C rk'exp (j. ⁇ 00) related to the characteristics and state of, and the angular frequency ⁇ , Va40 is expressed by equation (59).
- Va40 -Ka-Bc4-C- ⁇ (59)
- Va40R Ka-Bc4 ⁇ C ⁇ ⁇ 0 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ (60)
- Terms related to magnetic field 8 1) 4 ⁇ ; 1 '( ⁇ 3 + ⁇ ⁇ 4) ⁇ , terms related to fluid properties and conditions
- C rk • exp (j- ⁇ 00), flow velocity
- Equation (61) The product of Vb40 and Vb40 is expressed by equation (61).
- Vb40R -KbBc4CV
- Equation (57), Equation (58), Equation (60), and Equation (62), 3 AZ 3 t component Va30 + due to the change in the magnetic field generated from exciting coil 3 in electromotive force difference E30d Va40R (the first term on the right side of Equation (54)) and the vX B component Vb30 + Vb4 OR (the second term on the right side of Equation (54)) due to the magnetic field and flow velocity generated by exciting coil 3 are expressed by the following equations:
- Va30 + Va40R Ka- (Bc3 + Bc4) -C- ⁇ ⁇ (63)
- Vb30 + Vb40R Kb-(Bc3 ⁇ Bc4) -C-V... (64)
- the fluid characteristics and state or measurement can be measured without depending on the flow velocity. It is possible to know the change of the state in the tube.
- the characteristics and state of the target fluid or the state in the measuring tube are called parameters.
- the first extraction method will be described as an extraction method that can be applied to any of the three configurations of FIG. 1, FIG. 5, and FIG.
- This first extraction method is a method that utilizes the fact that the 3 AZ 3 t component varies depending on the frequency, but the vX B component does not vary.
- the component C which fluctuates with the value of the norameter, is related only to the parameter value and does not have frequency characteristics.
- the electromotive force detected by the electrodes 2a and 2b when the exciting current of the angular frequency ⁇ ⁇ is supplied to the exciting coil 3 is the following 3 AZ 3 t component vector ValO And vX B component vector Vb 10 is equivalent to the combined vector Va 10 + Vb 10 ⁇ .
- ValO Ka-Blc -C- ⁇ ⁇ (65)
- VblO Kb -Blc-CV
- the d A / dt component is a vector unrelated to the magnitude V of the flow velocity
- the vX B component is a vector whose magnitude changes in proportion to the magnitude V of the flow velocity. If the difference between the combined vector when the angular frequency is ⁇ 2 different from ⁇ 0 and the combined vector when the excitation angular frequency is ⁇ 0 is taken, the vX B component is canceled and the 3 AZ 3 t component remains. It will be.
- the vX B component when the excitation angular frequency is ⁇ 2 is the same as equation (66), and the vector Val2 of the d A / dt component when the excitation angular frequency is ⁇ 2 is! / Then, ⁇ 0 is replaced by ⁇ 2 and becomes as follows.
- Val2 Ka-Blc -C- ⁇ 2
- FIG. 16 is a diagram representing the extraction of the d A / dt component ValO-Val2 in a complex vector representation.
- phase difference between the magnetic field generated from the first exciting coil 3a and the magnetic field generated from the second exciting coil 3b is maintained at approximately ⁇ as described above, 3 ⁇ 3 t components can be extracted efficiently.
- a first excitation current with an angular frequency ⁇ 0 is supplied to the first excitation coil 3a, and a second excitation current with a phase difference of ⁇ ⁇ 2+ ⁇ and an angular frequency of ⁇ ⁇ is supplied to the first excitation coil 3a.
- the electromotive force detected by the electrodes 2a and 2b when supplied to the second exciting coil 3b is the Va / OR of the dA / dt component vector ValO + Va20R in Equation (39) and vXB component in Equation (40). If the vector VblO + Vb20R is VbsOR, it corresponds to the following combined vector VasOR + VbsOR.
- VasOR Ka- (Blc + B2c) -C- ⁇ ⁇ (68)
- VbsOR Kb-(Blc-B2c) -C-V (69)
- the v XB component when the excitation angular frequency is ⁇ 2 is the same as in equation (69), and the 3 ⁇ 3 t component when the excitation angular frequency is ⁇ 2
- the vector Vas2R is obtained by substituting ⁇ 0 with ⁇ 2 in equation (68), and becomes the following equation.
- Vas2R Ka- (Blc + B2c) -C- ⁇ 2... (70)
- FIG. 17 is a complex vector representation of the process of extracting the 3 AZ 3 t component VasOR—Vas2R.
- the method of extracting 3 AZ 3 components from the combined vector is the same as that of the configuration of FIG.
- the electromotive force due to the influence of the magnetic field generated from the first excitation coil 3a is expressed by the first electrode 2a, Replaced with the electromotive force detected at 2b, replaced the electromotive force due to the magnetic field generated by the second excitation coil 3b with the electromotive force detected at the second electrodes 2c and 2d, and detected at the excitation state ST1.
- the electromotive force to be detected can be replaced with the electromotive force sum, and the electromotive force detected in the excitation state ST2 can be replaced with the electromotive force difference.
- the second extraction method will be described as an extraction method applicable to the configurations shown in FIGS.
- the VXB component is oriented in the same direction before and after the tube axis direction with respect to the plane perpendicular to the tube axis direction including the excitation coil, but the d A / dt component is reversed. This is a method of canceling the VXB component by using the direction.
- VasOR ' VasOR + VbsOR
- VasOR ' rk-exp ⁇ j- (01+ 000) ⁇
- the method of extracting the 3 AZ 3 component from the combined vector is the same as that of the configuration of FIG. 5, as described in the first extraction method.
- the vector VasOR of the d A / dt component can be calculated from the composite vector VasOR + VbsOR. It can be extracted.
- the parameters included in the dK / dt component include a first parameter that does not depend on frequency (ie, the influence of frequency can be ignored) and a second parameter related to frequency.
- the dK / dt component extracted in the configuration of FIG. 1 by the first extraction method is the vector ValO—Val2
- the d A / dt component extracted in the configuration of FIG. 5 is the vector VasOR—Vas2R. Since the extracted d / dt component is not related to the flow velocity V, It becomes possible to measure the characteristics and state of the fluid or the state in the measuring tube. Since the first parameter can be extracted in the same way for both the vector ValO—Val2 and VasOR—Vas2R, here we will explain the case where the first parameter is extracted from the vector VasOR—Vas2R. .
- the proportional coefficient rk, the angle of 3 AZ 3 t with respect to the imaginary axis ⁇ 00 are expressed as functions of the first parameter p as rk [p] and ⁇ 00 [p], respectively, and the first parameter force 3 ⁇ 4
- the variable factor C is Cp
- the variable factor Cp is expressed by the following equation.
- VasOR-Vas2R Ka- (Blc + B2c) * Cp '( ⁇ — ⁇ 2)
- Equation (76) the variation factor Cp, which varies depending on the target first parameter, is expressed by the following equation.
- the term related to the magnetic field in the eight components, B2c is a value that can be confirmed during calibration, and ⁇ VasOR — Vas2R ⁇ Z ⁇ Ka '(Blc + B2c)' (coO— ⁇ 2) ⁇ is rk [p] ⁇ ⁇ V asOR-Vas2R ⁇ / ⁇ Ka- (Blc + B2c) ⁇ ( ⁇ — ⁇ 2) ⁇ Since the angle from the real axis is ⁇ 00 [ ⁇ ], the relationship between the first parameter ⁇ and the proportional coefficient rk [p] or the relationship between the first parameter and the angle ⁇ 00 [p] If it is memorized, the first parameter ⁇ can be obtained by calculating the magnitude or phase of ⁇ VasOR—Vas2R ⁇ Z ⁇ Ka- (Blc + B2c) ⁇ ( ⁇ — ⁇ 2) ⁇
- the 3 ⁇ 3 components extracted with the configuration of Fig. 5 by the second extraction method are the vectors in Eq. (68). Expressed as VasOR. Since the extracted d A / dt component is not related to the flow velocity V, it is possible to measure the characteristics and state of the fluid other than the flow velocity or the state in the measuring tube by using this. In the vector VasOR in Eq. (68), the variation factor that changes according to the second parameter of interest is expressed by the same formula: ⁇ 0' ⁇ 00).
- the proportional coefficient rk and the angle ⁇ 00 of the 3 AZ dt component with respect to the imaginary axis are expressed in function form as rk [p, ⁇ ] and ⁇ ⁇ [ ⁇ , ⁇ ] as functions of the second parameter p and angular frequency ⁇ , respectively.
- the variation factor CpO is expressed by the following equation.
- VasOR Ka- (Blc + B2c) -CpO- ⁇ ⁇ (79)
- Equation (79) the variation factor CpO that varies depending on the second parameter of interest is expressed by the following equation.
- fixing the excitation frequency to one is equivalent to obtaining the first parameter. Therefore, as an example of not fixing the excitation frequency to one, consider the fluctuation of the magnetic field as the second parameter. The case where the parameter value is output will be described. In this case, by obtaining the 3 ⁇ 3 components under multiple angular frequencies, it is possible to eliminate the magnetic field fluctuation factor and output the second norm value with less error.
- Vas2R Ka- (Blc + B2c) -CpO- ⁇ 2 (82)
- the ratio Cn does not include a magnetic field variation factor
- the second parameter p can be obtained by reducing the error factor.
- the relationship between the excitation angular frequency ⁇ , ⁇ 2 and the second parameter ⁇ and ⁇ rk [p, co2] Zrk [p, ⁇ ] ⁇ is memorized, or the excitation angular frequency ⁇ , ⁇
- the magnitude or phase of (Vas2RZVasOR)-( ⁇ 0 / ⁇ 2) By calculating, the second parameter ⁇ can be obtained in a form that removes the variation factor due to the magnetic field (for example, magnetic field shift, etc.).
- VasOR Ka- (Blc + B2c) -CpqO- ⁇ (86)
- Equation (86) the variation factor CpqO that varies depending on the target third and fourth parameters is expressed by the following equation.
- Vas2R Ka- (Blc + B2c) -Cpq2- ⁇ 2 (89)
- the third parameter ⁇ and the fourth parameter q at the excitation angular frequency ⁇ And the proportional coefficient rk [p, q, ⁇ ⁇ ] and the third parameter ⁇ and the fourth parameter q at the excitation angular frequency ⁇ 2 and the proportional coefficient rk [p, q, ⁇ 2] If the relationship is memorized at the time of calibration, calculate the magnitude of VasOR / ⁇ Ka- (Blc + B2c) ⁇ ⁇ 0 ⁇ and Vas2RZ ⁇ Ka '(B1 c + B2c) ⁇ ⁇ 2 ⁇ Thus, the third parameter ⁇ and the fourth parameter q can be obtained.
- Proportional coefficient rk [p] and!: K [p, ⁇ ] for obtaining measured force can be obtained in advance by creating a table for inverse transformation.
- Represent the proportional coefficient rk [p] and angle ⁇ 00 [p] as a function f [p] and represent the proportional coefficient rk [p, ⁇ ] and 0 ⁇ [ ⁇ , ⁇ ] as a function f [ ⁇ , ⁇ ] (if there are multiple parameters, f [p, q, ⁇ ]), and the inverse transformation and table will be explained.
- a table is created by interpolating the measurement result force at the time of calibration (hereinafter referred to as the first creation method), and a table based on a theoretical formula is directly used.
- the first creation method a table is created by interpolating the measurement result force at the time of calibration
- the second creation method There are two methods of creation (hereinafter referred to as the second creation method).
- the first table a first creation method of a table for extracting the first parameter (hereinafter referred to as the first table) will be described.
- the first table can be created using Equation (91). By using this first table, the function f [P] (proportional coefficient rk [p ] Or angle ⁇ 00 [P]), the first parameter P can be determined. An example of linear approximation is shown here. However, a polynomial can also be inversely transformed.
- equation (92) is shown in FIG. If equation (92) is stored as the first table, the first parameter P can be obtained from the function f [p] obtained during actual measurement after calibration.
- a first creation method of a table for extracting one second parameter (hereinafter referred to as a second table) will be described.
- a second table for extracting one second parameter
- the second parameter is pi during calibration
- the value of f [pi, ⁇ ] at the excitation angular frequency ⁇ and the value of f [pi, ⁇ 2] at the excitation angular frequency ⁇ 2 ratio measurement result is obtained that it becomes RYL
- the second parameter is P 2
- f in the excitation angular frequency ⁇ [p2, ⁇ ] f the value of the excitation angular frequency omega 2 [p2, omega 2
- the second parameter p is expressed by the following equation by linear approximation between two points.
- the second table can be created by equation (93), and by using this second table, the ratio of the functions obtained during actual measurement after calibration f [P, ⁇ 2] / ⁇
- the second meter ⁇ can be found from [ ⁇ , ⁇ ].
- the function f [p, ⁇ 2] is the proportionality factor rk [p, ⁇ 2] or the angle ⁇ [ ⁇ , ⁇ 2], and the function f [p, ⁇ ] or angle 000 [p, ⁇ ].
- the inverse transformation can be performed in the same way even with the power polynomial shown in the example of linear approximation.
- Equation (94) is stored as the second table, the second parameter ⁇ can be calculated from the function ratio f [P, ⁇ 2] / ⁇ [ ⁇ , ⁇ ] obtained during actual measurement after calibration. Can be requested.
- a first creation method of a table for extracting a plurality of second parameters (hereinafter referred to as a third table) will be described.
- a third table for extracting a plurality of second parameters.
- Equation (95) [koo! /, AO, bO, cOi are the intercepts on the axes of p, q, f [p, q, ⁇ ], respectively.
- Equation (96) [koo! /, A2, b2, c2i are the intercepts on the axes of p, q, f [p, q, ⁇ 2], respectively.
- Equation (95) Equation (96)
- Figure 24 shows an example of the straight lines of Equation (97) and Equation (98). From the simultaneous equations of Eqs. (97) and (98), for example, using the Gaussian elimination method, it is possible to find a solution for the third parameter p and the fourth parameter q.
- the inverse transformation can be performed in the same way even for the force curved surface shown as an example of approximation by a plane.
- the state detection device of this embodiment has one excitation coil and a pair of electrodes, and the configuration except for the signal processing system is the same as that of the state detection device shown in FIG.
- the principle of this embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
- the first extraction method is used as a method for extracting the dK / dt component from the combined vector, and the first parameter not related to the excitation frequency is obtained.
- the first parameter are, for example, the water level and the accumulation of deposits in the measuring tube.
- an excitation current having an angular frequency ⁇ 2 is supplied to the excitation coil 3, and the first parameter is pi.
- the inter-electrode electromotive force El 12 is expressed by the following equation (19), (67), and (75).
- Equation (101) 3 33 components in the combined vector can be extracted using the output difference of different frequency components. Since equation (101) is not related to the magnitude of the flow velocity V, only the components generated by 3 AZ 3 t are present. Using this electromotive force difference EdAl, it is possible to measure the fluid state other than the flow velocity and the state in the measuring tube.
- Cpl rk [pl] -exp (j- ⁇ 00 [ ⁇ 1]), and the remaining part is a constant given by calibration.
- the variation factor Cpl is expressed by the following equation from equation (101).
- the first parameter pi Based on the relationship between the first parameter ⁇ and rk [pl], which has been confirmed in advance by measurement during calibration, or the relationship between the first parameter pi and the angle ⁇ 00 [pl], the first parameter pi Can be requested.
- FIG. 26 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the state detection apparatus of this embodiment, and the same components as those in FIG.
- the state detection device of the present embodiment includes a measuring tube 1, electrodes 2a and 2b, and electrodes 2a and 2b.
- the plane PLN force perpendicular to the direction of the measuring tube axis PAX is also positioned at an offset distance d in the axial direction.
- Excitation coil 3 and power supply unit 4 serve as an excitation unit that applies a magnetic field that is asymmetric and time-varying with respect to plane PLN to the fluid to be measured.
- the state quantification unit 8 obtains the amplitude and phase of two frequency components of the first angular frequency ⁇ 0 and the second angular frequency ⁇ 2 in the combined electromotive force detected by the electrodes 2a and 2b, and these amplitudes. Based on the phase and phase, the electromotive force difference between the two angular frequency components is extracted as a 3 ⁇ 3 t component, and this d AZ dt component depends on the first parameter and has a large variation factor that does not depend on the frequency.
- FIG. 27 is a flowchart showing the operation of the state determination section 8.
- the signal conversion unit 5 obtains the amplitude rl10 of the electromotive force E110 of the component of the angular frequency ⁇ among the electromotive forces between the electrodes 2a and 2b, and the electromotive force between the real axis and the electrodes.
- a phase difference ⁇ 110 from E110 is obtained by a phase detector (not shown) (step 101 in FIG. 27).
- the signal conversion unit 5 obtains the amplitude rl 12 of the electromotive force El 12 of the component of the angular frequency ⁇ 2 among the electromotive forces between the electrodes 2a and 2b, and the real axis And the phase difference ⁇ 112 between the electrode and the electromotive force E112 are obtained by a phase detector (step 102).
- the signal converter 5 generates the real-axis component ElOx and the imaginary-axis component E110 of the interelectrode electromotive force E110.
- y and the real axis component E 112x and the imaginary axis component El 12y of the inter-electrode electromotive force E 112 are calculated as follows (step 103).
- the signal conversion unit 5 After calculating Equations (105) to (108), the signal conversion unit 5 obtains the magnitude and angle of the electromotive force difference EdAl between the interelectrode electromotive forces E110 and E112 (Step 104).
- the process of step 104 is a process corresponding to obtaining the 3 AZ 3 t component, and is a process corresponding to the calculation of equation (101).
- the signal converter 5 calculates the magnitude I EdAl I of the electromotive force difference EdAl as follows:
- EdAl I ⁇ (E110x-E112x) 2 + (E110y-E112y) 2 ⁇ 12
- the signal converter 5 calculates the angle ZEdAl of the electromotive force difference EdAl with respect to the real axis as shown in the following equation.
- step 104 is complete
- finished finished.
- the signal converter 5 calculates the variation factor Cp 1 depending on the first parameter pi from the electromotive force difference EdAl, the magnitude rk [p 1], and the angle 000 [p 1] with respect to the real axis. Calculate according to the formula (Step 105).
- the amplitude bl of the magnetic field ⁇ 1 generated from the exciting coil 3 and the phase difference ⁇ 1 between the magnetic fields B1 and coO't are constants that can be obtained in advance by calibration or the like.
- the state storage unit 6 stores the relationship between the first parameter pi and the variation factor Cpl magnitude rk [pl], or the relationship between the first parameter pi and the variation factor Cpl angle ⁇ 00 [pl]. Are pre-registered in the form of tables.
- the status output unit 7 Based on the magnitude rk [pl] or angle ⁇ 00 [pl] of the variation factor Cpl calculated in the conversion unit 5, the state memory unit 6 is referred to and the first corresponding to rk [pl] or ⁇ 00 [pi] The value of the parameter pi of 1 is calculated (is obtained from the state storage unit 6).
- the state quantification unit 8 performs the processing in steps 101 to 106 as described above at every cycle T until the operator instructs the end of measurement (YES in step 107).
- the processing in steps 102 to 106 is performed in the second excitation state with a duration of T2 seconds.
- the electromotive force difference EdAl (dA / dt component) is extracted from the electromotive forces E110 and E112 between two excited states with different excitation frequencies, and this electromotive force is extracted.
- the difference Ed A1 extract the fluctuation factor Cpl magnitude or phase that depends on the characteristics and state of the fluid or the state in the measurement tube (first parameter pi), and based on the magnitude or phase of this fluctuation factor Cpl. Since the first parameter pi is obtained, the characteristics and state of the fluid or the state in the measuring tube can be detected with high accuracy regardless of the flow velocity of the fluid.
- the configuration excluding the detection unit for the electromotive force E110, E112 between the electrodes is a computer having a CPU, a storage device, and an interface, and these hardware resources. It can be realized by a program to be controlled.
- the ⁇ component can be extracted by E110—EdAl ⁇ ⁇ ( ⁇ 0— ⁇ 2) Z ⁇ 0 ⁇ .
- the calculation of the fluid flow rate with respect to the ⁇ ⁇ component force is a well-known technique for general electromagnetic flowmeters, and can be easily realized by a computer constituting the state quantification unit 8. Therefore, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to detect the characteristics and state of the fluid or the state in the measuring tube using basically the same hardware configuration as the electromagnetic induction type flow meter.
- both the magnitude and angle of the force that should be extracted from either the magnitude rk [pl] or the angle ⁇ 00 [pi] of the variation factor Cpl from the electromotive force difference EdAl are calculated. It is also possible to extract and obtain the first parameter pi. In this case, for example, the more sensitive one of the magnitude rk [pl] and the angle ⁇ 00 [pi] is selected, and the first parameter pi is obtained based on the selected magnitude or angle. That's fine. Thereby, the detection sensitivity can be improved.
- the force angular frequency showing an example in which the excitation frequency is switched between ⁇ and ⁇ 2. If excitation is performed with an excitation current including the ⁇ 0 component and the ⁇ 2 component, it is not necessary to switch the excitation frequency, and the first parameter pi can be obtained at a higher speed.
- a magnetic field represented by the following formula may be used instead of formula (3).
- a deposit state change in inner diameter of the measurement tube
- a capacitively coupled electrode that does not come into contact with the fluid to be measured is adopted as shown in FIG.
- the electrodes 2a and 2b are covered with a lining 10 that also has a ceramic or Teflon isotropic force formed on the inner wall of the measuring tube 1.
- FIG. 28 shows an example of the relationship between the thickness of the deposit 11 (first parameter pi) and the variation factor Cpl size rk [pl]. This relationship is obtained by a theoretical formula at the time of design or measurement at the time of calibration, and is stored in the state storage unit 6. Based on the magnitude rk [pl] of the variation factor Cpl obtained in step 105 of FIG. In step 106, the thickness of the deposit 11 can be determined.
- the state detection device of this embodiment has two excitation coils and a pair of electrodes, and the configuration except for the signal processing system is the same as that of the state detection device shown in FIG.
- the principle of this embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
- the first extraction method is used as a method for extracting the 3 AZ 3 t component from the combined vector, and the first parameter not related to the excitation frequency is obtained.
- the first exciting current with the angular frequency ⁇ ⁇ is supplied to the first exciting coil 3a, and the first exciting current and
- the second excitation current having a phase difference of ⁇ 2+ ⁇ and an angular frequency of ⁇ is supplied to the second excitation coil 3b and the first parameter is p2, 30
- formula (68), formula (75) force It is expressed by the following formula.
- the first excitation current having the angular frequency ⁇ 2 is supplied to the first excitation coil 3a, and the second difference having the phase difference of ⁇ 02+ ⁇ and the angular frequency ⁇ 2 from the first excitation current is supplied.
- the excitation current is supplied to the second excitation coil 3b and the first parameter is p2
- the inter-electrode electromotive force E222R is expressed by the following equation: Equation (30), Equation (70), Equation (75) Is done.
- the plane PLN force including the electrodes 2a and 2b perpendicular to the measurement tube axis PAX and the distance dl to the first excitation coil 3a and the plane PLN force are also the distance d2 to the second excitation coil 3b. If is approximately equal to ⁇ (dl ⁇ d2), then bl ⁇ b2, ⁇ ⁇ 2 0. In this case, equations (114) and (115) are as follows.
- the inter-electrode electromotive forces E220R and E222R are only electromotive forces of 3 ⁇ 3t components, and the calculation error in extracting the dA / dt components can be reduced. This is the difference in technical significance between the present embodiment and the first embodiment. However, the subsequent theoretical development will also proceed with bl ⁇ b2, ⁇ 02 ⁇ ⁇ .
- EdA2 (E220R-E222R)
- Equation (118) the 3 ⁇ 3t component in the combined vector can be extracted using the output difference of the different frequency components. Since equation (118) is not related to the magnitude of the flow velocity V, only the components generated by 3 AZ 3 t are present. Using this electromotive force difference EdA2, it is possible to measure the fluid state other than the flow velocity and the state in the measuring tube.
- the fluctuation factor Cp2 is expressed by the following equation from equation (118).
- m2b ⁇ bl 2 + b2 2 + bl-b2-cos (A ⁇ 2) ⁇ 12
- ⁇ 2b tan _1 [ ⁇ b2-sin (A ⁇ 2) ⁇
- Equation (119) to Equation (121) Force Fluctuation factor
- the magnitude of Cp2 rk [p2] and the angle from the real axis 000 [p2] are expressed by the following equations.
- the first parameter P 2 can be obtained.
- FIG. 30 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the state detection apparatus of the present embodiment, which has the same configuration as FIG. Are given the same reference numerals.
- the state detection apparatus of this embodiment supplies excitation current to the measuring tube 1, the electrodes 2a and 2b, the first and second excitation coils 3a and 3b, and the first and second excitation coils 3a and 3b.
- Power supply unit 4a and state quantification unit 8a are provided.
- the first and second excitation coils 3a, 3b and the power supply unit 4a serve as excitation units that apply a magnetic field that is asymmetric and time-varying with respect to the plane PLN to the fluid to be measured.
- the state quantification unit 8a obtains the amplitude and phase of two frequency components of the first angular frequency ⁇ 0 and the second angular frequency ⁇ 2 in the combined electromotive force detected by the electrodes 2a and 2b, and determines the amplitudes of these two components.
- the difference in electromotive force between two frequency components is extracted as a 3 ⁇ 3 t component based on and phase, and the magnitude of the variation factor that does not depend on the frequency depends on the first parameter from this d AZ dt component or Signal conversion unit 5a that extracts the phase, and state storage unit 6a that stores in advance the magnitude of the variation factor depending on the first parameter or the relationship between the phase and the first parameter (corresponding to the first table described above) And a state output unit 7a for obtaining a first parameter corresponding to the magnitude or phase of the extracted variation factor based on the relationship stored in the state storage unit 6a.
- the distance dl to the plane PLN force first excitation coil 3a is substantially equal to the distance d2 to the plane PLN force 2b to the second excitation coil 3b.
- the operation of the excitation unit is different from that of the first embodiment, but the processing flow of the state quantification unit 8a is the same as that of the first embodiment.
- the operation of 8a will be described.
- the signal conversion unit 5a obtains the amplitude r220R of the electromotive force E220R of the component of the angular frequency ⁇ 0 out of the electromotive force between the electrodes 2a and 2b, and the electromotive force E220R between the real axis and the electrode.
- the phase difference ⁇ 220R is calculated using a phase detector (not shown) (step 101 in Fig. 27).
- the signal converter 5a obtains the amplitude r222R of the electromotive force E222R of the component of the angular frequency ⁇ 2 of the electromotive force between the electrodes 2a and 2b,
- the phase difference ⁇ 222R from the inter-electrode electromotive force E222R is obtained using a phase detector (step 102).
- the signal converter 5a calculates the real axis component E220Rx and the imaginary axis component E 220Ry of the interelectrode electromotive force E220R and the real axis component E222Rx and the imaginary axis component E222Ry of the interelectrode electromotive force E222R as (Step 103).
- the signal conversion unit 5a After calculating Equations (124) to (127), the signal conversion unit 5a obtains the magnitude and angle of the electromotive force difference EdA2 between the interelectrode electromotive forces E220R and E222R (Step 104).
- the process of step 104 is a process corresponding to obtaining the 3 AZ 3 t component, and is a process corresponding to the calculation of equation (118).
- the signal converter 5a calculates the magnitude I EdA2
- the signal converter 5a calculates an angle ZEdA2 of the electromotive force difference EdA2 with respect to the real axis as shown in the following equation.
- ZEdA2 tan _1 ⁇ (E220Ry-E222Ry)
- step 104 The processing in step 104 is completed.
- the signal converter 5a calculates the magnitude rk [p2] of the variation factor Cp2 depending on the first parameter p2 and the angle 0 OO [p2] with respect to the real axis from the electromotive force difference EdA2 as follows: (Step 105).
- M2b, ⁇ 2b (the amplitude bl of the magnetic field ⁇ 1 generated from the first excitation coil 3a and the second excitation
- the amplitude b2 of the magnetic field B2 generated by the magnetic coil 3b force, the phase difference 0 1 between the magnetic field Bl and co O't, and ⁇ 2) are constants that can be obtained in advance by calibration or the like.
- the state storage unit 6a includes the relationship between the first parameter p2 and the magnitude rk [p2] of the variation factor Cp2, or the relationship between the first parameter p2 and the angle Cp2 of the variation factor Cp2 ⁇ 00 [p2]. Are pre-registered in the form of tables.
- the state output unit 7a refers to the state storage unit 6a based on the magnitude rk [p2] or the angle ⁇ 00 [p2] of the variation factor Cp2 calculated by the signal conversion unit 5a.
- the value of the first parameter p2 corresponding to [p2] or ⁇ 00 [p2] is calculated (or obtained from the state storage unit 6a).
- the state quantification unit 8a performs the processing of steps 101 to 106 as described above at every cycle T until the end of measurement is instructed by the operator (YES in step 107), for example.
- the magnetic field B1 having the angular frequency ⁇ is applied from the first exciting coil 3a to the fluid to be measured, and at the same time, the phase difference from the magnetic field B1 is ⁇ 2 + ⁇ ,
- the inter-electrode electromotive force E220R is obtained, and the excitation frequency is set to ⁇ 2 for the first excitation state.
- the inter-electrode electromotive force E222R is obtained, and the electromotive force difference EdA2 (d A / dt component) is extracted from the inter-electrode electromotive forces ⁇ 220R and E222R, and this electromotive force difference EdA2 force Extract the magnitude or phase of the variation factor Cp2 that depends on the characteristics or state of the fluid or the state in the measurement tube (first parameter p2), and then extract the first parameter based on the magnitude or phase of this variation factor Cp2. Since p2 is calculated, there are fluid characteristics and conditions regardless of the fluid flow velocity. Or, the state in the measuring tube can be detected with high accuracy.
- the configuration excluding the detection units for the inter-electrode electromotive forces E220R and E222R controls a computer having a CPU, a storage device, an interface, and hardware resources thereof. It can be realized by a program to do.
- the ⁇ E component can be extracted using, for example, E220R-EdA2- ⁇ ( ⁇ 0 to ⁇ 2) / ⁇ 0 ⁇ .
- ⁇ ⁇ Component force Calculating the flow rate of fluid is a well-known technique for general electromagnetic flowmeters and can be easily realized by a computer constituting the state quantification unit 8a. Therefore, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to detect the characteristics and state of the fluid or the state in the measuring tube using basically the same one-drain configuration as the electromagnetic flow meter. wear.
- the electromotive forces E220R and E222R between the electrodes can be made to have only 3 AZ 3 t component electromotive force.
- the 3 AZ 3 t component can be extracted more effectively, and the calculation error can be reduced as compared with the first embodiment.
- both the magnitude and angle of the force that should be extracted from either the magnitude rk [p2] or the angle ⁇ 00 [p2] of the variation factor Cp2 from the electromotive force difference EdA2 are calculated. It is also possible to extract and obtain the first parameter P2 . In this case, for example, the more sensitive one of the magnitude rk [p2] and the angle ⁇ 00 [p2] is selected, and the first parameter p2 is obtained based on the selected magnitude or angle. That's fine. Thereby, the detection sensitivity can be improved.
- the excitation frequency is switched if excitation is performed with the excitation current including the angular component ⁇ 0 and the ⁇ 2 component, in which the excitation frequency is switched between ⁇ and ⁇ 2.
- the first parameter ⁇ 2 can be obtained at a higher speed.
- the magnetic field represented by the following formula may be used instead of formula (22) and formula (23)! ,.
- the state detection device of the present embodiment an example of detecting the water level or cross-sectional area of a fluid will be described.
- the first exciting coil 3a and the second exciting coil 3b are arranged in the horizontal direction of the measuring tube 1 as shown in FIG. 31 and FIG. 2a is placed at the bottom of measuring tube 1.
- an earth ring (not shown) for setting the potential of the fluid F to the ground potential is provided in the measuring tube 1, and the electromotive force generated on the electrode 2a (ground) If the signal converter 5a detects the potential difference from the potential.
- the state detection device of this embodiment has two excitation coils and a pair of electrodes, and the configuration excluding the signal processing system is the same as that of the state detection device shown in FIG.
- the principle of this embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
- the second extraction method is used as a method for extracting the 3 AZ 3 t component from the combined vector, and the first parameter not related to the excitation frequency is obtained.
- the first excitation current with the angular frequency ⁇ is supplied to the first excitation coil 3a
- the second excitation current with a phase difference of ⁇ ⁇ 2+ ⁇ and an angular frequency of ⁇ is supplied to the first excitation coil 3a.
- the interelectrode electromotive force E320R when supplied to the second exciting coil 3b and the first parameter is p3 is expressed by the following equations (30), (68), and (75).
- Equation (138) the 3 ⁇ 3 t component in the composite vector is extracted using the phase difference between the magnetic field generated from the first excitation coil 3a and the magnetic field generated from the second excitation coil 3b. You can see that you can. Since Equation (138) is not related to the magnitude of the flow velocity V, only the components generated by 3 AZ3t are included. Using this inter-electrode electromotive force EdA3, it becomes possible to measure the state of the fluid other than the flow velocity and the state in the measuring tube.
- equation (120) and equation (121) are applied to equation (139), the magnitude of variation factor Cp3 rk [p3] and the angle from the real axis ⁇ 00 [p3] can be expressed as .
- the state detection apparatus of the present embodiment includes a measuring tube 1, electrodes 2a and 2b, first and second excitation coils 3a and 3b, a power supply unit 4a, and a state quantification unit 8a.
- the state quantification unit 8a extracts the 3 AZ 3 t component by obtaining the amplitude and phase of the composite electromotive force detected by the electrodes 2a and 2b, and the medium force 1 of this 3 AZ 3 t component Depends on the parameters of A signal conversion unit 5a that extracts the magnitude or phase of the variation factor that does not depend on the frequency, and a state storage that stores in advance the relationship between the magnitude or phase of the variation factor that depends on the first parameter and the first parameter.
- a state in which a first meter corresponding to the magnitude or phase of the extracted variation factor is obtained based on the relationship stored in the unit 6a (corresponding to the first table described above) and the state storage unit 6a And an output unit 7a.
- the power supply unit 4a supplies the first excitation current with the angular frequency ⁇ to the first excitation coil 3a, and at the same time, the phase difference from the first excitation current is ⁇ 2 + ⁇ and the angular frequency is A second excitation current of ⁇ ⁇ is supplied to the second excitation coil 3b.
- the phase difference between the magnetic field generated from the first exciting coil 3a and the magnetic field generated from the second exciting coil 3b is approximately ⁇ ( ⁇ 0 2 ⁇ 0).
- FIG. 34 is a flowchart showing the operation of the state determination unit 8a of the present embodiment.
- the signal converter 5a obtains the amplitude r320R of the electromotive force E320 R of the component of the angular frequency ⁇ ⁇ among the electromotive forces between the electrodes 2a and 2b, and the phase difference ⁇ between the real axis and the inter-electrode electromotive force E320R 320R is not shown! It is obtained by a phase detector (step 201 in FIG. 34).
- the signal converter 5a obtains the magnitude and angle of the electromotive force EdA3 that approximates the inter-electrode electromotive force E320R (step 202).
- the process of step 202 is a process corresponding to obtaining the 3 AZ 3 t component, and is a process corresponding to the calculation of Expression (138).
- the signal converter 5a calculates the magnitude of the electromotive force EdA3 that approximates the interelectrode electromotive force E320R
- the signal conversion unit 5a calculates an angle ZEdA3 of the interelectrode electromotive force EdA3 with respect to the real axis as follows.
- step 202 is complete
- finished finished.
- the signal converter 5a determines the magnitude rk [p3] of the variation factor Cp3 that depends on the first parameter p3 and the angle ⁇ 00 [p3] with respect to the real axis from the interelectrode electromotive force EdA3. Calculate as follows (step 203).
- ⁇ 00 [p3] ZEdA3- ⁇ 2b (145) M2b, ⁇ 2b (the amplitude bl of the magnetic field Bl generated from the first excitation coil 3a, the amplitude b2 of the magnetic field B2 generated by the second excitation coil 3b, and the positions of the magnetic field B1 and co O't
- the phase difference 0 1 and ⁇ 2) are constants that can be obtained in advance by calibration or the like.
- the state storage unit 6a includes the relationship between the first parameter p3 and the magnitude rk [p3] of the variation factor Cp3, or the relationship between the first parameter p3 and the angle Cp3 angle ⁇ 00 [p3]. Are pre-registered in the form of tables.
- the state output unit 7a refers to the state storage unit 6a based on the magnitude rk [p3] or the angle ⁇ 00 [p3] of the variation factor Cp3 calculated by the signal conversion unit 5a.
- the value of the first parameter p3 corresponding to [p3] or ⁇ 00 [p3] is calculated (or obtained from the state storage unit 6a).
- the state quantification unit 8a performs the processing of steps 201 to 204 as described above at regular intervals until, for example, the operator instructs the end of measurement (YES in step 205).
- the phase difference between the magnetic field B1 generated from the first excitation coil 3a and the magnetic field B2 generated from the second excitation coil 3b is approximately ⁇ , and the magnetic field B1 and ⁇ 2 If the size is set to be equal, the inter-electrode electromotive force E320R can be extracted approximately as a 3 ⁇ 3 t component, and the fluid characteristics and Extract the magnitude or phase of the variation factor Cp3 that depends on the state or state in the measurement tube (first parameter p3), and obtain the first parameter p3 based on the magnitude or phase of this variation factor Cp3 As a result, the characteristics and state of the fluid or the state in the measuring tube can be accurately detected regardless of the flow velocity of the fluid.
- the configuration excluding the interelectrode electromotive force E 320R detection portion in the state quantification section 8a of the present embodiment can be realized by a computer and a program.
- the first excitation current having the angular frequency ⁇ ⁇ is supplied to the first excitation coil 3a, and the phase difference from the first excitation current is ⁇ 2 and the angular frequency is ⁇ ⁇ Is supplied to the second exciting coil 3b, and if the interelectrode electromotive force E320 when the first parameter is p3 is taken, the interelectrode electromotive force E320 is expressed as b2 in equation (134).
- the soil coefficient is inverted, and the inter-electrode electromotive force E320 can be treated as a vX B component. Therefore, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to detect the characteristics and the state of the fluid or the state in the measuring tube using basically the same noduer configuration as that of the electromagnetic induction type flow meter.
- both the magnitude and the angle are assumed to extract either the magnitude rk [p3] or the angle ⁇ 00 [p3] of the variation factor Cp3 from the interelectrode electromotive force EdA3. It is also possible to extract the first parameter p3. In this case, for example, the more sensitive one of the magnitude rk [p3] and the angle ⁇ 00 [p3] is selected, and the first parameter p3 is obtained based on the selected magnitude or angle. . Thereby, the detection sensitivity can be improved.
- the state detection device of this embodiment has two excitation coils and a pair of electrodes, and the configuration excluding the signal processing system is the same as that of the state detection device shown in FIG.
- the principle of this embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
- the second extraction method is used as a method for extracting the 3 AZ 3 t component from the combined vector, and the second parameter having a frequency characteristic as a variation factor is obtained.
- the second parameter include fluid impedance, fluid conductivity, and dielectric constant.
- a first excitation current with an angular frequency ⁇ is supplied to the first excitation coil 3a
- a second excitation current with a phase difference of ⁇ ⁇ 2+ ⁇ and an angular frequency of ⁇ is supplied to the first excitation coil 3a.
- the interelectrode electromotive force E420R when supplied to the second exciting coil 3b and the second parameter is p4 is expressed by the following equations (30), (78), and (79).
- EdA40 rk [p4, ⁇ ] ⁇ ⁇ ( ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 00 [ ⁇ 4, ⁇ ])
- the first excitation current having the angular frequency ⁇ 2 is supplied to the first excitation coil 3a, and the second difference having a phase difference of ⁇ 02+ ⁇ and the angular frequency ⁇ 2 from the first excitation current is supplied.
- the second excitation coil 3b is supplied to the second excitation coil 3b and the second parameter is p4
- the inter-electrode electromotive force E422R is given by the following equations (30), (81), (82) expressed.
- EdA42 rk [p4, W 2] -exp (j- ⁇ 00 [ ⁇ 4, ⁇ 2])
- Equation (150) and Equation (154) the 3 ⁇ 3 t component in the composite vector is the position of the magnetic field generated from the first excitation coil 3a and the magnetic field generated from the second excitation coil 3b. Using phase difference It can be extracted. Since Equations (150) and (154) are not related to the magnitude of flow velocity V, only the components generated by d / dt are present. If this is used, it is possible to measure the state of the fluid other than the flow velocity and the state in the measuring tube.
- equation (120) and equation (121) are applied to equation (155), the magnitude rk [p4, ⁇ 0] of the fluctuation factor Cp40 and the angle from the real axis ⁇ 00 [ ⁇ 4, ⁇ ] It is expressed by a formula.
- equation (120) and equation (121) are applied to equation (156), the magnitude rk [p4, ⁇ 2] of the fluctuation factor Cp42 and the angle ⁇ 00 [ ⁇ 4, ⁇ 2] of the actual axial force are expressed.
- the relationship between the second parameter p4 and (rk [p4, ⁇ 2] / rk [ ⁇ 4, ⁇ 0]), which have been confirmed in advance by measurement during calibration, or the second parameter p4 and (000 [p4 , ⁇ 2] - ⁇ 00 [ ⁇ 4, ⁇ 0]), the second parameter ⁇ 4 can be obtained.
- the state detection apparatus of the present embodiment includes a measuring tube 1, electrodes 2a and 2b, first and second excitation coils 3a and 3b, a power supply unit 4a, and a state quantification unit 8a.
- the state quantification section 8a obtains the amplitude and phase of two frequency components of the first angular frequency ⁇ and the second angular frequency ⁇ 2 in the combined electromotive force detected by the electrodes 2a and 2b.
- Specific power of the signal conversion unit 5a that extracts the magnitude or phase of the ratio of variation factors depending on the second parameter and frequency, and the relationship between the magnitude or phase of the variation factor ratio and the second parameter Based on the relationship stored in the state storage unit 6a (corresponding to the second table described above) and the state storage unit 6a.
- a state output unit 7a for obtaining the second parameter.
- the power supply unit 4a supplies the first excitation current having the first angular frequency ⁇ to the first excitation coil 3a, and at the same time, the phase difference from the first excitation current is ⁇ 2+ ⁇
- the first excitation state in which the second excitation current having the frequency ⁇ is supplied to the second excitation coil 3b is continued for T1 seconds.
- the phase difference between the magnetic field generated from the first excitation coil 3a and the magnetic field generated from the second excitation coil 3b is approximately ⁇ in both the first excitation state and the second excitation state ( ⁇ 2 ⁇ 0) .
- FIG. 35 is a flowchart showing the operation of the state quantification unit 8a of the present embodiment.
- the signal conversion unit 5a obtains the amplitude r420R of the electromotive force E420R of the component of the angular frequency ⁇ 0 among the electromotive forces between the electrodes 2a and 2b, and the electromotive force between the real axis and the electrodes.
- the signal converter 5a obtains the amplitude r422R of the electromotive force E422R of the component of the angular frequency ⁇ 2 of the electromotive force between the electrodes 2a and 2b,
- the phase difference ⁇ 422R from the inter-electrode electromotive force E422R is obtained by a phase detector (step 302).
- the signal converter 5a calculates the magnitude I EdA40 I of the electromotive force EdA40 approximating the interelectrode electromotive force E420R and the angle ZEdA40 with respect to the real axis as in the following equation (step 303).
- the signal converter 5a has a magnitude of the electromotive force EdA42 that approximates the interelectrode electromotive force E422R.
- I EdA42 Calculate the angle ZEdA42 with respect to I and the real axis as follows (step 304)
- steps 303 and 304 is processing corresponding to obtaining 3 AZ 3 components, and is processing corresponding to the calculation of Expression (150) and Expression (154).
- the signal conversion unit 5a extracts the variation factor Cp40 in which the intermediate force of the interelectrode electromotive force EdA40 also depends on the second parameter p4, and the second parameter p4 from the interelectrode electromotive force EdA42.
- the variable factor Cp42 depending on the ratio is extracted and the ratio of the variable factors Cp42 and Cp40 is Cn4 Determine the size and angle of (step 305).
- the signal conversion unit 5a calculates the magnitude of the ratio Cn4 (rk [p4, co2] Zrk [p4, ⁇ ]) as shown in the following equation.
- the signal conversion unit 5a calculates the angle of the ratio Cn4 with respect to the real axis (000 [ ⁇ 4, ⁇ 2] - ⁇ 00 [ ⁇ 4, ⁇ ]) as follows.
- step 305 is complete
- finished finished.
- the state storage unit 6a stores the relationship between the second parameter p4 and the size of the ratio Cn4 (rk [p4, co2] Zrk [p4, ⁇ ]), or the angle between the second parameter ⁇ 4 and the ratio Cn4.
- the relationship with ( ⁇ 00 [ ⁇ 4, ⁇ 2]- ⁇ 00 [ ⁇ 4, ⁇ ]) is registered in advance in the form of an equation or a table.
- step 306 the state output unit 7a compares the size of the ratio Cn4 calculated by the signal conversion unit 5a (rk [p4, co2] / rk [p4, 0> 0]) and [angle (000 [4, ⁇ 2 ]- ⁇ 00 [ ⁇ 4, ⁇ ]), refer to the state storage unit 6a and refer to rk [p4, co2] Zrk [p4, ⁇ ]) or (000 [ ⁇ 4, ⁇ 2]- ⁇ 00 [ ⁇ 4, ⁇ ]) Is calculated (or obtained from the state storage unit 6a).
- the state quantification unit 8a performs the processing in steps 301 to 306 as described above for each cycle T until the operator instructs the end of measurement (YES in step 307).
- the processing in steps 302 to 306 is performed in the second excitation state with a duration of T2 seconds.
- the phase difference between the magnetic field B1 generated from the first exciting coil 3a and the magnetic field B2 generated from the second exciting coil 3b is approximately ⁇ , and the magnetic fields B1 and ⁇ 2 If the magnitudes are set to be equal, the inter-electrode electromotive forces E420R and E422R can be extracted approximately as 3 ⁇ 3 t components when the excitation angular frequencies are ⁇ and ⁇ 2, respectively. Extract the variation factors Cp40 and Cp42 depending on the characteristics and state of the fluid or the state in the measurement tube (second parameter p4), respectively, and extract the large ratio of the variation factors Cp42 and Cp40. Or based on the phase! /, To find the second parameter p4 Therefore, it is possible to detect the characteristics and state of the fluid or the state in the measuring tube with high accuracy regardless of the flow velocity of the fluid.
- the configuration of the state quantification section 8a of the present embodiment excluding the interelectrode electromotive force E420R, E422R detection section is realized by a computer and a program. You can.
- a first excitation current having an angular frequency ⁇ is supplied to the first excitation coil 3a, and a second difference having a phase difference from the first excitation current of ⁇ 2 and an angular frequency of ⁇ is provided.
- the interelectrode electromotive force E420 is obtained when the second parameter is p4
- the interelectrode electromotive force E420 is calculated according to b2 in equation (146).
- the inter-electrode electromotive force E420 can be treated almost as a vXB component. Therefore, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to detect the characteristics and state of the fluid or the state in the measuring tube using basically the same hardware configuration as that of the electromagnetic induction type flow meter.
- the magnitude (rk [p4, co2] Zrk [p4, ⁇ ]) or angle (0 ⁇ [ ⁇ 4, ⁇ 2]- ⁇ 00 [ ⁇ 4, ⁇ ]) of the variation factor ratio Cn4 One of them should be extracted, but it is also possible to extract both the size and the angle to obtain the second parameter ⁇ 4.
- the second parameter ⁇ 4 may be obtained based on the selected size or angle. Thereby, the detection sensitivity can be improved.
- the second parameter ⁇ 4 can be obtained at higher speed.
- the magnetic fields represented by the equations (132) and (133) may be used instead of the equations (22) and (23).
- the state detection device of this embodiment has two excitation coils and a pair of electrodes, and the configuration excluding the signal processing system is the same as that of the state detection device shown in FIG.
- the principle of this embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
- the second extraction method is used as a method for extracting the 3 AZ 3 t component from the combined vector, and a plurality of second parameters whose fluctuation factors have frequency characteristics are obtained.
- an example of obtaining the values of two second parameters is shown. Of the two second parameters, one is the third parameter and the other is the fourth parameter.
- the first excitation current with the angular frequency ⁇ ⁇ is supplied to the first excitation coil 3a, and the second excitation with the phase difference from the first excitation current of ⁇ ⁇ 2+ ⁇ and the angular frequency ⁇ ⁇
- the inter-electrode electromotive force E52 OR is given by Equation (30), Equation (85), Equation (86 ) Is expressed by the following equation.
- E520R rk [p5, q5, ⁇ ]
- EdA50 rk [p5, q5, ⁇ ] ⁇ ⁇ ( ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 00 [ ⁇ 5, q5, ⁇ ])
- the first excitation current having the angular frequency ⁇ 2 is supplied to the first excitation coil 3a, and the second difference having the phase difference of ⁇ 02+ ⁇ and the angular frequency ⁇ 2 from the first excitation current is supplied.
- the inter-electrode electromotive force E522R when the third parameter is p5 and the fourth parameter is q5 is E22R, Eq. (30), Eq. (88), Eq. From (89), it is expressed by the following equation.
- equation (152) is established in the interelectrode electromotive force E522R of equation (181).
- the electromotive force that approximates the interelectrode electromotive force E522R of the equation (181) using the condition of the equation (152) is EdA52
- the interelectrode electromotive force EdA52 is expressed by the following equation.
- EdA52 rk [p5, q5, ⁇ 2] ⁇ ⁇ ( ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 00 [ ⁇ 5, q5, ⁇ 2])
- Equation (180) and Equation (183) the 3 ⁇ 3 t component in the composite vector is the position of the magnetic field generated from the first excitation coil 3a and the magnetic field generated from the second excitation coil 3b. It can be seen that the phase difference can be used for extraction. Since Formula (180) and Formula (183) are not related to the magnitude of the flow velocity V, only the component generated by dA / dt is used, and if this is used, the state of the fluid other than the flow velocity and the state in the measurement tube are measured. It becomes possible.
- Equation (180) if the variation factor due to the third and fourth parameters is Cpq50, Cpq50
- Cpq52 be the variation factor due to the third and fourth parameters in equation (183).
- C pq52 rk [p5, q5, ⁇ 2] ⁇ ⁇ (] ⁇ ⁇ 00 [ ⁇ 5, q5, ⁇ 2]
- the remaining part is a constant given by calibration.
- the fluctuation factor Cpq52 is expressed by the following equation from equation (183).
- Cpq52 EdA52 / [exp ⁇ j-( ⁇ / 2 + ⁇ 1) ⁇
- equation (120) and equation (121) are applied to equation (184), the magnitude of variation factor Cpq50 rk [p5, q 5, ⁇ ] and the angle from the real axis 0OO [p5, q5, ⁇ ] Is represented by the following formula.
- equation (120) and equation (121) are applied to equation (185), the angle between the magnitude of variation factor Cpq52 rk [p5, q5, ⁇ 2] and the actual axial force 0OO [p5, q5 , ⁇ 2] is expressed by the following equation.
- the state detection apparatus of the present embodiment includes a measuring tube 1, electrodes 2a and 2b, first and second excitation coils 3a and 3b, a power supply unit 4a, and a state quantification unit 8a.
- the state quantification unit 8a obtains 3 AZ 3 t components for each of the plurality of frequency components by obtaining the amplitude and phase of the plurality of frequency components of the composite electromotive force detected by the electrodes 2a and 2b.
- Each of the plurality of frequency components, and the signal conversion unit 5a for extracting the magnitude or phase of the variation factor depending on the plurality of second parameters and the frequency from each of the extracted 3 AZ 3 t components Based on the relationship stored in the state storage unit 6a and the state storage unit 6a (corresponding to the above-mentioned third table) that stores in advance the relationship between the magnitude or phase of the fluctuation factor in FIG.
- the state output unit 7a calculates a plurality of second parameters corresponding to the magnitude or phase of the extracted variation factor.
- FIG. 39 is a flowchart showing the operation of the state quantification unit 8a of this embodiment.
- the signal conversion unit 5a obtains the amplitude r520R of the electromotive force E520R of the component of the angular frequency ⁇ among the electromotive forces between the electrodes 2a and 2b in the first excitation state where the excitation angular frequency is ⁇ .
- the phase difference ⁇ 520R between the shaft and the electromotive force E520R between the electrodes is obtained by a phase detector (not shown) (step 401 in FIG. 39).
- the signal conversion unit 5a calculates the amplitude r522R of the electromotive force E522R of the component of the angular frequency ⁇ 2 among the electromotive forces between the electrodes 2a and 2b.
- the phase difference ⁇ 522R between the real axis and the inter-electrode electromotive force E522R is obtained by the phase detector (step 402).
- the signal converter 5a calculates the magnitude I EdA50 I of the electromotive force EdA50 approximating the interelectrode electromotive force E520R and the angle ZEdA50 with respect to the real axis as shown in the following equation (Step 403).
- the signal converter 5a calculates the magnitude I EdA52 I of the electromotive force EdA52 approximating the interelectrode electromotive force E522R and the angle ZEdA52 with respect to the real axis as shown in the following equation (step 404).
- Steps 403 and 404 is processing corresponding to obtaining 3 AZ 3 components, and processing corresponding to calculation of Expression (180) and Expression (183).
- the signal converter 5a determines the magnitude of the variation factor Cpq50 depending on the third parameter p5 and the fourth parameter q5 from the interelectrode electromotive force EdA50 rk [p5, q5, ⁇ ] And the angle 0OO [p5, q5, ⁇ ] to the real axis is calculated as follows (step 405).
- the signal conversion unit 5a determines the magnitude of the variation factor Cpq52 depending on the third parameter p5 and the fourth parameter q5 from the interelectrode electromotive force EdA52 rk [p5, q5, ⁇ 2] And the angle 0OO [p5, q5, ⁇ 2] with respect to the real axis is calculated as follows (step 406).
- m2b, ⁇ 2b (the amplitude bl of the magnetic field ⁇ 1 generated from the first excitation coil 3a, the amplitude b2 of the magnetic field B2 generated by the second excitation coil 3b, and the phase difference between the magnetic field B1 and coO't 01 and ⁇ 2) are constants that can be obtained in advance by calibration or the like.
- the state storage unit 6a includes the third parameter p5, the fourth parameter q5, and the magnitudes of variation factors Cpq 50 and Cpq52 rk [p5, q5, ⁇ ], rk [p5, q5, ⁇ 2] and Or the relationship between the noramometers p5, q5 and the fluctuation factors Cpq50, Cpq52 angles 000 [p5, q5, ⁇ ], ⁇ 00 [ ⁇ 5, q5, ⁇ 2] in the form of mathematical formulas and tables. ing.
- the state output unit 7a includes the magnitudes rk [p5, q5, ⁇ ], rk [p5, q5, ⁇ 2] or angles 000 [p5, q5 of the fluctuation factors Cpq50 and Cpq52 calculated by the signal conversion unit 5a. , ⁇ ], ⁇ 00 [ ⁇ 5, q 5, ⁇ 2], referring to the state storage unit 6a, the size rk [p5, q5, ⁇ ], rk [p5, q5, ⁇ 2] or the angle 0OO [p5, q5, ⁇ ], ⁇ 00 [p5, q5, ⁇ 2]
- the values of data p5 and fourth parameter q5 are calculated (step 407).
- the state quantification unit 8a performs the processing in steps 401 to 407 as described above at every cycle T until the operator instructs the end of measurement (YES in step 408).
- the processing in steps 402 to 407 is performed in the second excitation state with a duration of T2 seconds.
- the phase difference between the magnetic field B1 generated from the first exciting coil 3a and the magnetic field B2 generated from the second exciting coil 3b is approximately ⁇ , and the magnetic fields B1 and ⁇ 2
- the inter-electrode electromotive forces E520R and E522R can be approximately extracted as 3 ⁇ 3 t components when the excitation angular frequencies are ⁇ and ⁇ 2, respectively.
- Fluctuation factors Cpq50 and Cpq52 are extracted by extracting the variable factors Cpq50 and Cpq52 depending on the characteristics and state of the two extracted 3 AZ 3 component forces or the state in the measuring tube (third parameter p5 and fourth parameter q5).
- the third norm p5 and the fourth parameter q5 are calculated based on the magnitude or phase of Cpq52, the characteristics and state of the fluid or the state in the measuring tube can be detected accurately regardless of the fluid flow velocity. be able to.
- the configuration of the state determination unit 8a of the present embodiment excluding the detection units for the electromotive forces E520R, E522R is realized by a computer and a program. You can.
- a first excitation current having an angular frequency ⁇ ⁇ is supplied to the first excitation coil 3a, and the phase difference from the first excitation current is ⁇ 2 and the angular frequency is ⁇ ⁇ .
- the interelectrode electromotive force E520 when the third parameter is p5 and the fourth parameter is q5, the interelectrode electromotive force E520 Is obtained by inverting the soil coefficient related to b2 in Eq. (178), and the inter-electrode electromotive force E520 can be treated almost as a VXB component. Therefore, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to detect the characteristics and state of the fluid or the state in the measurement tube by using the same software configuration as that of the electromagnetic induction type flow meter.
- the magnitudes of the fluctuation factors Cpq50, Cpq52 are rk [p5, q5, ⁇ ⁇ ], rk [p5, q5, ⁇ 2], and the angle is 0 OO [p5, q5, ⁇ ⁇ ], ⁇ 00 [ ⁇ 5, q5, ⁇ 2]! /, it is sufficient to extract the displacement force, but both the size and angle are extracted to obtain the third parameter ⁇ 5 and the fourth parameter q5 It is also possible.
- the third parameter ⁇ 5 and the fourth parameter q5 can be obtained.
- the detection sensitivity can be improved.
- the excitation frequency needs to be switched.
- the parameters p5 and q5 can be obtained at higher speed.
- the magnetic fields represented by the equations (132) and (133) may be used instead of the equations (22) and (23).
- the state detection device of the present embodiment an example of detecting a resistance component and a capacitance component of fluid impedance will be described.
- the electromotive force that can be extracted from the electrodes 2a and 2b is Ee2 [ ⁇ ]
- the potential that can be extracted when the input impedance is infinite Eel [ ⁇ ].
- the following relationship holds between the electromotive forces Ee2 [co] and Eel [co].
- Equations (194) to (197) Force fluctuation factor Cpq50, Cpq52 magnitude rk [p5, q 5, ⁇ ], rk [p5, q5, ⁇ 2] and angle 000 [p5, q5, ⁇ ], ⁇ 00 [ ⁇ 5, q5, ⁇ 2] can be obtained.
- Ee2 [ ⁇ ] ZEel [ ⁇ ] Zf / (Zin + Zf) The following equation is obtained from rk [Rf, Cf, ⁇ ] ⁇ ⁇ ( ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 00 [Rf, Cf, ⁇ ])
- the parameter of the magnitude of the fluctuation factor Cpq50 in the excitation angular frequency ⁇ ⁇ , rk [p5, q5, ⁇ ⁇ ], and the equation of the curved surface in FIG. Candidates for solutions of p5 and q5 are obtained as curves, and the value of the variation factor Cpq52 at the excitation angular frequency ⁇ 2 and the value of rk [p5, q5, ⁇ 2] and the state storage unit 6a shown in FIG. Since the solution candidates for parameters p5 and q5 are obtained as curves from the surface equation, the intersection of the solution candidate obtained from the surface equation in Fig. 41 and the solution candidate obtained from the surface equation in Fig. 42 is the parameter. This is the solution of p5 and q5.
- Figure 45 shows an example of the straight lines in equations (205) and (206).
- the state detection device of this embodiment has one excitation coil and two pairs of electrodes, and the configuration excluding the signal processing system is the same as that of the state detection device shown in FIG.
- the principle of the present embodiment will be described using the reference numerals.
- the first extraction method is used as a method for extracting the 3 AZ 3 component from the combined vector, and the first parameter not related to the excitation frequency is obtained.
- the excitation current of angular frequency ⁇ is supplied to excitation coil 3, and the first inter-electrode electromotive force between electrodes 2a and 2b and the second between electrodes 2c and 2d when the first parameter is ⁇ 6.
- the difference from the electromotive force between the electrodes, E630d, is expressed by the following equation (54), (68), and (75).
- the distance d3 from the plane PLN3 including the axis of the exciting coil 3 to the electrode axis EAX 1 connecting the electrodes 2a and 2b and the distance d4 from the plane PLN3 to the electrode axis EAX2 connecting the electrodes 2c and 2d and are substantially equal (d3 d4), b3 b4 and ⁇ 04 0 are obtained.
- equations (207) and (208) are as follows.
- the electromotive force difference E630d, E632d is an electromotive force of only the ddt component, It is possible to reduce the calculation error when extracting the dA / dt component. This is the difference in technical significance between the present embodiment and the first embodiment. However, the subsequent theoretical development will also proceed with b3 ⁇ b4 and ⁇ 04 ⁇ 0.
- Equation (211) the 3 ⁇ 3t component in the combined vector can be extracted using the output difference of the different frequency components. Since equation (211) is not related to the magnitude V of the flow velocity, only the component generated by 3 AZ 3 t is present. Using this difference EdA6, it becomes possible to measure the state of the fluid other than the flow velocity and the state in the measuring tube.
- m3b ⁇ b3 2 + b4 2 + b3-b4-cos ( ⁇ 4) ⁇ 12
- ⁇ 3b tan _1 [ ⁇ b4-sin (A ⁇ 4) ⁇
- FIG. 46 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the state detection apparatus according to the present embodiment.
- the same components as those in FIG. 13 are denoted by the same reference numerals.
- the state detection apparatus of the present embodiment includes a measurement tube 1, first electrodes 2a and 2b, second electrodes 2c and 2d, an excitation coil 3, a power supply unit 4b, and a state quantification unit 8b. .
- the state quantification unit 8b determines the amplitude for each of the first combined electromotive force detected by the first electrodes 2a and 2b and the second combined electromotive force detected by the second electrodes 2c and 2d. And the difference in electromotive force of the same frequency component of the first combined electromotive force and the second combined electromotive force based on the amplitude and phase of the first angular frequency ⁇ ⁇ and the second angular frequency ⁇ 2 The difference between the electromotive force difference at the first angular frequency ⁇ 0 and the electromotive force difference at the second angular frequency ⁇ 2 is extracted as a d A / dt component.
- the signal converter 5b that extracts the magnitude or phase of the variation factor that depends on the first parameter and does not depend on the frequency, and the relationship between the magnitude or phase of the variation factor that depends on the first parameter and the first parameter Is stored in the state storage unit 6b (corresponding to the first table described above) and the state storage unit 6b. Based on the engagement, composed of a first state output unit 7b for obtaining a parameter corresponding to the magnitude or phase of the extracted variables.
- FIG. 47 is a flowchart showing the operation of the state quantification section 8b.
- the signal conversion unit 5b includes the electromotive force of the component having the angular frequency ⁇ 0 among the first inter-electrode electromotive force between the electrodes 2a and 2b and the second electrode between the electrodes 2c and 2d.
- the difference between the electromotive force of the interphase electromotive force and the component with the angular frequency ⁇ 0 is obtained as well as the amplitude r630d of the E630d, and the phase difference ⁇ 630d between the real axis and the electromotive force difference E630d is obtained using a phase detector (not shown) (Fig. 47).
- Step 501 the phase detector
- the signal conversion unit 5b includes the first inter-electrode electromotive force in the second excitation state. Difference between the electromotive force of the component of angular frequency ⁇ 2 and the electromotive force of the component of the second electrode among the second electrode electromotive force The amplitude r632d of E632d is obtained, and the phase difference between the real axis and the electromotive force difference E632d ⁇ 632d is obtained by a phase detector (step 502).
- the signal conversion unit 5b calculates the real axis component E630dx and the imaginary axis component E630d y of the electromotive force difference E630d, and the real axis component E632dx and the imaginary axis component E632dy of the electromotive force difference E632d as follows: (Step 503).
- the signal converter 5b After calculating Equations (217) to (220), the signal converter 5b obtains the magnitude and angle of the difference EdA6 between the electromotive force differences E630d and E632d (Step 504).
- the process of step 504 is a process corresponding to obtaining the 3 AZ 3 t component, and is a process corresponding to the calculation of Expression (211).
- the signal converter 5b calculates the magnitude I EdA6
- the signal converter 5 calculates the angle ZEdA6 of the difference EdA6 with respect to the real axis as shown in the following equation.
- ZEdA6 tan _1 ⁇ (E630dy-E632dy)
- step 504 ends.
- the signal converter 5b calculates, from the difference EdA6, the magnitude rk [p6] of the variation factor Cp6 depending on the first parameter p6 and the angle ⁇ 00 [p6] with respect to the real axis as follows: Yes (Step 505).
- m3b, ⁇ 3b (magnitude b3, b4 of magnetic field ⁇ 3, B4 generated by excitation coinore 3 force, phase difference 0 3 between magnetic field B3 and co O't, and ⁇ 0 4) are determined in advance by calibration, etc. It is a constant that can be obtained.
- the state storage unit 6b includes a relationship between the first parameter p6 and the magnitude rk [p6] of the variation factor Cp6, or a relationship between the first parameter p6 and the angle Cp6 angle ⁇ 00 [p6]. Are pre-registered in the form of tables.
- the state output unit 7b refers to the state storage unit 6b based on the magnitude rk [p6] or the angle ⁇ 00 [p6] of the variation factor Cp6 calculated by the signal conversion unit 5b.
- the value of the first parameter p6 corresponding to [p6] or ⁇ 00 [p6] is calculated (or obtained from the state storage unit 6).
- the state quantification unit 8b performs the processing in steps 501 to 506 as described above for each cycle T until the operator instructs to end the measurement (YES in step 507).
- the processing in steps 502 to 506 is performed in the second excitation state with a duration of T2 seconds.
- the configuration of the state quantification unit 8b of the present embodiment excluding the detection unit for the electromotive force difference E630d, E632d, controls the CPU, the computer having the storage device and the interface, and these hardware resources. It can be realized by a program to do.
- the ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ component can be extracted by E630d-EdA6 ⁇ ⁇ ( ⁇ 0 ⁇ 2) Z ⁇ 0 ⁇ .
- ⁇ ⁇ Component force Calculating the flow rate of fluid is a technique known to ordinary electromagnetic flowmeters, and can be easily realized by a computer constituting the state quantification unit 8b.
- the present embodiment it is possible to detect the characteristics and state of the fluid or the state in the measuring tube using basically the same hardware configuration as the electromagnetic induction type flow meter.
- the distance d3 from the plane PLN3 including the axis of the exciting coil 3 to the first electrodes 2a and 2b and the distance d4 from the plane PLN3 to the second electrodes 2c and 2d are adjusted.
- the electromotive force difference E630d, E632d can be made to be only the electromotive force of the 3 AZ 3 t component.
- the 3 AZ 3 t component can be extracted more effectively, and the calculation error can be reduced as compared with the first embodiment.
- the first parameter p6 is obtained based on the selected magnitude or angle by selecting, for example, the better one of the magnitude rk [p6] and the angle ⁇ 00 [p6]. do it. Thereby, the detection sensitivity can be improved.
- the excitation frequency is switched if excitation is performed with the excitation current including the component of the angular force ⁇ 0 and the component of ⁇ 2, in which the excitation frequency is switched between ⁇ ⁇ and ⁇ 2.
- the first parameter ⁇ 6 can be determined at a higher speed. For example, instead of Equation (41) and Equation (42), the magnetic field represented by the following equation can be used! ,.
- B3 b3-cos (co O -t— ⁇ 3) + b3-cos ( ⁇ 2 -t- ⁇ 3)
- the electromotive force difference 630630d, E632d is extracted from the first electrode electromotive force and the second electrode electromotive force, and the difference between the electromotive force difference E630d and E632d is expressed as d A
- the force extracted as the / dt component is not limited to this.
- the sum of the electromotive forces of the first electrode and the second electrode is extracted for each of the excitation angular frequencies ⁇ ⁇ and ⁇ 2.
- the difference between the two electromotive force sums may be extracted as a 3 ⁇ 3 t component.
- the exciting coil 3 is arranged in the horizontal direction of the measuring tube 1 and the electrodes 2a and 2c are arranged below the measuring tube 1 as shown in FIGS. Deploy.
- the potential of the fluid F is set to An earth ring (not shown) for setting the ground potential is provided in the measuring tube 1.
- the potential difference between the electrode 2a and the ground potential is defined as the first electromotive force
- the potential difference between the electrode 2c and the ground potential is defined as the first potential. What is necessary is just to detect with the signal conversion part 5b as electromotive force of 2 electrodes.
- FIG. 50 shows an example of the relationship between the water level h or cross-sectional area S (first parameter p6) of fluid F and the magnitude rk [p6] of the variation factor Cp6. Since the relationship in FIG. 50 varies depending on the shape of the measuring tube 1, etc., this relationship can be obtained in step 505 by obtaining the relationship by a theoretical formula at the time of design or by measurement at the time of calibration and storing it in the state storage unit 6b. Based on the magnitude rk [p6] of the variation factor Cp6, the water level h or cross-sectional area S of fluid F can be obtained in step 506
- the state detection device of this embodiment has one excitation coil and two pairs of electrodes, and the configuration excluding the signal processing system is the same as that of the state detection device shown in FIG.
- the principle of this embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
- the second extraction method is used as a method for extracting the 3 AZ 3 t component from the combined vector, and the first parameter not related to the excitation frequency is obtained.
- An excitation current having an angular frequency ⁇ ⁇ is supplied to the excitation coil 3, and the first inter-electrode electromotive force between the electrodes 2a and 2b and the second between the electrodes 2c and 2d when the first parameter is ⁇ 7.
- the difference E730d from the inter-electrode electromotive force is expressed by the following equation (54), (68), and (75).
- E730d rk [p7] -exp ⁇ j-( ⁇ 3+ ⁇ 00 [p7]) ⁇
- EdA7 rk [p7] -exp (j- ⁇ 00 [p7])
- Equation (231) the 3 3 t component in the composite vector can be extracted using the difference in the electromotive force between the electrodes. Since Equation (231) is not related to the magnitude of the flow velocity V, only the component generated by 3 A / dt is obtained. Using this electromotive force difference EdA7, it becomes possible to measure the state of the fluid other than the flow velocity and the state in the measuring tube.
- the first parameter P 7 can be obtained from the relationship between the first parameter P 7 and the angle ⁇ 00 [p7].
- the state detection apparatus of the present embodiment includes a measurement tube 1, first electrodes 2a and 2b, second electrodes 2c and 2d, an excitation coil 3, a power supply unit 4b, and a state quantification unit 8b. .
- the state quantification unit 8b determines the amplitude for each of the first combined electromotive force detected by the first electrodes 2a and 2b and the second combined electromotive force detected by the second electrodes 2c and 2d. And the 3 AZ dt component is extracted from the electromotive force difference between the first combined electromotive force and the second combined electromotive force based on these amplitudes and phases, and the 3 AZ 3 t component is extracted from the 3 AZ 3 t components.
- the signal converter 5b that extracts the magnitude or phase of the fluctuation factor that depends on the parameter 1 and does not depend on the frequency, and the magnitude or phase of the fluctuation factor that depends on the first parameter and the first parameter. Based on the relationship stored in the state storage unit 6b (corresponding to the first table described above) that stores the relationship in advance and the relationship stored in the state storage unit 6b, And a state output unit 7b for obtaining 1 parameter.
- FIG. 51 is a flowchart showing the operation of the state determination section 8b of the present embodiment.
- the signal conversion unit 5b generates an angular frequency of the electromotive force of the component of the angular frequency ⁇ of the first interelectrode electromotive force between the electrodes 2a and 2b and the second interelectrode electromotive force of the electrodes 2c and 2d.
- the difference r730d of the difference E730d from the electromotive force of the component of ⁇ is obtained, and the phase difference ⁇ 730d between the real axis and the electromotive force difference E730d is obtained by a phase detector not shown (step 601 in FIG. 51).
- the signal conversion unit 5b obtains the magnitude and angle of the electromotive force difference EdA7 that approximates the electromotive force difference E730d (step 602).
- the process of step 602 is a process corresponding to obtaining the d A / dt component, and is a process corresponding to the calculation of equation (231).
- the signal conversion unit 5b calculates the magnitude I EdA7 I of the electromotive force difference EdA7 as follows.
- step 602 is complete
- the signal conversion unit 5b calculates the magnitude rk [p7] of the variation factor Cp7 depending on the first parameter p7 and the angle ⁇ 00 [p7] with respect to the real axis from the electromotive force difference EdA7. Calculate as shown in the equation (step 603).
- m3b, ⁇ 3b (magnitude b3, b4 of magnetic field ⁇ 3, B4 generated by excitation coinore 3 force, phase difference 0 3 between magnetic field B3 and co O't, and ⁇ 0 4) are determined in advance by calibration, etc. It is a constant that can be obtained.
- the state storage unit 6b includes the relationship between the first parameter p7 and the magnitude rk [p7] of the variation factor Cp7, or the relationship between the first parameter p7 and the variation factor Cp7 angle ⁇ 00 [p7]. Are pre-registered in the form of tables.
- the state output unit 7b refers to the state storage unit 6b based on the magnitude rk [p7] or the angle ⁇ 00 [p7] of the variation factor Cp7 calculated by the signal conversion unit 5b.
- the value of the first parameter p7 corresponding to [p7] or ⁇ 00 [p7] is calculated (or obtained from the state storage unit 6b).
- the state quantification unit 8b performs the processing in steps 601 to 604 as described above at regular intervals until the operator instructs the end of measurement (YES in step 605).
- the electromotive force difference E730d is approximately 3 AZ 3 t component. Focusing on the ability to extract, extract the size or phase of the variable Cp7 that depends on the characteristics and state of the fluid or the state in the measuring tube (first parameter p7) from the approximately extracted 3 AZ 3 t component Therefore, the first parameter p7 can be obtained based on the magnitude or phase of the fluctuation factor Cp7, so that the characteristics and state of the fluid or the state in the measurement tube can be accurately detected regardless of the flow velocity of the fluid. can do.
- the configuration excluding the detection portion of the electromotive force difference E730d in the state determination section 8b of the present embodiment can be realized by a computer and a program.
- an exciting current having an angular frequency ⁇ ⁇ is supplied to the exciting coil 3 to The sum of the first inter-electrode electromotive force between the electrodes 2a and 2b and the second inter-electrode electromotive force between the electrodes 2c and 2d when the parameter 1 is p7 is E730s.
- the soil coefficient related to b4 is inverted, and the inter-electrode electromotive force E730s can be treated almost as a vXB component. Therefore, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to detect the characteristics and state of the fluid or the state in the measuring tube using basically the same one-door configuration as the electromagnetic induction type flow meter.
- both the magnitude and angle of force that should be extracted from the electromotive force difference EdA7 either the magnitude rk [p7] of the fluctuation factor Cp7 or the angle ⁇ 00 [p7] are calculated. It is also possible to obtain the first parameter P 7 by extracting. In this case, for example, the more sensitive one of the magnitude rk [p7] and the angle ⁇ 00 [p7] is selected, and the first parameter p7 is obtained based on the selected magnitude or angle. That's fine. Thereby, the detection sensitivity can be improved.
- the state detection device of this embodiment has one excitation coil and two pairs of electrodes, and the configuration excluding the signal processing system is the same as that of the state detection device shown in FIG.
- the principle of this embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
- the second extraction method is used as a method for extracting the 3 AZ 3 t component from the combined vector, and the second parameter having a frequency characteristic as a variation factor is obtained.
- the excitation current of angular frequency ⁇ is supplied to excitation coil 3, and the first inter-electrode electromotive force between electrodes 2a and 2b and the second between electrodes 2c and 2d when the first parameter is ⁇ 8.
- the difference E830d from the inter-electrode electromotive force is expressed by the following equation (54), (78), and (79).
- Equation (228) Equation (229) Force, and Equation (239), the following approximate equation holds.
- EdA80 rk [p8, w 0] -exp (j- ⁇ 00 [ ⁇ 8, ⁇ ])
- an exciting current having an angular frequency ⁇ 2 is supplied to the exciting coil 3, and the first inter-electrode electromotive force between the electrodes 2a and 2b and the electrodes 2c and 2d when the first parameter is ⁇ 8.
- the difference E832d from the second inter-electrode electromotive force is expressed by the following equation (54), (81), and (82).
- EdA82 rk [p8, W 2] -exp (j- ⁇ 00 [ ⁇ 8, ⁇ 2]) • ⁇ ⁇ ] ⁇ ( ⁇ / 2 + ⁇ 3) ⁇
- Equations (243) and (247) it can be seen from Equations (243) and (247) that the 3) 3t component in the combined vector can be extracted using the difference in the electromotive force between the electrodes. Since Equations (243) and (247) are not related to the magnitude of the flow velocity V, only the components generated by 3 AZ 3 t are present. By using this, it is possible to measure the state of fluid other than the flow velocity and the state in the measuring tube.
- the fluctuation factor Cp80 is expressed by the following equation from equation (243).
- Equation (248) and (249) The size m3b and the angle 03b of [exp ⁇ j- ( ⁇ / 2 + ⁇ 3) ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ b3 + b4-exp (j- ⁇ ⁇ 4) ⁇ ] in Equations (248) and (249) are It is represented by Formula (213) and Formula (214). If equation (213) and equation (214) are applied to equation (248), the magnitude rk [p8, ⁇ ] of the fluctuation factor Cp80 and the angle ⁇ 00 [ ⁇ 8, ⁇ ] from the real axis are expressed by the following equations: The
- equation (213) and equation (214) are applied to equation (249), the magnitude rk [p 8, ⁇ 2] of the fluctuation factor Cp82 and the angle from the real axis 000 [ ⁇ 8, ⁇ 2 ] Is represented by the following formula.
- the relationship between the second parameter p8 and (rk [p8, co2] Zrk [ ⁇ 8, ⁇ ]), which have been confirmed in advance by measurement during calibration, or the second parameter p8 and (0 ⁇ [ ⁇ 8, ⁇ 2] -From the relationship with ⁇ 00 [ ⁇ 8, ⁇ 0]), the second parameter ⁇ 8 can be obtained.
- the state detection apparatus of the present embodiment includes a measurement tube 1, first electrodes 2a and 2b, second electrodes 2c and 2d, an excitation coil 3, a power supply unit 4b, and a state quantification unit 8b. .
- the state quantification unit 8b determines the amplitude for each of the first combined electromotive force detected by the first electrodes 2a and 2b and the second combined electromotive force detected by the second electrodes 2c and 2d. And the phase difference between the first angular frequency ⁇ and the second angular frequency ⁇ 2 based on the amplitude and phase of the first and second synthetic electromotive forces.
- the 3 ⁇ 3 t component at the first angular frequency ⁇ 0 and the 3 ⁇ 3 component at the second angular frequency ⁇ 2 are extracted from these electromotive force differences, and the first angular frequency ⁇ 0 Specific power of 3 ⁇ 3 component and second angular frequency ⁇ 2 to 3 ⁇ 3 t component
- Signal conversion unit 5b that extracts the magnitude or phase of the ratio of variation factors depending on the second parameter and frequency
- a state storage unit 6b (corresponding to the second table described above) that stores in advance the ratio of the fluctuation factors or the relationship between the phase and the second parameter. If, on the basis of the relationship stored in the state storage unit 6b, which is the extracted variable
- FIG. 52 is a flowchart showing the operation of the state determination unit 8b of the present embodiment.
- the signal conversion unit 5b includes the electromotive force of the component of the angular frequency ⁇ ⁇ of the first interelectrode electromotive force between the electrodes 2a and 2b and the second electromotive force between the electrodes 2c and 2d.
- the difference from the electromotive force of the component of angular frequency ⁇ ⁇ is obtained.
- the amplitude r830d of E830d is obtained, and the phase difference ⁇ 830d between the real axis and the electromotive force difference E830d is obtained by a phase detector (not shown) 52 Step 7 01).
- the signal conversion unit 5b includes the electromotive force of the component of the angular frequency ⁇ 2 in the first inter-electrode electromotive force and the angular frequency ⁇ of the second inter-electrode electromotive force. Difference from the electromotive force of the two components The amplitude r832d of E832d is obtained, and the phase difference ⁇ 832d between the real axis and the electromotive force difference E832d is obtained by the phase detector (step 702).
- the signal conversion unit 5b calculates the magnitude of the electromotive force difference EdA80 that approximates the electromotive force difference E830d
- the signal conversion unit 5b calculates the magnitude of the electromotive force difference EdA82 that approximates the electromotive force difference E832d
- the processing in steps 703 and 704 is processing corresponding to obtaining 3 ⁇ 3 components, and is processing corresponding to the calculation of Expression (243) and Expression (247).
- the signal converter 5b extracts the variation factor Cp80 in which the medium force of the electromotive force difference EdA80 also depends on the second parameter p8, and the medium force of the electromotive force difference EdA82 is also set in the second parameter p8.
- the dependent variation factor Cp82 is extracted, and the size and angle of the ratio Cn8 between the variation factors Cp82 and Cp80 are obtained (step 705).
- the signal converter 5b calculates the size of the ratio Cn8 (rk [p8, ⁇ 2] / rk [ ⁇ 8, ⁇ ]) as shown in the following equation.
- the signal conversion unit 5b calculates an angle of the ratio Cn8 with respect to the real axis (000 [ ⁇ 8, ⁇ 2] - ⁇ 00 [ ⁇ 8, ⁇ ]) as follows.
- step 705 is completed.
- the state storage unit 6b stores the relationship between the second parameter p8 and the magnitude of the ratio Cn8 (rk [p8, co2] Zrk [p8, ⁇ ]), or the angle between the second parameter ⁇ 8 and itCn8.
- the relation with ( ⁇ 00 [ ⁇ 8, ⁇ 2]- ⁇ 00 [ ⁇ 8, ⁇ ]) is registered in advance in the form of a mathematical expression or a table.
- the state output unit 7b determines the size of the ratio Cn8 calculated by the signal conversion unit 5b (rk [p8, co2] / rk [p8, 0> 0]) and [angle (000 [8, ⁇ 2 ]- ⁇ 00 [ ⁇ 8, ⁇ ]), referring to the state storage 6b, (rk [p8, co2] Zrk [p8, ⁇ ]) or (000 [ ⁇ 8, ⁇ 2] — ⁇ 00 [ ⁇ 8, The value of the second parameter ⁇ 8 corresponding to ⁇ ]) is calculated (or obtained from the state storage unit 6b).
- the state quantification unit 8b performs the processing in steps 701 to 706 as described above at every cycle T until the operator instructs the end of measurement (YES in step 707). Note that the processing in steps 702 to 706 is performed in the second excitation state with a duration of T2 seconds.
- the electromotive force differences E830d and E832d will be excited angular frequencies ⁇ and ⁇ , respectively. Focusing on the fact that it can be approximately extracted as the 3 ⁇ 3 t component in the case of 2, there are the characteristics and states of the fluid from the two approximately extracted 3 AZ 3 t components, respectively. Based on the magnitude or phase of the ratio between the fluctuation factors Cp82 and Cp80, the second parameter p8 was calculated by extracting the fluctuation factors Cp80 and Cp82 that depend on p8). Therefore, it is possible to accurately detect the characteristics and state of the fluid or the state in the measurement tube regardless of the flow velocity of the fluid.
- the configuration excluding the detection portion of the electromotive force difference E830d, E832d can be realized by a computer and a program. it can.
- an exciting current having an angular frequency ⁇ is supplied to the exciting coil 3 and the first inter-electrode electromotive force between the electrodes 2a and 2b and the electrode 2c when the first parameter is ⁇ 8.
- the interelectrode electromotive force E830s is obtained by inverting the soil coefficient related to b4 in Equation (239), and the interelectrode electromotive force E830 s Can be treated almost as a vXB component. Therefore, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to detect the characteristics and state of the fluid or the state in the measuring tube using basically the same software configuration as that of the electromagnetic induction type flow meter.
- the variation factor ratio Cn8 has a size (rk [p8, co2] Zrk [p8, ⁇ ]) or angle (0 ⁇ [ ⁇ 8, ⁇ 2] - ⁇ 00 [ ⁇ 8, ⁇ ]).
- rk [p8, co2] / rk [p8, ⁇ ] select the size (rk [p8, co2] / rk [p8, ⁇ ]) and angle (000 [ ⁇ 8, ⁇ 2]- ⁇ 0 [ ⁇ 8, ⁇ ]) that has better sensitivity.
- the second parameter ⁇ 8 may be obtained based on the selected size or angle. Thereby, the detection sensitivity can be improved.
- the second parameter ⁇ 8 can be obtained at higher speed.
- the magnetic fields represented by the equations (225) and (226) may be used instead of the equations (41) and (42).
- the state detection device of this embodiment has one excitation coil and two pairs of electrodes, and the configuration excluding the signal processing system is the same as that of the state detection device shown in FIG.
- the principle of this embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
- the second extraction method is used as a method for extracting the 3 ⁇ 3 t component from the composite vector, and a plurality of second parameters whose variation factors have frequency characteristics are obtained. It is.
- an example of obtaining values of two second parameters is shown. Of the two second parameters, one is the third parameter and the other is the fourth parameter.
- EdA90 rk [p9, q9, W 0] -exp (j- ⁇ 00 [ ⁇ 9, q9, ⁇ ])
- an excitation current having an angular frequency ⁇ 2 is supplied to the excitation coil 3, and the first interelectrode occurrence between the electrodes 2a and 2b when the third parameter is ⁇ 9 and the fourth parameter is q9.
- the difference E932d between the electric power and the second inter-electrode electromotive force between the electrodes 2c and 2d is expressed by the following equation (54), (88) and (89).
- EdA92 rk [p9, q9, W 2] -exp (j- ⁇ 00 [ ⁇ 9, q9, ⁇ 2])
- Equation (265) and Equation (268) the 3 3t component in the composite vector can be extracted using the difference in the electromotive force between the electrodes. Since Equation (265) and Equation (268) are not related to the magnitude of the flow velocity V, only the components generated by 3 AZ 3 t are present. By using this, it is possible to measure the state of fluid other than the flow velocity and the state in the measuring tube.
- Cpq92 be the variation factor due to the third and fourth parameters in Equation (268).
- C pq92 rk [p9, q9, ⁇ 2] ⁇ ⁇ (] ⁇ ⁇ [ ⁇ 9, q9, ⁇ 2]
- the remaining part is a constant given by calibration.
- the fluctuation factor Cpq92 is expressed by the following equation from equation (268).
- Equation (269) and Equation (270) are It is represented by Formula (213) and Formula (214). If equation (213) and equation (214) are applied to equation (269), the magnitude rk [p9, q9, ⁇ ] of the fluctuation factor Cpq90 and the angle 0OO [p9, q9, ⁇ ] from the real axis are It is expressed by a formula.
- Equation (120) and equation (121) are applied to equation (270), the angle between the magnitude rk [p9, q9, ⁇ 2] of the fluctuation factor Cpq92 and the actual axial force 0OO [p9, q9 , ⁇ 2] is expressed by the following equation.
- rk [p9, q9, ⁇ 2]
- the state detection apparatus of the present embodiment includes a measurement tube 1, first electrodes 2a and 2b, second electrodes 2c and 2d, an excitation coil 3, a power supply unit 4b, and a state quantification unit 8b. .
- the state quantification unit 8b determines the amplitude for each of the first combined electromotive force detected by the first electrodes 2a and 2b and the second combined electromotive force detected by the second electrodes 2c and 2d.
- the phase difference between the first and second combined electromotive forces is calculated for each of the plurality of frequency components based on the amplitude and phase.
- a signal converter 5b that extracts 3 AZ 3 t components in a plurality of frequency components and extracts the magnitude or phase of a variation factor depending on the plurality of second parameters and the frequency from each of the extracted 3 AZ 3 components.
- a state storage unit 6b (corresponding to the third table described above) that stores in advance the relationship between the magnitude or phase of variation factors in each of the plurality of frequency components and the plurality of second parameters, and a state storage unit Based on the relationship stored in 6b, the extracted variation factors And a state output unit 7b for calculating a plurality of second parameters corresponding to the magnitude or phase of the signal.
- FIG. 53 is a flowchart showing the operation of the state quantification unit 8b of the present embodiment.
- the signal conversion unit 5b includes the electromotive force of the component having the angular frequency ⁇ 0 and the electrode 2c of the first inter-electrode electromotive force between the electrodes 2a and 2b.
- the difference between the electromotive force of the second electrode between 2d and the component of angular frequency ⁇ 0 is obtained.
- the amplitude r930d of E930d is obtained, and the phase difference ⁇ 930d between the real axis and the electromotive force difference E930d is not shown. Obtained by a detector (step 801 in Fig. 53).
- the signal conversion unit 5b includes the electromotive force of the component of the angular frequency ⁇ 2 among the first interelectrode electromotive force and the second electrode Corner of electromotive force Difference from electromotive force of frequency ⁇ 2 component E932d amplitude r932d and phase difference ⁇ 932d between real axis and electromotive force difference E932d are obtained by phase detector (step 802).
- the signal conversion unit 5b calculates the magnitude of the electromotive force difference EdA90 that approximates the electromotive force difference E930d
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US11/662,306 US7487052B2 (en) | 2004-09-22 | 2005-09-21 | State detection device |
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JP2004-275249 | 2004-09-22 | ||
JP2004275249A JP4527484B2 (ja) | 2004-09-22 | 2004-09-22 | 状態検出装置 |
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WO2006033365A1 true WO2006033365A1 (ja) | 2006-03-30 |
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PCT/JP2005/017409 WO2006033365A1 (ja) | 2004-09-22 | 2005-09-21 | 状態検出装置 |
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US (1) | US7487052B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4527484B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN100434874C (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2006033365A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (18)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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DE102004014300A1 (de) * | 2004-03-22 | 2005-10-06 | Endress + Hauser Flowtec Ag, Reinach | Vorrichtung zum Messen und/oder Überwachen des Durchflusses eines Messmediums |
JP4523318B2 (ja) * | 2004-04-09 | 2010-08-11 | 株式会社山武 | 電磁流量計 |
JP4523319B2 (ja) * | 2004-04-09 | 2010-08-11 | 株式会社山武 | 電磁流量計 |
GB2440963B (en) * | 2006-08-18 | 2011-06-08 | Abb Ltd | Flow meter |
GB2440964B (en) * | 2006-08-18 | 2011-08-10 | Abb Ltd | Flow meter |
US8407623B2 (en) * | 2009-06-25 | 2013-03-26 | Apple Inc. | Playback control using a touch interface |
JP5559499B2 (ja) * | 2009-09-04 | 2014-07-23 | アズビル株式会社 | 状態検出装置 |
JP5391000B2 (ja) * | 2009-09-04 | 2014-01-15 | アズビル株式会社 | 電磁流量計 |
JP5385064B2 (ja) * | 2009-09-09 | 2014-01-08 | アズビル株式会社 | 電磁流量計 |
JP5942085B2 (ja) * | 2011-12-26 | 2016-06-29 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | 流量補正係数設定方法とこれを用いた流量計測装置 |
DE102012006891B4 (de) * | 2012-04-05 | 2019-05-23 | Krohne Ag | Magnetisch-induktives Durchflussmessgerät |
DE102014111047B4 (de) * | 2014-08-04 | 2016-02-11 | Endress+Hauser Flowtec Ag | Magnetisch-induktives Durchflussmessgerät mit mehreren Messelektrodenpaaren und unterschiedlichen Messrohrquerschnitten und Verfahren zur Messung des Durchflusses |
CN104266696A (zh) * | 2014-10-22 | 2015-01-07 | 中山欧麦克仪器设备有限公司 | 一种高精度智能型电磁流量计 |
WO2016163024A1 (ja) * | 2015-04-10 | 2016-10-13 | 株式会社島津製作所 | 水質分析装置 |
DE102015120103B4 (de) * | 2015-11-19 | 2018-09-13 | Krohne Ag | Verfahren zur Durchflussmessung durch ein magnetisch-induktives Durchflussmessgerät |
DE102016114607A1 (de) * | 2016-08-05 | 2018-02-08 | Infineon Technologies Ag | Flüssigkeitsabgabesystem, -Vorrichtung und -Verfahren |
WO2020079085A1 (en) * | 2018-10-18 | 2020-04-23 | Eicon Gmbh | Magnetic flow meter |
CN109540963B (zh) * | 2018-12-22 | 2023-08-18 | 浙江大学城市学院 | 一种基于管壁激励的强化换热实验系统 |
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WO2003027614A1 (fr) * | 2001-09-20 | 2003-04-03 | Yamatake Corporation | Fluxmetre electromagnetique |
JP2004108973A (ja) * | 2002-09-19 | 2004-04-08 | Yamatake Corp | 電磁流量計 |
JP2004108975A (ja) * | 2002-09-19 | 2004-04-08 | Yamatake Corp | 電磁流量計 |
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US5625155A (en) * | 1901-09-03 | 1997-04-29 | Aichi Tokei Denki Co., Ltd. | Electromagnetic flowmeter |
US4408497A (en) * | 1981-12-22 | 1983-10-11 | Hokushin Electric Works, Ltd. | Electromagnetic flowmeter for measuring ferromagnetic slurries |
JPS60173024U (ja) * | 1984-04-26 | 1985-11-16 | 株式会社東芝 | 電磁流量計 |
JP3164684B2 (ja) | 1993-02-16 | 2001-05-08 | 愛知時計電機株式会社 | 非満水用電磁流量計の演算方法 |
JP4754932B2 (ja) * | 2005-10-17 | 2011-08-24 | 株式会社山武 | 電磁流量計 |
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2004
- 2004-09-22 JP JP2004275249A patent/JP4527484B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2005
- 2005-09-21 CN CNB2005800400075A patent/CN100434874C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-09-21 US US11/662,306 patent/US7487052B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-09-21 WO PCT/JP2005/017409 patent/WO2006033365A1/ja not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (3)
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WO2003027614A1 (fr) * | 2001-09-20 | 2003-04-03 | Yamatake Corporation | Fluxmetre electromagnetique |
JP2004108973A (ja) * | 2002-09-19 | 2004-04-08 | Yamatake Corp | 電磁流量計 |
JP2004108975A (ja) * | 2002-09-19 | 2004-04-08 | Yamatake Corp | 電磁流量計 |
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CN100434874C (zh) | 2008-11-19 |
US20080028867A1 (en) | 2008-02-07 |
US7487052B2 (en) | 2009-02-03 |
JP2006090794A (ja) | 2006-04-06 |
CN101061372A (zh) | 2007-10-24 |
JP4527484B2 (ja) | 2010-08-18 |
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