WO2005118074A2 - Methode de traitement de polluants organiques persistants - Google Patents

Methode de traitement de polluants organiques persistants Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2005118074A2
WO2005118074A2 PCT/JP2005/010443 JP2005010443W WO2005118074A2 WO 2005118074 A2 WO2005118074 A2 WO 2005118074A2 JP 2005010443 W JP2005010443 W JP 2005010443W WO 2005118074 A2 WO2005118074 A2 WO 2005118074A2
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Prior art keywords
organic pollutants
alkali
boiling
polar solvent
mixing reactor
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PCT/JP2005/010443
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English (en)
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WO2005118074A3 (fr
Inventor
Hisayuki Toda
Hirotaro Kaneko
Shin Taniguchi
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Ebara Corporation
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Priority to JP2006549730A priority Critical patent/JP2008501368A/ja
Publication of WO2005118074A2 publication Critical patent/WO2005118074A2/fr
Publication of WO2005118074A3 publication Critical patent/WO2005118074A3/fr

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
    • A62D3/00—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances
    • A62D3/30—Processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances by reacting with chemical agents
    • A62D3/34—Dehalogenation using reactive chemical agents able to degrade
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
    • A62D2101/00—Harmful chemical substances made harmless, or less harmful, by effecting chemical change
    • A62D2101/04—Pesticides, e.g. insecticides, herbicides, fungicides or nematocides
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
    • A62D2101/00—Harmful chemical substances made harmless, or less harmful, by effecting chemical change
    • A62D2101/20—Organic substances
    • A62D2101/22—Organic substances containing halogen

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method of treating hazardous persistent organic pollutants.
  • the present invention is useful for treating agrichemicals , in particular treating a persistent waste agrichemicals , and can be preferably applied to the decomposition of organochlorines or drin waste agrichemicals, although can also be applied to the decomposition of organophosphorus or carbamate agrichemicals .
  • a method has been proposed in which a hydrocarbon, IPA and metallic sodium are added to the agrichemicals to be treated and a dechlorination reaction is carried out (Collection of Papers presented at the 14 th Annual Conference of the Japan Society of Waste Management Experts, 2003, pages 1295 to 1297).
  • This method there are problems in that the operation of separating the agrichemicals from the matrix requires much time, and moreover harmful substances such as benzene are produced as a reaction product.
  • a method has been proposed in which the material to be treated is finely dispersed or powdered so as to change the nature thereof and thus increase the chemical reactivity.
  • FIG. 1 is a drawing showing an example of the constitution of an organic pollutants-decomposing apparatus according to an aspect of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a drawing showing an example of the constitution of another organic pollutants-decomposing apparatus according to an aspect of the present invention.
  • the present inventors have invented a method of treating persistent organic pollutants by mixing together the organic pollutants, a solid medium, an alkali, and a high-boiling- point polar solvent, and then heating the mixture, and have filed a patent application therefor (Japanese patent application No. 2004-166248).
  • a solid heating medium e.g. sand particles
  • one aspect of the present invention relates to a method of treating persistent organic pollutants comprising mixing together the organic pollutants, a solid medium, an alkali, and a high-boiling-point polar solvent.
  • organic pollutants that can be treated according to the present invention are persistent waste agrichemicals, in particular organochlorine and drin waste agrichemicals .
  • organochlorine agrichemicals that can be treated according to the present invention include BHC, hexachlorobenzene, DDT, chlordane, heptachlor and toxaphene
  • examples of drin agrichemicals that can be treated according to the present invention include aldrin, dieldrin and endrin.
  • organophosphorus agrichemicals such as pyraclofos and propaphos, and carbamate agrichemicals such as carbaryl and ashram, and so on can also be treated.
  • any of various pesticides, herbicides, insecticides, microbicides , fungicides and so on can be treated, and moreover persistent organic pollutants such as organohalogen compounds such as chlorinated dioxins and PCB can be treated according to the present invention.
  • polluted soil, polluted bottom sediment, sludge, deposit, waste, incinerated ash or the like polluted with any of various organic compounds as above can also be purified as the organic pollutants to be treated.
  • the organic pollutants to be treated is added and mixed into a solid medium.
  • the solid medium acts as a heating medium when thermally decomposing the organic pollutants.
  • the solid medium to be used with this objective one having the form of a powder or granules is preferable, and moreover ability to hold the organic pollutants to some extent, heat resistance so as to be able to withstand heating process, abrasion resistance, durability to alkalis, and a sufficient relative density so as not to be easily scattered around are required.
  • granular/powdery solid media that can be used in the present invention include natural minerals such as sand, gravel and stones, artificial minerals such as ceramics and beads, and metallic powders/granules such as iron powder, Mn powder and Zn powder (granules).
  • the particle diameter is preferably at least 0.1 mm.
  • At least one selected from alkali metal carbonates , bicarbonates or hydroxides or at least one selected from alkaline earth metal oxides or hydroxides (hereinafter referred to as an 'alkali') and a high-boiling-point polar solvent are further added and mixed into the solid medium, and treatment of the organic pollutants is carried out.
  • alkalis examples include alkali metals or alkaline earth metals such as metallic sodium or metallic potassium, hydroxides of alkali metals or alkaline earth metals such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide or magnesium hydroxide, carbonates or bicarbonates of alkali metals such as sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, potassium carbonate or potassium bicarbonate, or oxides of alkaline earth metals such as calcium oxide or magnesium oxide.
  • alkalis can be supplied as a solid or a liquid
  • High-boiling-point polar solvent refers to a polar solvent having a boiling point of at least 150°C, preferably at least 190°C; specifically, a glycol such as ethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol or polypropylene glycol, or a glycol alkyl ether such as ethylene glycol diethyl ether, diethylene glycol diethyl ether, tetraethylene glycol dimethyl ether or dipropylene glycol monopropyl ether, or the like can be used.
  • a glycol such as ethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol or polypropylene glycol
  • a glycol alkyl ether such as ethylene glycol diethyl ether, diethylene glycol diethyl ether, tetraethylene glycol dimethyl ether or dipropylene glycol monopropyl ether, or the like
  • the alkali is efficiently dissociated, and hence the reactivity thereof with the material to be treated at room temperature or therearound is greatly improved.
  • the organic pollutants, and the solid medium, the alkali and the high- boiling-point polar solvent as described above are mixed together.
  • the mixing proportion of the organic pollutants will vary according to the ease/difficulty of decomposing the pollutants to be treated, the amount of heat generated through the reaction between the pollutants to be treated and the alkali, the thermal capacity of the material to be treated, the thermal capacity of the solid medium, and so on, but is generally preferably made to be 3 to 50 wt%, more preferably 3 to 35 wt%, yet more preferably 3.3 to 30 wt%, relative to the amount of the solid medium.
  • this value means the percentage by weight of the component to be treated targeted for decomposition (the organic compound to be decomposed).
  • the amount of the solid medium originally present is sufficiently great, it may not be necessary to newly add solid medium.
  • the above amount of the organic pollutants relative to the solid medium means the amount of the organic pollutants present in the reaction system.
  • the organic pollutants upon adding the organic pollutants to the solid medium to which the alkali and the high-boiling-point polar solvent have been added and mixing, the organic pollutants are decomposed through reaction with the alkali; in the case that organic pollutants are then further added, the amount of the organic pollutants in the above means the amount excluding that already decomposed.
  • the alkali has a function of capturing the reactant in the organic pollutants and preventing production of new harmful substances; for this objective, for example in the case that the reactant that is the material to be treated is an organohalogen compound, it is sufficient if the mixing proportion of the alkali is at least 1 mol per 1 mol of halogen in the material to be treated, but this mixing proportion is preferably made to be 1.5 to 3.0 mol.
  • the high-boiling-point polar solvent has a function of supplying sites for reaction by dissolving the organic pollutants and the alkali; for this objective, the mixing proportion of the high-boiling-point polar solvent is preferably made to be 1 to 30 wt%, more preferably 1 to 20 wt%, relative to the amount of the solid medium. Note that to form a uniform mixture, it may be preferable to add the alkali and the high-boiling-point polar solvent after dissolving them in water.
  • the order of mixing in the solid medium, the alkali, the high-boiling-point polar solvent and the organic pollutants there are no particular limitations on the order of mixing in the solid medium, the alkali, the high-boiling-point polar solvent and the organic pollutants,
  • the temperature of the reaction system rises through the heat of reaction generated through the reaction between the organic pollutants and the alkali itself.
  • the reaction between the organic pollutants and the alkali is promoted, and hence close to 100% of the organic pollutants can be decomposed substantially without applying heat from the outside.
  • the high-boiling-point polar solvent such as a glycol or a glycol alkyl ether
  • the order of mixing in the solid medium, the alkali, the high-boiling- point polar solvent and the organic pollutants there are no particular limitations on the order of mixing in the solid medium, the alkali, the high-boiling- point polar solvent and the organic pollutants.
  • the high-boiling-point polar solvent is first uniformly dispersed in the solid medium, and then the alkali is added and kneading is carried out thoroughly until uniform to form a mixed medium; the organic pollutants to be treated is then added to the mixed medium a little at a time while controlling the amount added such that the temperature doe not rise too much, and kneading is carried out .
  • the order of mixing in the solid medium, the alkali and the high-boiling-point polar solvent is not limited to the above method, but rather the mixing order can be changed.
  • the reason for this is that the amount of the organic pollutants reacting is directly linked to the rise in temperature, and hence if the alkali is added last to a system into which the organic pollutants had already been mixed, then it may be difficult to control the reaction, for example the reaction may proceed explosively, and hence a large amount of gas may be produced all at once, or there may be a risk of ignition or the like.
  • the alkali and the glycol or glycol alkyl ether (high-boiling-point polar solvent) are added directly to the agrichemicals, then the composition or form will often be changed through an exothermic reaction.
  • the organic pollutants and the alkali may become attached to the solid medium via diethylene glycol.
  • the alkali and the glycol or glycol alkyl ether (high-boiling-point polar solvent) may be added to a dispersion of the organic pollutants to be treated in the solid medium.
  • agrichemicals preparation bentonite or the like is added to the technical product so as to dilute and disperse the technical product, thus improving the ease of handling and the sustainability of the effects .
  • concentration of the technical product in the agrichemical preparation is at least 10%
  • a solid medium such as sand may be added to the preparation so as to dilute the technical product such that the concentration of the technical product becomes less than 10%, whereby the rise in temperature upon adding the alkali and the glycol or glycol alkyl ether (high-boiling-point polar solvent) can be kept down.
  • the alkali slowly while monitoring the temperature to a mixture obtained by kneading together the organic pollutants, the solid medium and the high-boiling-point polar solvent, and in some cases also water, and carry out mixing while controlling the amount added of the alkali such that the temperature of the reaction system is maintained within a range of 30 to 80°C.
  • the organic pollutants to be treated are agrichemical preparations
  • the agrichemical component is often diluted with bentonite or the like, and in this case it may be sufficient to add a solid medium to the system in only a very small amount, or it may not be necessary to add a solid medium at all.
  • the temperature of the reaction system rises through the heat of reaction generated through the reaction between the alkali and the organic pollutants itself.
  • the reaction can thus be made to proceed efficiently through the natural rise in temperature due to heat generation by kneading the above components together at room temperature.
  • the temperature of the reaction system exceeds, for example, 100°C, then problems will occur such as moisture evaporating and a large amount of gas being generated.
  • the organic pollutants a little at a time to a mixed medium obtained by mixing the solid medium, the alkali and the high-boiling-point polar solvent together while controlling the amount of the organic pollutants added such that the temperature of the reaction system does not rise too much, and carry out kneading.
  • the reaction apparatus may be provided with a cooler so that the reaction mixture can be cooled as required.
  • heating from the outside may be carried out so as to maintain the temperature of the reaction system in a suitable range.
  • heating from the outside may be carried out so as to maintain the temperature of the reaction system in a suitable range.
  • an inert atmosphere through means such as supplying in nitrogen.
  • the mixing time will vary according to the nature and amount of the organic pollutants to be treated, the temperature of the reaction system and so on, but is generally preferably made to be 5 to 120 minutes, preferably 15 to 100 minutes, more preferably 30 to 60 minutes .
  • the temperature of the reaction system rises through the heat of reaction generated through the reaction between the organic pollutants to be treated and the alkali itself, whereby the decomposition reaction of the organic pollutants is promoted, and hence at least 97% of the organic pollutants can be decomposed substantially without applying heat from the outside.
  • the capacity of the heating reactor must be such that 100,000 parts by weight of the mixture can be treated, whereas with the method of the present invention, a heating reactor with a capacity such that 5,000 parts by weight of the mixture can be treated is sufficient. Consequently, according to the method of the present invention, the size of the heating reactor may be one twentieth, and hence the cost of the apparatus and operational costs can both be greatly reduced.
  • the present invention also relates to an apparatus for adding organic pollutants as described above a little at a time to a mixed medium obtained by mixing together a solid medium, an alkali and a high-boiling-point polar solvent as described above while controlling the amount of the organic pollutants added such that the temperature of the reaction system does not rise too much, and kneading to decompose the organic pollutants .
  • an organic pollutants treatment apparatus comprising a mixing reactor having a stirrer; storage tanks storing respectively a solid medium, a high-boiling-point polar solvent, an alkali, and organic pollutants to be treated; quantitative feeders that supply measured amounts of the solid medium, the high-boiling-point polar solvent and the alkali from the respective storage tanks into the mixing reactor; a quantitative feeder that supplies a measured amount of the organic pollutants to be treated from the storage tank into the mixing reactor; a temperature measuring instrument that measures the temperature of the mixture in the mixing reactor; and an organic pollutants supply amount controlling device for controlling the supply amount of the quantitative feeder that supplies a measured amount of the organic pollutants from the storage tank into the mixing reactor, in accordance with the temperature measured by the temperature measuring instrument.
  • yet another aspect of the present invention relates to an organic pollutants treatment apparatus
  • a mixing reactor having a stirrer
  • storage tanks storing respectively a solid medium, a high-boiling-point polar solvent, an alkali, and organic pollutants to be treated
  • a mixer in which the solid medium, the high-boiling-point polar solvent and the alkali are mixed together in advance; quantitative feeders that supply measured amounts of the solid medium, the high-boiling-point polar solvent and the alkali from the respective storage tanks into the mixer; a device for supplying the mixture of the solid medium, the high-boiling-point polar solvent and the alkali produced in the mixer into the mixing reactor; a quantitative feeder that supplies a measured amount of the organic pollutants to be treated from the storage tank into the mixing reactor; a temperature measuring instrument that measures the temperature of the mixture in the mixing reactor; and an organic pollutants supply amount controlling device for controlling the supply amount of the quantitative feeder that supplies a measured amount of the organic pollutants from the storage tank into the mixing reactor,
  • FIG. 1 shows to the organic pollutants treatment apparatus according to one aspect of the present invention.
  • a storage tank for sand as the solid medium, a storage tank for DEG (diethylene glycol) as the high-boiling-point polar solvent, and a storage tank for the alkali are each connected to a mixing reactor via a quantitative feeder, and the sand, the DEG and the alkali are supplied from the respective storage tanks into the mixing reactor, and are mixed together by the stirrer in advance to form a mixed medium.
  • the material to be treated in a storage tank is then similarly supplied via a quantitative feeder into the mixed medium in the mixing reactor.
  • the temperature of the mixture is measured by a temperature measuring instrument installed in the reactor, and the amount supplied of the material to be treated is controlled by a controller such that this temperature does not exceed a prescribed desirable range, for example 80°C.
  • the mixing reactor may also be provided with a cooler.
  • the treated material can be discharged out from the mixing reactor as appropriate.
  • the treatment can be carried out continuously. Exhaust gas is discharged from the reactor, and untreated organic pollutants, albeit only a small amount, persists in this exhaust gas.
  • the exhaust gas may thus be passed into a catalyst tank and an activated charcoal tank (not shown in the drawing) so that persistent organic pollutants in the exhaust gas can be further removed before the exhaust gas is discharged into the atmosphere.
  • the persistent organic pollutants in the material to be treated can be decomposed and thus removed efficiently in the mixing reactor, and hence the burden on the catalyst tank and the activated charcoal tank can be reduced.
  • organic pollutants-decomposing catalysts that can be used in such a persistent organic s treatment system include precious metal catalysts, platinum oxide and vanadium oxide.
  • a method of treating persistent organic pollutants comprising mixing together the organic pollutants, a solid medium, an alkali, and a high-boiling-point polar solvent. 3.
  • a method of treating persistent organic pollutants contained in a solid medium comprising mixing together the organic pollutants in the solid medium, an alkali, and a high-boiling-point polar solvent . 4. The method according to any of items 1 through 3 above, wherein the mixture is held under an inert atmosphere. 5. The method according to any of items 1 through 4 above, wherein the organic pollutants are solid or liquid agrichemicals . 6. The method according to any of items 2 through 5 above, wherein 3 to 50 wt% of the organic pollutants in terms of the weight of a pollutant component to be treated is mixed in relative to the solid medium.
  • the solid medium is a natural mineral, an artificial mineral or a metallic powder.
  • the alkali is at least one selected from alkali metal or alkaline earth metal hydroxides, alkali metal carbonates or bicarbonates, or alkaline earth metal oxides .
  • the high-boiling-point polar solvent is a glycol or a glycol alkyl ether. 10.
  • the high-boiling-point polar solvent is ethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, ethylene glycol diethyl ether, diethylene glycol diethyl ether, tetraethylene glycol dimethyl ether, or dipropylene glycol monopropyl ether.
  • the alkali and the high-boiling-point polar solvent are added and mixed into the solid medium to form a mixed medium, and then the organic pollutants are added and mixed into the mixed medium while controlling the amount added such that the temperature of the reaction system is maintained at not more than a prescribed value.
  • An organic pollutants treatment apparatus comprising a mixing reactor having a stirrer; storage tanks storing respectively a solid medium, a high-boiling-point polar solvent, an alkali, and organic pollutants to be treated; quantitative feeders that supply measured amounts of the solid medium, the high-boiling-point polar solvent and the alkali from the respective storage tanks into the mixing reactor; a quantitative feeder that supplies a measured amount of the organic pollutants to be treated from the storage tank into the mixing reactor; a temperature measuring instrument that measures the temperature of the mixture in the mixing reactor; and an organic pollutants supply amount controlling device for controlling the supply amount of the quantitative feeder that supplies a measured amount of the organic pollutants from the storage tank into the mixing reactor, in accordance with the temperature measured by the temperature measuring instrument.
  • An organic pollutants treatment apparatus comprising a mixing reactor having a stirrer; storage tanks storing respectively a solid medium, a high-boiling-point polar solvent, an alkali, and organic pollutants to be treated; a mixer in which the solid medium, the high- boiling-point polar solvent and the alkali are mixed together in advance; quantitative feeders that supply measured amounts of the solid medium, the high-boiling- point polar solvent and the alkali from the respective storage tanks into the mixer; a device for supplying the mixture of the solid medium, the high-boiling-point polar solvent and the alkali produced in the mixer into the mixing reactor; a quantitative feeder that supplies a measured amount of the organic pollutants to be treated from the storage tank into the mixing reactor; a temperature measuring instrument that measures the temperature of the mixture in the mixing reactor; and an organic pollutants supply amount controlling device for controlling the supply amount of the quantitative feeder that supplies a measured amount of the organic pollutants from the storage tank into the mixing reactor, in accordance with the temperature measured by the temperature measuring instrument.
  • An organic pollutants treatment apparatus comprising a mixing reactor having a stirrer; storage tanks storing respectively a high-boiling-point polar solvent, an alkali, and organic pollutants to be treated; quantitative feeders that supply measured amounts of the high-boiling- point polar solvent and the alkali from the respective storage tanks into the mixing reactor; a quantitative feeder that supplies a measured amount of the organic pollutants to be treated from the storage tank into the mixing reactor; a temperature measuring instrument that measures the temperature of the mixture in the mixing reactor; and an organic pollutants supply amount controlling device for controlling the supply amount of the quantitative feeder that supplies a measured amount of the organic pollutants from the storage tank into the mixing reactor, in accordance with the temperature measured by the temperature measuring instrument . 16.
  • An organic pollutants treatment apparatus comprising a mixing reactor having a stirrer; storage tanks storing respectively a high-boiling-point polar solvent, an alkali, and organic pollutants to be treated; a mixer in which the high-boiling-point polar solvent and the alkali are mixed together in advance; quantitative feeders that supply measured amounts of the high-boiling-point polar solvent and the alkali from the respective storage tanks into the mixer; a device for supplying the mixture of the high-boiling-point polar solvent and the alkali produced in the mixer into the mixing reactor; a quantitative feeder that supplies a measured amount of the organic pollutants to be treated from the storage tank into the mixing reactor; a temperature measuring instrument that measures the temperature of the mixture in the mixing reactor; and an organic pollutants supply amount controlling device for controlling the supply amount of the quantitative feeder that supplies a measured amount of the organic pollutants from the storage tank into the mixing reactor, in accordance with the temperature measured by the temperature measuring instrument. 17.
  • the mixing reactor having a stirrer
  • storage tanks
  • Example 1 0.5 kg of PCNB (pentachloronitrobenzene) and 1.2 kg of NaOH were put into a mixer (made by Mazelar, product name PM-33S) and mixing was carried out, and then while adding 1 kg of DEG (diethylene glycol) a little at a time, the temperature of the mixture was maintained at 50 to 65°C through the heat of reaction, and the mixture was thoroughly kneaded for approximately 2 hours . After leaving to cool, the mixture and the mixer were washed with a solvent (ethyl acetate), and the PCNB in the washings was analyzed, whereupon the percentage decomposed (removal rate) was 90%.
  • a solvent ethyl acetate
  • Example 2 1.2 kg of PCNB (pentachloronitrobenzene) powder and 0.3 kg of NaOH were put into a mixer as in Example 1 and mixing was carried out , and then 0.5 kg of DEG (diethylene glycol) was added. While thoroughly kneading the mixture, 23 kg of air-dried sand having an effective diameter of 0.45 mm and a uniformity coefficient of 1.3 was gradually added and mixed in. The temperature of the mixture rose through the heat of reaction.
  • PCNB penentachloronitrobenzene
  • DEG diethylene glycol
  • Example 3 5 kg of PCNB (pentachloronitrobenzene) powder was put into a mixer as in Example 1, and then a mixture that had been obtained by thoroughly mixing 2 kg of KOH and 1.2 kg of polyethylene glycol together was added and kneading was carried out. Next, 15 kg of sand as in Example 2 was added gradually and mixed in.
  • PCNB penentachloronitrobenzene
  • Example 4 1.5 kg of BHC (benzene hexa ⁇ hloride) powder, and 24 kg of sand as in Example 2 were put into a mixer as in Example 1 , and 1.8 kg of polyethylene glycol was added and thorough kneading was carried out .
  • Example 5 90 kg of sand as in Example 2 was put into a mixer as in Example 1, 4 kg of diethylene glycol was added, and then 8 kg of sodium hydroxide was added, and the mixture was kneaded thoroughly until uniform.
  • Example 6 0.5 kg of PCNB (pentachloronitrobenzene) and 1.2 kg of NaOH were put into a mixer as in Example 1 and mixing was carried out, and then while adding 1 kg of dipropylene glycol monopropyl ether a little at a time, the temperature of the mixture was maintained at 50 to 65°C through the heat of reaction, and the mixture was thoroughly kneaded for approximately 2 hours. After leaving to cool, the mixture and the mixer were washed with a solvent (ethyl acetate), and the PCNB in the washings was analyzed, whereupon the percentage decomposed (PCNB removal rate) was
  • Example 7 1.2 kg of PCNB (pentachloronitrobenzene) powder and 0.3 kg of NaOH were put into a mixer as in Example 1 and mixing was carried out, and then 0.5 kg of dipropylene glycol monopropyl ether was added. While thoroughly kneading the mixture, 23 kg of air-dried sand having an effective diameter of 0.45 mm and a uniformity coefficient of 1.3 was gradually added and mixed in. The temperature of the mixture rose through the heat of reaction.
  • PCNB penentachloronitrobenzene
  • Example 8 1.5 kg of BHC (benzene hexachloride) powder, and 24 kg of sand as in Example 2 were put into a mixer as in Example 1 , and 1.8 kg of ethylene glycol diethyl ether was added and thorough kneading was carried out . Next , 1.6 kg of potassium hydroxide was gradually added. The temperature of the mixture rose through the heat of reaction. The mixture was maintained at a temperature of
  • Example 9 90 kg of sand as in Example 2 was put into a mixer as in Example 1, 4 kg of diethylene glycol diethyl ether was added, and then 8 kg of sodium hydroxide was added, and the mixture was kneaded thoroughly until uniform. 10 kg of BHC powder was then added and mixed in slowly such that the temperature of the mixture, which rose through the heat of reaction, did not exceed 90°C, and then the temperature of the mixture was maintained at not less than 75°C for 0.5 hours.
  • a solvent ethyl acetate
  • Example 10 90 kg of sand as in Example 2, and 8 kg of sodium hydroxide were put into a mixer as in Example 1, and the mixture was kneaded thoroughly until uniform. Next, 4 kg of tetraethylene glycol dimethyl ether was added, and 10 kg of BHC powder was added and mixed in slowly such that the temperature of the mixture, which rose through the heat of reaction, did not exceed 90°C, and then the temperature of the mixture was maintained at 75 to 85°C for 0.5 hours.
  • a solvent ethyl acetate
  • the majority of harmful substances can be decomposed into harmless substances through simple mixing without external heating; if necessary, heating may be further carried out to completely decompose remaining traces of harmful substances, and hence reliable treatment is possible.
  • the heating apparatus can be made smaller, and the cost of the apparatus and operational costs can both be reduced.

Abstract

L'invention concerne une méthode de traitement de polluants organiques persistants, notamment des déchets agrochimiques, par un chauffage indirect, permettant d'accroître l'efficacité des compositions des polluants et de réduire considérablement le traitement du gaz de combustion. Grâce à l'invention, ce traitement peut s'effectuer de manière fiable et en sécurité, à peu de frais. Un aspect de l'invention concerne une méthode de traitement de polluants organiques persistants. Cette méthode consiste à mélanger ensemble des polluants organiques, un milieu solide, un milieu alcalin, et un solvant polaire à point d'ébullition élevé. En outre, un autre aspect de l'invention concerne une méthode de traitement de polluants organiques persistants contenus dans un milieu solide. Cette méthode consiste à mélanger ensemble les polluants organiques dans le milieu solide, un milieu alcalin, et un solvant polaire à point d'ébullition élevé.
PCT/JP2005/010443 2004-06-03 2005-06-01 Methode de traitement de polluants organiques persistants WO2005118074A2 (fr)

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JP2006549730A JP2008501368A (ja) 2004-06-03 2005-06-01 残留性有機汚染物質の処理方法

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JP2004-166287 2004-06-03
JP2004166287 2004-06-03

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