Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07C271/00—Derivatives of carbamic acids, i.e. compounds containing any of the groups, the nitrogen atom not being part of nitro or nitroso groups
  • C07C271/06—Esters of carbamic acids
  • C07C271/08—Esters of carbamic acids having oxygen atoms of carbamate groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D207/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
  • C07D207/46—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with hetero atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
  • C07F7/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 4 or 14 of the Periodic Table
  • C07F7/02—Silicon compounds
  • C07F7/08—Compounds having one or more C—Si linkages
  • C07F7/18—Compounds having one or more C—Si linkages as well as one or more C—O—Si linkages
  • C07F7/1804—Compounds having Si-O-C linkages
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
  • C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
  • C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
  • C07F9/06—Phosphorus compounds without P—C bonds
  • C07F9/22—Amides of acids of phosphorus
  • C07F9/24—Esteramides
  • C07F9/2404—Esteramides the ester moiety containing a substituent or a structure which is considered as characteristic
  • C07F9/2408—Esteramides the ester moiety containing a substituent or a structure which is considered as characteristic of hydroxyalkyl compounds
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
  • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
  • Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
  • Y02P20/55—Design of synthesis routes, e.g. reducing the use of auxiliary or protecting groups

Definitions

• the present invention relates to coupling agents comprising a photolabile protective group and to their use for the functionalization of solid supports.
• the present invention also relates to the solid supports functionalized by these coupling agents, as well as to their use for the immobilization of biological molecules of interest, in particular nucleic acid molecules.
• photografting has the disadvantage of involving selectively selective radical reactions; ii) the release of a function protected by a photolabile protective group on the support, to allow the subsequent reaction with the target ON to lead to its fixation.
• the supports used are generally functionalized by coupling agents which are bifunctional compounds having at one of their ends a hooking function on the surface of the support and at the other end a reactive function vis-à-vis a target molecule comprising a complementary chemical function, said reactive function of the coupling agent being protected by a photolabile group.
• the latter approach must meet a number of criteria. These criteria are as follows:
• the reaction between the activated support and the target molecule must be rapid; this reaction can take place only when the reactive functions of the coupling agent have been released from their protective group (activation reaction); the yield of this reaction must be high;
• the bond formed between the coupling agent and the target molecule must be stable under different temperature and pH conditions so as to allow a very flexible use of the support thus functionalized.
• the various methods proposed up to now do not fulfill all these criteria in a completely satisfactory manner, in particular because of the nature of the different coupling agents used.
• coupling agents may advantageously be used to functionalize solid supports in order to then fix target biological molecules.
• the present invention therefore has for its first object a coupling agent of formula (I) below:
• A represents a latching function on a solid support, said function being chosen from amine, phosphoramidite, silane and activated ester type functions;
• X represents a spacer arm
• - B is a reactive functional group chosen from the groups leading, after photo-deprotection, to a function of the oxyamine (-ONH 2 ) and derivatives or hydrazide (-NH-NH 2 ) and derivative type, said function B being protected by a grouping Proc;
• Proc is a photolabile protective group of formula (II) below: in which :
• R 1 and R 2 identical or different, represent a hydrogen atom or a C 1 -C 4 alkyl radical.
• the function A will be chosen according to the nature of the support on which the coupling agents of formula (I) will be intended to be fixed.
• the functions of the activated ester type are preferably carboxylic acid functions esterified with ⁇ -hydroxysuccinimide, or else by any other suitable activating reagent known to those skilled in the art such as, for example, pentafluorobenzene.
• the spacer arm X may be of variable length and polarity depending on the desired final properties. It may for example be an unfilled hydrophobic chain (such as a saturated hydrocarbon chain) or an unfilled hydrophilic chain such as a glycol ether. According to a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the spacer arm X is chosen from saturated hydrocarbon chains containing from 1 to 13 carbon atoms and glycol ethers in which the carbon chain comprises from 4 to 12 carbon atoms such as Triethylene Glycol (TEG) and Hexaethylene Glycol (HEG).
• TEG Triethylene Glycol
• HEG Hexaethylene Glycol
• the reactive function B is a function that allows, after photodeprotection, the covalent attachment of target molecules carrying at least one complementary chemical function.
• X represents a saturated hydrocarbon chain having 6 carbon atoms
• B represents an oxyamine function (-ONH-)
• - Ri and R 2 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl radical; ii) - A represents a function HIaIcOXy (C 1 -C 4 ) silane,
• X represents a saturated hydrocarbon chain having from 2 to 12 carbon atoms
• B represents an oxyamine function (-O NH-)
• R 1 and R 2 represent a hydrogen atom or a methyl radical; iii) - A represents a carboxylic function esterified with N-hydroxysuccinimide or pentafluorobenzene,
• X represents -CH 2 -
• R 1 and R 2 represent a hydrogen atom or a methyl radical;
• the compounds in which the function A is triethoxysilane and X a saturated hydrocarbon chain having 3 or 11 carbon atoms are particularly preferred.
• the coupling agents of formula (I) ci above can be easily prepared according to the principles of organic synthesis well known to those skilled in the art and depending on the nature of the functions A and B.
• the coupling agent is a compound of formula (I) in which the attachment function A is of the carboxylic acid type activated in the form of a N-hydroxysuccinimide ester, for example, and the function B is an oxyamine function
• a preparation method corresponding to the following Scheme 1 is preferably used:
• Proc is a photolabile protective group of formula (II) as defined above and X is a spacer arm that can have the same meanings as those indicated above.
• a compound of formula (III) comprising a carboxylic function and an oxyamine function is, in a first step, protected by a photolabile Prot protecting group of formula (II) chosen, to give a compound of formula (IV) then, in a second step, the carboxylic acid function of the compound of formula (IV) is activated by ⁇ -hydroxysuccinimide to yield the compound of formula (I) expected.
• the coupling agent is a compound of formula (I) in which the attachment function A is a phosphoramidite function, and the function B is an oxyamine function, it is used preferably a preparation method corresponding to the following Scheme 2: SCHEME 2
• R and R ' which may be identical or different, represent an alkyl radical having from 1 to 13 carbon atoms.
• a halogenated alcohol of formula (V) in which Halo represents a halogen atom such as bromine, chlorine, iodine or fluorine is reacted with 7-hydroxyphthalimide. (nucleophilic substitution of the halogen atom) to obtain a compound of formula (VI) which, in a second step, undergoes hydrazinolysis in order to release the oxyamine function which is then protected by a photolabile Proc protective group of formula (II ) chosen to lead to a compound of formula (VII) which, in a third step, undergoes phosphytilation to yield the compound of formula (I) expected.
• Halo represents a halogen atom such as bromine, chlorine, iodine or fluorine
• the oxyamine function is protected from an alkene compound of formula (IX) in which X represents a spacer arm which can have the same meanings as those indicated above for the coupling agents of formula (I), in order to obtain a compound of formula (X) which then undergoes hydrosilylation to give a compound of formula (I) in which the attachment function A is a trialkoxy (C] -C 4 ) silane function.
• the coupling agents of formula (I) according to the invention can be used for the functionalization of solid supports.
• the present invention therefore relates to the use of at least one coupling agent of formula (I) as defined above, for the functionalization of solid supports.
• the present invention also relates to a process for preparing a functionalized solid support, characterized in that it comprises at least one step of contacting at least one surface of a solid support with a solution at least one coupling agent of formula (I) in an organic solvent.
• the organic solvent is preferably chosen from non-polar solvents such as, for example, trichlorethylene, dimethylformamide (DMF) and cyclohexane.
• the contacting of the solid support with the solution of the coupling agent of formula (I) is preferably carried out at a temperature of between about 4 and 80 ° C., for about 1 to 48 hours.
• the substrate is then rinsed with one or more solvents, preferably and successively with the reaction solvent, absolute ethanol and / or chloroform, and then dried, preferably with nitrogen.
• This method has the advantage of being simple to implement and makes it possible to obtain a layer of good density. It makes it possible in particular to obtain solid supports comprising at least one functionalized surface by a self-assembled monolayer of compounds of formula (I) ("Self-Assemhled-Monolayer": SAM).
• SAMs are defined as an assembly of molecules in which molecules are organized, an organization due to interactions between molecule chains, giving rise to a stable, monomolecular and ordered anisotropic film (A. ULMAN, Chem Rev., 1996, 96, 1533-1554).
• the surfaces obtained by implementing the method according to the invention directly have a large number of reactive functions protected by a photolabile protective group easy to selectively remove in time and space in order to immobilize covalently, biological molecules of interest having a complementary chemical function vis-à-vis the reactive function B coupling agents present on the surface of the solid support.
• the solid supports which can be functionalized with the coupling agents of formula (I) according to the invention are preferably chosen from glass, ceramics (oxide type), silicon or plastic supports, said supports comprising at least a hydrated, hydroxylated, silanized, aminated or well again of activated ester type.
• Such surfaces can be easily prepared according to the techniques well known in the prior art. For example, it is possible to prepare a solid support having a hydroxylated surface by silanization by means of an epoxide silane which then undergoes acid hydrolysis so as to release the hydroxyl functions of the surface.
• These solid supports have at least one flat surface or not, smooth or structured, and may be for example in the form of a glass slide, plastic flat plate or well, capillary or porous ball or not.
• the coupling function A of coupling agents of formula (I) is chosen according to the nature of the surface of the support on which they are intended to be fixed.
• the function A is preferably an amino function; when it comes to supports comprising at least one hydroxyl-type surface, then the function A is preferably a phosphoramidite or silane function; in the case of supports having at least one hydride-type surface, then the function A is preferably a silane function and, in the case of supports having an amino surface, then the function A is preferably a function activated ester.
• the present invention therefore also relates to solid supports comprising at least one functionalized surface with one or more coupling agents of formula (I) as defined above.
• Such supports may advantageously be used for the immobilization of biological molecules of interest comprising a chemical function complementary to the reactive function B of the coupling agents of formula (I) present on the surface of said solid support after their deprotection, and in particular for the covalent immobilization of nucleic acid molecules such as DNA and oligonucleotides.
• the present invention also relates to the use of a solid support as described above for the covalent immobilization of biological molecules of interest comprising a chemical function complementary to the reactive function B of the invention.
• coupling agents of formula (I) present on the surface of said solid support in particular nucleic acids (DNA oligonucleotides 5) by forming an amide bond (peptide).
• the present invention further relates to a process for immobilizing biological molecules of interest, and in particular nucleic acid molecules, on a solid support as described above, characterized in that it comprises at least a first step of photo-deprotection of the reactive functional groups B compounds of formula (I) by insolation of at least a portion of the surface of the solid support, then bringing the solid support thus activated into contact with a solution of biological molecules of interest, and in particular of nucleic acid molecules, to lead to the immobilization of said molecules by formation of a covalent bond between at least one chemical function carried by said molecules and reactive with respect to the reactive functions B said compounds of formula (I) according to the invention, on said solid support and the eventual repetition of these two steps.
• the photo-deprotection step may be localized on only a portion of the functionalized surface of the solid support and for example carried out through a mask.
• the reactive function B of the coupling agents of formula (I) is deprotected (active), which thus creates zones carrying the free reactive function which will be able to capture any molecule in solution having a reactive chemical function vis-à- screw of said activated reactive function B present on the surface of the solid support.
• the immobilization step is carried out by the formation of oxime bonds between the oxyamine B functions of the compounds of formula (I) and the carbonyl functions of the biological molecules of interest, in particular nucleic acid molecules.
• This reaction has the advantage of being able to be carried out under mild conditions, in particular at a pH of between 4 and 7.
• the bond formed (oxime) also has great stability and it is not necessary to stabilize it with additional reduction step.
• the irradiation wavelength is preferably between 300 and 400 nm.
• Solutions of biological molecules of interest may be simple aqueous solutions or solutions of these molecules in buffered aqueous solutions.
• the duration of the contacting is preferably between 5 and 60 minutes and carried out at a temperature preferably between 4 and 60 ° C.
• the invention also relates to solid supports (nucleic acid chips in particular) as described above and obtained by implementing the immobilization method according to the invention, that is to say comprising at least a surface on which said biological molecules of interest, and in particular nucleic acid molecules, are immobilized via a covalent bond formed with the reactive function B of the coupling agents of formula (I) in accordance with the 'Invention.
• the invention also comprises other arrangements which will emerge from the description which follows, which refers to examples of the preparation of coupling agents of formula (I), to examples of functionalization of supports.
• capillary-type glass solids or planar solid support with coupling agents of formula (I) according to the invention the use of these functionalized supports for the immobilization of oligonucleotides, as well as in FIGS. 1 and 2 annexed in which:
• FIG. 1 represents the photograph of the fluorescence emitted by oligonucleotides fixed on a solid support of capillary type according to the process according to the invention, after hybridization with complementary oligonucleotides labeled with a fluorophore (capillary of the type a /), compared to an unfunctional capillary (type b capillary);
• FIG. 2 represents the photograph of the fluorescence emitted by oligonucleotides fixed on a solid solid support according to the process according to the invention, after hybridization with complementary oligonucleotides labeled with a fluorophore (type-a-type support). ), compared to a non-functional support (type b support).
• EXAMPLE 1 Preparation of a Derivative Phosphamide According to Formula (I)
• the crude product was purified by chromatography on silica gel (eluent dichloromethane / cyclohexane: 75/25, v / v).
• the product (2) was obtained as a white powder (6.27 g, 12.4 mmol, 99% yield) melting at 106-107 ° C.
• the compound (2) obtained above in the second step (6.27 g, 12.4 mmol) was solubilized in 50 ml of dichloromethane and 780 mg of hydrazine (24.8 mmol) was added. The solution obtained was refluxed for 1 hour. and a half, then filtered and evaporated under reduced pressure. The crude product was purified by chromatography on silica gel, eluting with dichloromethane and then a 95/5 (v / v) mixture of dichloromethane and methanol. Compound (3) was obtained as an oil (4.20 g, 11.2 mmol) in 90% yield.
• the compound (3) prepared above in the third step (4.20 g, 11.2 mmol) was dissolved in 100 ml of pyridine. Then 50 ml of a dichloromethane solution containing 5.40 g (22.4 mmol) of 2- (2-nitrophenyl) propyl chloroformate (Cl-NPPOC) was added dropwise. The reaction mixture was stirred for one hour in the dark and then evaporated under reduced pressure. The residue obtained was then solubilized in dichloromethane and the organic phase was washed with a saturated aqueous solution of sodium chloride. The organic phase was dried over anhydrous sodium sulphate and then evaporated. The crude product was purified by silica gel chromatography using dichloromethane as eluent. The product (4) was obtained as an orange oil (5.80 g, 9.9 mmol) in 89% yield.
• the compound (5) obtained above in the previous step (0.90 g, 2.7 mmol) was solubilized under a stream of argon in 15 ml of dichloromethane, and then diisopropylethylamine (DIEA) ( 0.56 ml, 3.2 mmol), followed by 0.72 ml of 2-cyanoethyldiisopropylchlorophosphoramidite (3.2 mmol).
• DIEA diisopropylethylamine
• 2-cyanoethyldiisopropylchlorophosphoramidite 3.2 mmol
• Carboxymethoxylamine hydrochloride (1 g, 4.57 mmol) was dissolved in 25 ml of 10% aqueous sodium carbonate solution. The solution It was cooled to a temperature of 0 ° C. and 20 ml of a dioxane solution containing 2.20 g (9.1 mmol) of chloroformate of 2- (2) were added dropwise and with stirring. -Nitrophenyl) -propyl (Cl-NPPOC). Stirring was maintained for 2 to 3 hours at room temperature. The reaction medium was evaporated to dryness. To the residue thus obtained, 250 ml of water was added, and then the aqueous phase was washed with 200 ml of diethyl ether.
• the aqueous phase was then acidified with 1N hydrochloric acid solution to pH 3 and extracted with dichloromethane (3 ⁇ 250 ml).
• the organic phases were combined and dried over anhydrous sodium sulphate.
• the crude product was purified by chromatography on silica gel, using dichloromethane as eluent and then a 97/3 (v / v) dichloromethane / methanol mixture.
• the compound (7) was obtained in the form of a white powder melting between 88 and 92 ° C. (1.20 g, 4.0 mmol), with a yield of 90%.
• Obtaining a solid support functionalized by the compound (11) is in a single step, in this case by the so-called silanization step of the surface of the inorganic solid support (glass capillary) according to the reaction scheme. below:
• a capillary was filled with a 6M sodium hydroxide solution in a 1/1 water / ethanol mixture and the solution was left in the capillary for 2 hours at room temperature.
• the capillary was then thoroughly rinsed with water and then dried with nitrogen.
• the capillary was then filled with a solution of the 10 mM compound (11) in trichlorethylene and allowed to act overnight at room temperature.
• the capillary was then rinsed thoroughly with trichlorethylene, absolute ethanol and chloroform and finally dried with nitrogen.
• Photosensitive oxyamine surface wherein, in a first step, the mineral surface of the solid support is converted to a surface having amine functions, and in a second step said surface amine functions are reacted with the compound (8).
• a glass capillary was filled with a 6M sodium hydroxide solution in a 1/1 water / ethanol mixture and the solution was left in the capillary for 2 hours at room temperature.
• the capillary was rinsed thoroughly with water and then dried with nitrogen.
• the capillary was then filled with a solution of 10% triethoxyaminopropyl silane in ethanol at 95 ° and the solution was left in the capillary overnight at room temperature.
• the capillary was then rinsed with ethanol and dried with nitrogen.
• a capillary was obtained whose inner surface was covered with amine functions.
• the capillary obtained above in the first step was filled with a solution of the 10 mM compound (8) in dimethylformamide (DMF) and the solution was left in the capillary overnight at room temperature.
• DMF dimethylformamide
• the capillary was then rinsed with DMF then ethanol and finally dried with nitrogen.
• the solid support obtained above in Example 5 was used for the immobilization of oligonucleotides (ON). It should be understood, however, that the use of these supports for the immobilization of other biological molecules of interest is also valid.
• the grafting of these molecules and the demonstration of their presence on the surface of the solid support are composed of four steps:
• the insolation it is the step which makes it possible to locally release the reactive function B on the surface of the solid support under the action of the light. This function B will allow the grafting of the biomolecule.
• the immobilization it is the actual step of grafting ON by means of the reaction between the aldehyde function carried by TON and the photo deprotected function B on the surface of the solid support after the 'insolation stage.
• hybridization this is the step of demonstrating the grafting or non-grafting of the desired ON by means of the recognition of TON grafted onto the surface of the solid support by its complementary carrying a fluorophore.
• the capillary functionalized with the compound (11) and as prepared above in Example 5 was filled with a 1/1 mixture of pyridine / water.
• the capillary was then irradiated at various selected locations for 5 seconds, using an ultraviolet A (UVA) radiation isolator at a wavelength of 365 nm, adjusting the size of the capillary. of the slit at 160 ⁇ m, with an intensity of 4 mW / mm 2 said insolator being equipped with a lamp of 100 W.
• UVA ultraviolet A
• the capillary thus treated according to the first step was incubated with a solution of ON bearing a function aldehyde at 10 ⁇ M in water and allowed to act for 30 minutes.
• the capillary on which the ONs were immobilized according to step 2) above was filled with a complementary ON solution carrying the fluorophore CY3 and allowed to act for 1 hour at a temperature of 40 ° C.
• the capillary was then rinsed with 0.2% sodium citrate solution.
• the capillary on which the fluorophore labeled ONs were hybridized according to step 3) above was placed on a glass slide and then introduced into a fluorescence reader sold by the company Genomic's Solution.
• the image of the fluorescence obtained is shown in the appended FIG. 1, in which it can be seen that only the places having been insolated are fluorescent. Moreover, it can be seen that only the capillary functionalised by the coupling agents of formula (I) according to the invention (type a /) comprises fluorescent segments corresponding to the photo-localized immobilization of the desired ONs, the non-functionalized capillary ( type b /) being totally non-fluorescent.
• N-hydroxyphthalimide (3.50 g, 21 mmol) and potassium carbonate (8 g, 41 mmol) in 250 ml of dimethylformamide (DMF) was heated at 50 ° C under argon for one hour. with stirring.
• 11-Bromo-undecene (5.0 g, 21 mmol) was then added, and the reaction mixture was again stirred for 3 hours at 50 ° C. After filtration, the solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure. 100 ml of dichloromethane were then added to the residue thus obtained, and the organic phase was then washed with 0.1 N sodium hydroxide and then with a saturated aqueous sodium chloride solution. The organic phase was then dried over anhydrous sodium sulphate and then evaporated. The product (12) was obtained in the form of a white powder (6.45 g, 20.4 mmol, yield 97%) having a melting point of between 38 and 40 ° C.
• a solid silicon support plane with inactive SiO 2 functions was immersed in a solution consisting of 4 ml of water and 3 ml of ethanol and containing sodium hydroxide (1 g NaOH) for 1 hour.
• the support was then rinsed with ultra pure water, then with a 0.2 N hydrochloric acid solution and finally with water, which led to a surface comprising activated SiOH functions.
• the support was then dried with argon.
• Second step silanization of support with the compound (15)
• the support thus activated was soaked in a solution of the compound (15) (7 ml) at 5 mM in a toluene / triethylamine mixture (v / v: 97/3) overnight at 80 ° C.
• the support was then washed with toluene and then with ethanol and finally dried with argon.
• the support thus functionalized with the compound (15) was then put in an oven at 110 ° C. for 3 hours.
• Example 7 As described above in Example 7, the grafting of ON and the demonstration of their presence on the surface of the solid support are composed of four stages: insolation, immobilization, hybridization and finally the detection of fluorescence on the scanner.
• the solid planar support functionalized by the compound (15) according to the method described above in Example 9, on which was plated a plastic mask which has transparent dots of 100 ⁇ m to 100 microns size which allow to pass the light, was covered with a drop of a 1/1 (v / v) mixture of pyridine / water. The whole surface of the support was then irradiated and thus through the mask for 15 seconds, using an ultraviolet A radiation collector
• UVA ultraviolet absorption spectroscopy
• the plane support thus treated according to the first step was incubated with a solution of ON bearing a function aldehyde at 10 ⁇ M in water and allowed to act for 30 minutes.
• the support was then rinsed with water and then with a solution of 0.2% sodium lauryl sulphate, then again with water and finally dried with nitrogen.
• step 2 The solid support on which the ONs were immobilized in step 2) above was filled with a complementary ON solution carrying the fluorophore CY3 and allowed to act for 1 hour at a temperature of 40 ° C. The support was then rinsed with 0.2% sodium citrate solution.
• the support on which the fluorophore labeled ONs hybridized according to step 3) above was placed on a glass slide and then introduced into a fluorescence reader sold by the company Genomic's Solution.
• FIG. 2 The image of the fluorescence obtained is shown in the appended FIG. 2, in which it can be seen that only the places that have been exposed are fluorescent. It can also be seen that only the solid plane support functionalized by the coupling agents (15) according to the invention (a / type support) has fluorescent spots corresponding to the photo-localized immobilization of the desired ONs, the non functionalized (type-b support) being totally non-fluorescent.

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