Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
  • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
  • D07B1/00—Constructional features of ropes or cables
  • D07B1/22—Flat or flat-sided ropes; Sets of ropes consisting of a series of parallel ropes
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
  • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
  • B66B5/00—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators
  • B66B5/02—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators responsive to abnormal operating conditions
  • B66B5/04—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators responsive to abnormal operating conditions for detecting excessive speed
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
  • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
  • B66B5/00—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators
  • B66B5/02—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators responsive to abnormal operating conditions
  • B66B5/16—Braking or catch devices operating between cars, cages, or skips and fixed guide elements or surfaces in hoistway or well
  • B66B5/18—Braking or catch devices operating between cars, cages, or skips and fixed guide elements or surfaces in hoistway or well and applying frictional retarding forces
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
  • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
  • B66B7/00—Other common features of elevators
  • B66B7/06—Arrangements of ropes or cables
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
  • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
  • D07B1/00—Constructional features of ropes or cables
  • D07B1/16—Ropes or cables with an enveloping sheathing or inlays of rubber or plastics
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
  • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
  • D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
  • D07B2201/10—Rope or cable structures
  • D07B2201/1004—General structure or appearance
  • D07B2201/1008—Several parallel ropes
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
  • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
  • D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
  • D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
  • D07B2201/2047—Cores
  • D07B2201/2052—Cores characterised by their structure
  • D07B2201/2055—Cores characterised by their structure comprising filaments or fibers
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
  • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
  • D07B2201/00—Ropes or cables
  • D07B2201/20—Rope or cable components
  • D07B2201/2047—Cores
  • D07B2201/2052—Cores characterised by their structure
  • D07B2201/2059—Cores characterised by their structure comprising wires
  • D07B2201/2061—Cores characterised by their structure comprising wires resulting in a twisted structure
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
  • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
  • D07B2205/00—Rope or cable materials
  • D07B2205/20—Organic high polymers
  • D07B2205/2046—Polyamides, e.g. nylons
  • D07B2205/205—Aramides
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
  • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
  • D07B2501/00—Application field
  • D07B2501/20—Application field related to ropes or cables
  • D07B2501/2007—Elevators

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a cable, a belt and its associated pulleys, which are applicable to a speed limiting system for lifting installations whose function is to transmit the effort from the speed limiting system to the mechanical means in charge of stop the elevator with its travelers before any uncontrolled movement.
• the cable or tape has a high tensile strength to reduce the diameter of said cable without compromising the reliability of operation of the limiter and therefore of the installation, being able to use voltage transmitting elements (cables or tapes) lighter, cheaper and manageable, and in general limiting systems also of reduced size, weight and cost.
• the cable or belt have a great resistance to fatigue under bending cycles such as those that occur when passing through the pulley (s) included in the limiting system to reduce the diameter of said pulleys and thus reduce the space occupied by the limiter, gaining space occupied by the installation in the hollow and by extension in the building, reduce the weight of all components, as well as ensure that the reliability of the systems is higher by turning the pulley to greater speed.
• the cable or tape has a friction coefficient with the limiter pulley clearly superior to that of conventional systems to use pulleys with less aggressive throats while maintaining the necessary traction capacity in the pulley, thereby it achieves that the cable or tape is less punished by said pulley, increasing its useful life, being able to become a maintenance free system.
• the speed-limiting elements usually consist of a pulley attached to a fixed axis through which a cable passes, whose points are attached to the element whose safety is to be protected and which also has a second pulley attached to a second fixed point in the other end of the hole, which is used to tension the connection cable.
• the safety device trips when w exceeds a preset value.
• speed limiters are preferably mounted in two types of configurations:
• a speed limiter system In a first type of configuration, which has been the most traditionally used, a speed limiter system is located at a fixed point in the installation.
• the limiting system has a main pulley on which the cable in charge of transmitting the actuation effort circulates, and it can also have deflection pulleys. They also have tension pulleys that guarantee a tension in the system cable. After passing through the whole set of pulleys, the cable is finally fixed to the traveling element whose over speed is to be protected.
• This voltage will be at least that necessary so that at the time the system is activated, the cable (usually by friction in the throat of the limiting system) is capable of transmitting the necessary effort to the component responsible for stopping the traveling group (usually parachutes whose activation stops and keeps the traveling group to the elevator guides).
• the cable therefore makes a closed loop that is born and dies in the traveling group, so that the linear movement of the traveling group produces the rotation of the pulleys of the limiting system and the deflection pulleys.
• the limiter is attached in solidarity with the element to be controlled (traveling group) and the cable is arranged in a single length, with a weight on the lower tip which is the one that provides tension to it. In this case also the translation of the element mobile spins the speed limiter system.
• This same limiting system is capable of activating the parachute element on its own, that is, by means of a turn and a translation that would occur in the limiting element in the event of overspeed, translation and / or rotation movements would occur in the limiting system that would directly activate the parachute element.
• This configuration allows to obtain an angle of hugging of the cable on the pulley of values between 180 and 300 ° increasing the traction capacity (T1 / T2) of the system.
• T1 / T2 traction capacity
• throats means an inevitable degradation of the throats of the pulleys of the limiting systems and of the cable, forcing periodically to replace these components, which is expensive and if it is not done with care it can produce dangerous situations in the installation.
• Speed limiting systems are subject to Certification and CE marking, which complicates administrative work in case of replacement before the competent notified bodies.
• the present invention relates to a cable or ribbon of high-strength steel wires coated with a polymeric material, for example polyurethane, for speed limiters that detect overspeed in lifting installations and transmit the effort necessary to activate the means. emergency braking associated with said lifting facilities.
• a polymeric material for example polyurethane
• speed limiters that detect overspeed in lifting installations and transmit the effort necessary to activate the means. emergency braking associated with said lifting facilities.
• the use of high resistance cables in speed limiters allows the cable diameter to be reduced while maintaining a high level of safety.
• the threads can be grouped in turn into cords, which are grouped around a central cord consisting of threads or a high-strength textile or synthetic material such as Kevlar.
• the cable configurations can be multiple presenting some greater flexibility than others, and some better use of the cross section than others, but in any case the present invention can be carried out with any of them.
• the present invention contemplates that they have at least two metal cables comprising high-strength steel wires greater than 2000 N / mm 2 grouped in cords that form a metal core with a diameter between 0.01 and 2 mm and that are completely covered by a material polymeric It is envisioned that the outer surface of polymeric material of the tape can be a flat surface or a corrugated surface.
• the safety system pulley can have a reduced diameter.
• the present invention has a correct operation with acceptable safety levels or higher than said traditional systems with primitive pulley diameters smaller than or equal to 150 mm in the case of a circular section cable, and primitive diameters smaller than 100 mm in the case of tapes of any kind. kind.
• the coefficient of friction between the materials of cable (or tape) and pulley is much higher than the traditional systems being able to use flat surfaces for the belts and pulleys with semicircular throats for round cable obtaining internal pressures in the cable clearly lower than those of a traditional system.
• the lubricant remains inside and does not disperse by the installation with the passage of time and the course of the cycles of the cable on the pulley contributing to better lubricate the inner wires and cords increasing the fatigue resistance of the cable + limiter system.
• the polymeric cover prevents the metallic outer cords from rubbing against the throat of the pulley avoiding any abrasion and wear of the outer threads thanks to the intermediate layer of elastic material increasing the life of the cable and the pulley to levels that in practice involve a system free of mantenimient.
• round cable entails the use of a flat, convex or concave surface pulley.
• the said round cable can be used with different throat geometries, but the fact of being a cable covered with a polymeric material gives it a high coefficient of friction with the throat of the pulley of the speed limiting element to which it is associated, which It means that especially low aggressive throats can be used with the cable, such as semicircular or semicircular rounded.
• This type of throats causes the life of the cable to be prolonged, since the pressure between cable and pulley is distributed more evenly than with other geometries, and there are no areas of pressure concentrations that can damage the cable afterwards.
• the pulleys can be flat, concave or convex.
• the pulley can be formed of metallic material and has a synthetic material coating on its throat and that the metallic cable lacks any coating.
• Figure 1. Shows a section of a type of cable.
• Figure 2. Represents another possible section of cable, in which the central cord has been replaced by a central cord of textile material or high strength material, such as Kevlar or another.
• Figure 3 Represents the cable shown in Figure 1 as it passes through two pulleys with different types of throats, in this case semicircular or semicircular grooves with notch.
• Figures 4a to 4c- Shows different possible cable configurations.
• Figures 4d to 4e.- They show different possible tape settings.
• Figure 5. Represents possible configurations of the speed limiter system in which the cable loop is born and dies in the parachute element located in the chassis of the traveling group, although other configurations are possible without the main characteristics of the system being affected. .
• the speed limiting element is at a fixed point in the installation.
• Figure 6. Represents possible configurations of the speed limiter system in which the cable loop is born and dies in the parachute element located in the chassis of the traveling group, although other configurations are possible without the main characteristics of the system being affected. .
• the limiting element travels in solidarity with the traveling group.
• Figure 7.- Represents possible configurations of the cable tension element although other configurations are possible without the main characteristics of the system being affected.
• Figure 8. Represents a speed limiting system in which the speed limiting element travels in solidarity with the traveling group but unlike the systems mentioned above, the effort transmitted to the parachute element is made by the same limiting element directly.
• the cable in this case has the function of rotating the pulley of the limiting element to detect in this way the linear speed at which the elevator travels, generate the signal in the event of an overspeed event and provide the necessary force to the limiting element to activate the element parachute Figure 9.
• - Represents the scheme of forces that they come into play at the time of action of the limiting system.
• Figure 10.- Represents another possibility of the second type of limiting system.
• Figure 1 shows a cable of metallic wires covered by a layer of polymeric material.
• the cable comprises a set of metallic wires (1), usually of steel, which are grouped according to certain geometric configurations of section that are then rotated to form a propeller, a cord (3) being constructed.
• the threads (1) that make up a cord (3) can be the same, as shown in Figure 1, or different. It is common for threads to be grouped concentrically forming layers.
• the different cords (3) are grouped in turn following a grouping scheme parallel to that described in the previous paragraph, that is, having a certain shape in a section and then turning to form a helix of cords just like a cord shape using a propeller of threads.
• Figure 1 shows the strands of threads distributed around a central strand of threads
• Figure 2 the central metallic strand has been replaced by a central strand (4) of textile or synthetic material of high resistance like the Kevlar or another.
• the metal core of the cable formed by the grouping of cords (3) is surrounded by a coating of polymeric material (2), for example polyurethane, which has a circular outer section with an approximate diameter but somewhat larger than the larger diameter of the metal core and therefore completely covers it without significantly increasing the diameter of the core.
• polymeric material (2) for example polyurethane
• Figure 3 represents the cable shown in Figure 1 as it passes through the throats (5, 5 ') of different metal pulleys (2, 2') belonging to a speed limiter of those used in lifting devices.
• These pulleys can have different throat geometries (5, 5 '), although given the characteristics of the cable object of the invention it is preferable to use them in less aggressive throats such as semicircular throats (5) or semicircular grooves with notch (5') -
• the throats commonly used in the conventional speed limiter element are semicircular type with notch with BETA throat angles between 100 ° and 105 °, "V" throats with or without treatment of surface hardening with a GAMMA throat angle between 35 and 40 °.
• the present invention using flat belts with metal cables inside has specific pressures on said inner cables of a value between 3 and 5 times lower, under the same conditions of use as the practical cases described above to achieve a tensile capacity similar to the achieved in these examples.
• This value is similar or lower than those obtained in traditional systems, this fact together with the benefits of being a covered cable would guarantee an effective life of the system similar or superior to a conventional limiting system.
• a metallic cable of a limiting system consisting of wires of resistance greater than 2,000 N / mm 2 appears and whose outer diameter is less than or equal to 5 mm and is not covered with any material.
• This cable passes through the pulley throat of the limiting element that is metallic with a synthetic material cover, such as polyurethane or resins, with a design that increases the friction coefficient between cable and pulley.
• Tl / T2 10 (higher than the previous case because it is possible to increase the angle of hugging of the cable on the pulley of the limiting element), we need a tension in the cable of values between 5 and 8 kg, depending on the installation path .
• This tension is clearly lower than conventional systems, contributing to minimize the effects of inertia and reducing the specific pressure on the cable when passing through the pulleys. Accordingly, the present invention means in practice a virtually maintenance-free system.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Ropes Or Cables (AREA)
• Lift-Guide Devices, And Elevator Ropes And Cables (AREA)
• Pulleys (AREA)
• Cage And Drive Apparatuses For Elevators (AREA)
• Maintenance And Inspection Apparatuses For Elevators (AREA)

Priority Applications (8)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=35320256

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (12)

Families Citing this family (23)

Citations (5)

Family Cites Families (12)

• 2004
  • 2004-05-10 ES ES200401118A patent/ES2253981B1/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2004-07-12 PT PT04742059T patent/PT1748104E/pt unknown
  • 2004-07-12 JP JP2007512229A patent/JP2007536186A/ja active Pending
  • 2004-07-12 AT AT04742059T patent/ATE546583T1/de active
  • 2004-07-12 BR BRPI0418768-7A patent/BRPI0418768B1/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2004-07-12 ES ES04742059T patent/ES2379353T3/es active Active
  • 2004-07-12 WO PCT/ES2004/000331 patent/WO2005108672A1/es active Application Filing
  • 2004-07-12 MX MXPA06012983A patent/MXPA06012983A/es unknown
  • 2004-07-12 US US11/568,875 patent/US20070221452A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2004-07-12 KR KR1020067026017A patent/KR20070047242A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2004-07-12 RU RU2006143639/12A patent/RU2006143639A/ru not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2004-07-12 EP EP04742059A patent/EP1748104B1/en not_active Not-in-force
  • 2004-07-12 CN CN2004800430150A patent/CN1973082B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related

Patent Citations (5)

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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