WO2006005805A1 - Method for measuring the sagging of a glass panel - Google Patents

Method for measuring the sagging of a glass panel Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2006005805A1
WO2006005805A1 PCT/FI2005/050261 FI2005050261W WO2006005805A1 WO 2006005805 A1 WO2006005805 A1 WO 2006005805A1 FI 2005050261 W FI2005050261 W FI 2005050261W WO 2006005805 A1 WO2006005805 A1 WO 2006005805A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
glass panel
measuring
distance
sagging
gauge
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FI2005/050261
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Toivo Janhunen
Original Assignee
Tamglass Ltd. Oy
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Tamglass Ltd. Oy filed Critical Tamglass Ltd. Oy
Priority to CA002573608A priority Critical patent/CA2573608A1/en
Priority to BRPI0513302-5A priority patent/BRPI0513302A/en
Priority to JP2007520849A priority patent/JP2008506938A/en
Priority to US11/632,415 priority patent/US7443499B2/en
Priority to EP05762280A priority patent/EP1769218A1/en
Publication of WO2006005805A1 publication Critical patent/WO2006005805A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B23/00—Re-forming shaped glass
    • C03B23/02—Re-forming glass sheets
    • C03B23/023—Re-forming glass sheets by bending
    • C03B23/025—Re-forming glass sheets by bending by gravity
    • C03B23/0258—Gravity bending involving applying local or additional heating, cooling or insulating means
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
    • C03B29/00—Reheating glass products for softening or fusing their surfaces; Fire-polishing; Fusing of margins
    • C03B29/04—Reheating glass products for softening or fusing their surfaces; Fire-polishing; Fusing of margins in a continuous way
    • C03B29/06—Reheating glass products for softening or fusing their surfaces; Fire-polishing; Fusing of margins in a continuous way with horizontal displacement of the products
    • C03B29/08—Glass sheets
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
    • G01B11/24—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring contours or curvatures

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for measuring the sagging of a glass panel in the process of bending the glass panel on a ring mould, said method comprising establishing a reference plane stationary or positionally fixed with respect to the ring mould and measuring the sagging at a glass panel's measuring point and the measurement data being applied to control progress of the bending process, especially heating of the glass panel or abortion of the bending process.
  • Patent application WO 02/23124 discloses a method, in which a line camera is used for tracking the angle of reflection of a light beam reflected from glass.
  • the angle of reflection is highly sensitive to a possible surface defect in glass and to a local curvature defect in glass, whereby the angle of reflection provides a defective measuring result.
  • This method may also involve measuring the distance of a reflection point from the camera by applying a second light source and the triangulation principle.
  • a method of the present invention is characterized in that a distance gauge, including a transmitter and a receiver for laser pulses, is used for measuring a distance between the reference plane and the distance gauge by determining the transmission time of a laser pulse from transmitter to receiver, a distance gauge is used for measuring a distance between the glass panels measuring point and the distance gauge by determing the transmission time of the laser pulse from transmitter to receiver, and the glass panel's sagging is determined by comparing the distance between the reference plane and the distance gauge to the distance between the glass panel's measuring point and the distance gauge.
  • Fig. 1 shows schematically an apparatus of the invention in a side view
  • Fig. 2 shows schematically an apparatus of the invention in a plan view.
  • figs. 1 and 2 depict one embodiment for an apparatus applying a method of the invention.
  • the oven 1 includes an elongated space defined by walls Ia, which is divided by means of a floor Ib or the like for two elongated spaces on top of each other. The upper of these spaces is divided by the vertical walls of mould carriages 3 for successive preheating compartments 2, followed by an actual bending compartment 2a for the glass panel 6, in which the inventive method for measuring the glass panel's 6 sagging is actually applied.
  • the glass panel is generally heated by means of resistances 9 disposed in the heating compartments 2 and in the actual bending compartment 2a.
  • the section of an oven downstream of the bending compartment includes usually a lift compartment (not shown), whereby the bent glass panel 6 is conveyed into the lower space.
  • the lower space is divided by the vertical walls of mould carriages 3 for successive cooling compartments 8 for performing a controlled cooling of the glass panel.
  • the glass panel 6 is carried on the mould carriage 3 along a conveying track provided in the oven 1 in a per se known manner from one compartment to the next.
  • the glass panel 6 is laid on a ring mould 4 attached to the mould carriage 3.
  • the advancing direction of an upper conveying track is indicated by reference numeral Dl and the traveling direction of a lower conveying track is indicated by reference numeral D2.
  • the method comprises preheating the glass 6 on top of the ring mould 4 in the compartments 2. In the process of bending on the ring mould 4, the glass 6 is not supported at all in its middle section, but only along its periphery.
  • the glass panel 6 may already be in a somewhat bent condition in its middle section.
  • the actual bending i.e. providing the glass panel 6 with a desired sagging, is performed in the bending compartment 2a.
  • a first distance gauge or sensor 7 which defines a first measuring point for the glass panel 6 in the proceeding direction of the track Dl.
  • a second distance gauge or sensor 70 which is preferably identical in its design and function to the distance gauge 7 placed between the compartments.
  • the second distance gauge 70 defines a second measuring point.
  • This gauge 7 and 70 used for applying the method, comprises a transmitter and a receiver.
  • the transmitter applies to the glass panel's 6 middle section, the surface thereof, at desired intervals, a short laser pulse 7a which reflects from the glass panel's 6 surface to the receiver.
  • the distance can be determined on the basis of the laser pulse's 7a proceeding time from transmitter to receiver.
  • the gauges 7 and 70 measure this proceeding time. The measurement can be performed at each measuring point from a single hole in the oven's roof, the space demand being modest and the measuring point or a plurality of measuring points being easy to choose.
  • the ring mould 4 or the mould carriage 3 preferably along the ring mould's 4 centre axis of symmetry, is provided with markers 5a and 5b or identification tags. Viewed in the proceeding direction Dl, the markers are positioned in the carriage's leading and trailing sections in such a way that the glass panel 6 is held therebetween in its advancing direction.
  • a first measurement is performed while conveying the carriage 3 from the preheating compartment 2 to the bending compartment 2a.
  • the first measurement involves using the distance gauge 7 for measuring a distance between the reference plane 5a and the distance gauge 7.
  • the marker 5a be provided with a reflective surface for a laser pulse to reflect back to the distance gauge 7.
  • a first fixed reference plane is thereby established for a second measurement.
  • the second measurement involves using the distance gauge 7 for measuring a distance between the glass panel's 6 measuring point and the distance gauge 7.
  • the glass panel's 6 sagging is determined by comparing at least these two measuring results to each other.
  • the glass panel 6 may have its surface 6b provided in the glass panel's 6 advancing direction even with a plurality of successive measuring points or the measurement may proceed almost continuously for providing a sagging profile in almost solid line.
  • the mould-specific reference data can be readily obtained from two locations (a measurement of two reference planes enables a more precise determination of the reference plane than a measurement of just one reference plane), and also obtained is information about possible sagging caused by preheating. This information can be utilized, for example, in the process of determining or regulating beforehand an on/off pattern or effects produced by the bending compartment's 2a resistances 9 in preparation of bending the discussed glass panel 6.
  • the measurement data can also be used in the process of regulating the preheating compartments' 2 heating effect for subsequent glass panels.
  • the actual sagging measurement in other words a measurement for a distance and variation of distance to the immobilised glass panel's 6 centre (measuring point), is performed with the second distance gauge 70 during the bending process as shown in fig. 1.
  • the second gauge 70 also needs a reference plane, which it acquires by measuring a distance to the marker 5a carried along with the mould 4 proceeding into the bending compartment 2a.
  • the measuring result obtained from the measuring point is compared to the reference plane measured by the second gauge 70.
  • the only available measuring result is the one provided by the first gauge 7.
  • the heating process can be controlled for producing a desired sagging. Once a desired sagging is achieved, the bending process can be stopped and the glass panel 6 carried along on its track Dl for further processing.
  • the number of gauges 7, 70 can be one, two or more. A practical implementation of the invention requires at least a gauge 70 present in the bending compartment.
  • the number of reference planes 5a, 5b can also be one, two or more for each bending mould. Each reference plane 5a, 5b must be immobile or positionally fixed relative to the mould 4.

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for measuring the sagging of a glass panel (6) in the process of bending the glass panel (6) on a ring mould (4). The method comprises measuring the sagging at a glass panel's measuring point and the measurement data is applied to control progress of the bending process, especially heating of the glass panel (6) or abortion of the bending process. A reference plane (5a, 5b) stationary with respect to the ring mould (4) is established, a distance gauge (7, 70) is used for measuring a distance between the reference plane (5a, 5b) and the distance gauge (7, 70), a distance gauge (7, 70) is used for measuring a distance between the glass panel's (6) measuring point and the distance gauge (7, 70). The glass panel's (6) sagging is determined by comparing the distance between the reference plane (5a, 5b) and the distance gauge (7, 70) to the distance between the glass panel's (6) measuring point and the distance gauge (7, 70).

Description

Method for measuring the sagging of a glass panel
The present invention relates to a method for measuring the sagging of a glass panel in the process of bending the glass panel on a ring mould, said method comprising establishing a reference plane stationary or positionally fixed with respect to the ring mould and measuring the sagging at a glass panel's measuring point and the measurement data being applied to control progress of the bending process, especially heating of the glass panel or abortion of the bending process.
This type of method for measuring a glass panel's sagging is prior known from Finnish patent application FI-912871. That comprises monitoring the sagging with a measuring instrument for applying a laser beam to the surface of a glass panel and a CCD camera is used for tracking the distance of a confluence point between glass and laser beam from a reference plane. This arrangement requires a lot of space and sets constraints regarding the choice of a measuring point. An angle of reflection required for the laser beam calls for two holes in the roof of an oven for each measuring point and accuracy is not sufficient because of the angle of reflection.
Patent application WO 02/23124 discloses a method, in which a line camera is used for tracking the angle of reflection of a light beam reflected from glass. The angle of reflection is highly sensitive to a possible surface defect in glass and to a local curvature defect in glass, whereby the angle of reflection provides a defective measuring result. This method may also involve measuring the distance of a reflection point from the camera by applying a second light source and the triangulation principle.
In addition to the above, there are a host of prior known methods, disclosed for example in publications FI 850120 and FI 98757, wherein light beams reflected from an arched or arching glass panel are monitored in various ways by means of a line or matrix camera or cameras. These methods are hampered by problems similar to those found in the method disclosed in publication WO 02/23124.
It is an object of the present invention to eliminate or substantially alleviate the above drawbacks.
In order to achieve the above object, a method of the present invention is characterized in that a distance gauge, including a transmitter and a receiver for laser pulses, is used for measuring a distance between the reference plane and the distance gauge by determining the transmission time of a laser pulse from transmitter to receiver, a distance gauge is used for measuring a distance between the glass panels measuring point and the distance gauge by determing the transmission time of the laser pulse from transmitter to receiver, and the glass panel's sagging is determined by comparing the distance between the reference plane and the distance gauge to the distance between the glass panel's measuring point and the distance gauge.
Preferred embodiments of the present invention are set forth in the dependent claims.
The invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
Fig. 1 shows schematically an apparatus of the invention in a side view, and
Fig. 2 shows schematically an apparatus of the invention in a plan view.
Thus, figs. 1 and 2 depict one embodiment for an apparatus applying a method of the invention. There is shown a section of an oven 1 designed for bending a glass panel 6. The oven 1 includes an elongated space defined by walls Ia, which is divided by means of a floor Ib or the like for two elongated spaces on top of each other. The upper of these spaces is divided by the vertical walls of mould carriages 3 for successive preheating compartments 2, followed by an actual bending compartment 2a for the glass panel 6, in which the inventive method for measuring the glass panel's 6 sagging is actually applied. The glass panel is generally heated by means of resistances 9 disposed in the heating compartments 2 and in the actual bending compartment 2a. The section of an oven downstream of the bending compartment includes usually a lift compartment (not shown), whereby the bent glass panel 6 is conveyed into the lower space. The lower space is divided by the vertical walls of mould carriages 3 for successive cooling compartments 8 for performing a controlled cooling of the glass panel.
The glass panel 6 is carried on the mould carriage 3 along a conveying track provided in the oven 1 in a per se known manner from one compartment to the next. The glass panel 6 is laid on a ring mould 4 attached to the mould carriage 3. The advancing direction of an upper conveying track is indicated by reference numeral Dl and the traveling direction of a lower conveying track is indicated by reference numeral D2. The method comprises preheating the glass 6 on top of the ring mould 4 in the compartments 2. In the process of bending on the ring mould 4, the glass 6 is not supported at all in its middle section, but only along its periphery. As the mould carriage 3, and thereby also the glass panel 6, proceeds from the preheating compartment 2 to the bending compartment, the glass panel 6 may already be in a somewhat bent condition in its middle section. The actual bending, i.e. providing the glass panel 6 with a desired sagging, is performed in the bending compartment 2a.
In view of measuring the above sagging, between the preheating compartment 2 and the bending compartment 2a, outside the compartments 2 and 2a, preferably on top of the oven 1, is disposed a first distance gauge or sensor 7, which defines a first measuring point for the glass panel 6 in the proceeding direction of the track Dl. In addition to this, on top of the bending compartment 2a, preferably above the glass panel's 6 middle section (with the glass panel immobilised in the bending compartment 2a), is disposed a second distance gauge or sensor 70, which is preferably identical in its design and function to the distance gauge 7 placed between the compartments. The second distance gauge 70 defines a second measuring point. This gauge 7 and 70, used for applying the method, comprises a transmitter and a receiver. The transmitter applies to the glass panel's 6 middle section, the surface thereof, at desired intervals, a short laser pulse 7a which reflects from the glass panel's 6 surface to the receiver. The distance can be determined on the basis of the laser pulse's 7a proceeding time from transmitter to receiver. The gauges 7 and 70 measure this proceeding time. The measurement can be performed at each measuring point from a single hole in the oven's roof, the space demand being modest and the measuring point or a plurality of measuring points being easy to choose.
In order to obtain this measuring result, it is necessary to establish a reference plane in conjunction with the glass panel 6 for comparing therewith the result measured from the middle of the glass panel 6. Therefor, the ring mould 4 or the mould carriage 3, preferably along the ring mould's 4 centre axis of symmetry, is provided with markers 5a and 5b or identification tags. Viewed in the proceeding direction Dl, the markers are positioned in the carriage's leading and trailing sections in such a way that the glass panel 6 is held therebetween in its advancing direction.
A first measurement is performed while conveying the carriage 3 from the preheating compartment 2 to the bending compartment 2a. The first measurement involves using the distance gauge 7 for measuring a distance between the reference plane 5a and the distance gauge 7. Thus, it is preferred that the marker 5a be provided with a reflective surface for a laser pulse to reflect back to the distance gauge 7. A first fixed reference plane is thereby established for a second measurement. Next, the second measurement involves using the distance gauge 7 for measuring a distance between the glass panel's 6 measuring point and the distance gauge 7. The glass panel's 6 sagging is determined by comparing at least these two measuring results to each other. The glass panel 6 may have its surface 6b provided in the glass panel's 6 advancing direction even with a plurality of successive measuring points or the measurement may proceed almost continuously for providing a sagging profile in almost solid line.
As the mould carriage 3 proceeds further along its track Dl, the trailing marker 5b will also pass by the discussed measuring point for providing a second reference plane. Thus, the mould-specific reference data can be readily obtained from two locations (a measurement of two reference planes enables a more precise determination of the reference plane than a measurement of just one reference plane), and also obtained is information about possible sagging caused by preheating. This information can be utilized, for example, in the process of determining or regulating beforehand an on/off pattern or effects produced by the bending compartment's 2a resistances 9 in preparation of bending the discussed glass panel 6. The measurement data can also be used in the process of regulating the preheating compartments' 2 heating effect for subsequent glass panels.
The actual sagging measurement, in other words a measurement for a distance and variation of distance to the immobilised glass panel's 6 centre (measuring point), is performed with the second distance gauge 70 during the bending process as shown in fig. 1. In order to ensure a correct measuring result, the second gauge 70 also needs a reference plane, which it acquires by measuring a distance to the marker 5a carried along with the mould 4 proceeding into the bending compartment 2a. The measuring result obtained from the measuring point is compared to the reference plane measured by the second gauge 70. In addition to or instead of this, it is possible to effect a comparison with the reference planes measured by the first gauge 7. With regard to the marker 5b, the only available measuring result is the one provided by the first gauge 7. It is further possible to perform a measurement of sagging and a process control during the bending process without the first measurement effected by the first gauge 7. By tracking the measuring result or results, the heating process (resistances) can be controlled for producing a desired sagging. Once a desired sagging is achieved, the bending process can be stopped and the glass panel 6 carried along on its track Dl for further processing.
The number of gauges 7, 70 can be one, two or more. A practical implementation of the invention requires at least a gauge 70 present in the bending compartment. The number of reference planes 5a, 5b can also be one, two or more for each bending mould. Each reference plane 5a, 5b must be immobile or positionally fixed relative to the mould 4.

Claims

Claims
1. A method for measuring the sagging of a glass panel (6) in the process of bending the glass panel (6) on a ring mould (4), said method comprising establishing a reference plane (5a, 5b) stationary or positionally fixed with respect to the ring mould (4) and measuring the sagging at a glass panel's measuring point and the measurement data being applied to control progress of the bending process, especially heating of the glass panel (6) or abortion of the bending process, characterized in that a distance gauge (7, 70), including a transmitter and a receiver for laser pulses, is used for measuring a distance between the reference plane (5a, 5b) and the distance gauge (7, 70) by determining the transmission time of a laser pulse (7a) from transmitter to receiver, a distance gauge (7, 70) is used for measuring a distance between the glass panels (6) measuring point and the distance gauge (7, 70) by determing the transmission time of the laser pulse (7a) from transmitter to receiver, and the glass panel's (6) sagging is determined by comparing the distance between the reference plane (5a, 5b) and the distance gauge (7, 70) to the distance between the glass panel's (6) measuring point and the distance gauge (7, 70).
2. A method as set forth in claim 1, characterized in that the first distance gauge (7) is used for measuring the sagging of a pre-bent glass panel (6) prior to a final bending process and the second distance gauge (70) is used for measuring the sagging of the glass panel (6) during a final bending process.
3. A method as set forth in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the glass panel's (6) sagging is measured at several measuring points successive in the glass panel's (6) advancing direction.
4. A method as set forth in any of the preceding claims 1-3, characterized in that the glass panel (6) lies between two reference planes (5a, 5b) in the glass panel's (6) advancing direction.
5. A method as set forth in any of the preceding claims 1-4, characterized in that the reference plane (5a, 5b) and/or the measuring point are located essentially on the ring mould's centre axis of symmetry.
PCT/FI2005/050261 2004-07-14 2005-06-30 Method for measuring the sagging of a glass panel WO2006005805A1 (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CA002573608A CA2573608A1 (en) 2004-07-14 2005-06-30 Method for measuring the sagging of a glass panel
BRPI0513302-5A BRPI0513302A (en) 2004-07-14 2005-06-30 Deflection measurement method of a glass panel
JP2007520849A JP2008506938A (en) 2004-07-14 2005-06-30 Method for measuring deflection of glass panel
US11/632,415 US7443499B2 (en) 2005-06-30 2005-06-30 Method for measuring the sagging of a glass panel
EP05762280A EP1769218A1 (en) 2004-07-14 2005-06-30 Method for measuring the sagging of a glass panel

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI20045273 2004-07-14
FI20045273A FI118273B (en) 2004-07-14 2004-07-14 Method for measuring the bending resistance of the glass sheet

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2006005805A1 true WO2006005805A1 (en) 2006-01-19

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ID=32749265

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/FI2005/050261 WO2006005805A1 (en) 2004-07-14 2005-06-30 Method for measuring the sagging of a glass panel

Country Status (8)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1769218A1 (en)
JP (1) JP2008506938A (en)
CN (1) CN1985148A (en)
BR (1) BRPI0513302A (en)
CA (1) CA2573608A1 (en)
FI (1) FI118273B (en)
RU (1) RU2007105502A (en)
WO (1) WO2006005805A1 (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2008095455A1 (en) * 2007-02-11 2008-08-14 Dieter Pfaltz Curved safety glass laminated by means of cast resin, and the method for the production of the safety glass

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CN102589445A (en) * 2012-03-05 2012-07-18 南京三埃工控股份有限公司 Sag detection method and device of belt
CN103063383B (en) * 2013-01-10 2017-07-11 芜湖东旭光电科技有限公司 A kind of deflection measuring apparatus of flat display substrate glass
CN103439477B (en) * 2013-08-30 2015-06-24 成都中光电科技有限公司 Glass droop testing platform
CN104296674A (en) * 2014-11-03 2015-01-21 苏州精创光学仪器有限公司 Method for measuring automatic warp degree of glass panel
WO2018148014A1 (en) * 2017-02-09 2018-08-16 Laitram, L.L.C. Apparatus and methods for measuring belts
CN109579773B (en) * 2019-01-15 2020-10-27 蚌埠翰邦知识产权服务有限公司 Glass deformation amount measuring method
CN110553592A (en) * 2019-09-02 2019-12-10 蚌埠中光电科技有限公司 Method for measuring sag of advanced TFT (thin film transistor) substrate glass

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US4158507A (en) * 1977-07-27 1979-06-19 Recognition Equipment Incorporated Laser measuring system for inspection
JPS5520424A (en) * 1978-08-01 1980-02-13 Asahi Glass Co Ltd Flexion measuring method in bending process of glass plate
US4735508A (en) * 1986-06-02 1988-04-05 Honeywell Inc. Method and apparatus for measuring a curvature of a reflective surface
WO1990002310A1 (en) * 1988-08-26 1990-03-08 Libbey-Owens-Ford Co. Apparatus and method for inspecting glass sheets
US4979920A (en) * 1989-08-23 1990-12-25 Thomson Consumer Electronics, Inc. System for measuring Q spacing in a kinescope panel
FI912871A (en) * 1991-06-14 1992-12-15 Tamglass Eng Oy FOERFARANDE FOER BOEJNING AV GLASSKIVOR
WO1993008447A1 (en) * 1991-10-22 1993-04-29 Tamglass Engineering Oy Method and device for measuring the degree of bending in a glass sheet
US5781302A (en) * 1996-07-22 1998-07-14 Geneva Steel Non-contact shape meter for flatness measurements
US6452684B1 (en) * 1998-06-10 2002-09-17 Road Ware B.V. Device for determining the contour of a road surface

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4158507A (en) * 1977-07-27 1979-06-19 Recognition Equipment Incorporated Laser measuring system for inspection
JPS5520424A (en) * 1978-08-01 1980-02-13 Asahi Glass Co Ltd Flexion measuring method in bending process of glass plate
US4735508A (en) * 1986-06-02 1988-04-05 Honeywell Inc. Method and apparatus for measuring a curvature of a reflective surface
WO1990002310A1 (en) * 1988-08-26 1990-03-08 Libbey-Owens-Ford Co. Apparatus and method for inspecting glass sheets
US4979920A (en) * 1989-08-23 1990-12-25 Thomson Consumer Electronics, Inc. System for measuring Q spacing in a kinescope panel
FI912871A (en) * 1991-06-14 1992-12-15 Tamglass Eng Oy FOERFARANDE FOER BOEJNING AV GLASSKIVOR
WO1993008447A1 (en) * 1991-10-22 1993-04-29 Tamglass Engineering Oy Method and device for measuring the degree of bending in a glass sheet
US5781302A (en) * 1996-07-22 1998-07-14 Geneva Steel Non-contact shape meter for flatness measurements
US6452684B1 (en) * 1998-06-10 2002-09-17 Road Ware B.V. Device for determining the contour of a road surface

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2008095455A1 (en) * 2007-02-11 2008-08-14 Dieter Pfaltz Curved safety glass laminated by means of cast resin, and the method for the production of the safety glass

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN1985148A (en) 2007-06-20
FI20045273A0 (en) 2004-07-14
JP2008506938A (en) 2008-03-06
CA2573608A1 (en) 2006-01-19
EP1769218A1 (en) 2007-04-04
FI20045273A (en) 2006-01-15
RU2007105502A (en) 2008-08-20
FI118273B (en) 2007-09-14
BRPI0513302A (en) 2008-05-06

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