WO2006006312A1 - 光半導体装置及び光通信装置 - Google Patents
光半導体装置及び光通信装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2006006312A1 WO2006006312A1 PCT/JP2005/009738 JP2005009738W WO2006006312A1 WO 2006006312 A1 WO2006006312 A1 WO 2006006312A1 JP 2005009738 W JP2005009738 W JP 2005009738W WO 2006006312 A1 WO2006006312 A1 WO 2006006312A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/02—Structural details or components not essential to laser action
- H01S5/026—Monolithically integrated components, e.g. waveguides, monitoring photo-detectors, drivers
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- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/02—Structural details or components not essential to laser action
- H01S5/022—Mountings; Housings
- H01S5/023—Mount members, e.g. sub-mount members
- H01S5/02325—Mechanically integrated components on mount members or optical micro-benches
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- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/02—Structural details or components not essential to laser action
- H01S5/022—Mountings; Housings
- H01S5/0233—Mounting configuration of laser chips
- H01S5/02345—Wire-bonding
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- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/04—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping, e.g. by electron beams
- H01S5/042—Electrical excitation ; Circuits therefor
- H01S5/0425—Electrodes, e.g. characterised by the structure
- H01S5/04256—Electrodes, e.g. characterised by the structure characterised by the configuration
- H01S5/04257—Electrodes, e.g. characterised by the structure characterised by the configuration having positive and negative electrodes on the same side of the substrate
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/04—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping, e.g. by electron beams
- H01S5/042—Electrical excitation ; Circuits therefor
- H01S5/0427—Electrical excitation ; Circuits therefor for applying modulation to the laser
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- H01S2301/00—Functional characteristics
- H01S2301/17—Semiconductor lasers comprising special layers
- H01S2301/176—Specific passivation layers on surfaces other than the emission facet
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- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/02—Structural details or components not essential to laser action
- H01S5/0206—Substrates, e.g. growth, shape, material, removal or bonding
- H01S5/0208—Semi-insulating substrates
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/04—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping, e.g. by electron beams
- H01S5/042—Electrical excitation ; Circuits therefor
- H01S5/0425—Electrodes, e.g. characterised by the structure
- H01S5/04252—Electrodes, e.g. characterised by the structure characterised by the material
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/10—Construction or shape of the optical resonator, e.g. extended or external cavity, coupled cavities, bent-guide, varying width, thickness or composition of the active region
- H01S5/18—Surface-emitting [SE] lasers, e.g. having both horizontal and vertical cavities
- H01S5/183—Surface-emitting [SE] lasers, e.g. having both horizontal and vertical cavities having only vertical cavities, e.g. vertical cavity surface-emitting lasers [VCSEL]
- H01S5/18308—Surface-emitting [SE] lasers, e.g. having both horizontal and vertical cavities having only vertical cavities, e.g. vertical cavity surface-emitting lasers [VCSEL] having a special structure for lateral current or light confinement
- H01S5/18311—Surface-emitting [SE] lasers, e.g. having both horizontal and vertical cavities having only vertical cavities, e.g. vertical cavity surface-emitting lasers [VCSEL] having a special structure for lateral current or light confinement using selective oxidation
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- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/20—Structure or shape of the semiconductor body to guide the optical wave ; Confining structures perpendicular to the optical axis, e.g. index or gain guiding, stripe geometry, broad area lasers, gain tailoring, transverse or lateral reflectors, special cladding structures, MQW barrier reflection layers
- H01S5/22—Structure or shape of the semiconductor body to guide the optical wave ; Confining structures perpendicular to the optical axis, e.g. index or gain guiding, stripe geometry, broad area lasers, gain tailoring, transverse or lateral reflectors, special cladding structures, MQW barrier reflection layers having a ridge or stripe structure
- H01S5/2201—Structure or shape of the semiconductor body to guide the optical wave ; Confining structures perpendicular to the optical axis, e.g. index or gain guiding, stripe geometry, broad area lasers, gain tailoring, transverse or lateral reflectors, special cladding structures, MQW barrier reflection layers having a ridge or stripe structure in a specific crystallographic orientation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S5/00—Semiconductor lasers
- H01S5/30—Structure or shape of the active region; Materials used for the active region
- H01S5/34—Structure or shape of the active region; Materials used for the active region comprising quantum well or superlattice structures, e.g. single quantum well [SQW] lasers, multiple quantum well [MQW] lasers or graded index separate confinement heterostructure [GRINSCH] lasers
- H01S5/343—Structure or shape of the active region; Materials used for the active region comprising quantum well or superlattice structures, e.g. single quantum well [SQW] lasers, multiple quantum well [MQW] lasers or graded index separate confinement heterostructure [GRINSCH] lasers in AIIIBV compounds, e.g. AlGaAs-laser, InP-based laser
- H01S5/34313—Structure or shape of the active region; Materials used for the active region comprising quantum well or superlattice structures, e.g. single quantum well [SQW] lasers, multiple quantum well [MQW] lasers or graded index separate confinement heterostructure [GRINSCH] lasers in AIIIBV compounds, e.g. AlGaAs-laser, InP-based laser with a well layer having only As as V-compound, e.g. AlGaAs, InGaAs
- H01S5/3432—Structure or shape of the active region; Materials used for the active region comprising quantum well or superlattice structures, e.g. single quantum well [SQW] lasers, multiple quantum well [MQW] lasers or graded index separate confinement heterostructure [GRINSCH] lasers in AIIIBV compounds, e.g. AlGaAs-laser, InP-based laser with a well layer having only As as V-compound, e.g. AlGaAs, InGaAs the whole junction comprising only (AI)GaAs
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a semiconductor device, and more particularly, to an optical semiconductor device having a light emitting portion, and an optical communication device equipped with the semiconductor device.
- the optical communication technology long-distance and large-capacity transmission of information is possible. For this reason, in particular, long-distance communication has been widely put into practical use from an early stage.
- the backbone information communication network is all optical communication, and optical fiber is spreading to every home.
- telecommunications using printed wiring, coaxial cables, and the like have been conventionally used for short-distance information transmission between chips in boards and between boards in electronic devices.
- optical interconnection technology is attracting attention. This is because light does not increase loss even during high-speed modulation, and the crosstalk between channels is very small, enabling high-speed and high-density connections.
- an electrical signal is first converted into an optical signal using a semiconductor laser or a light emitting diode array, and the optical signal is transmitted through an optical fiber or an optical waveguide array. Then, the light is received by the detector array and converted into an electric signal again.
- HJ-FETs Hetero-Junctions
- CMOS-ICs with low power consumption are often used.
- CMOS drive is desirable.
- chip-to-chip interconnection a form in which the light emitting element is directly driven by a signal from the LSI is desirable. In this case, the light emitting element is driven by the CMOS circuit.
- a surface-emitting laser (hereinafter abbreviated as "Vertical Cavity Surface-Emitting Laser") that can be two-dimensionally arrayed with low power consumption is promising.
- VCSEL has a higher resistance than an edge-emitting laser, and therefore the influence of lowering the voltage of the drive circuit is large. For this reason, as shown in FIG. 17, the bias voltage and the modulation signal are separated, and the driver: [ C force is input as a circuit configuration only for the modulation signal.
- a capacitor is required to pass only the modulation signal between the driver IC and the laser diode.
- a chip capacitor is usually mounted near the laser diode chip.
- Non-Patent Document 1 is cited in an embodiment described later.
- Non-Patent Document 1 Sakatagai Photon. Tech. Lett., Vol. 8 No. 2 February 19 96
- the present invention has been made in view of such a background, and an object of the present invention is to provide a semiconductor device that can be driven by a low-voltage circuit and can be mounted at a high density, and the semiconductor. It is to provide an optical communication device equipped with the device.
- a semiconductor device includes a light emitting element and
- the capacitor connected in series with the light emitting element is formed on the same substrate.
- a semiconductor device includes a first electrode, a light emitting unit, a light emitting element including a second electrode, a lower electrode, a dielectric formed on the lower electrode, A capacitor having an upper electrode formed on the dielectric is provided on the same substrate, and the first electrode or the second electrode and the lower electrode or the upper electrode are connected in series. It is what is done.
- a bias voltage is applied to the first electrode or the second electrode, and an AC signal is applied to the lower electrode or the upper electrode. It is characterized by this.
- a semiconductor device includes a light emitting element including a light emitting unit and an inductor connected to the light emitting element formed on the same substrate.
- a semiconductor device includes the inductor in the semiconductor device according to the second aspect, and the inductor includes the first electrode, the second electrode, and the lower electrode. Or connected in series with any of the upper electrodes.
- a semiconductor device is the semiconductor device according to any one of the second, third, and fifth, wherein the dielectric is a layer obtained by oxidizing a semiconductor layer containing A1. It is characterized by being prepared.
- a semiconductor device is characterized in that, in the semiconductor device according to the first to sixth aspects, the light-emitting portion is a surface-emitting element. .
- a semiconductor device is the semiconductor device according to the seventh aspect, wherein the surface-emitting element is a surface-emitting laser.
- An optical communication apparatus is characterized in that the semiconductor device according to any one of claims 1 to 6 also has a light emitting element array force in which a plurality of semiconductor devices are arranged.
- FIG. 1 is a sectional view for explaining one manufacturing process of a semiconductor laser according to a first embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view for explaining one manufacturing process of the semiconductor laser according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is a top view for explaining one manufacturing process of the semiconductor laser according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram when the semiconductor laser according to Embodiment 1 is connected to a drive circuit.
- FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a semiconductor laser diode according to a second embodiment.
- FIG. 6 is a perspective view for explaining one manufacturing process of the semiconductor laser according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 7 is a perspective view for explaining one manufacturing process of the semiconductor laser according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 8 is a perspective view for explaining one manufacturing process of the semiconductor laser according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 9 is a circuit diagram when the semiconductor laser according to Embodiment 2 is connected to a drive circuit.
- FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of a semiconductor laser diode according to a third embodiment.
- FIG. 11 is a perspective view for explaining one manufacturing process of the semiconductor laser according to the third embodiment.
- FIG. 12 is a top view for explaining one manufacturing process of the semiconductor laser according to the third embodiment.
- FIG. 13 is a circuit diagram when the semiconductor laser according to Embodiment 3 is connected to a drive circuit.
- FIG. 14 is a perspective view for explaining one manufacturing process of the semiconductor laser according to the fourth embodiment.
- FIG. 15 is a circuit diagram when the semiconductor laser according to Embodiment 4 is connected to a drive circuit.
- FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram illustrating a semiconductor laser driving method according to a conventional example.
- FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram showing a semiconductor laser driving method for lowering the voltage.
- Second DBR layer 208 Cylindrical structure
- FIG. 1 and 2 are sectional views of the edge-emitting laser diode device according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is a top view of the edge-emitting laser diode element
- FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram when the edge-emitting laser diode element is connected to a drive circuit.
- the substrate As the substrate, an InP substrate 101 having a plane orientation of (100) and doped with Fe was used. A buffer layer 102 is formed on the substrate 101 as shown in FIG. Thereafter, after forming an n + -InGaAs layer 103, a resist film (not shown) was applied. Then, the resist film was patterned at a pitch of 250 [m] with two stripe pairs having a width of about 10 [m] and a distance of about 20 [m] by a photolithography process. Thereafter, the n + -InGaAs layer 103 was etched using the resist film formed as a pattern as a mask to obtain a pattern as shown in FIG.
- diffraction (not shown) is performed with a period of 240 [nm] with respect to the light traveling direction in the range of 20 [m], which is the gap between the stripe pairs of the n + -InGaAs layer 103, using electron beam exposure. Form a lattice.
- an SiO film with a thickness of about 100 [nm] is formed on the substrate 101 using a thermal CVD method.
- a pair of SiO masks 104 are formed at a pitch of 250 [m] so as to be parallel to the [011] direction by the photolithographic process and the etching process.
- the width of the SiO mask 104 is 5 [m]
- the gap was 2 [m].
- the center line connecting the two SiO masks 104 is the n +
- the InGaAs layer 103 is made to coincide with the center line of the stripe pair. Subsequently, selective growth of the active layer and the light guide layer is performed using the SiO mask 104. wavelength
- an InGaAsP barrier layer with a wavelength composition of 1. 15 [m] (thickness 10 [nm]), and a strain of 11 ⁇ & 8 5 with a wavelength composition of about 1.4 1! 1] (thickness 6 [11111] 7) multi-quantum well consisting of) was grown as an active layer.
- the band gap wavelength of this multiple quantum well layer was 1.3 [m].
- an InGaAsP optical confinement layer (thickness 60 [nm]) and a p-type InP layer (thickness 200 [nm]) having a wavelength composition of 1.15 [m] were grown.
- a SiO film (not shown) is formed on the upper surface of the mesa 105 including the active layer. This selective growth layer
- Non-Patent Document 1 The method for forming the SiO film on the top is described in detail in Non-Patent Document 1 above.
- the SiO mask 104 used for selective growth of the active layer on both sides of the mesa is removed.
- FIG. 2 shows the SiO film (not shown) formed on the upper surface of the mesa as a mask.
- the current blocking layer 106 also including Fe-doped InP force and the current blocking layer 107 including n-type InP were grown. Thereafter, SiO (not shown) formed on the upper surface of the mesa
- a clad layer 108 made of p-type InP and a p + -InGaAs contact layer 109 are formed.
- two electrode lead-out grooves 110 reaching the surface of the n + -InGaAs layer 103 are formed at intervals of 20 [m] so that the active layer is substantially centered (see FIG. 2).
- two element isolation grooves 111 reaching the Fe-doped substrate are formed outside the two electrode extraction grooves 110 so that the active layer is substantially at the center.
- the SiO film 112 (thickness 0.4 [m]) is formed on the entire surface of the laminate in which the groove is formed.
- the SiO film 112 is opened to form the p-side electrode 113 and the n-side electrode 114.
- the contact layer 109 formed on the opposite side and on the n + -InGaAs layer 103 on the right side in FIG. 2 of the two stripe-structured n + -InGaAs layers 103 on both sides of the active layer. Then, the p-side electrode force n + —the n-side electrode is formed in the opening on the InGaAs layer 103 in the opening on the contact layer 109.
- the opening width was 5 [ ⁇ m] for both.
- a TiZPtZAu electrode is deposited and patterned by a photolithographic process, and the p-side electrode 113, the n-side electrode 114, the first pad 115, the second pad 116, A third pad 117 is formed.
- SiO is sandwiched between the electrodes.
- the portion of the third node 117 is the key.
- TiZPtZAu formed on the top layer of the third pad 117 is the upper electrode
- SiO is the dielectric
- TiZPtZAu formed on the lower layer is the lower layer.
- TiZPtZAu which is the uppermost layer of the second pad 116, the lower electrode of the third pad, and the n-side electrode 114 are electrically connected.
- the resistance of TiZPt may be increased by removing Au from the wiring 118 that connects the P-side electrode 113 and the first pad 115, and may be used as a matching resistance for impedance matching.
- the substrate 101 is polished to a thickness of about 100 [m]. Then, after cleaving to a resonator length of 250 [/ ⁇ ⁇ ] by cleavage, a high reflection film is formed on one side of the laser end face, and a low reflection film is formed on the other side, and a laser array is formed by cutting out every 4 channels.
- Each element of this 4-channel laser array is operated by being connected to a drive circuit 119 as shown in FIG.
- the drive circuit is a single-action output.
- the capacitors and resistors in Fig. 4 are the SiO film formed by the above process sandwiched between metals (117) and the TiZPt resistor (118).
- the first terminal 120 is for connection to a power supply line.
- the second terminal 121 is used for an AC signal of the drive circuit, and the third terminal 122 is used for a DC signal.
- the first terminal 120, the second terminal 121, and the third terminal 122 are connected to the first pad 115, the third node 117, and the second pad 116, respectively, provided in the surface emitting laser. ing.
- the capacitor is provided on the light emitting element substrate, an external capacitor is not required. As a result, high-density mounting is possible, and the semiconductor device can be downsized.
- a light emitting element capable of forming a high density array can be realized.
- interconnection between chips and boards can be performed with high-capacity optical communication, which can greatly contribute to performance improvements such as overall system throughput and computation speed.
- FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a surface emitting laser having an oscillation wavelength of about 0.85 [m] according to the second embodiment.
- 6 to 8 are schematic explanatory views for explaining one manufacturing process of the surface emitting laser.
- Fig. 9 is a circuit diagram when a surface emitting laser is connected to a drive circuit.
- An n-type GaAs substrate 201 was used as the substrate. On this substrate 201, as shown in FIG. 5, an n-type half layer having a basic unit of a pair of an n-type Al Ga As layer and an n-type Al Ga As layer is provided.
- 1st DBR layer 202 with multiple conductor mirror layers hereinafter abbreviated as “DBR”), 1st cladding layer 203 of n-type Al Ga As layer, non-doped G
- Active layer 204 consisting of aAs quantum well and Al Ga As barrier layer, p-type Al Ga As layer first layer
- Cladding layer 205 Cladding layer 205, p-type Al Ga As (0.9 ⁇ x ⁇ 1) oxidation current confinement layer forming layer 206, p-type Al Ga As layer and p-type Al Ga As layer as a basic unit DBR (p-type half
- a second DBR layer 207 having a plurality of conductive mirror layers) is sequentially stacked (step 2-1). These layers are deposited by metal organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD).
- MOCVD metal organic chemical vapor deposition
- each As layer is set so that each optical path length in these media is approximately 1Z4 of the oscillation wavelength.
- a resist film (not shown) is applied onto the second DBR layer 207, and a circular resist mask is formed by a photolithography process.
- etching is performed by dry etching until the surface of the first DBR layer 202 is exposed as shown in FIG.
- a cylindrical structure 208 having a diameter of about 20 [m] is formed (step 2-2).
- the resist is removed.
- heating is performed for about 10 minutes in an environment of about 400 [° C] in a furnace in a steam atmosphere (step 2-3). As a result, as shown in FIG.
- only the current confinement portion forming layer 206 is selectively oxidized in an annular shape.
- a non-oxidized region having a diameter of about 8 [m] is formed in the central portion of the current confinement portion forming layer 206.
- a configuration formed of the oxidized region and the non-oxidized region formed in the current confinement portion forming layer 206 is referred to as a current confinement portion.
- the current confinement part is provided to concentrate the current in the active layer region having the same width as the non-oxidized region! /
- x which is the content of A1
- x which is the content of A1
- x is greater than 0.9 and is 1.0 / J, and is a small value. This is because the value of X ⁇ ). This is also because the oxidation rate must be faster than the DBR layer.
- an electrode is formed on the first DBR 202 exposed by the mesa etching.
- a mesa is embedded with polyimide 210, and the polyimide on the electrode formed in step 2-4 is removed by a photolithographic process (step 2-5).
- a P-side electrode is formed.
- a resist film is applied, patterned by mask exposure, and TiZPtZAu is then deposited.
- the resist film is removed, and a p-side electrode 211, a first pad 212, and a second pad 213 are formed by lift-off as shown in FIG.
- the p-side electrode 211, the first pad 212, and the second pad 213 are connected in this order.
- a third pad 214 and a fourth pad 215 are formed on the polyimide.
- the third pad 213 and the fourth pad 214 are connected to the n-side electrode 209 formed in the step 2-4 (step 2-6).
- Capacitors are formed by removing / Pt / Au and SiO.
- capacitors are formed on the second pad 213 and the third pad 215. That is, SiO and electrodes are stacked on the second pad 213 and the third node 215.
- TiZPt / which constitutes the wiring 216 connecting the first pad 212 and the second pad 213 By removing Au out of Au, TiZPt is obtained so that it has resistance comparable to that of surface emitting lasers (Step 2-7).
- the surface-emitting laser manufactured in this way is cut out to obtain a two-dimensional array having 4 ⁇ 8 32 element force. Then, each element of the two-dimensional array is connected to the drive circuit 217 and operated as shown in FIG.
- a driver circuit having a differential output is used.
- the capacitors and resistors in the figure are formed by the above process, and the portion surrounded by the dotted line corresponds to the inside of the laser chip.
- the first terminal 218 for connecting the surface emitting laser to the driving circuit is connected to the power supply line
- the second terminal 219 and the third terminal 220 are the AC signal terminals of the driving circuit
- the fourth terminal Terminal 221 is a DC signal terminal.
- a bias current control element 222 in the drive circuit is provided in the drive circuit.
- the first terminal 218, the second terminal 219, the third terminal 220, and the fourth terminal 221 are respectively a first pad 212, a second node 213, and a fourth node provided in the surface emitting laser. 215, connected to the third
- the capacitor in the figure is obtained by sandwiching the SiO film formed by the above process between metals.
- the capacitors are integrated on the surface emitting laser array. For this reason, since it is not necessary to mount outside, the semiconductor device can be miniaturized. A two-dimensional array can also be mounted on the backside of the LSI. As a result, LS
- FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the surface emitting laser diode element according to the third embodiment.
- 11 and 12 are a perspective view and a top view for explaining one manufacturing process of the surface emitting laser diode element.
- FIG. 14 is a circuit diagram when connected to the drive circuit.
- the basic configuration is the same as that of the second embodiment except for the following points. That is, in Embodiment 2 described above, SiO is used as the dielectric film constituting the capacitor.
- the third embodiment is different in that an oxidized A1GaAs layer is used as a dielectric constituting the capacitor. Another difference is that inductors are integrated.
- a configuration and manufacturing method of a two-dimensional array of surface-emitting lasers according to the third embodiment will be described.
- An n-type GaAs substrate 301 was used as the substrate.
- first clad layer 303 0. 3 0. 7 first clad layer 303, non-doped GaAs quantum well and Al Ga As barrier layer force
- the second DBR layer 3 07 which is a stack of a plurality of DBRs (p-type semiconductor mirror layers) with a pair of 0. 2 0. 8 0. 9 0. 1 as the basic unit, is sequentially stacked (see Fig. 10). ). These layers are stacked by metal organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) as in the second embodiment.
- MOCVD metal organic chemical vapor deposition
- n-type GaAs 308 on the second DBR layer 307, n-type GaAs 308, n-type Al Ga As309 (where 0.9 ⁇ y ⁇ 1), n Form type GaAs310 l
- the n-type GaAs 308, Al Ga As 309, and GaAs 310 are removed while leaving a part by the photolithography process and the etching process. Further part of the remaining l
- n-type GaAs310 and AlGaAs309 are removed to obtain the structure shown in Fig. 10
- the body is 350) (Step 3-2).
- the Al Ga As layer 309 is entirely oxidized so that a non-oxidized region does not remain.
- the oxidation rate during heating in the water vapor atmosphere largely depends on the A1 composition.
- the composition ratio between the Al Ga As layer 306 and the Al Ga As layer 309 is set to x and y.
- Al Ga As 306 can be fully oxidized with a relatively wide Al Ga As 309 even under oxidation conditions and time in which a non-oxidized region of 8 [m] remains.
- this part is used as a capacitor.
- Step 3-5 the n-electrode is formed, the polyimide 313 is embedded, and a part thereof is removed.
- two n-side electrodes are formed for one pole-like structure formed in step 3-3, that is, a first n-side electrode 314 and a second n-side electrode 315 are formed.
- a p-side electrode is formed in the same manner as in Step 2-6 of Embodiment 2 above.
- a resist film is applied.
- TiZPtZAu is deposited, the resist is removed, and a p-side electrode 316 and a first pad 317 are formed by lift-off as shown in FIG.
- a second pad 318 and a third pad 319 are formed on the polyimide.
- the n-side electrode 314 which is one of the two n-side electrodes formed in the above step 3-5, the n-type GaAs layer 308 which is the lower electrode exposed in the step 3-2, and the n-side electrode n which is the upper electrode
- the type GaAs layer 310 and the second pad 318 are connected to each other.
- a spiral wiring pattern 320 serving as an inductor is formed on the polyimide. One end of the wiring pattern 320 is connected to the second n-side electrode 315, and the other end is connected to the third pad 319.
- the surface-emitting laser manufactured in this way is cut out to form a one-dimensional array having a four-element force, and each element is connected to a driving circuit 321 as shown in FIG.
- a drive circuit with a single action output is used.
- the capacitor and inductor in the figure are formed by the above process, and the portion surrounded by the dotted line corresponds to the inside of the laser chip.
- the first terminal 322 for connecting the surface emitting laser to the drive circuit is connected to the power supply line
- the second terminal 323 is the AC signal terminal for the drive circuit
- the third terminal 324 is for the DC signal belongs to.
- the first terminal 322, the second terminal 323, and the third terminal 324 are connected to the first pad 317, the second node 318, and the third pad 319, respectively.
- the semiconductor device can be mounted at a high density. Also, miniaturization is possible.
- the inductor is also integrated, so fluctuations in the source-drain voltage of the bias current control MOS-FET 325 can be suppressed. This makes it possible to operate the MOS-FET in the non-saturated region and use it as a variable resistor for gate voltage control. In this case, the voltage drop across the MOS-FET is small, so the necessary noise can be applied to the laser even at a lower power supply voltage.
- the force used as a dielectric constituting the capacitor by oxidizing the AlGaAs layer is controlled by the epitaxial growth, so that there is no pin hole.
- Thin film can be manufactured with good uniformity and reproducibility.
- FIG. 14 is a perspective view of a surface emitting laser according to the fourth embodiment.
- inductors for adjusting impedance are integrated for the case of using a surface emitting laser having a resistance higher than the impedance of the transmission line will be described.
- steps 2-1 to 2-5 in the second embodiment are manufactured by the same procedure.
- a p-side electrode is formed.
- TiZPtZAu is deposited.
- the resist is removed, and a p-side ring electrode 401, a first pad 402, and a second pad 403 are formed by lift-off as shown in FIG.
- a third pad 404, a fourth pad 405, and a wiring pattern 407 serving as an inductor are formed on the polyimide.
- the third pad 404 is connected to the n-side electrode 406 formed on the first DBR.
- One end of the wiring pattern 407 serving as an inductor is connected to the third pad 404, and the other end is connected to the fourth pad 405.
- the portions of the second pad 403 and the fourth pad 405 function as a capacitor. That is, Ti / PtZAu formed on the uppermost layer of the second pad 403 is the upper electrode, SiO
- TiZPtZAu formed in the lower layer is the lower electrode.
- the Au portion of the wiring 408 of TiZPtZAu that connects the first pad 402 and the second pad 403 is removed, and only TiZPt is used as wiring.
- the resistance of the portion of the wiring 408 is matched with the impedance of the transmission line.
- the surface-emitting laser manufactured in this way is cut out into a two-dimensional array of 2 X 4 8-element force. Each element is connected to a driving circuit 409 as shown in FIG.
- a driver circuit with a differential output is used.
- the first terminal 410 for driving the surface emitting laser according to the present embodiment is connected to the power supply line
- the second terminal 411 and the third terminal 412 are the AC signal terminals of the drive circuit
- the fourth terminal Terminal 413 is used as a DC signal terminal.
- the first terminal 410, the second terminal 411, the third terminal 412, and the fourth terminal 413 are respectively the first pad 402, the second node 403, the fourth node 405, and the fourth terminal 413.
- the capacitor, inductor and resistor on the light emitting element side in the figure are formed by the above process, and the portion surrounded by the dotted line corresponds to the inside of the laser chip.
- the capacitor and the inductor are connected in series. Impedance can be almost matched in a predetermined frequency range. And it becomes possible to reduce signal reflection significantly. Therefore, by appropriately setting the inductor value, signal reflection near the modulation frequency to be used can be reduced.
- wiring is performed by wire bonding, the inductance of the wire can be used, but when flip-chip mounting is performed, the inductance of the wire cannot be used. Therefore, it is useful to form a small inductor on the chip as in the fourth embodiment and use it.
- SiO and acid are used as the dielectric constituting the capacitor.
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- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Semiconductor Lasers (AREA)
Abstract
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JP7527068B2 (ja) | 2021-04-05 | 2024-08-02 | 常州縦慧芯光半導体科技有限公司 | 半導体光源およびその駆動回路 |
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