WO2006013646A1

WO2006013646A1 - Spray water culturing method

Info

Publication number: WO2006013646A1
Application number: PCT/JP2004/018929
Authority: WO
Inventors: Mikio Ichiyama
Original assignee: Centralsun Co.,Ltd.
Priority date: 2004-08-03
Filing date: 2004-12-17
Publication date: 2006-02-09

Abstract

[PROBLEMS] An epoch-making spray culturing employing culture soil as a support and realized by solving problems with a conventional, prior-invention spray water culturing method (spray culturing) employing no agricultural chemical nor chemical manure and by further developing the method. [MEANS FOR SOLVING PROBLEMS] (1) The spray water culturing method for supplying mist-like liquid manure directly to the roots of plants, characterized in that a culture bed, comprising a culture medium container having such a bottom face that allows the roots of plants to extend freely downward and arranged on a frame is used, saplings are grown by laying culture medium containing culture soil and subjected to sterilization in the culture medium container, and a complex liquid manure mixed with amino acid containing antibacterial metal ions is sprayed to the root when the root begins to extend downward from the culture medium. (2) The spray water culturing method according to paragraph (1) in which an electrolysis equipment of water comprising a silver electrode and a platinum electrode is employed as a silver ion generator and silver ions are supplied to the liquid manure.

Description

Specification

Spray hydroponics

Technical field

TECHNICAL FIELD [0001] The present invention relates to an improvement of a spray hydroponics method (spray tillage) for supplying mist-like liquid fertilizer directly to a plant root, and in particular, a conventional spray hydroponics method using no agricultural chemicals or chemical fertilizers. Concerning.

Background art

[0002] The current agriculture has suffered a vicious cycle in which the vitality of the soil has been lost due to the use of pesticides and chemical fertilizers for many years, so that the vitality of plants has declined and more and more pesticides and chemical fertilizers are required. Yes. When comparing the nutritional value of crops between the Showa 20s and the recent period, surprising data have been reported that, although there are differences depending on the production area, they have fallen to about 1 / 2-1 / 10 overall. In addition, pesticides can cause environmental pollution, direct phytotoxicity to farmers, and decreased immunity caused by eating crops containing residual pesticides, which may be one of the causes of cancer and allergic diseases. Cannot be denied. Therefore, the spread of agricultural chemical-free and dechemical fertilizer agriculture as soon as possible is desired.

In addition, hydroponics is known as a plant cultivation method that can cope with soil degradation (for example, see Patent Documents 1 and 2). Hydroponics is also called hydroponics, and it is also called “soil-free cultivation” because it cultivates crops without using soil. It is a field different from soil cultivation as one of the plant cultivation methods of the 21st century. In the spotlight. Today, the decline in the population engaged in crop production and the aging of society are a problem in crop production, and soil cultivation due to salt accumulation failure is serious in institutional horticulture. Hydroponics is being studied as a countermeasure. Hydroponic cultivation is also attracting attention in the area of corporate plant production, especially in biotechnology. Furthermore, regarding the quality of crops (high nutritional value, hope for things), it has become more and more important to know that hydroponics can be easily implemented with high quality and high nutrition. Thus, it can be said that hydroponics has already entered the diffusion stage, depending on the point of view. Table 1 below shows the types of hydroponics currently known. Classification of hydroponics I—Polyester and polyurethane

j ~ Rockwar plowing

Drop method-L_ ceramic fiber plow

(Irrigation method) r- ogakuzu plow beet plow sand plow

L Ichiyashigara Park

Plow tillage single plow NFT plow Hydroponic dredge Liquid type M type Shinto type

Circulation method

(Hydroculture ¾fy Aeration formula Kyowa Hyponica

Intermittent type ····· Shinwa equivalent exchange Capillary suction method ··· ■ Passive tillage Capillary hydroponics

(Floating root formula)

fltJS system fountain IS hydroponic

^L- three-dimensional type Rotating method Cylindrical method Pipe method Tilting method (Adopted in foggy plowing) Hydroponic cultivation uses various supports instead of soil to support plants. Each has advantages and disadvantages, and must be selected according to the characteristics of the crop. In addition, hydroponic cultivation always involves root breathing problems, and various measures have been taken. However, as long as the roots are in solution, they cannot be completely solved. Therefore, in recent years, a method called spray hydroponics (spray plowing) has attracted attention and research is being carried out (for example, see Patent Document 3). Spray plowing is a method in which nutrient solution (liquid fertilizer) is misted with a spray pump and sprayed intermittently on the roots, and the roots are supported in the air without being immersed in the solution, thus avoiding respiratory problems. Can do.

The spray plow currently used in production fields is to insert seedlings planted in polyurethane into a perforated panel, fix the panel diagonally, and spray mist-like liquid manure from the bottom. The cultivation of lettuce. Spray plowing is used in plant factories that aim for short-term promotion by using artificial light sources for complete temperature control and additional application of carbon dioxide, and various researches are actively conducted at agricultural laboratories, agricultural departments, and vocational schools. However, no soil is used for the cultivation medium. This is thought to be due to the fact that hydroponic cultivation is soil-free cultivation, and that the perception of research is becoming common among researchers. However, plants are basically rooted in the soil and take in precious minerals from the soil. Unlike the liquid fertilizer, the soil has various buffering capacities and is a favorable environment for plant growth. Therefore, a certain thickness of soil is used as a cultivation medium, and roots grown through the soil are grown on a growth stage. If nutrients with a concentration consistent with the above can be supplied by liquid fertilizer, the plant will grow steadily, and it will also be possible to enhance the nutritional value of the crops.

The applicant has already applied for an invention based on this concept (see Patent Document 4, hereinafter referred to as a prior invention). However, later examination revealed that the invention of the prior application had several points to be improved.

Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-46577

Patent Document 2: Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-275831

Patent Document 3: Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-213180

Patent Document 4: Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2003-274774

Disclosure of the invention

Problems to be solved by the invention

[0004] An object of the present invention is to solve the problems of the spray hydroponic cultivation method (spray plowing) using a culture soil as a support material, and to provide further innovative spray plowing.

Means for solving the problem

[0005] The above-mentioned problems are solved by the following inventions 1) to 6).

1) In the spray hydroponics method in which mist-like liquid fertilizer is directly supplied to the plant roots, a cultivation bed with a cultivation medium container having a bottom surface on which the plant roots can freely extend downward is installed on a stand. The cultivation medium container is used to cultivate young trees by sterilizing the cultivation medium containing culture soil and cultivated, and the roots extend downward from the cultivation medium. A spray hydroponics method characterized by spraying roots with a synthetic liquid fertilizer containing amino acids containing ions.

2) The spray hydroponics method according to 1), wherein the cultivation medium contains at least humus (completely composted), chitin 'chitosan and zeolite.

3) The spray hydroponic cultivation method according to 1) or 2), wherein the total liquid fertilizer containing amino acids is a mixture of separately prepared organic liquid fertilizer and calcium composite liquid fertilizer.

4) Silver ions are selected as the antibacterial metal ions, and a water electrolyzer equipped with a silver electrode and a platinum electrode is used as a silver ion generator to supply silver ions to liquid manure 1) (1) The spray hydroponics method according to any one of (3). 5) Use a cultivation medium container with a mesh bottom, lay a net on the bottom, provide a tray for collecting liquid fertilizer at the bottom of the gantry and circulate the liquid fertilizer by installing a sedimentation tank equipped with a disk filter in the liquid fertilizer circulation path The spray hydroponic cultivation method according to any one of 1) to 4), wherein a net shelf is used to prevent the stretched roots from falling to the saucer above the saucer.

6) The spray hydroponic cultivation method according to any one of 1) to 5), wherein the size of the droplets of the mist-like liquid fertilizer to be sprayed is a mist (fog) of 50 μm or less.

The invention's effect

[0006] According to the present invention, it is possible to freely manage manure by circulating the total liquid fertilizer containing amino acids, which has the advantages of spray cultivation and soil cultivation, and which was not possible in conventional hydroponics. The plant looks like a tree with roots drenched in the ground, has a forcing effect, extends the harvest period, secures amazing yields, and is a high-quality crop that is nutritious and long-lasting Can provide an epoch-making cultivation method.

Brief Description of Drawings

[0007] FIG. 1 is a bird's-eye view showing an outline of an example of a cultivation facility used in the present invention.

[FIG. 2] A design diagram of an example of a cultivation bed which is a platform and cultivation medium container force used in the present invention. (a) Front view, (b) Partial side view.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of a cultivation medium container and a medium outflow prevention net used in the present invention. (A) A cultivation medium container having a mesh-like lower part, (b) a net laid on the bottom of the mesh, and (c) a state where a net is laid on the bottom of the cultivation medium container.

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

[0008] Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.

Although the invention of the prior application is far superior to the prior art, it has been found that there are many points to be improved, and the present invention has solved these points. The improvements will be described in order below.

(1) Improvement of profitability

Spray farming has several times higher initial investment than conventional hydroponic facilities, so it is difficult for ordinary farmers to adopt, although it is suitable for cultivation. Therefore, facility manufacturer Is not actively developing. Therefore, as a result of investigating the spray plowing method, which can be profitable even if the initial investment is high, the growth of healthy young larvae in the cultivation medium using the soil with a composition suitable for growth and the stage where the roots emerged Therefore, by supplying enough nutrients to the roots using amino acid-containing total liquid fertilizer containing metal ions for antibacterial purposes described later, the leaf emergence rate and growth rate can be significantly improved compared to normal soil cultivation, and the trees We have developed a highly productive cultivation system that does not decrease daily yield until the renewal, which has been over one year without aging.

Furthermore, in the practice of the present invention, an elevated cultivation bed is usually used, but the cultivation medium container is used for agriculture on a pedestal that supports the cultivation medium container at a height of about 80 cm (a height with good operability of the container). Zinc-plated steel pipe (25 mm in diameter) is used, and a base plate is installed at the bottom of the gantry so that it can cope with rough terrain. The cultivation bed has an extremely simple structure in which steel pipes are assembled on site using connecting fittings. If the shield is fixed with a bi-pet using agricultural grades P (polyolefin), it can be made a simpler, lower-cost labor-saving facility.

(2) Device of antibacterial method

In recent years, hydroponics has a tendency to increase liquid fertilizer concentration aiming at forcing cultivation, and as a result, the accumulation of nitrate nitrogen harmful to food in crops is increasing. In soil culture with organic fertilizer as the center, it is only necessary to use organic fertilizer in hydroponics. However, when organic fertilizer is mixed with liquid fertilizer, microorganisms can invade. Because of the assimilation (eating) of organic components, the following obstacles (1) 1 (3) occur. For this reason, organic fertilizer can only be applied by foliar application.

(1) The organic fertilizer component is not absorbed by the crop and is wasted.

(2) When microorganisms propagate, they form a slime, or they take root and cause respiratory problems.

(3) In spray plowing, liquid fertilizer is pressurized with a pump and sprayed with mist from the nozzle, but the propagated microorganisms block the nozzle and the filter in the liquid fertilizer circulation path, resulting in poor circulation.

In order to deal with these obstacles, antibacterial measures against liquid fertilizer are essential, but conventional nutrient solution antibacterial systems such as UV sterilization method, ozone sterilization method, and heat sterilization method are expensive and have a large capacity. There are examples of test adoption, but not full-scale adoption. [0010] On the other hand, for example, kings and aristocracy of medieval Europe used silver tableware to prevent food corruption and protect themselves from poisoning, and copper compounds are used as insecticides, as represented by Bordeaux liquid. It has been known for a long time that metal ions such as silver ions and copper ions have a high bactericidal effect. Therefore, the present inventors examined the use of silver ions as an antibacterial system that is low in cost and can ensure food safety.

First, a method for obtaining an antibacterial effect by binding silver ions to an inverse glass (sodium silicate glass) that dissolves in water and constantly releasing a certain amount of silver ions in water using its sustained release properties. A suppression test was conducted. A reverse glass containing silver ions was immersed at a rate of 20 grams per 10 liters of liquid fertilizer, and the silver ion concentration measured after 24 hours was 70 p pb. The liquid fertilizer was inoculated with the hydraulic beet that was generated in the untreated liquid fertilizer and waited for growth, but no growth occurred and the inoculated hydro-bi disappeared. This test was repeated many times at different temperatures, and it was confirmed that the growth of microorganisms could be reliably suppressed with a silver ion concentration of 70 ppb or more.

However, this method releases all silver ions in about 3 months, so it is necessary to replenish silver ions every 3 months. Therefore, we developed a water electrolysis system using silver as an electrode, and devised a system that can be used as a silver ion generator that only needs to be replaced once every two years. That is, an electrolyzer equipped with a silver electrode and a platinum electrode is connected to a DC power source that can be varied within a range of 10-25 V, and the liquid fertilizer is aerated and stirred while the electrode is installed in the nutrient solution tank. For example, the system is a system in which the generated silver ions diffuse into the liquid fertilizer and exert an antibacterial effect. The silver ion concentration is in the 70-lOOppb range, and the appropriate ion concentration can always be maintained by detecting the concentration with an ion sensor and controlling the voltage applied to the electrolyzer. If this antibacterial system is adopted, microbial contamination of liquid fertilizer is completely prevented, and there will be no problem at all using a synthetic liquid fertilizer containing amino acids, which will be described later, and maintenance work can be reduced.

In the above system, silver ions are most preferable from the viewpoint of power safety and the like that can change silver ions to other metal ions.

[0011] (3) Development of integrated liquid fertilizer containing amino acids Various types of amino acid liquid fertilizers made from fish waste are available, but liquid fertilizers with amino acids combined with comprehensive fertilizers (nitrogen 'phosphorous'potassium' calcium · magnesium · other trace elements) There is no liquid fertilization. This is because when organic substances and calcium are combined, they bind and precipitate. As a result, only chemical fertilizer is used, and the original taste and aroma of the crop are not produced, so the hydroponically grown crop has a somewhat stunning taste, no flavor and a high fake feeling. However, when amino acid is added to the liquid fertilizer to solve the problem of taste and aroma, microbial contamination does not occur in the concentrated stock solution, but it is immediately contaminated with microorganisms when diluted to the application concentration. Therefore, in a nutrient solution system that does not incorporate an antibacterial system, it is currently impossible to add amino acids to the liquid manure and the foliar application is stopped, and liquid fertilizer manufacturers also make integrated liquid fertilizers containing amino acids. Les.

Therefore, as a result of studying the integrated liquid fertilizer containing amino acids on the premise of adopting the above antibacterial system, it became possible to obtain suitable liquid fertilizer by crop from pure materials. An example of the procedure of the creation method is shown in the following (ii) one (f). However, the production method is not limited to this, and various liquid fertilizers can be produced by appropriately changing raw materials and production procedures. (Ii) Use organic materials obtained by concentrating boiled soup and boiled fish oil when boiling the edible portion of salmon. (Because it does not include the built-in, there is no risk of heavy metals etc.)

(Mouth) After treatment with proteolytic enzyme to break down into amino acids, heat treatment to inactivate the enzyme. (A stable amino acid with a stable molecular weight can always be ensured by adopting enzymatic decomposition.) (C) Contaminants are filtered and removed with high precision using a high-pressure filter press. (Since there is no impurities, the worry of clogging is eliminated, and the viscosity factor is removed at the same time.)

(2) In addition to nitrate nitrogen, water-soluble phosphoric acid and potassium in a reaction kettle, add the necessary trace elements to obtain organic liquid fertilizer.

(E) Calcium liquid fertilizer is prepared separately from organic liquid fertilizer in order to avoid precipitation, and a suitable amount of nitrate nitrogen and compoundable magnesium, manganese, boron, copper, zinc, etc. is mixed to form a calcium combined liquid fertilizer.

(F) Mix and dilute organic liquid fertilizer: calcium complex liquid fertilizer at a ratio of about 2: 1 so as not to cause interference and precipitation.

One of the developed liquid fertilizers was registered with the Minister of Agriculture and Forestry in accordance with Article 7 of the Fertilizer Control Law. It was recorded and registered on June 25, 2004. The specifications are shown in Table 2 below.

[Table 2] Organic liquid fertilizer>

Name of fertilizer C S Shiso Amino Registration number No. 8 5 1 4 6

Fertilizer tolerance Liquid compound fertilizer

Guarantee ingredient of fertilizer (./.) Total nitrogen 2. 0

內 Nitrate nitrogen 1. 0

Water-soluble phosphoric acid 1.5

Water-soluble potassium 7.0

As a material for promoting the effects used

Ethylenediammine iron tetrasuccinate (as iron) 0.0 0 0 1 Sodium molybdate (as molybdenum) 0. 0 0 0 8 <Calcium complex fertilizer>

Name of fertilizer C S Mist No. 1 Registration No. Raw No. 8 5 1 4 7

Fertilizer content Liquid compound fertilizer

Guarantee ingredient of fertilizer (%) Nitrate nitrogen 7.5

Water-soluble additive 1. 0

Water soluble clay 3.2

Water-soluble manganese 0. 0 7

Water-soluble boron 0. 0 7

As a material that promotes the use of effects

Lime nitrate (as calcium) 8.1 8

Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid copper (as copper) 0.0 0 1 Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid zinc (as zinc) 0.001

(4) Improvement of cultivation medium

In the invention of the previous application, the ability to use sterilized culture soil as the culture medium. This culture soil alone does not sufficiently satisfy the requirements for water permeability (breathability), water retention, base replacement capacity, etc. I was angry. That is, the soil used for normal soil cultivation was sterilized with humus (completely composted) mixed with chitin 'chitosan that complements the growth activity and zeolite that increases the base substitution capacity as the cultivation medium. Use things. As a result, water permeability (breathability) and water retention are greatly improved, and a moderate fertilization effect is provided. It is ideal as a cultivation medium for crops in the early stages of growth, and the growth of young trees is further enhanced. Humus (ripe compost): chitin • chitosan: zeolite is preferably about 50% 60%: 100 times aqueous solution 5-6%: 10-15%. Add soil to this and make it 100% as a whole. The cultivation medium should be sterilized using a method such as sterilization using steam at a high temperature of about 90 ° C. The culture medium is preferably sterilized by heat sterilization after every crop and then completely recycled. (5) Prevention of culture medium outflow

In order to prevent the cultivation medium from flowing out from the mesh at the bottom of the cultivation medium container due to irrigation or liquid fertilizer and mixing with the circulating liquid fertilizer, it is possible to put a net on the mesh at the bottom of the container. desirable. Insect nets may be used for the net, but in consideration of the environment, biodegradable “polylactic acid fiber” made using lactic acid obtained from the starch power of corn (for example, manufactured by Kanebo: Ratatron, Unitika) : Terramac, manufactured by Kuraray: Plaster) is preferably used. The mesh size of the net may be appropriately selected according to the medium, but it is usually about 0.8-1.

Further nutrient solution sedimentation tank (flow rate 5mZ min) provided on the circulation path, together equipped a high filter is disc filter (25 mu _m) is also accuracy, take countermeasures without returning silt in the nutrient solution tank Power is desirable. The use of a disk filter can significantly reduce clogging of nodules.

[0014] (6) Prevention of accumulation of stretched roots on the saucer

Since the roots grow and accumulate on a tray for collecting liquid fertilizer (for example, a drain pan) and dampen the circulating liquid fertilizer, the roots may soak in the liquid fertilizer and the respiration of the root may be incomplete. Therefore, it is preferable to provide a net shelf above the saucer (usually about 100 mm above) so that the roots do not fall down to the saucer. This net uses a highly water-resistant resin (for example, made of vinyl), and the mesh is usually about 0 · 8−1 · Omm.

(7) Uniform spraying of mist liquid fertilizer

Since the stretched roots become walls and the mist-like liquid fertilizer is not sufficiently spread to the roots of the strain far from the spray nozzle, it may cause growth failure. It shall be foggy (fog) below xm. If the droplet is small, it stays in the air for a long time after spraying, eventually fills the mist chamber and enters a narrow gap, so that the liquid fertilizer is sufficiently supplied to the root of the strain away from the nozzle. .

Here, the outline of the facility for carrying out the spray hydroponics of the present invention will be briefly described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this.

Fig. 1 is a bird's-eye view showing an outline of an example of a cultivation facility, where a cultivation bed with a cultivation medium container placed on a frame made of an agricultural zinc-plated steel pipe is installed. There is a facility for dripping liquid fertilizer on the cultivation medium, and a mist shower facility for spraying repellents of pests and mold fungus and air-conditioning in midsummer. In the lower space of the bed, equipment for spraying liquid manure on the roots of the plant is installed, and on the bottom of the gantry, equipment for circulating the remainder of the liquid fertilizer sprayed is installed. Actual cultivation is usually carried out by arranging a number of cultivation facilities shown in Fig. 1 in an agricultural house.

Figure 2 is a design drawing of an example of a cultivation bed consisting of a gantry and a cultivation medium container. The unit of dimensions in the figure is mm. In this figure, there is a drain pan for collecting and circulating excess liquid fertilizer at the bottom of the gantry, and a net shelf for preventing the roots of the plant extending from the top of the drain pan from descending to the drain pan. . In addition, a base plate is provided at the bottom of the gantry to deal with rough terrain.

The shape, structure, and material of the culture medium container are not particularly limited as long as the roots of the plant can pass through the bottom surface and freely extend downward, and a known one having a mesh-like bottom surface may be used. . However, since the cultivation medium is spread, it is preferable to have a side wall with an appropriate height at the end so that the cultivation medium does not spill from the container. In addition, as mentioned above, it is desirable to place a net on the mesh bottom of the container to prevent the culture medium from flowing out (see Figure 3). The depth of the medium spread in the container is usually 4 to 6 cm. If it is too shallow, it will not function as a support material, and the advantage of combining hydroponics and soil cultivation will be lost, and if too deep, the advantage of hydroponics will be lost. Kunare, However, since it varies depending on the type of plant and the nature of the cultivation medium, it is not limited to the above range. The platform will be about 70-80cm in height and about 80-100cm in width, but it can be changed as appropriate depending on the working environment. The length is arbitrary because it varies depending on the size of the house, the number and arrangement of the houses. In the lower space of the cultivation bed, a nutrient solution (liquid fertilizer) mist spraying device (for example, a PVC pipe having mist nozzles at regular intervals) is provided. Cultivation The both sides of the bed are covered with plastic sheets, and the lower space is a simple mist spraying room. It is preferable to use plant-derived substances (such as Clara preparations) as repellents for the above-mentioned pests and mold diseases. Further, an extract from a plant (for example, see Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-691 related to the applicant's application) may be sprayed for antibacterial, deodorant, plant activation and the like. In addition, agricultural machinery Insects and cultivation facilities may be provided with an insect net as a measure against insects.

[0017] The present invention can be applied to any plant that can be spray-cultivated. Representative examples include large-bellied perilla, tomato, honey beet, lettuce, strawberry, melon, spinach and the like. Since it is pesticide-free, it can be used to produce safe crops and has a longer shelf life and higher nutritional value than commercial ones. For tomatoes, strawberries, melons, etc., extremely high quality crops can be obtained, such as a dramatic increase in sugar content. Especially for large leaf perilla, the residual amount of nitrate nitrogen can be greatly reduced due to the effect of the integrated liquid fertilizer with amino acids, and the value of allylic aldehyde, the perfuming ingredient of perilla, increases, combined with the fact that pesticides are not used. In contrast, the size of a normal large leaf perilla is 6 cm × 8 cm (M size), but in the present invention, a size of about 10 cm × 12 cm can be easily obtained. In general, when the size is increased, the leaves become harder and the cake becomes stronger and the commercial value is lowered. However, in the present invention, the same softness and taste are maintained regardless of whether the size is large or small. In addition, the roots of all plants grow significantly, but because they are cultivated completely pesticide-free and contain abundant minerals, they are expected to be used for various purposes including food.

Example

[0018] In the agricultural house, cultivation facilities such as those outlined in Fig. 1 and Fig. 3 were installed, and large leaf perilla was cultivated. The cultivation medium is a mixture of humus (completely composted), chitin 'chitosan and zeolite, 55%: 100 times aqueous solution and 5%: 12% (volume ratio) added to soil to make 100%, It was used after being sterilized with high-temperature steam at 95 ° C. 20 days after sowing, the plant was planted in a cultivation bed, and from the stage where the roots extended below the culture medium, the total liquid fertilizer containing amino acids containing antibacterial silver ions (as mentioned above, organic liquid fertilizer: calcium complex liquid fertilizer = 2: 1 The liquid fertilizer mixed at the volume ratio was sprayed on the roots. The results are shown in Table 3 below for the conventional cultivation method of the applicant's prior invention and the conventional standard cropping pattern shown in Table 3 below.

Table 3

[Table 3]

Toyohashi had been experimentally cultivated in Oita, but none of them continued, and the current facility warming cultivation is all done by soil cultivation, and it is impossible to harvest without spraying a large amount of pesticide. It is.

First, when comparing the harvesting period, as shown in Table 3, only one crop can be cultivated per year in the open field cultivation, and the harvesting period is short. In the facility warming cultivation, 2 crops per year are standard, and the harvesting period is longer than that in open field cultivation. However, since the aging of the trees decreases and the leafing rate decreases, it is necessary to update the trees every crop. On the other hand, the spray hydroponics method using a cultivation medium does not cause a decrease in the leaf emergence rate due to aging of the tree over a long period of time. Then, it is possible to harvest continuously for 14 months.

Next, when comparing the yields, in the facility warming cultivation, it is around 3.5 million per 10a per year, but in the invention of the prior application, it doubles to 7 million per year, and in the present invention it reaches about 10 million per year. Yield.

The difference in yield between the invention of the prior application and the present invention will be explained in more detail. In the invention of the prior application, the initial harvest becomes possible in about 1.5 months from the fixed planting, and one can be harvested every 3 days. The medium-term harvest becomes possible in one month, and one can be harvested per day. The total amount can be harvested in about one month from the medium-term harvest, and two to three can be harvested per day. In the invention, it is about one month to enable the initial harvest of the same number of sheets, about half a month to enable medium-term harvesting, and about half a month to enable total harvesting. it can. That is, the present invention is faster in harvesting than the prior invention, and can be harvested for a long time.

Claims

The scope of the claims

[1] In the spray hydroponics method in which mist-like liquid fertilizer is directly supplied to plant roots, cultivation with a cultivation medium container having a bottom surface on which the plant roots can freely extend downward is installed on a stand A bed is used to cultivate young trees by spreading the sterilized culture medium containing culture soil in the culture medium container, and from the stage where the roots extend below the culture medium. Spray hydroponic cultivation, characterized by spraying roots with a synthetic liquid fertilizer containing amino acids containing various metal ions.

2. The spray hydroponic cultivation method according to claim 1, wherein the cultivation medium contains at least humus (completely composted), chitin 'chitosan and zeolite.

[3] The spray hydroponic cultivation method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a mixed liquid of organic liquid fertilizer and calcium composite liquid fertilizer prepared separately is used as the total liquid fertilizer containing amino acids.

[4] The method is characterized in that silver ions are selected as the antibacterial metal ions, and water electrolysis apparatus equipped with silver electrodes and platinum electrodes is used as a silver ion generator to supply silver ions to liquid fertilizer. Item 1. A spray hydroponics method according to any one of items 1 to 3.

[5] Using a culture medium container with a mesh bottom, lay a net on the bottom, provide a tray for collecting liquid fertilizer at the bottom of the mount, and circulate the liquid fertilizer with a settling tank equipped with a disk filter in the liquid fertilizer circulation path The spray hydroponic cultivation method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a net shelf is used to prevent the extended root from descending to the saucer above the saucer.

[6] The spray hydroponic cultivation according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the droplets of the mist-like liquid fertilizer to be sprayed are in a mist (fog) of 50 μm or less. Law.