WO2006023425A2 - Zoom a composant rotatif a plage etendue et a grand angle - Google Patents

Zoom a composant rotatif a plage etendue et a grand angle Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2006023425A2
WO2006023425A2 PCT/US2005/028908 US2005028908W WO2006023425A2 WO 2006023425 A2 WO2006023425 A2 WO 2006023425A2 US 2005028908 W US2005028908 W US 2005028908W WO 2006023425 A2 WO2006023425 A2 WO 2006023425A2
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
zoom
lens system
zoom lens
lens
image
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2005/028908
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English (en)
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WO2006023425A3 (fr
Inventor
James Brian Caldwell
Terry Lee Zarnowski
Original Assignee
Panavision International, L.P.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Panavision International, L.P. filed Critical Panavision International, L.P.
Priority to JP2007527904A priority Critical patent/JP5011109B2/ja
Priority to AU2005277572A priority patent/AU2005277572B2/en
Priority to CA2577629A priority patent/CA2577629C/fr
Priority to EP05785344A priority patent/EP1779168B1/fr
Publication of WO2006023425A2 publication Critical patent/WO2006023425A2/fr
Publication of WO2006023425A3 publication Critical patent/WO2006023425A3/fr

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B15/00—Optical objectives with means for varying the magnification
    • G02B15/14—Optical objectives with means for varying the magnification by axial movement of one or more lenses or groups of lenses relative to the image plane for continuously varying the equivalent focal length of the objective
    • G02B15/144—Optical objectives with means for varying the magnification by axial movement of one or more lenses or groups of lenses relative to the image plane for continuously varying the equivalent focal length of the objective having four groups only
    • G02B15/1445—Optical objectives with means for varying the magnification by axial movement of one or more lenses or groups of lenses relative to the image plane for continuously varying the equivalent focal length of the objective having four groups only the first group being negative
    • G02B15/144515—Optical objectives with means for varying the magnification by axial movement of one or more lenses or groups of lenses relative to the image plane for continuously varying the equivalent focal length of the objective having four groups only the first group being negative arranged -+++

Definitions

  • the present invention relates, generally, to zoom lenses, and in particular embodiments, to an optionally rotatable compound zoom lens that provides a wide focal length range and a wide field of view and is small in size to fit in consumer products such as cellular telephones and other products with compact cameras.
  • zoom lenses having a zoom ratio greater than four combined with a maximum field of view at the short focal length position of 85 degrees or more.
  • zoom lenses are known in the field of broadcast zoom lenses, these are typically large, complex and expensive designs. Examples can be found in U.S. Patent No. 5,745,300, and in Japanese Patents 62- 153,913; 08-136,808; 09-015,501; 09-033,812; and 11-030,749.
  • the lens system according to embodiments of the present invention provides for a wide-range, ultra- wide angle optionally rotatable compound zoom with sufficient performance to be used with a 3 megapixel class sensor.
  • the focal lengths covered by the zoom range have a 35mm still camera equivalent of about 21mm to 180mm.
  • the vertex length is about 98mm.
  • two fold prisms have been included in the design.
  • the folded optics train occupies only about 15.6cc, and is small enough to occupy only a small "L" shaped portion of a box-shaped volume of about 36cc (e.g. about 57.28mm x 48.36mm x 12.97mm), leaving about 57% of the total volume available for non- optical parts (electronics, mechanical parts, and industrial design features).
  • the working distance of the system is sufficient to place a third fold prism or mirror just before the image plane. This third fold prism or mirror could be used to simplify the sensor placement, or it could also be used to incorporate a true SLR optical viewfinder.
  • the optical design is comprised of an NPP kernel followed by a PP relay, with a stationary P lens group in between.
  • the kernel as defined herein, includes all lens and zoom groups on the object space side of the stationary P lens group, while the PP relay is a zooming relay that includes all zoom groups on the image space side of the stationary P lens group.
  • the front lens group is stationary with respect to the image plane, as are both of the fold prisms.
  • the kernel alone has a zoom ratio of about 2:1, and the zooming relay has a magnification ratio of about 4:1, giving a total zoom ratio of about 8.6:1.
  • the PP relay comprising two independently moving positive zoom subgroups, has a notably simple structure which contributes significantly to the simplicity of the system as a whole. Because both zoom subgroups are positive, the total number of elements is minimized while maintaining a very high image quality.
  • the aperture of the system ranges from about f/2.8 to f/6.3, but is constant at about f/2.8 from about 3mm through 6.2mm focal length. From about 6.2mm to 25mm the aperture drops gradually from about f/2.8 to f/6.3.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates an unfolded layout of the compound zoom lens with lens elements and surfaces identified according to embodiments of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates an unfolded layout of the compound zoom lens at
  • FIG. 3 illustrates an unfolded layout of the compound zoom lens at Zoom Position Z2 according to embodiments of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates an unfolded layout of the compound zoom lens at Zoom Position Z3 according to embodiments of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates an unfolded layout of the compound zoom lens at Zoom Position Z4 according to embodiments of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 illustrates an unfolded layout of the compound zoom lens at Zoom Position Z5 according to embodiments of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 illustrates a folded layout of the compound zoom lens showing its longest dimensions, with input beams being received from out of the page at the upper left according to embodiments of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 illustrates the folded layout showing its thinnest dimensions according to embodiments of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a three dimensional view of the compound zoom lens system according to embodiments of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 illustrates transverse ray aberration plots at Zoom Position Zl with an effective focal length (EFL) of about 3 mm and a field of view (FOV) of about 90 degrees according to embodiments of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 illustrates transverse ray aberration plots at Zoom Position Z2 with an EFL of about 4.5 mm and a FOV of about 67.6 degrees according to embodiments of the present invention.
  • FIG. 12 illustrates transverse ray aberration plots at Zoom Position Z3 with an EFL of about 6.2 mm and a FOV of about 50 degrees according to embodiments of the present invention.
  • FIG. 13 illustrates transverse ray aberration plots at Zoom Position Z4 with an EFL of about 12.4 mm and a FOV of about 26.3 degrees according to embodiments of the present invention.
  • FIG. 14 illustrates transverse ray aberration plots at Zoom Position Z5 with an EFL of about 25 mm and a FOV of about 13.3 degrees according to embodiments of the present invention.
  • a lens system according to embodiments of the present invention is a wide-range, ultra-wide angle optionally rotatable compound zoom with sufficient performance to be used with a 3 megapixel class sensor.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates an unfolded layout of one exemplary embodiment of the compound zoom lens with lens elements and surfaces identified.
  • the specifications of this exemplary embodiment are as approximately follows:
  • the focal lengths covered by the zoom range have a 35mm still camera equivalent of about 21mm to 180mm.
  • This range of focal lengths in a single zoom is unprecedented for a consumer-oriented optical system, and represents virtually all of the focal lengths commonly used by photojournalists and amateur photographers.
  • the vertex length tends to be fairly long.
  • the vertex length is about 98mm.
  • two fold prisms have been included in the exemplary embodiment. It should be noted that other folding configurations are possible. If the fold prisms are eliminated it should be possible to shorten the vertex length by about 10- 15mm.
  • Embodiments of the present invention are particularly suited to folding because a fold prism may be placed near or within the intermediate image in any area that does not interfere with the movement of the zoom groups.
  • conventional compact zoom lenses have lens elements that must retract into the body of the camera, which eliminates most or all or the air gaps within the lens and precludes the insertion of a fold prism.
  • a fold prism (element 9) is located on the object side of the intermediate image, which is located between elements 10 and 11.
  • the fold prism may be located on the object side of the intermediate image.
  • the folded optics train occupies only about 15.6cc, and is small enough to occupy only a small "L" shaped portion of a box-shaped area of about 36cc (e.g. about 57.28mm x 48.36mm x 12.97mm), leaving about 57% of the total volume available for non-optical parts (electronics, mechanical parts, and industrial design features).
  • each lens element is identified by a numeral from 1 through 15 and the general configuration of each lens element is depicted, but the actual radius of each lens surface is set forth below in a table.
  • the lens surfaces are identified by the letter "S" followed by a numeral from Sl through S30.
  • Each lens element has its opposite surfaces identified by a separate but consecutive surface number as, for example, lens element 1 has lens surfaces Sl and S2, lens element 5 has lens surfaces S9 and SlO and so forth, as shown in FIG. 1, except that for doublet lens component ID the coincident facing lens surfaces are given a single surface number S 12.
  • doublet ID is comprised of lens element 6 having a front lens surface SIl and a rear lens surface S 12 and lens element 7 having a front lens surface S 12 (coincidental) and a rear lens surface S 13.
  • the real image surface is identified by the numeral S30.
  • All of the lens surfaces are spherical except lens surfaces S3, S4, S18, S21, S22, S24 and S25 which are aspheric surfaces that are non-spherical, non-piano but rotationally symmetrical about the optical axis.
  • the zoom lens system generally designated 50, of this invention.
  • a first lens group 51 comprises singlet lens elements 1-4.
  • the first lens group 51 is a negative-powered group which gathers light from object space and reduces the angle of the chief ray with respect to the optical axis (identified with a 0).
  • the first lens group is also movable along the optical axis for focusing, as is conventional.
  • a first zoom group 52 comprises a first zoom subgroup 53 and a second zoom subgroup 54.
  • the first zoom subgroup 53 includes the optical stop at surface S9 and comprises singlet lens element 5 and a first doublet ID comprised of lens elements 6 and 7, and the second zoom subgroup 54 comprises a singlet lens element 8.
  • a second lens group 55 is stationary, and comprises singlet lens elements 9-11 and an intermediate image located between elements 10 and 11 or within either element 10 or element 11. Lens elements 10 and 11 together may be identified as a field lens.
  • a second zoom group 56 comprises a third zoom subgroup 57 and a fourth zoom subgroup 58.
  • the third zoom subgroup 57 comprises singlet lens elements 12-14, and the fourth zoom subgroup 58 comprises a singlet lens element 15. Note that throughout the application, the word "zoom" refers to at least one element that changes the magnification of an object conjugate to an image conjugate about the at least one element.
  • first lens unit or portion can be defined to include all lens elements on the object side of the field lens
  • second lens unit or portion can be defined to including all lens elements on the image side of the field lens
  • each lens element The positive or negative power of each lens element is set forth below in TABLE 1.
  • the resultant optical power of each group of lenses is as follows; the first lens group 51 is negative, the first zoom subgroup 53 is positive, the second zoom subgroup 54 is positive, the third zoom subgroup 57 is positive, and the fourth zoom subgroup 58 is positive.
  • the optical design of the exemplary embodiment is comprised of an NPP kernel followed by a PP relay.
  • the front lens group is stationary with respect to the image plane during zooming, as are both of the fold prisms.
  • the kernel alone has a zoom ratio of about 2:1, and the zooming relay has a magnification ratio of about 4:1, giving a total zoom ratio of about 8.6:1. This ratio is larger than that found in nearly all of the compact digital cameras currently on the market, and the field of view at the wide end is dramatically larger than that on any current compact digital camera.
  • the PP relay comprising two independently moving positive zoom subgroups, has a notably simple structure which contributes significantly to the simplicity of the system as a whole. Since both zoom subgroups are positive the total number of elements is minimized while maintaining a very high image quality.
  • the aperture of the system ranges from about f/2.8 to f/6.3, but is constant at about f/2.8 from about 3mm through 6.2mm focal length. From about 6.2mm to 25mm the aperture drops gradually from about f/2.8 to f/6.3.
  • An additional feature of embodiments of the present invention is that it has a high degree of telecentricity, which will allow it to be used successfully with electronic image sensors.
  • the maximum chief ray angle at the image plane is only about 9 degrees, which is five times less than the maximum chief ray angle in object space of about 45 degrees.
  • Each of the zoom subgroups 53, 54, 57 and 58 are movable in both directions along the optical axis for focusing and zooming, depending on their positions.
  • the stationary first lens group 51 and second lens group 55 remain stationary and at a fixed distance from the real image surface S30 during zooming.
  • the horizontal arrows with arrowheads on both ends in the upper portion of FIG. 1 indicate that each of the zoom subgroups 53, 54, 57 and 58 are movable in both axial directions but in a monotonic manner (i.e. in only one direction when progressing from one extreme to the other of adjustments).
  • lens elements While only the lens elements are physically shown in FIG. 1, it is to be understood that conventional mechanical devices and mechanisms are provided for supporting the lens elements and for causing axial movement of the movable groups in a conventional lens housing or barrel.
  • the lens construction and fabrication data for the above described zoom lens system 50 is set forth below in TABLE 1 , which is extracted from data produced by ZEMAX * optical design software that is commercially available from ZEMAX Development Corporation, San Diego, Calif., U.S.A. , which was also used for producing the optical diagrams in FIGs. 2-6.
  • the second and third columns identify the "Group” and “Subgroup,” respectively, to which that optical element (lens) belongs with the same numerals used in FIG. 1.
  • the fourth column “Surface” is a list of the surface numbers of the Stop (iris) S9 and each of the actual surfaces of the lenses, as identified in FIG. 1.
  • the fifth column “Zoom Position” identifies five typical zoom positions (Z1-Z5) of the zoom subgroups 53, 54, 57 and 58 (illustrated in FIGs. 2-6) wherein there are changes in the distance (separation) between some of the surfaces listed in the fourth column, as described below more thoroughly.
  • the sixth column is a list of the optical surface radius of curvature for each surface, with a minus sign (-) meaning the center of the radius of curvature is to the left of the surface, as viewed in FIG. 1, and "Infinity” meaning an optically flat surface.
  • the asterisk (*) for surfaces S3, S4, S18, S21, S22, S24 and S25 indicate these are aspheric surfaces for which the "radius of curvature" is a base radius, and the formula and coefficients for those two surfaces are set forth as a footnote to TABLE 1 at the * (asterisk).
  • the seventh column “Thickness or Separation” is the axial distance between that surface (fourth column) and the next surface. For example, the distance between surface S2 and surface S3 is 1.350 mm.
  • the eighth and ninth columns of TABLE 1 provide the refractive index and Abbe # of each lens element.
  • the last column of TABLE 1 headed "Aperture Diameter” provides the maximum diameter for each surface through which the light rays pass. All of the maximum aperture diameters, except for the Stop surface S9, are calculated assuming an image diagonal of 6mm and a relative aperture ranging from f/2.8 at the shortest focal length to f/6.3 at the longest focal length.
  • the maximum aperture diameters of the Stop surface S9 for Zoom Positions Z1-Z5 are 3.44mm, 4.41 mm, 5.13 mm, 6.88mm, and 9.06mm, respectively.
  • the relative apertures (f-number) for Zoom Positions Z1-Z5 are f/2.8, f/2.8, f/2.8, f/4.0 and f/6.3, respectively.
  • CURV 1 /(Radius of Curvature)
  • Y Aperture height, measured perpendicular to optical axis
  • Z Position of surface profile for a given Y value, as measured along the optical axis from the pole (i.e. axial vertex) of the surface.
  • the coefficients for the surface S3 of item 2 are:
  • the coefficients for the surface S4 of item 2 are:
  • A -8.03814E-04 .
  • B -8.96442E-06
  • the coefficients for the surface S25 of item 13 are:
  • the foregoing footnote * to TABLE 1 includes the equation for calculating the shape of the aspheric surfaces S3, S4, S 18, S21, S22, S24 and S25 for the value Z, wherein CURV is the curvature at the pole of the surface, Y is the height or distance from the optical axis of a specific point on the surface of the glass, K is the conic coefficient, and A, B, C and D are the 4th, 6th, 8th, and 10th, respectively, order deformation coefficients.
  • CURV is the curvature at the pole of the surface
  • Y is the height or distance from the optical axis of a specific point on the surface of the glass
  • K is the conic coefficient
  • A, B, C and D are the 4th, 6th, 8th, and 10th, respectively, order deformation coefficients.
  • there are five different Zoom Positions Zl, Z2, Z3, Z4 and Z5 set forth in the data of TABLE 1 which provide specific data for five different positions for the four movable
  • the Zoom Positions Zl, Z2, Z3, Z4 and Z5 are representative of five positions of the zoom subgroups 53, 54, 57 and 58 with Zoom Positions Zl and Z5 being the extreme positions and Z2, Z3 and Z4 being intermediate positions. Of course, it will be understood that continuous zooming is available between the extreme Zoom
  • FIG. 2 represents the zoom position Zl for which data is set forth above in TABLE 1 with an EFL of about 3.1 mm, a FFOV of about 90.0°, and an F-number of about 2.8.
  • FIG. 2 represents the zoom position Zl for which data is set forth above in TABLE 1 with an EFL of about 3.1 mm, a FFOV of about 90.0°, and an F-number of about 2.8.
  • FIG. 3 represents the zoom position Z2 from TABLE 1 with an EFL of about 4.5 mm, a FFOV of about 67.6°, and an F-number of about 2.8.
  • FIG. 4 represents the zoom position Z3 from TABLE 1 with an EFL of about 6.2 mm, a FFOV of about 50.0°, and an F-number of about 2.8.
  • FIG. 5 represents the zoom position Z4 from TABLE 1 with an EFL of about 12.4 mm, a FFOV of about 27.0°, and an F- number of about 4.0.
  • FIG. 6 represents the zoom position Z5 from TABLE 1 with an EFL of about 24.9 mm, a FFOV of about 13.3°, and an F-number of about 6.3.
  • the focal lengths of each lens element and then each group of lens elements may be calculated by using the aforementioned ZEMAX * op tical design software, and those calculated group focal lengths are as follows:
  • the zoom lens system 50 is provided with one optical stop at the surface S9 which controls the diameter of the aperture through which light rays may pass at that point to thereby cause any light rays in the zoom lens system radially beyond that diameter to be stopped.
  • the optical stop is the location at which a physical iris is located. The iris is located within the first zoom subgroup 53, and moves with that zoom subgroup. Note that in FIG.
  • the four zoom subgroups 53, 54, 57 and 58 are each axially movable independently and their respective movements are coordinated by any convenient means, such as conventional mechanical devices such as cams or the like, to accomplish the desired focusing and zooming functions.
  • the iris of a lens system is located behind the last moving group (to the right in FIGs. 2-6) but zoom lens system 50 has the iris S9 located within the first zoom subgroup 53 and therefore the iris S9 moves axially therewith.
  • the size of the aperture of iris S9 is adjusted as the first zoom subgroup 53 moves axially, as described above, with respect to the maximum aperture diameters listed in TABLE 1 and is given with its largest value in TABLE 1.
  • FIGs. 7 and 8 show two different views of a folded non-rotational system with overall dimensions.
  • FIG. 9 shows a three-dimensional view of the system. As indicated in FIG. 9, the front two elements and the two field lenses can be truncated with a rectangular profile in non-rotational embodiments to minimize bulk.
  • the specifications, performance and optical prescription described and illustrated throughout this application generally correspond to a non-rotating compound zoom lens. However, the optional rotational capability of the compound zoom lens is illustrated in FIG. 9.
  • the first fold prism 900 and the front elements 902 may rotate as a unit about the optical axis 906 with respect to the lens element 908 and all other lens elements and prisms on the image side of the first fold prism 900, as indicated by arrow 910.
  • the rotation could occur between any of the lens elements 912.
  • the second fold prism 914 and all elements and prisms on the object side of the second fold prism 914 may rotate as a unit about the optical axis 916 with respect to the elements and prisms on the image side of the second fold prism 914, as indicated by arrow 918.
  • elements 920 and 922 may be round instead of truncated in rotating embodiments. However, in alternative embodiments the rotation could occur between any of the lens elements 924. In further alternative embodiments, both rotations are possible. These rotations may allow part of the compound zoom lens to be located in the hinge of a clamshell style cellular telephone, for example.
  • rotational embodiments of the present invention require that the detector have a square aspect ratio, each side of the detector being equivalent to the smallest dimension of the rectangular image formed by the optical prescription of the non-rotational embodiment described herein.
  • rotational embodiments of the present invention require some straightforward revisions to the optical prescription to provide for larger prisms and changes to the other lens elements. By doing so, a rectangular image may be captured regardless of how the zoom lens is rotated.
  • the ray aberration graphs for Zoom Positions Z1-Z5, respectively, are shown in a conventional manner by six separate pairs of graphs with the maximum field height of 45° at the lower right corner and zero field height at the upper left corner and for three wavelengths (486 nm, 588 nm, and 656 nm).
  • the left graph in each pair is the Y-FAN, while the right graph in each pair is the X-FAN.
  • Each tic mark on the vertical axis represents 10 microns, and thus the maximum scale is +/- 50 microns.
  • these performance curves establish that in all five Zoom Positions the zoom lens system performs exceptionally well for current broadcast television NTSC quality and very well for HDTV broadcast television quality.

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Abstract

L'invention concerne un système d'objectif zoom compact permettant d'obtenir un zoom à composant éventuellement rotatif à ultra-grand angle et à plage étendue. Dans un mode de réalisation de l'invention, la conception optique est constituée d'un noyau NPP suivi d'un relais PP doté de quatre groupes indépendamment mobiles, deux de ces groupes étant situés de chaque côté d'une image intermédiaire. Le groupe avant est fixe par rapport au plan d'image, comme le sont les prismes doubles. Le noyau présente un rapport de zoom de 2:1 environ, et le relais de zoom présente un rapport d'agrandissement de 4:1 environ, ce qui donne un rapport de zoom total de 8,6:1 environ. Le relais PP est constitué de deux groupes positifs indépendamment mobiles. Les longueurs focales couvertes par la plage de zoom présentent un équivalent d'appareil photographique de 35mm à environ 21mm et 180mm. L'ouverture de ce système est comprise entre f/2,8 et f/6,3 environ, mais est constante entre f/2,8 et 3mm sur une longueur focale de 6,2mm.
PCT/US2005/028908 2004-08-20 2005-08-12 Zoom a composant rotatif a plage etendue et a grand angle WO2006023425A2 (fr)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2007527904A JP5011109B2 (ja) 2004-08-20 2005-08-12 ズームレンズシステム及び複合ズームレンズシステム
AU2005277572A AU2005277572B2 (en) 2004-08-20 2005-08-12 Wide-range, wide-angle, rotatable compound zoom
CA2577629A CA2577629C (fr) 2004-08-20 2005-08-12 Zoom a composant rotatif a plage etendue et a grand angle
EP05785344A EP1779168B1 (fr) 2004-08-20 2005-08-12 Zoom a composant rotatif a plage etendue et a grand angle

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US60334104P 2004-08-20 2004-08-20
US60/603,341 2004-08-20
US11/071,125 US7283309B2 (en) 2004-08-20 2005-03-02 Wide-range, wide-angle, rotatable compound zoom
US11/071,125 2005-03-02

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WO2006023425A2 true WO2006023425A2 (fr) 2006-03-02
WO2006023425A3 WO2006023425A3 (fr) 2006-04-27

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EP (1) EP1779168B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP5011109B2 (fr)
AU (1) AU2005277572B2 (fr)
CA (1) CA2577629C (fr)
WO (1) WO2006023425A2 (fr)

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EP1779168A2 (fr) 2007-05-02
US7283309B2 (en) 2007-10-16
EP1779168B1 (fr) 2012-02-29
AU2005277572A1 (en) 2006-03-02
JP2008511020A (ja) 2008-04-10
US20060056050A1 (en) 2006-03-16
AU2005277572B2 (en) 2010-02-18
CA2577629C (fr) 2012-01-10
WO2006023425A3 (fr) 2006-04-27
EP1779168A4 (fr) 2008-07-23
JP5011109B2 (ja) 2012-08-29
CA2577629A1 (fr) 2006-03-02

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