JPS6360905A - Growth promoting adjuvant water for cultivating plant such as field crop or the like - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain the titled adjuvant water, consisting of Ag ion water at a specific pH or above and AgO<->, Ag(OH)2<-> and Ag2(OH)<+> ion concentrations within specific ranges and having effects, e.g. improvement of soil, control of pathogenic germs, etc., growth promotion of leaves and stems, photosynthesis promotion under a low quantity of light, etc. CONSTITUTION:Growth promoting adjuvant water, consisting of Ag ion water having >=8pH and 30-2,000ppb AgO<->, Ag(OH)2<-> and Ag2(OH)<+> ion concentrations and useful for cultivating plants, e.g. field crops, etc., particularly growth adjuvant water, consisting of Ag ion water having 250-450muV/cm<3> electric conductivity and useful for cultivating plants, e.g. field crops, etc. Acid soil can be neutralized by using the above-mentioned adjuvant water and bal anced soil colloid condition rich in nutriments, e.g. inorganic components, etc., can be formed. Blights can be effectively prevented without adversely affecting the human body and propagation of useful germs, e.g. symbiotic germs, etc., in soil can be promoted to create excellent symbiotic environment.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention "Technical Field" The present invention is directed to the use of Ag ion water, which has effects such as improving soil, controlling pathogens, etc., promoting the growth of stems and leaves, and promoting photosynthesis under low light levels. It relates to growth promotion supplementary water for cultivation (hereinafter referred to as "growth promotion supplementary water").

``Prior art and its problems'' When cultivating crops etc. in open field, various soil conditioners,! 1
It is a well-known fact that drugs and growth promoters are used.

In Japan's climate, where there is a lot of rainfall throughout the year, a so-called leaching phenomenon occurs in which bases in the soil dissolve and permeate downward, causing the soil to become acidic. When soil becomes acidic, inorganic components necessary for plants are depleted, harmful ions such as AI ions increase, phosphoric acid combines with aluminum and iron and becomes unable to be absorbed, and the activity of useful microorganisms in the soil is reduced. Various problems arise, such as weakening of the power. For this reason, measures such as scattering lime or applying organic fertilizers or phosphoric acid fertilizers have often been taken to make the soil M-sacrificial.

However, spraying lime or applying organic fertilizers or phosphoric acid fertilizers leads to aging of the soil itself, is labor intensive and costly, and does not produce significant effects. was the actual situation. Furthermore, there has been little positive effect on suppressing pathogenic bacteria in the soil, increasing the activity of useful microorganisms, and preventing diseases.

In recent years, hydroponic cultivation using greenhouses that are separate from soil has also become popular. II Hydroponic cultivation is broadly divided into mist method, hydroponic method, solid medium cultivation method, etc.
In both cases, the composition of the culture medium can be adjusted artificially, so the advantage is that crops can be cultivated under more suitable conditions.
This aims to make agriculture a factory-based industry.

However, in greenhouse-based hydroponic cultivation, the temperature and humidity tend to be high, which can lead to the growth of harmful bacteria, harmful molds, and other microorganisms in the culture solution. A devastating blow! ! There is a risk of receiving 2. For this reason, disease prevention has become the biggest challenge, but the only solution to this problem so far has been the heavy use of pesticides. However, as numerous cases have shown, heavy use of S drugs carries the risk of causing significant harm to the health of beginners. Zarani! ! When drugs are used for many years, there is a strong tendency for bacteria to develop resistance to them.

In general, the amount of light is an important factor in the cultivation of agricultural products, and when the amount of light is insufficient, photosynthesis becomes inactive, resulting in a significant drop in growth rate. This was considered to be the fate of greenhouse cultivation, especially regardless of the season, and was thought to be a problem that could not be solved by any growth promoter.

Incidentally, attempts have been made to utilize Ag ion water as health drinking water or as a disinfectant for swimming pools. However, all of these methods focus only on the Ag ion bactericidal effect, and no attempt has been made to effectively utilize Ag ion water in the agricultural field.

"Purpose of the Invention" The purpose of the present invention is to solve problems such as acidification and aging of soil, and to solve problems such as negative effects on the human body caused by accumulation of chemical drugs in plants such as agricultural products due to continuous administration of pesticides. To prevent diseases such as crops, etc., without worrying about
Another object of the present invention is to provide an epoch-making growth-promoting auxiliary water that has the effect of promoting the growth of the stems and leaves of agricultural crops, etc., and also has the effect of increasing the photosynthetic ability of agricultural crops, etc.

"Structure of the Invention" The growth promoting supplementary water of the present invention has a pH of 8 or more, Ag0-5A
C+(OH)2-189□(Kane)+Ion concentration 30-2
000ppb electrical conductivity/1250-450 u Ll/
It is characterized by consisting of Ag ion water of cm3.

When the growth-promoting supplementary water of the present invention is sprinkled on acidic soil, its alkali content neutralizes the acidic soil, and inorganic components such as metals contained in the soil are activated by adding electrochemical potential to the soil. Through forced exchange with hydrogen ions attached to colloids, it is possible to form normal, well-balanced soil colloids that are rich in inorganic components necessary for the growth of agricultural crops.

In soil cultivation, organic fertilizers are often used in conjunction with fertilization, and there are many microorganisms that decompose organic matter in the soil and take the form of disease-causing bacteria, chlamydospores, and oospores, which are very powerful! ! Millet is often ineffective as well.

When the soil is soaked with the growth promoting supplementary water of the present invention,
There is no complex bond between the proteins contained in soil and Ag ions, so they come into contact with pathogenic bacteria and microorganisms as they are, flow into the cells from their cell membranes according to the gradient of electrochemical potential, and are stimulated by the catalytic action of Ag ions. By causing the ethylenic phenomenon of unsaturated fatty acids in cell membranes, Part 11! It is possible to drastically reduce the number of pathogenic microorganisms without losing their ability.

Naturally, the number of symbiotic beneficial bacteria in the plant also decreases dramatically, but after that, as the plant roots actively increase their length and secrete organic matter, only the symbiotic beneficial bacteria proliferate, creating a healthy symbiotic environment for the plant. able to make. This also takes advantage of the time lag between harmful microorganisms destroying stable symbiotic relationships and multiplying.

In addition, in the case of hydroponic cultivation, by mixing the growth-promoting supplementary water of the present invention into the nutrient solution, it is possible to prevent the effects of bacteria or fungi that adhere to organic fertilizers and root proteins on the cell membranes. The deactivation effect is exactly the same.

Furthermore, when the growth-promoting supplementary water of the present invention is sprayed on the foliage of a plant, the bacteriostatic effect against disease-causing bacteria on the foliage is also quite remarkable.

The Ag ion water of the present invention is safe for the human body!
It is not as dangerous as I drugs. Another advantage of the bacteriostatic effect of Ag ions is that resistant bacteria do not occur.

Furthermore, the growth-promoting supplementary water of the present invention has a remarkable effect of promoting the elongation of plant stems and leaves, especially vegetables, and is effective in harvesting in a short time and increasing yield.

It has been proven through many experiments that hormones in plants are deeply involved in plant growth. There are many cases where cultivation is promoted using chemically synthesized hormones.

Typical plant hormones include auxin, gibberellin, cytokinin, etile, etc.
Among the growth-suppressing effects due to these complex interactions, gibberellin is known as a hormone involved in promoting shoot and leaf growth.

Analyzing the mechanism of plant stem and leaf growth, it occurs through two patterns: an increase in the number of cells due to cell division and an increase in the size of the cells. Growth occurs through cell division at the leading edge of leaves and roots, but cells rapidly increase in size a few millimeters back from the tip. The mechanism is mainly that cell division occurs first, and after that division has stopped, there comes a period when the cell size actively increases.

This growth by increasing cell volume is unique to plants, and is largely due to cell vacuolization, or water absorption, resulting in the cytoplasm being pressed against the rigid cell wall and forming a thin boundary layer. Sometimes. Therefore 1
It is clear that for water absorption to occur, either the osmotic potential or the wall pressure, or both, must change. When growth continues for a certain period of time, the cell fluid becomes extremely diluted, so in order to maintain the osmotic potential at a constant value, a considerable amount of osmotic active substances such as sugars, bases, and organic acids are transported into the vacuole. There must be.

During the increase in cell volume due to vacuolization, irreversible plastic elongation occurs in the cell wall, and it is thought that cell wall softening is a prerequisite for cell vacuolization.

This is evidenced by the phenomenon in which water uptake into the platoblast (a plant cell with its cell wall removed) begins due to cell wall softening. Although it is not clear in many fields how plant hormones are involved in cell walls and cells, empirical tests have shown that auxin softens cell walls and increases permeability and reversible elongation of wall membranes. It has been observed that gibberellins promote cell growth by increasing the osmotic potential of cell fluid.

In general, gibberellin has a basic carbon skeleton of gibberellin, the degree of saturation of the A ring of the appropriate snowmelt, and the hydroxyl group (-
It is known that the activation depends on the number and position of leaves).

Based on this phenomenon, by involving Ag ions as a catalyst, C2H5':C2H4 of indole ethyl acetate, which is the storage form of auxin in plant fibers, is
Separated as leaves, suppressing the ethylene effect, and
In addition to activating auxin and promoting cell wall softening, gibberellin activation is promoted by supplying a large amount of Ag ions and weakly bonded hydroxyl groups to the basic structure with gibberellin carbon skeleton, which increases the osmotic potential of cell fluid. This may be due to the absorption of large amounts of ionized water, which may enable the rapid growth of shoots and leaves.Roughly speaking, the relative concentration of auxin and cykanin reaches a constant level in the root region, and the roots grow. It was assumed that the absorption rate would increase as a result of the elongation.

Therefore, ^9O-1Ag(OH)2-1^92(OH)
+Ion concentration 3O-2000ppb, electrical conductivity 25
When 0-450 uU/cm3 of Ag ion water was applied, the acidic soil was neutralized and soil colloids were normalized, and the osmotic pressure in the soil was lower than that of the roots, increasing the water absorption potential. In both cases, auxin in plants could be activated by the catalytic action of Ag, and gibberellin could be activated by the supply of OH- ions. As a result, as in Example 3, the root region significantly elongated, and the stem region succeeded in achieving an astonishing 20 to 30% elongation of normal growth in a short period of time.

In general, the growth-promoting auxiliary water of the present invention made it possible to grow the stems and leaves of agricultural crops in low light levels.

The reason for this invention is considered to be as follows.

Plant chloroplasts (chlorophyll) absorb light energy (
hr)! By using hydrogen in water as a reducing agent, C
Carbohydrates are converted by fixed reduction of O□, but in the process ATP is synthesized and NADP is reduced in the light reaction (2H20+2NADP→xADP"XPlight→2NA
DPH2"XATP"02) and ATP and NADPH2TE GO2% K hydrate is fixed in the so-called Calvin-Henson cycle dark reaction (CO2"2NADPH2"
XATP →CH2O"H2O"2NAPD◆XADP
◆ From the phenomenon that -ions and e (electrons) are involved in the formation of NADPH2 and the synthesis of ATP, if the energy of light is converted into a difference in the electrochemical potential of H+, and this is used for the synthesis of ATP, then By artificially providing an H+ electrochemical potential difference between the inside and outside of the chloroplast membrane, ATP synthesis can be carried out without light or electron transfer. By delivering Ag ions and leaf ions, we thought it would be possible to activate auxin and hererin, which are types of growth hormones mentioned above, and to achieve sufficient growth of leaves even under low light levels. .

Therefore, experiments were conducted to determine whether ATP could be produced by acid-base treatment of chloroplasts.

In order to introduce H+ into the chloroplast, add PH4 to the reaction solution.
In order to show that the electron transport system was not involved after soaking for 1 minute, DCMU, an electron transport coarsening agent, was added, and the test was carried out in the evening to show that it was not light energy.

Therefore, ADP and 32P necessary for the synthesis of ATP, Zarani M
921 was added, Tris-Na0Hi was added to make this alkali, and the chloroplast soaked in the PH4 reaction solution was added. In this way, although the Tato solution is alkaline, the inside of the Waroroblast remains acidic, completing the so-called acid-base treatment. As a result, A
We demonstrated that TP can be created. Therefore, A
PH8 or higher, Ag0-1Ag due to g-ion manufacturing equipment
(OH)-, Ag゜(Kano) “ion concentration 30-2000
ppb, electrical conductivity 250-450 uU/cm
When Ag9 ion water was collected, sprayed on soil, or mixed into water for hydroponic cultivation and absorbed by plants, even in low light levels where plant growth could not normally be expected,
As a result of the experiment (as shown in Example 4), we were able to successfully grow stems and leaves.

The Ag ion water constituting the growth promotion supplementary water of the present invention is P
H8 or higher, Ag0-1Ag(OH)2-1Ag□(OH
) + ion J degree is said to be 30 to 2000 ppb.

The reason for setting the pH above 8 is that regardless of the type of trace elements, the presence of "H+" protons is greatly involved in the bonding between them and proteins, and under neutral conditions of below PH 8 and above 5, Ag ions are Ag ions tend to form complexes with other substances such as protein clouds in the water or in the nutrient solution and are easily adsorbed, and the bacteriostatic effect and activating effect of Ag ions are no longer exhibited. Ag0miAg(OH)2-1
The reason why Ag2 (OH door ion concentration a) was set at 30-2000 ppb is that if it is less than 30 ppb, it will not be possible to obtain a sufficient bacteriostatic effect in the soil or nutrient solution, and if it exceeds 2000 ppb, it will inhibit useful bacteria such as co-dominant bacteria. This is because it will even prevent it from growing.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the Ag ion water has an electrical conductivity of 250-450 ulJr'cm3. In this way, the electrical conductivity is set to 250u jJ/cm
3 or above, by increasing the electrochemical potential, Ag ions can easily permeate cell membranes of bacteria, etc., and hydrogen ions bound to soil colloids can be forcibly exchanged with metal ions by 3. Can be done. If the electrical conductivity is less than 250 u IJ/cm3, the above effects will be poor, and if the electrical conductivity is more than 450 u IJ/cm3, it will be difficult to manufacture.

The method for producing growth promoting auxiliary water of the present invention is not particularly limited; A corneal membrane is formed between '2! The second chamber is divided into a positive chamber and a cathode chamber.
an electrolytic chamber, a flow path for allowing water to flow out from the first electrolytic chamber through the cathode chamber of the M2 electrolytic chamber, and a flow path for flowing raw water from the first electrolytic chamber through the FJA electrode chamber of the second electrolytic chamber; It can be manufactured by an apparatus equipped with a. In other words, using this device, raw water is passed through the first electrolytic chamber while applying a voltage to elute Ag ions, which are then passed through the cathode chamber of the second electrolytic chamber and taken out, thereby producing alkaline water with a pH of 8 or higher. 49 ion water can be obtained. In this case, the desired pH and Ag0-1Ag(OH)2-1 can be achieved by adjusting the flow rate of raw water, applied voltage, etc.
It can be calculated as Ag2(OH)÷ion concentration.

By the way, regarding the production method and equipment for Ag ion water,
Patent application filed earlier by the inventors (Japanese Patent Application No. 61-12
No. 3133) (described in detail in Kozara).

"Example of the invention" (Example 1) Conditions: 1009 soils each were prepared in the open field and in a greenhouse, and raw water (tap water, electrical conductivity 187LllJ/cm) was prepared.
3) and the growth promotion supplementary water of the present invention produced from this raw water (
After spraying and mixing 10 C1 cc of two types of water with a PHIO2 electrical conductivity of 304 LI U/cm3 on each soil, changes in the filtered water were investigated.

(1) Electrical conductivity Tap water > PHIO The reason why the electrical conductivity of the growth-promoting supplementary water of the present invention is low is that H÷ of soil colloids combines with the leaf of the growth-promoting supplementary water and hydrates. It means to be neutral.

(Hereinafter, blank spaces) (2) PH change Since the growth promotion supplementary water of the present invention has a high PH as described above, it can be expected to have a neutralizing effect on acidic soil.

(3) Ca ion PPm Tap water > PHIO The growth promotion auxiliary water of the present invention has a low Ca ion concentration, but this is because H+ ions attached to soil colloid are replaced with Ca ions, and Ca ions This is thought to be the result of M being absorbed by the colloid.

(Hereinafter, blank spaces) (4) Na ion PPm PHIO > Tap water The growth promotion supplementary water of the present invention has a low Na ion concentration, which is thought to be the result of excessive Na ions being leached out.

(Example 2) Sterilization test Viruses are generally said to be inactivated at PH 4.5 or lower and PHIO 5 or higher. Also, 253.7nm
It is said that even ultraviolet rays can inactivate it. Therefore, P.H.
8.5 Ag ion wood, PHIo, 5 Ag ion water,
The effects of UV irradiation and ultraviolet irradiation were compared and tested.

Conditions 1) Bacterial cells Tobacco mosaic virus 2) Inoculation method
Tobacco mosaic virus was added to the alumina oxide powder, mixed and sprayed, and then implanted by lightly rubbing the leaf surface.

3) Seedling raising room temperature 25°C 4) Spraying of Ag ion water Spray each of the above Ag ion water 24 hours after inoculation. Also a UV source! Do t.

5) Measurement The number of lesions was measured 10 days after inoculation, and the average number of lesions per plant was calculated.

The results of this measurement are shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.

In Figure 1, a is the result of spraying Ag ion water @ lppm with pH 8.5, and b is the result of spraying 2 ppm of Ag ion water with pH 8.5.
As a result of spraying, C shows the result of spraying Ag ion water of PHIo, 5, and Figure 2 shows the result of irradiating with purple rays.
, the dose is 7000 erc+/mm2/min.

(Example 3) Five Mitsuba plants were divided into the following three plots and cultivated in normal open soil.

■Ag ioio treatment area: Organic fertilizer ``Bio Aqua J (trade name, manufactured by Sunlike Co., Ltd.) was used as a culture solution.
H8,5, AqO-189(OH)2-1Ag2(OH
) Thiion concentration 2000ppb, electrical conductivity 1350
The solution was diluted 2000 times with u Ll/cm3 of growth promotion supplementary water.

■Ionized water treatment zone, as a culture solution, organic fertilizer "Bio Aqua J [5 product names, manufactured by Sunlike Co., Ltd.] was added to ionized water with a pH of 8.5 by electrolyzing regular wood grains, and the amount was increased 2000 times. A diluted version was used.

■In the untreated area, use organic fertilizer [Bio Aqua J] as a culture solution.
(Product name, manufactured by Sunlike Co., Ltd.) P8, which was diluted 2000 times with purified water, was used.

These culture solutions were supplied with a shower for 20 minutes at 8 o'clock every day, and the growth degree of each was measured. The results are shown in Table 1.

From Table 1, when using the growth promotion supplementary water of the present invention,
It can be seen that the growth of stems and leaves is clearly promoted.

Table 1 (The values are the average of 5 plants.) Example 4 Daikon radish was cultivated under the following conditions, and its germination rate, yield, and rooting condition were investigated.

Cultivation room: Three wooden cultivation rooms with a width of 50 cm, a length of 2 m, and a height of 1 m were prepared.

Light source: One 40W x 100V (7) light bulb was used and irradiated at 1100 lux.

Culture medium: Urethane cotton water supply, using the following culture solutions A, B, and C, culture solution B,
For C, the immersion method was adopted, and for culture solution A, Type 21M, which had a immersion method and one shower method, was adopted. The immersion method is a method of cultivating by immersing the culture medium in a culture solution, and the shower method is a method of cultivating by supplying culture solution with a shower every 2 hours and 30 minutes.

Culture solution + (A) PH8.5, Ag0, Ag (Kano) 2-1Ag□ (OH) + Ion 7 Agricultural degree 2000ppb
, Supplementary water for promoting main growth with an electrical conductivity of 3 Out IJ/cm3 (8) Ionized water with a pH of 8.5 and an electrical conductivity of 250 utJ/cm3 obtained by electrolyzing general tap water (C) - Rise water supply Water The results of this experiment are shown in Table 2.

From Table 2, it can be seen that when the growth promotion supplementary water of the present invention is used, the germination rate is high, the yield is large, and rooting is also prevented.

(Hereinafter, blank space) Table 2 "Effects of the Invention" As explained above, according to the present invention, the pH is 8 or higher, the A
s2-1Ag(OH)2-1Ag□(OH)◆Ag ion water with an ion concentration of 30 to 2000 ppb+A By using it for cultivation of crops, etc., it neutralizes acidic soil and creates a balance rich in nutrients such as inorganic components. It can form a loose soil colloid state, and it also has negative effects on the human body! Diseases can be effectively prevented without causing damage, and a good symbiotic environment can be created by promoting the proliferation of useful bacteria such as symbiotic bacteria in the soil.

In general, the physiologically active effect of Ag ion water can promote the growth of the leaves and stems of agricultural crops, and by increasing the photosynthetic ability, it is possible to increase the yield even in environments with insufficient light. It becomes possible.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a chart showing the bactericidal effect of the growth promotion supplement water of the present invention on tobacco mosaic virus, and FIG. 2 is a chart showing the bactericidal effect of ultraviolet irradiation on tobacco mosaic virus.鈷"jpri n4@藺 (phrase 1st figure wa'E h processi lz (myeon 2nd figure)

Claims (2)

[Claims] (1) PH8 or higher, AgO^-, Ag(OH)_2^-
, Ag_2(OH)^+ ion concentration 30-2000pp
A growth-promoting supplementary water for cultivating plants such as agricultural products, characterized by comprising the Ag ion water of b. (2) In claim 1, the electrical conductivity is 25
Growth promotion supplementary water for cultivating crops and other plants, consisting of Ag ion water of 0 to 450 uU/cm^3.