JP2022035344A - Water culture device - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a water culture device capable of supplying silver ions with concentration at which, health growth of plants can be promoted in a concentration range of not completely eliminating symbiotic microorganisms in plants, instead of a disinfectant and the like required for plant culture, and achieve water culture capable of increasing yield in nutrient liquid soil culture and eliminating use of an agent such as a disinfectant in plant culture.SOLUTION: The invention uses a device which is configured to: prepare a preserved stock solution including 5 mg/L or more of silver ion concentration for stably holding a state of silver ions, then dilute the preserved stock solution by a nutrient solution for water culture, for adding the silver ion to nutrient fluid for water culture so that concentration of the supplied silver ion is 0.0005 mg/L or more and 0.025 mg/L or less at which the symbiotic microorganisms are not eliminated completely. In addition, in use of the device, as the nutrient solution for water culture, in addition to an inorganic nutrient solution, an organic liquid-state fertilizer is employed, therefore a plant production amount by water culture can be further increased.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 6

Description

In the present invention, in addition to the plant nutritional components known so far, at least silver ions are added to the hydroponic solution used for hydroponic cultivation of plants in an effective state and concentration as a plant growth activating component. It is related to the equipment for hydroponics that enables.

Silver ions have been used as antibacterial agents, disinfectants, and disinfectants for pathogenic microorganisms such as viruses and bacteria, and have been effectively applied to products and usages having predetermined effects. Therefore, silver ions have been used mainly in the fields of health and hygiene, the medical field, the food industry, and the like as materials for preventing and preventing the occurrence of microbial diseases.

The applicant and the present inventor have an aqueous solution containing a low concentration of silver ions that can only completely eliminate plant-cultivated soil microorganisms, plant-cultivated hydroponic microorganisms, plant-adhered symbiotic microorganisms and / or plant internal symbiotic microorganisms. , Discovered that it has a remarkable effect on improving the plant growing environment, and further investigated the effective addition of silver ions to the nutrient solution for hydroponics in a state where the ability to activate plants can be maintained. It led to the invention of.

Plants grown by soil and / or hydroponic cultivation can only live in a completely sterile environment (microorganism-free) in extremely special environments, often with bacteria, archaea and It grows in coexistence and / or symbiosis with microorganisms such as fungi. The symbiosis between these microorganisms and plants may simply share a living place, but in many cases, they form a commensal or mutualistic symbiotic relationship. In the commensal relationship, the microorganisms may be pathogenic to the plant, but the pathogenicity is compared to the universal relationship between commensalism and mutualism, which is not the case. The cases of commensalism leading up to the above are rarely seen. Therefore, many microorganisms that survive in soil and water environments are harmless to the growth of plants, or rather have a role in promoting their growth.

Antibacterial agents and disinfectants for pathogenic microorganisms such as viruses and bacteria containing silver ions at a certain concentration or higher are effectively used to prevent the occurrence of microbial infectious diseases by eliminating microorganisms, and are used effectively in the field of health and hygiene. -It has led to the formation of important silver ion application technology fields in the medical field, food industry field, etc. However, in industrial fields such as agriculture, forestry, and horticulture, where the cultivation of plants is essential, it is necessary to maintain the symbiotic relationship between the above-mentioned microorganisms and plants. The bactericidal and bactericidal properties of the high concentrations of silver ions were rather counterproductive.

The product of the present invention and its application technique have been discovered by the research results obtained in the study for examining the minimum concentration effective as an antibacterial agent / disinfectant for silver ions. The Pseudomonas tested were exposed to an aqueous solution having a silver ion (Ag +) concentration of 0.060 mg / L or more diluted with purified water for 30 minutes, and then applied to an NB agar plate medium to measure the number of surviving bacteria. Bacteria of the genus, Escherichia and Bacillus all lost their proliferative activity and this concentration of silver ionized water showed a complete disinfecting effect. The test bacteria exposed to a solution having a silver ion (Ag +) concentration of 0.050 mg / L to 0.030 mg / L diluted with purified water for 30 minutes differ depending on the three types of test bacteria used. The growth activity was lost almost in proportion to the silver ion concentration in this range, and the average deactivation rate was 47 to 69%. Next, when the silver ion concentration was lowered to 0.025 mg / L or less and exposed in the same manner to see the disinfecting effect, the average inactivation rate of all three test bacteria was 22% or less (survival rate). 78% or more).

Next, how to hydroponically grow plants by using a hydroponic nutrient solution supplemented with a low concentration of silver ions that does not inactivate such Pseudomonas, Escherichia and Bacillus bacteria. It was investigated by a hydroponic cultivation experiment using Luccola to see if it would bring about such an effect.

Arugula seeds were sown in a urethane foam medium embedded in a styrofoam frame (round frame type), germination and rooting were performed by adding purified water, and 12 strains of 36 strains cultivated up to 10 days after germination were A, It was divided into three test groups, B and C, and used in the experiment. Each germinated urethane foam medium was thinned out so that there was only one arugula seedling that grew in almost the same way, and the styrofoam in which the urethane foam medium was embedded was cut into 3 blocks of 3 × 4 12-strain blocks, respectively. Was floated in the same rectangular hydroponic cultivation container, and hydroponic cultivation was carried out under the conditions described below with a hydroponic liquid amount of 1.5 L. Purified water is supplied to the cultivation container of the A test group, a commercially available nutrient solution (1000-fold diluted with purified water) is supplied to the cultivation container of the B test group, and the same commercially available nutrient solution is supplied to the cultivation container of the C test group. (1000-fold diluted with purified water) supplemented with silver ions added to a concentration of 0.010 mg / L, 1 cycle is 14 hours 2500 lp x white fluorescent lamp irradiation (bright condition), 10 hours Place the product in an artificial meteorological machine set to non-irradiation with fluorescent light (dark conditions) and set to a constant temperature and humidity of 22 ° C and 70% humidity, and then measure the amount of hydroponic solution evaporated every 3 to 4 days. The growth amount of Luccola in hydroponic cultivation on the 20th was measured while supplying the same hydroponic solution as that added to each of the three test groups A, B, and C at the initial setting for the amount of evaporation. Test results were obtained.

Twenty days after the start of hydroponics, arugula was extracted from the styrofoam frame together with the urethane foam medium, and the portion protruding from the upper end of the urethane foam was cut off with a scissors and used as the shoot part of the arugula. Then, it was dried in a constant temperature dryer set at 48 ° C. for 4 days, the dry weight of the shoot portion was measured, and the average value of 12 strains of each of the test groups A, B, and C was obtained. The average value of the biomass weight of the shoot portion of arugula was set to be equal to the average value of the dry weight of the shoot portion cut out. On the other hand, the urethane foam containing the remaining root portion from which the shoot portion was cut off from the arugula of each of the above groups was dried for 5 days in a constant temperature dryer set at 48 ° C., and the dry weight thereof was measured. In addition, 12 urethane foams that were not sown with arugula embedded in a styrofoam frame were floated on a tray containing 1.5 L of hydroponic solution, and inside the same artificial meteorological machine as the one used for hydroponic cultivation of arugula. After 20 days of drying in a constant temperature dryer set at 48 ° C. in the same manner as urethane foam containing only the root part after arugula cultivation, the dry weight was measured and the average dry weight was calculated. .. After 20 days of hydroponics, the average root biomass weights of the 12 strains of each of the test groups A, B, and C were the average dryness of the urethane foam containing the remaining root portion obtained by cutting the shoot portion from the arugula of each of the above groups. It was obtained by subtracting the average dry weight of the above-mentioned urethane foam medium in which arugula was not cultivated from the weight. The average total biomass weight of each group of arugula was taken as the total value of the shoot part and the root part obtained for each of the above groups. The average total biomass weight of each group obtained was 1.16 g in the A test group, 3.43 g in the B test group, and 5.03 g in the C test group. The average biomass weight of the shoots of each of the 12 strains was 0.72 g in the A test group, 2.38 g in the B test group, and 2.45 g in the C test group. The biomass weight of the average root portion was 0.44 g in the A test group, 1.05 g in the B test group, and 2.58 g in the C test group.

From the above results, Luccola (C test group) was obtained when a hydroponic solution containing silver ions added to a commercially available nutrient solution (diluted 1000 times with purified water) to a concentration of 0.010 mg / L was used. It was known that the biomass weight of the whole plant was increased 1.47 times as compared with Luccola (Test Group B) when only the same commercially available nutrient solution was used. On the other hand, the weight of the biomass at the root of arugula is 2.46 times that of the case where only the commercially available nutrient solution is used by using the hydroponic solution to which silver ions are added, and the addition of silver ions to the hydroponic solution. Was found to significantly promote root growth.

Next, arugula was sown in the same urethane foam medium as above to germinate and root, and 81 seedlings 10 days after germination were divided into 9 test groups of 9 strains each of 9 strains. Used in the experiment. Each germinated urethane foam medium was thinned out so that there was only one arugula seedling that grew in almost the same way, and the styrofoam in which the urethane foam medium was embedded was cut into 9 sections of 3 × 3 9 strain blocks, and each was the same. Floating on a rectangular hydroponic cultivation container, hydroponic cultivation was carried out under the conditions described below with a hydroponic solution amount of 1.0 L. In each hydroponic container, 1.0 L of a commercially available nutrient solution (diluted 1000 times with purified water) was placed in the first group hydroponic cultivation container. On the other hand, in the cultivation vessels of the 2nd to 9th groups, silver ions were added to the same commercially available nutrient solution (diluted 1000 times with purified water) so as to have a concentration of 0.0025 mg / L (No. 1). 2 groups), silver ions were added to a concentration of 0.0005 mg / L (group 3), silver ions were added to a concentration of 0.001 mg / L (group 4), 0.005 mg / Silver ions were added to a concentration of L (Group 5), silver ions were added to a concentration of 0.010 mg / L (Group 6), and silver was added to a concentration of 0.025 mg / L. Ions were added (Group 7), silver ions were added to a concentration of 0.050 mg / L (Group 8), and silver ions were added to a concentration of 0.10 mg / L (Group 9). 1.0 L of each of the commercially available nutrient solutions (diluted 1000-fold with purified water) was used. Put it in an artificial meteorological machine in which one cycle is set to 2500 lc white fluorescent lamp irradiation (bright condition) for 14 hours, fluorescent lamp non-irradiation (dark condition) for 10 hours, and constant temperature and humidity of 22 ° C and 70% humidity. After that, the amount of hydroponic solution evaporated was measured every 3 to 4 days, and the same hydroponic solution as that added at the time of initial setting of the test groups of groups 1 to 9 was cultivated while supplying the amount of evaporation. , The amount of growth of Luccola in hydroponics after 20 days was measured as the amount of biomass (dry weight).

Twenty days after the start of hydroponics, arugula was taken out from the styrofoam frame together with the urethane foam medium, and the arugula was dried together with the urethane foam in a constant temperature dryer set at 48 ° C. for 5 days, and then the dry weight was measured. On the other hand, 9 urethane foams embedded in a styrofoam frame without seeding were floated on a tray with a hydroponic solution amount of 1.0 L, and 20 in the same artificial meteorological machine as the one used for hydroponic cultivation of arugula. The sun-dried one was dried in a constant temperature dryer set at 48 ° C. for 5 days in the same manner as the urethane foam after cultivation of arugula, and then the dry weight was measured and the average dry weight was measured. The average total biomass weight of each of the 9 strains in the 1st to 9th test groups after 20 days of hydroponics was the average dry weight of the urethane foam medium containing the cultivated arugula in each of the above groups. It was calculated by subtracting the average dry weight of the foam medium. These average biomass weights are the same as the average total biomass weight (Group 1) of 9 Luccola strains cultivated using a hydroponic solution containing only a commercially available nutrient solution (diluted 1000 times with purified water). The average total biomass weight of the 9 strains of Luccola in Group 2 cultivated by adding silver ion concentration to 0.00252 mg / L to a commercially available nutrient solution (diluted 1000 times with purified water) was 0.975 times. No significant difference was observed in the growth of Luccola even when silver ions were added at this concentration.

On the other hand, the same commercially available nutrient solution (commercially available fertilizer solution containing inorganic nutrients) diluted 1000-fold with purified water has a silver ion concentration of 0.0005 mg / L (Group 3) and 0.001 mg /. Hydroponic water with silver ions added to L (4th group), 0.005mg / L (5th group), 0.010mg / L (6th group), 0.025mg / L (7th group) The average total biomass weight (dry weight) of 9 strains of Luccola cultivated for 20 days using the liquid is Luccola cultivated using a hydroponic solution containing only a commercially available nutrient solution (diluted 1000 times with purified water). Compared with the average total biomass weight (dry weight) (1st group) of 9 strains, 1.06 times (3rd group), 1.15 times (4th group) and 1.28 times (5th group), respectively. ), 1.44 times (6th group), 1.56 times (7th group), and the amount of ruccola biomass increased significantly as the concentration of silver ions in the hydroponic solution in this range increased.

However, a commercially available nutrient solution (a fertilizer solution that is commercially available containing inorganic nutrients) diluted 1000-fold with purified water has a silver ion concentration of 0.05 mg / L (Group 8) and 0.10 mg / L. The average total biomass weight (dry weight) of 9 Luccola strains in each group when cultivated for 20 days using a hydroponic solution to which silver ions were added so as to be (Group 9) is a commercially available nutrient solution (inorganic nutrients). Compared to the average total biomass weight (dry weight) (group 1) of 9 Luccola strains cultivated using only a hydroponic solution obtained by diluting a mixed and commercially available fertilizer solution 1000 times with purified water. , 1.35 times (8th group) and 1.17 times (9th group), respectively, which is the opposite of the 7th group (1.56 times) in which silver ions were added so as to be 0.025 mg / L. The growth-promoting effect of Luccola was reduced.

As described above, it has been known that the addition of silver ions in the range of 0.0005 mg / L or more and 0.025 mg / L or less to the hydroponic cultivation solution can promote the growth of plants in hydroponic cultivation. However, it was difficult to stably store silver ions of 0.025 mg / L or less at a constant concentration for 4 months or longer. Therefore, in the present invention, it is prepared as a silver ion storage aqueous solution having a high concentration of 5 mg / L or more that can store silver ionized water for a long period of time as a stable concentration, and is mixed with a nutrient solution immediately before being used for hydroponics and cultivated. I thought about solving this problem by supplying it to plants.

Therefore, in addition to a facility that supplies a hydroponic nutrient solution containing an inorganic nutrient component normally used in hydroponic cultivation equipment to cultivated plants, it contains silver ions at a concentration of 5 mg / L or more as a plant growth activating component. By additionally installing a facility to quantitatively add the aqueous solution to the nutrient solution, the concentration of silver ions after being diluted with the inorganic nutrient solution in which the phytonutrient component is dissolved is stable at 0.0005 mg / L or more. We devised a hydroponic cultivation device that keeps the concentration below .025 mg / L.

Next, in the present invention, an inorganic nutrient solution (a fertilizer solution that contains only inorganic nutrients and is commercially available) and an organic nutrient solution (a broth obtained as a by-product when sardines are processed into boiled sardines are aerobically stirred and fertilized. It was investigated by a hydroponic cultivation experiment which of the nutrient solutions produced by the above-mentioned silver ion solution was effective as a nutrient solution in hydroponic cultivation using the above-mentioned silver ion solution as a plant growth promoting solution.

In this experiment, arugula was sown in urethane foam medium to germinate and root, and 48 seedlings 10 days after germination were divided into 4 test groups of 12 strains each of A, B, C, and D. did. Each sprouting urethane foam medium was thinned out so that there was only one arugula seedling that grew in almost the same way, and the styrofoam in which the urethane foam medium was embedded was cut into 4 styrofoam blocks of 3 × 4 12-strain blocks. Each was floated in the same rectangular hydroponic cultivation container, and the cultivation experiment was conducted under the conditions described below so that the amount of hydroponic solution was 1.5 L. Of each hydroponic container, the hydroponic cultivation container of the A test group contains a commercially available inorganic nutrient solution (a commercially available fertilizer solution containing only inorganic nutrients diluted to 1/1000 with purified water). Hydroponics was started with .5 L. In the hydroponic cultivation container of the B test group, an organic nutrient solution (a nutrient solution produced by aerobically stirring and fermenting the broth obtained as a by-product when processing sardines into boiled sardines for 30 days is 1/1000 with purified water. (Diluted in 1) was added in 1.5 L and hydroponics was started. On the other hand, in the hydroponic vessels of the C test group and the D test group, silver ions were added to the above-mentioned commercially available inorganic nutrient solution (diluted to 1/1000 with purified water) so as to have a concentration of 0.010 mg / L. Add 1.5 L of the product (C test group) and then hydroponically cultivate it, and in the remaining 1 group, an organic nutrient solution produced by fermenting the above-mentioned raw materials containing organic substances (to 1/1000 with purified water). Hydroponics was carried out by adding 1.5 L of a diluted product to which silver ions were added so as to have a concentration of 0.010 mg / L (test group D). In these hydroponic cultivation experiments, one cycle is set to 2500 lp x white fluorescent lamp irradiation (bright condition) for 14 hours, fluorescent lamp non-irradiation (dark condition) for 10 hours, and the temperature is 22 ° C and the humidity is 70%. It was performed in the set artificial air meteorological machine, and the growth amount of the ruccola of each hydroponic experiment group in the hydroponic cultivation for the next 20 days was recorded.

Twenty days after the start of hydroponics, arugula was taken out from the styrofoam frame together with the urethane foam medium, and the arugula was dried together with the urethane foam in a constant temperature dryer set at 48 ° C. for 5 days, and then the dry weight was measured. On the other hand, 12 urethane foams embedded in a styrofoam frame and not sown with arugula were floated on a tray containing 1.5 L of hydroponic solution and placed in the same artificial meteorological machine as the one used for hydroponic cultivation of arugula for 20 days. The arugula was dried in a constant temperature dryer set at 48 ° C. for 5 days in the same manner as the urethane foam after cultivation of arugula, and then the dry weight was measured and the average dry weight was measured. The average total biomass weight of each of the 12 strains in the test groups A to D after 20 days of hydroponics was the average dry weight of the urethane foam medium containing the cultivated luccola in each group, and the urethane foam medium in which the above luccola was not cultivated. It was calculated by subtracting the average dry weight of. The average total biomass weight (dry weight) of each of the 12 strains in the test groups A to D 20 days after the start of hydroponics is the average of 12 Luccola strains cultivated using the hydroponic solution to which only the above-mentioned commercially available inorganic nutrient solution was added. Compared with the total biomass weight (dry weight) (test group A), the average total of 12 Luccola strains when cultivated using a hydroponic solution supplemented with the organic nutrient solution for hydroponics instead of the commercially available nutrient solution. The biomass weight (dry weight) (test group B) was 1.15 times. In addition, the average total biomass weight (dry weight) of 12 arugula strains in the C test group cultivated by adding silver ions to the above-mentioned commercially available nutrient solution so as to have a concentration of 0.010 mg / L is 1 of that in the A test group. It increased by .43 times. On the other hand, the average total biomass weight (dry weight) of the 12 strains of arugula in the D test group cultivated by adding silver ions to the above hydroponic organic nutrient solution so as to have a concentration of 0.010 mg / L is that of the A test group. It was 1.92 times that.

From the above results, the addition of silver ions to the hydroponic nutrient solution causes more plant growth when the silver ions are added to the hydroponic organic nutrient solution than when the silver ions are added to the inorganic nutrient solution. It became clear that it can be activated. Similar experimental results show that the organic nutrient solution is organic obtained by aerobically stirring and fermenting soybean broth (miso production by-product), bonito broth (bonito production by-product) and mackerel broth (sababushi production by-product). It was also obtained when the liquid fermenter was diluted and used as an organic nutrient solution for hydroponic cultivation. Therefore, it was considered that the addition of silver ions to the nutrient solution for hydroponics could bring about a synergistic effect on plant growth, especially when the organic liquid fertilizer was used for the nutrient solution.

JP-A-63-060904 JP-A-63-060905 JP 2001-010913 JP 2006-141252

An object to be solved by the present invention is to increase the yield by supplying an activating liquid that increases the growth activity of the plant in addition to the usual nutrient solution in the hydroponic cultivation of the plant. In addition, it is possible to reduce the amount of disinfectant used, which has been necessary so far to prevent the occurrence of plant diseases, or to eliminate the use of disinfectant. Another problem is to be able to prevent the emergence of new disinfectant and insecticide-resistant phytopathogenic microorganisms caused by continued use of disinfectants and pesticides. Furthermore, the challenge is to develop a device that transforms hydroponic agriculture into a more environmentally friendly industry by reducing or eliminating the use of pesticides in hydroponic cultivation of plants.

In order to solve the above problems, in the present invention, the plant originally possesses the increase in yield in hydroponic cultivation of the plant, instead of relying on the supply of excessive nutrients or the use of control agents such as disinfectants and pesticides. The basic means are to enhance the growing ability, resistance to feeding damage by pathogenic microorganisms and insects, and immunity. By adopting this means, the problem of increasing the production amount in hydroponics is achieved, and the problem of reducing or eliminating the use of disinfectants and pesticides in hydroponics of plants is solved. In addition, in order to realize this means, it is important to maximize the nutritional intake and growth ability of plants. The enhancement of the nutrient intake capacity and growth ability of the plant brought about by adding silver ions to the nutrient nutrient solution for hydroponics of the present invention promotes the healthy growth of the plant in hydroponics, and as a result. Not only can it increase the yield, but it can also impart immunity and resistance to phytopathogenic microorganisms and resistance to feeding damage by insects and the like.

However, by adding low-concentration silver ions of 0.0005 mg / L or more and 0.025 mg / L or less to the hydroponic cultivation solution, the silver ions of 0.025 mg / L or less can be stably maintained at a constant concentration for 90 days or more. It was difficult to preserve. Therefore, in the present invention, in order to make silver ion water storable for a long period of time as a stable concentration, a silver ion preservation stock solution is prepared as a high-concentration aqueous solution having a silver ion concentration of 5 mg / L or more, and this is used in hydroponic cultivation. When used as a plant growth activating solution, dilute it by mixing it with a nutrient solution, and add a device to add it to hydroponic cultivation as low-concentration silver ion water of 0.0005 mg / L or more and 0.025 mg / L or less. I thought about solving this problem by doing so.

In the present invention, the effect of adopting a hydroponic cultivation device in which silver ions are added to a nutrient solution is more effective than a hydroponic cultivation device that supplies a hydroponic nutrient solution composed only of inorganic nutrients. However, it was known that it was higher when a hydroponic cultivation device capable of adding silver ions to the fermented organic nutrient solution was adopted. Therefore, in the present invention, it is also possible to supply an organic liquid fertilizer as a nutrient nutrient solution for hydroponics instead of an inorganic nutrient solution for hydroponics, which is 0.0005 mg / L or more and 0.025 mg / L or less. It was considered that the use of a device for adding low-concentration silver ionized water to the hydroponic nutrient solution would have a synergistic effect.

In addition to promoting the elongation of plant roots and shoots with low concentrations of silver ions of 0.0005 mg / L or more and 0.025 mg / L or less, zinc ions at a usage concentration of 0.001 mg / L or more and 1.0 mg / L or less. By using the plant growth activating solution containing the above, it is possible to enhance the growth activity of the internal symbiotic microorganisms of the plant. This is because low-concentration silver ions of 0.0005 mg / L or more and 0.025 mg / L or less have almost no effect on the growth activity of soil microorganisms, hydroponic microorganisms and plant internal symbiotic microorganisms. Independent of the presence of the silver ion, the zinc ion of 0.001 mg / L or more and 1.0 mg / L or less can sufficiently exert the effect of enhancing the growth activity of microorganisms, particularly the growth activity of symbiotic microorganisms inside plants. There is an advantage that the growth of hydroponic plants can be further promoted by the vigorous growth of these internal symbiotic microorganisms.

Similarly, magnesium ions may be added at a concentration of 0.001 mg / L or more and 2.0 mg / L or less to a hydroponic cultivation solution containing a low concentration of silver ions of 0.0005 mg / L or more and 0.025 mg / L or less. Similar to the addition of zinc ions, it has a significant effect on the growth activity of symbiotic microorganisms inside plants. The difference from the case where zinc ion is added is that magnesium ion at a concentration of 0.001 mg / L or more and 2.0 mg / L or less further promotes the growth of plant seedling roots by a synergistic effect with silver ion. .. Due to this feature, magnesium ion can directly exert the effect of enhancing plant growth when used in combination with silver ion.

The activation of the growth of symbiotic microorganisms in plants is not limited to zinc ion and magnesium ion, but ferrous ion, ferrous ion, cobalt ion, nickel ion, copper ion, potassium ion, nitrate ion and phosphoric acid. It was also confirmed in the case of the Luccola sprouting rooting test in which ions, tungstate ions, and molybdenate ions were added at concentrations of 0.001 mmol / L or more and 2 mmol / L or less, respectively. Therefore, addition at a concentration within the range of at least the above 10 kinds of ions for the test enhances the growth activity of the symbiotic microorganisms inside the plant, apart from the promotion of plant growth by the low concentration silver ion of 0.025 mg / L or less. As a result, it was considered to be effective as an additional means for promoting the growth of plants.

Maximizing the plant's natural nutrient intake and growth capacity is important for the healthy growth of the plant and the production of the crop. In particular, in hydroponics, it is necessary to promote vigorous and healthy growth of the plant route (root) during the seedling stage. By adding low-concentration silver ions of 0.025 mg / L or less to the nutrient solution for hydroponics, the growth of plant roots is promoted so that the cultivated plants can absorb more nutrients from the hydroponic solution. As a result, the growth of the entire cultivated plant becomes vigorous. In addition, since such low-concentration silver ions do not suppress or eliminate endophyte in plants, it is considered that they do not disrupt the favorable symbiotic relationship between plants and microorganisms.

As described above, by supplying a low concentration silver ion of 0.0005 mg / L or more and 0.025 mg / L or less to a growing plant by the apparatus of the present invention, healthy growth of the plant can be enabled. From this, pesticides such as disinfectants and pesticides, which were absolutely necessary to bring out the immune ability of plants to the pathogenic microorganisms and the ability to resist feeding damage by insects, and to prevent diseases and feeding damage of conventionally cultivated plants. There is an advantage that plant cultivation can be converted to a safer and more secure one, and even to an environment-friendly type, without using or by minimizing the amount of such pesticides used. As an effect, it enables the sustainable development of industries established by plant cultivation such as agriculture, forestry, horticulture, and green space development.

Furthermore, using a hydroponic cultivation device to which low-concentration silver ions of 0.0005 mg / L or more and 0.025 mg / L or less are added, organic liquid fertilizer is hydroponically cultivated in addition to the hydroponic inorganic nutrient solution. It was clarified that the plant production amount by hydroponics can be synergistically increased by adopting it as a nutrient nutrient solution for hydroponics. This has an important effect in establishing the organic cultivation of hydroponic soil cultivation, and is considered to contribute to the organic farming of hydroponic agriculture in the future.

Survival rate after 30 minutes exposure to each silver ion concentration solution of the test bacteria (Pseudomonas putida, Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis) Relationship between the silver ion concentration immediately after preparation of the silver ion aqueous solution storage stock solution and the residual ratio of silver ions remaining in the stock solution after the stock solution is sealed and stored in a polyethylene bottle at room temperature for 90 days. Effect of silver ion addition on arugula growth when arugula seedlings 10 days old after germination are hydroponically cultivated for 20 days thereafter Changes in arugula growth due to the concentration of silver ions added to the hydroponic cultivation solution Effect of silver ion addition on arugula growth in hydroponics when using organic nutrient solution obtained by aerobic fermentation of inorganic nutrient solution and liquid containing organic matter Overall view of the hydroponic apparatus of the present invention to which the equipment for adding the silver ion aqueous solution of the plant growth activating component is added.

Hereinafter, embodiments for carrying out the present invention will be exemplified by Examples 1 to 4.

<Example 1>
Example of cultivating luccola (rocket): At the end of April, luccola was sown in a urethane foam medium, and in the middle of May when the roots were germinated and rooted and the root growth became 10 cm or more, the whole medium was placed in a hydroponic growing pot. It is transplanted to the hydroponic ridges of the floating type planting panel, and hydroponics is carried out by a circulation type hydroponic device (hydroponic ridge length 25 m, ridge width 50 cm) installed in a greenhouse where the room temperature is controlled to 17-23 ° C. rice field. At this time, a hydroponic ridge using a conventional hydroponic device that supplies only a hydroponic inorganic nutrient hydroponic solution was provided as a control plot, and a 10 mg / L silver ion aqueous solution was added to the demonstration plot as a plant growth activating component. The hydroponic equipment of the present invention to which the equipment to be used was added was used. The flow rate of adding the silver ion aqueous solution in this demonstration group was set to be 1/1000 of the flow rate of the hydroponic nutrient solution.
From the beginning of June, the grown arugula leaves were harvested 5 days a week for 5 weeks, but the accumulation in the demonstration plot using the device of the present invention to add silver ionized water as a plant growth activating component. The yield (wet weight) increased to 2.35 times the cumulative yield (wet weight) in the control plot using the conventional hydroponic equipment that did not adopt the apparatus of the present invention. In addition, arugula in the control area cultivated by the conventional hydroponic equipment that did not adopt the device of the present invention, although it was a hydroponic ridge installed in the same greenhouse, was partially observed to be damaged by aphids. However, no feeding damage by aphids was observed in the arugula in the demonstration area using the hydroponic device of the present invention.

<Example 2>
Example of auction cultivation: In early April, the roots of auction cultivated by hydroponics until the previous month are cut to about half the length, transferred to a newly prepared floating hydroponic ridge, and the room temperature is controlled to 15 to 22 ° C. Hydroponics was carried out using a circulating hydroponic device (hydroponic ridge length 25 m, ridge width 50 cm) installed in the greenhouse. At this time, a hydroponic ridge using a conventional hydroponic device that supplies only an inorganic nutrient hydroponic solution was provided as a control section. On the other hand, in the demonstration group, the hydroponic apparatus of the present invention equipped with a facility for adding a 10 mg / L silver ion aqueous solution as a plant growth activating component was used. The flow rate of adding the silver ion aqueous solution in this demonstration group was set to be 1/1000 of the flow rate of the hydroponic nutrient solution.
Forty-five days after transplanting, the upper part of the grown auction growing pots in both experimental plots was harvested and weighed. As a result, the cumulative yield (wet weight) in the demonstration plot using the device of the present invention to add silver ionized water as a plant growth activating component was the same as that of the conventional hydroponic device that did not use the device of the present invention. The yield (wet weight) in the control plot used was 1.72 times higher.

<Example 3>
Example of cultivation of sunny lettuce: In mid-April, sunny lettuce was sown in a urethane foam medium, and at the end of April when the roots grew to 8 cm or more after sprouting and rooting, the whole medium was placed in a hydroponic growing pot and floated. It was transplanted to the hydroponic ridges of the lettuce panel, and hydroponics was carried out using a circulating hydroponic device (hydroponic ridge length 20 m, ridge width 80 cm) installed in a greenhouse where the room temperature was controlled to 18-23 ° C. .. At this time, a hydroponic ridge using a conventional hydroponic device that supplies only an inorganic nutrient hydroponic solution was provided as a control plot, and in the demonstration plot, 10 mg / L of silver ions as a plant growth activating component was added to the inorganic nutrient hydroponic solution in the demonstration plot. The hydroponic apparatus of the present invention equipped with equipment for adding an aqueous solution was used. The flow rate of adding the silver ion aqueous solution in this demonstration group was set to be 1/1000 of the flow rate of the hydroponic nutrient solution.
Thirty-five days after transplanting to a hydroponic device, sunny lettuce cultivated by hydroponic was harvested, and the yield (wetness) in the demonstration plot using the device of the present invention to which silver ionized water was added as a plant growth activating component. The weight) increased to 1.34 times the yield (wet weight) in the control plot using the conventional hydroponic equipment that did not adopt the apparatus of the present invention.
Next, in the hydroponic cultivation of sunny lettuce, two hydroponic experimental ridges were prepared as described above from sowing to germination / rooting and transplantation of seedlings to the floating planting panel to the hydroponic ridges. An additional hydroponic cultivation test was conducted using a circulating hydroponic device (hydroponic ridge length 20 m, ridge width 80 cm) installed in a greenhouse whose room temperature was controlled to 18 to 23 ° C. In this additional test, the nutrient solution produced by aerobically stirring and fermenting the broth obtained as a by-product when sardines were processed into boiled water instead of the inorganic nutrient hydroponic solution was diluted 1/1000 with purified water. An organic nutrient hydroponic solution was supplied. The control plot was a hydroponic ridge using a conventional hydroponic device that supplies an inorganic nutrient hydroponic solution, and as a demonstration plot, only the organic nutrient hydroponic solution was supplied and the sunny lettuce was hydroponically cultivated by the conventional method, and the above. Hydroponic cultivation was carried out using the hydroponic apparatus of the present invention in which a facility for adding a 10 mg / L silver ion aqueous solution as a plant growth activating component to an organic nutrient hydroponic solution was added. In addition, the flow rate of adding the silver ion aqueous solution in this demonstration group was set to be 1/1000 of the flow rate of the nutrient solution for organic hydroponics.
When the sunny lettuce cultivated in this hydroponic culture was harvested 35 days after transplantation to the hydroponic equipment, the organic nutrients were replaced with the hydroponic solution of the inorganic nutrients as compared with the control group to which the hydroponic solution of the inorganic nutrients was supplied. The yield (wet weight) of sunny lettuce in the test plot to which the hydroponic solution was supplied was 1.25 times. On the other hand, the yield (wet weight) in the demonstration plot where the device of the present invention for adding silver ionized water as a plant growth activating component to the organic nutrient hydroponic solution was the conventional method in which the device of the present invention was not adopted. The cumulative yield (wet weight) in the control plot using the hydroponic equipment increased by 1.53 times, and the increase in the yield of sunny lettuce due to the addition of silver ions was observed when the above-mentioned machine nutrient hydroponic solution was used. It was even larger than the result obtained in (1.34 times).

<Example 4>
Example of cultivation of Turkish ginkgo: A plug seedling of Turkish ginkgo cultivated by cultivating and growing for 5 weeks from sowing in a closed type seedling raising device is transplanted to a thin-film hydroponic planting panel, and the room temperature is controlled to 18 ° C to 22 ° C in a greenhouse. Hydroponics was carried out using a high-rise, free-flowing thin-film hydroponic device (hydroponic ridge length 20 m, hydroponic ridge width 80 cm) installed in. At this time, a hydroponic ridge using a conventional hydroponic device that supplies only a nutrient hydroponic solution was provided as a control plot, and a facility for adding a 15 mg / L silver ion aqueous solution as a plant growth activating component was added as a demonstration plot. The hydroponic device of the present invention was used. The flow rate of adding the silver ion aqueous solution in this demonstration group was set to be 1/1000 of the flow rate of the hydroponic nutrient solution.
The cultivation period until it became possible to harvest Turkish ginkgo as a cut flower was 3.5 to 4 months in the control group to which only the nutrient hydroponic solution was supplied, but the present invention with the addition of equipment for adding a silver ion aqueous solution. In the demonstration plot using the hydroponic equipment of No. 1, it was 2.5 months to 3.0 months, and the period until harvest was shortened by about 1 month. In addition, the average number of petals per plant of Turkish bluebell harvested as cut flowers was 4.2 in the control group of the conventional thin film hydroponic device, whereas the hydroponic device of the present invention to which a silver ion aqueous solution was added was used. In the demonstration plot used, the average number of petals per plant increased to 5.4.

Instead of the disinfection that has been required so far to prevent the occurrence of plant diseases in hydroponics of plants, low-concentration silver ions of 0.0005 mg / L or more and 0.025 mg / L or less are extended according to the method of the present invention. By giving to plants for a long period of time, the amount of pesticides such as disinfectants and pesticides used can be reduced or eliminated. As a result, it can be used to transform the industry established by hydroponics of plants into a safer and more secure industry, and further to an environment-friendly and sustainable industry. In addition, reducing or eliminating the amount of pesticides used in hydroponics can reduce the cost of cultivating plants, which can increase the profitability of industries involved in hydroponics of plants and save labor such as spraying pesticides. It can contribute to the reduction of the labor force in these industries.

The hydroponic cultivation apparatus of the present invention, which adds a low concentration of silver ions of 0.0005 mg / L or more and 0.025 mg / L or less, not only brings about an increase in the yield of agricultural products and an increase in sales in agricultural management, as described above. It is also effective in preventing the emergence of new pesticide-resistant phytopathogenic microorganisms and feeding insects that have been repeated due to the use of pesticides. Further, by using a nutrient solution produced by fermenting a raw material containing an organic substance as a hydroponic nutrient solution, it is possible to further enhance the effect of adding a device for adding silver ions to this hydroponic nutrient nutrient solution. Since it can be used, it can also be used for organic farming of hydroponics.

Raw water for α nutrient solution soil cultivation (groundwater, etc.)
β Raw water supply pump γ Raw water filter δ Hydroponic nutrient solution mixing dilution tank ε Nutrient solution tank ζ Nutrient solution supply pump η Silver ion-containing activation liquid tank θ Silver ion-containing activation liquid supply pump ι Nutrient solution activation liquid supply pump κ electromagnetic valve λ mixing stirrer motor μ flow controller (time sequencer)
ν Hydroponics ridge

Claims (2)

In a device for cultivating a plant by hydroponics, in addition to a facility for supplying a nutrient solution in which a phytonutrient component used for hydroponics is dissolved, silver ion is contained as a plant growth activating component at a concentration of 5 mg / L or more. A separate facility is provided to quantitatively add the aqueous solution to the nutrient solution, and the concentration of silver ion, which is a component that activates plant growth after being diluted with the nutrient solution, is 0.0005 mg / L or more and 0.025 mg / L or less. A device for hydroponics that has made it possible to be included in. The hydroponic cultivation apparatus according to claim 1 and 2, wherein the nutrient solution in which the phytonutrient component used for hydroponics of the plant is dissolved is an organic liquid fertilizer.

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