WO2006005796A1 - Procédé et appareil destinés au montage d'une machine synchrone à aimants permanents et à flux axial - Google Patents

Procédé et appareil destinés au montage d'une machine synchrone à aimants permanents et à flux axial Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2006005796A1
WO2006005796A1 PCT/FI2005/000323 FI2005000323W WO2006005796A1 WO 2006005796 A1 WO2006005796 A1 WO 2006005796A1 FI 2005000323 W FI2005000323 W FI 2005000323W WO 2006005796 A1 WO2006005796 A1 WO 2006005796A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
stator
rotor
air gap
target value
magnetic attraction
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FI2005/000323
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
WO2006005796A8 (fr
Inventor
Arttu Hult
Asmo Tenhunen
Jari ÖSTERMAN
Original Assignee
Kone Corporation
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kone Corporation filed Critical Kone Corporation
Publication of WO2006005796A1 publication Critical patent/WO2006005796A1/fr
Publication of WO2006005796A8 publication Critical patent/WO2006005796A8/fr

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K15/00Methods or apparatus specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining or repairing of dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K15/16Centering rotors within the stator; Balancing rotors
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K15/00Methods or apparatus specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining or repairing of dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K15/02Methods or apparatus specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining or repairing of dynamo-electric machines of stator or rotor bodies
    • H02K15/03Methods or apparatus specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining or repairing of dynamo-electric machines of stator or rotor bodies having permanent magnets
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K21/00Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
    • H02K21/12Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets
    • H02K21/24Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets with magnets axially facing the armatures, e.g. hub-type cycle dynamos

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method as defined in the preamble of claim 1. Moreover, the invention relates to an apparatus as defined in the preamble of claim 8.
  • Axial-flux permanent-magnet synchronous machines are used e.g. as elevator drive motors.
  • the air gap between the stator and the ro ⁇ tor has a substantial influence on the performance of the machine.
  • the length of the air gap in relation to the other dimensions of the machine is very small.
  • the mechanical air gap is about 1.2 mm.
  • large magnetic forces between rotor and stator act in the air gap.
  • the magnetic force is about 9 kN. Magneti ⁇ cally the air gap is in reality different from the air gap that can be mechanically measured.
  • the adjustment of the air gap is accomplished by using gauges to measure the adjoining parts, and the need for shims used in the adjustment is determined on the basis of the results. Whether the adjustment was successful or not can only be estab- lished in the type testing performed on the machine when fully assembled. This testing includes measure ⁇ ment of the electromotive force of the machine, i.e. the voltage induced by the rotor into the stator wind ⁇ ing when the rotor is rotated. If the air gap is not correct, the measurement produces a wrong electromo ⁇ tive force. To correct the air gap, the machine has to be disassembled.
  • the accuracy of the adjustment de ⁇ pends on the carefulness of the person carrying out the adjustment, which is why in type testing fairly large tolerances regarding the electromotive force are allowed.
  • the assembly of the rotor and stator by cur ⁇ rent techniques is a relatively uncontrolled process due to the magnetic force between the rotor and sta ⁇ tor.
  • the rotor may be thrust against its supporting surface, impairing the safety of the assembly work and the reliability of the machine.
  • One of the commonest reasons for rejection of a machine in type testing at present is an incorrect electromotive force of the mo ⁇ tor, which is due to an incorrect air gap size.
  • the assembly of the machine is implemented by utilizing auxiliary screws, and the air gap is adjusted manually by measuring the air gap.
  • the air gap is adjusted manually by measuring the air gap.
  • a measuring accuracy of about 0.1 mm is achieved, which corresponds in magnetic force to about 300 N.
  • the operation requires a great deal of manual work and involves many uncertainty factors.
  • the measurement of the air gap is actually an indirect measurement, because the thickness of the magnets, glue layers and protective aluminum has to be added to the magnetically interesting measured air gap value.
  • the object of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks.
  • a specific object of the invention is to disclose a new type of method that will enable more accurate ad- justment of the air gap and thereby more accurate ad ⁇ justment of the operating characteristics of the ma ⁇ chine than before.
  • a further object of the invention is to disclose a method that will accelerate the assembly of the ma ⁇ chine, reduce the number of machines rejected in type testing due to an incorrect air gap and that will thus improve the quality of the machines and reduce the time required for quality control.
  • a further object of the invention is to disclose a method that will improve work safety in assembly work.
  • the method of the invention is characterized by what is disclosed in the characterization part of claim 1.
  • the apparatus of the invention is characterized by what is disclosed in the characterization part of claim 8.
  • Other embodiments of the invention are char ⁇ acterized by what is disclosed in the other claims. Inventive embodiments are also presented in the de- scription part and drawings of the present application.
  • inventive content disclosed in the application can also be defined in other ways than is done in the claims below.
  • inventive content may also consist of several separate inventions, especially if the inven- tion is considered in the light of explicit or implicit sub-tasks or in respect of advantages or sets of advan ⁇ tages achieved. In this case, some of the attributes contained in the claims below may be superfluous from the point of view of separate inventive concepts.
  • features of different embodiments of the in ⁇ vention can be applied in conjunction with other em ⁇ bodiments.
  • a known interdependence of the magnetic attraction between stator and rotor and the magnitude of the air gap is determined beforehand. Based on this known interdependence, a target value of magnetic attraction corresponding to the target value of the desired air gap is determined.
  • the ro- tor and stator are moved axially with respect to each other to adjust towards the predetermined target value. During this movement, the magnetic attraction between the stator and rotor is measured. The measured magnetic attraction is compared to the target value of magnetic attraction corresponding to the target value of the desired air gap. After the magnetic attraction has reached the target value corresponding to the tar ⁇ get value of the desired air gap, the mutual position of the rotor and stator is locked.
  • the apparatus com ⁇ prises means for moving the rotor and stator axially with respect to each other, and means for measuring the magnetic attraction between the rotor and stator.
  • the invention has the advantage that, during assembly of the machine, before the machine has been completely assembled, the adjustment of the air gap accomplished indirectly by utilizing the magnetic attraction allows more accurate adjustment of the air gap and conse ⁇ quently of the operating characteristics of the ma ⁇ chine than before.
  • the magnetic force can be easily measured with an accuracy of about 30 N, and thus when the air gap is adjusted in this manner, an adjusting accuracy about ten times higher is obtained than by prior-art methods.
  • a further advantage of the invention is that assembly of the machine is accelerated as it is no longer nec- essary to disassemble the machine for re-adjustment of the air gap after type testing.
  • the quality of the ma ⁇ chines is good, and the time required for quality con- trol is short. Work safety in assembly work is im ⁇ proved because the rotor can not be thrust against the stator in an uncontrolled manner by magnetic attrac ⁇ tion.
  • the air gap is ad ⁇ justed by reducing the air gap from a value larger than the predetermined target value of the air gap to ⁇ wards the predetermined target value, and/or by in- creasing the air gap from a value smaller than the predetermined target value of the air gap towards the predetermined target value.
  • the stator is immovably secured in place and the rotor is moved axially with respect to the stator.
  • the rotor is rotated in relation to the stator at a predetermined low rotational speed. While the rotor is being rotated, the electromotive force induced in the stator winding is measured. This elec- tromotive force is compared to a target electromotive force value corresponding to the target value of the air gap. The air gap is fine-adjusted if the measured electromotive force differs from the target electromo ⁇ tive force value. Via fine adjustment performed by di- rectly measuring the electromotive force while the ro ⁇ tor is being rotated, it is possible to compensate de ⁇ viations between the rotational and central axes of the rotor and stator and their angular positions.
  • assembly of the ma ⁇ chine is only continued after adjustment of the air gap.
  • the stator is secured to a fixed base so that the axial direction of the stator is vertical.
  • the rotor is connected to a hoist- ing device. By means of the hoisting device, the rotor is lowered axially towards the stator in such manner that the central axis of the rotor simultaneously co ⁇ incides with the central axis of the stator.
  • the mag ⁇ netic attraction between the rotor and stator is meas- ured by means of a force measuring device.
  • the hoisting device is arranged below the stator.
  • a pressure scales placed on the hoisting device is used.
  • a supporting element is placed upon the pres ⁇ sure scales, so that the pressure scales remains be ⁇ tween the hoisting device and the rotor.
  • the support ⁇ ing element is pushed through the central hole of the stator so that the upper supporting surface of the supporting element extends above the stator to a dis ⁇ tance from the stator exceeding the target value of the air gap.
  • the rotor is placed on the upper support ⁇ ing surface and left resting on it. Using the hoisting device, the rotor is lowered downwards and the mag- netic attraction is measured by means of the pressure scales.
  • the apparatus com ⁇ prises a fastening element for securing the stator to a fixed base so that the axial direction of the stator is vertical.
  • the apparatus com ⁇ prises a supporting element having an upper supporting surface for supporting the rotor.
  • the means for mov ⁇ ing the rotor and stator axially with respect to each other comprise a hoisting device.
  • the hoisting device comprises a plunger movable in the vertical direction, such as a piston or the like.
  • the means for meas- uring the magnetic attraction between the rotor and stator comprise a pressure scales arranged between the plunger and the supporting element .
  • Fig. 1 presents a longitudinal sectional view of an embodiment of the apparatus of the invention
  • Fig. 2 illustrates the interdependence between the air gap and the magnetic attraction in an axial-flux per ⁇ manent-magnet synchronous machine.
  • Fig. 1 shows an apparatus for the assembly of a axial- flux permanent-magnet synchronous machine and adjust ⁇ ment of the air gap.
  • the axial-flux permanent-magnet synchronous machine has a stator 2 provided with windings 1 and a rotor 4 provided with permanent magnets 3. Between the stator 2 and the rotor 4 is an air gap 5. The stator 2 and the rotor 4 are disposed one after the other in the direction of the rotational axis of the rotor.
  • the air gap 5 is preferably in a plane at right angles to the rotational axis of the rotor 4.
  • Fig. 1 does not show the bearings between the rotor and stator.
  • the apparatus comprises a work table provided with a hole and forming a fixed base 6, to which the stator 2 can be secured with fastening elements 14, preferably snap-on fasteners, so that the central axis of the stator 2 is vertical.
  • the apparatus comprises a hoisting device 7, by means of which the rotor 2 can be moved axially in the ver ⁇ tical direction relative to the stator 3.
  • the hoisting device 7 comprises a vertically movable plunger 15.
  • the hoisting device 7 may be e.g. a hydraulic jack, in which case the plunger 15 is the piston of the jack.
  • the apparatus comprises a pressure scales 8, which is arranged on the plunger 15 to measure the magnetic attraction between the rotor 4 and the stator 2.
  • Placed upon the pressure scales 8 is supporting element 9, which has an upper supporting surface 11 for supporting the rotor 4.
  • the magnetic force can act via the supporting element 9 on the pressure scales 8, by means of which the magnetic attraction can be measured.
  • the apparatus comprises a rotator device 12 for rotating the rotor 4, and measuring means 13 for measuring the electromotive force induced in the winding 1 of the stator 2.
  • Fig. 2 illustrates the relationship of the magnetic force between the stator 2 and the rotor 4 to the mag ⁇ nitude of the air gap as calculated in an example case.
  • the magnetic force is the greater the smaller is the air gap.
  • the interdependence is nearly linear. It is not exactly linear, but it can be linearized, in which case the linearization applies to a limited air gap length.
  • the interdependence can be determined be ⁇ forehand via calculation or it can be measured.
  • the known interdependence of the magnetic attraction between the stator 2 and rotor 4 and the magnitude of the air gap 5 is determined beforehand via calcula- tion. Based on this known interdependence, a target value of the magnetic attraction corresponding to a target value of the desired air gap is determined.
  • the stator 2 is immovably secured in place on the work table by means of fastening elements 14 in the position shown in Fig. 1, where the axial direc ⁇ tion of the stator is vertical.
  • the hoisting device 7 is arranged below the stator 2.
  • the pressure scales 8 is placed on the hoisting device 7.
  • the supporting element 9 is placed on the pressure scales 8.
  • the sup- porting element 9 is pushed through the central open ⁇ ing 10 of the stator 2 so that the upper supporting surface 11 of the supporting element extends to a dis ⁇ tance from and above the stator larger than the target value of the air gap 5.
  • the rotor 4 is placed upon the upper supporting surface 11 of the supporting element 9 and left resting on it.
  • the target value of the air gap can be adjusted by de ⁇ creasing and/or increasing the air gap. If the start- ing value of the air gap in the initial situation is larger than the target value, then the rotor 4 is low ⁇ ered slowly by means of the hoisting device 7, start ⁇ ing from the aforesaid target value of the air gap, which is larger than the desired target value, towards the target value corresponding to the operating char ⁇ acteristics specified for the machine. In a corre ⁇ sponding manner, the air gap can be adjusted by in- creasing the air gap. During the movement, the mag ⁇ netic attraction between the stator 2 and rotor 4 is measured by means of the pressure scales 8.
  • the meas ⁇ ured magnetic attraction is compared to the target value of the magnetic attraction corresponding to the target value of the desired air gap.
  • the magnetic attraction reaches the target value, which corresponds to the target value of the desired air gap, the mutual position of the rotor 2 and stator 4 is locked.
  • the air gap After the air gap adjustment performed by utilizing the magnetic attraction and before the mutual position of the rotor 2 and stator 4 is locked, the air gap can be further fine-adjusted as follows.
  • the rotor 4 is rotated by means of the rotator device 12 in relation to the stator 2 at a predetermined low rotational speed.
  • the electromotive force induced in winding 1 of the stator 2 is measured from the stator terminals.
  • the measured electromotive force is compared to a target value of the electromo ⁇ tive force corresponding to the target value of the air gap. If the measured electromotive force differs from the target value of the electromotive force, then the air gap is adjusted further.
  • the assembly of the machine can be con ⁇ tinued.
  • stator (2) permanent magnets (3) rotor (4) air gap (5) fixed base (6) hoisting device (7) force measuring device (8) supporting element (9) center hole (10) upper supporting surface (11) rotator means (12) measuring means (13) fastening element (14) plunger (15)

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Motors, Generators (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention a trait à un procédé et à un appareil destinés à servir au montage d'une machine synchrone à aimants permanents et à flux axial. Ladite machine comprend un stator (2) doté d'enroulements (1), et un rotor (4) doté d'aimants permanents, un entrefer (5) séparant le stator et le rotor. Une interdépendance connue de l'attraction magnétique entre le stator (2) et le rotor (4) et la grandeur de l'entrefer sont déterminées au préalable. Sur la base de ladite interdépendance, une valeur cible d'attraction magnétique correspondant à la valeur cible de l'entrefer est déterminée. Lors du montage de la machine, l'on déplace axialement le rotor (4) et le stator (2) l'un par rapport à l'autre à l'aide d'un dispositif de levage (7), afin de régler l'entrefer (5) vers ladite valeur cible prédéterminée. Pendant ce déplacement, l'attraction magnétique entre le stator (2) et le rotor (4) est mesurée et comparée à la valeur cible d'attraction magnétique. Une fois que l'attraction magnétique a atteint sa valeur cible, qui correspond à la valeur cible de l'entrefer, la position mutuelle du rotor et du stator est verrouillée.
PCT/FI2005/000323 2004-07-09 2005-07-08 Procédé et appareil destinés au montage d'une machine synchrone à aimants permanents et à flux axial WO2006005796A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI20040964A FI117148B (fi) 2004-07-09 2004-07-09 Menetelmä ja laitteisto aksiaalivuo-kestomagneettitahtikoneen kokoonpanoa varten
FI20040964 2004-07-09

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2006005796A1 true WO2006005796A1 (fr) 2006-01-19
WO2006005796A8 WO2006005796A8 (fr) 2006-04-13

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PCT/FI2005/000323 WO2006005796A1 (fr) 2004-07-09 2005-07-08 Procédé et appareil destinés au montage d'une machine synchrone à aimants permanents et à flux axial

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FI (1) FI117148B (fr)
WO (1) WO2006005796A1 (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2237398A1 (fr) 2009-04-03 2010-10-06 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Procédé et agencement pour régler un entrefer
US8071618B2 (en) 2002-12-20 2011-12-06 Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated Caspase inhibitors and uses thereof
CN102710070A (zh) * 2012-06-14 2012-10-03 湘潭电机股份有限公司 一种定子与转子合装的装配装置
EP2822158A2 (fr) 2013-06-05 2015-01-07 Renault S.A.S. Procédé d'assemblage d'une machine électrique à flux axial
CN111669006A (zh) * 2019-03-08 2020-09-15 雷勃美国公司 轴向磁通电机组件及其组装方法

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB651875A (en) * 1948-04-05 1951-04-11 Bolidens Gruv Ab Improved apparatus for measuring forces, especially the force of gravity
US2861238A (en) * 1951-03-27 1958-11-18 Kober William Dynamo voltage control
SU521635A1 (ru) * 1973-12-27 1976-07-15 Способ измерени осевого магнитного т жени в электрической машине
JPS5829349A (ja) * 1981-08-14 1983-02-21 Toshiba Corp 回転電機のエア−ギヤツプ測定方法
JPH03284143A (ja) * 1990-03-28 1991-12-13 Toshiba Corp 回転電機の据付調整方法
GB2289947A (en) * 1994-06-03 1995-12-06 * Bohlin Instruments Uk Ltd Position and force measuring apparatus
JPH08298755A (ja) * 1995-04-25 1996-11-12 Nikkiso Co Ltd ステータ保持搬送装置

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB651875A (en) * 1948-04-05 1951-04-11 Bolidens Gruv Ab Improved apparatus for measuring forces, especially the force of gravity
US2861238A (en) * 1951-03-27 1958-11-18 Kober William Dynamo voltage control
SU521635A1 (ru) * 1973-12-27 1976-07-15 Способ измерени осевого магнитного т жени в электрической машине
JPS5829349A (ja) * 1981-08-14 1983-02-21 Toshiba Corp 回転電機のエア−ギヤツプ測定方法
JPH03284143A (ja) * 1990-03-28 1991-12-13 Toshiba Corp 回転電機の据付調整方法
GB2289947A (en) * 1994-06-03 1995-12-06 * Bohlin Instruments Uk Ltd Position and force measuring apparatus
JPH08298755A (ja) * 1995-04-25 1996-11-12 Nikkiso Co Ltd ステータ保持搬送装置

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8071618B2 (en) 2002-12-20 2011-12-06 Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated Caspase inhibitors and uses thereof
EP2237398A1 (fr) 2009-04-03 2010-10-06 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Procédé et agencement pour régler un entrefer
US8294404B2 (en) 2009-04-03 2012-10-23 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Method and arrangement to adjust an air-gap
CN102710070A (zh) * 2012-06-14 2012-10-03 湘潭电机股份有限公司 一种定子与转子合装的装配装置
EP2822158A2 (fr) 2013-06-05 2015-01-07 Renault S.A.S. Procédé d'assemblage d'une machine électrique à flux axial
CN111669006A (zh) * 2019-03-08 2020-09-15 雷勃美国公司 轴向磁通电机组件及其组装方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FI20040964A (fi) 2006-01-10
FI20040964A0 (fi) 2004-07-09
FI117148B (fi) 2006-06-30
WO2006005796A8 (fr) 2006-04-13

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