WO2005094895A1 - Herstellung und verwendung des konjugats methotrexat-albumin als mittel zur immunsuppression bei gvhd - Google Patents
Herstellung und verwendung des konjugats methotrexat-albumin als mittel zur immunsuppression bei gvhd Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2005094895A1 WO2005094895A1 PCT/EP2005/003460 EP2005003460W WO2005094895A1 WO 2005094895 A1 WO2005094895 A1 WO 2005094895A1 EP 2005003460 W EP2005003460 W EP 2005003460W WO 2005094895 A1 WO2005094895 A1 WO 2005094895A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- organic compound
- protein
- carboxyl group
- use according
- methotrexate
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/495—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with two or more nitrogen atoms as the only ring heteroatoms, e.g. piperazine or tetrazines
- A61K31/505—Pyrimidines; Hydrogenated pyrimidines, e.g. trimethoprim
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
- A61K47/50—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates
- A61K47/51—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent
- A61K47/62—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent the modifying agent being a protein, peptide or polyamino acid
- A61K47/64—Drug-peptide, drug-protein or drug-polyamino acid conjugates, i.e. the modifying agent being a peptide, protein or polyamino acid which is covalently bonded or complexed to a therapeutically active agent
- A61K47/643—Albumins, e.g. HSA, BSA, ovalbumin or a Keyhole Limpet Hemocyanin [KHL]
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P37/00—Drugs for immunological or allergic disorders
- A61P37/02—Immunomodulators
- A61P37/06—Immunosuppressants, e.g. drugs for graft rejection
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the use of drug-protein conjugates for modulating and in particular for avoiding transplant-associated immune reactions. Furthermore, new, advantageous production methods for the conjugates which can be used according to the invention are provided.
- Active substance-protein conjugates are used to obtain longer half-lives when administering therapeutic and / or diagnostic active substances by coupling foreign substances to a protein in the body (cf. DE 41 22 210 A1 or WO96 / 32133).
- a protein in the body cf. DE 41 22 210 A1 or WO96 / 32133.
- the uptake of proteins by proliferating tumor cells is used to accumulate the active substance bound to proteins in such cells, whereas healthy tissue has no reason to take up proteins. This enables the active substances to be accumulated in tumor cells.
- DE 41 22 210 A1 describes conjugates of a tumor-active compound which has at least one carboxyl group and a protein which is not regarded as foreign by the organism, the protein being in native form. These conjugates are used for the treatment of tumor diseases, but not for transplant-associated immune reactions. A method for producing such conjugates is also described.
- European patent application EP 0 879 604 A1 describes conjugates comprising a folic acid antagonist and a carrier, preferably native ones
- Protein process for their preparation and their use for the treatment of tumor diseases, inflammation and / or Autoimmune diseases, but not known for the treatment of transplant-associated immune reactions.
- Allogeneic bone marrow transplants are being used to an increasing extent in high-dose radiation therapy, therapy in haematological-oncological diseases, for example of leukemia, lymphoma, aplastic anemia or renal cell carcinoma.
- haematological-oncological diseases for example of leukemia, lymphoma, aplastic anemia or renal cell carcinoma.
- GVHD graft versus host disease
- the immunomodulatory drugs used up to now have reduced the mortality of acute and chronic GVHD in part, but fail in some of the patients and are sometimes associated with considerable side effects. As a result of broad immunosuppression, the risk of systemic infection dominates here. In addition, there are a number of drug-specific organ toxicities of the drugs previously used, which lead to complications, particularly under the often lengthy use over weeks or months.
- This object is achieved according to the invention by using a conjugate comprising an organic compound containing carboxyl groups and a protein for producing a medicament for modulating a transplant-associated immune reaction.
- conjugates of carboxyl group-containing organic compounds and proteins in particular albumin or transferrin, can also be used successfully for modulating transplant-associated immune reactions.
- the conjugates used according to the invention contain an organic compound containing carboxyl groups, which is in particular an active ingredient, more preferably a low molecular weight active ingredient with a molecular weight 1000 1000 Da and more preferably 500 500 Da.
- the active substance is particularly preferably a cytostatic or an immunosuppressant.
- Methotrexate or aminopterin is particularly preferably used, most preferably methotrexate.
- the folic acid antagonist methotrexate or 4-amino-4-deoxy-10-methylfolic acid (C20H22N8O5) is a cytostatic.
- This drug is a proven low molecular weight drug in the prophylaxis of GVHD and has a dose-dependent immunosuppressive effect.
- a high concentration and in particular an immunosuppressive amount of the active ingredient can be achieved at the desired site of action, with administration being overall low and thus free of side effects.
- the conjugate according to the invention comprises proteins in native form.
- the protein preferably has a molecular weight of 18 18,000 Da, more preferably 50 50,000 Da.
- a corresponding native protein in particular albumin
- albumin is favorably selected, for example a human protein for administration to humans and for administration to animals, for example mice, corresponding to an rvlaus protein.
- Suitable proteins are, for example, albumin, in particular human serum albumin (HSA) or transferrin.
- HSA human serum albumin
- Albumin is particularly preferably used as the protein.
- conjugates are also extremely suitable for the prophylaxis or treatment of transplant-associated immune reactions, such as GVHD.
- the conjugates used according to the invention enable a significantly more targeted and optimized effect, in particular of cytostatics and other active substances in inflammatory tissue and proliferating metabolically active cells.
- the relevant cells are reactive lymphocytes and cells of the monocyte phagocyte system (MPS), here in particular the dendritic cells of the reactive lymphatic tissues.
- MPS monocyte phagocyte system
- the conjugates used according to the invention do not cause a general immune suppression in the entire organism but rather cause a selective modulation and in particular suppression of transplant-associated immune reactions and preferably of GVHD.
- the optimized uptake is brought about in particular by the favorable kinetics of albumin, for example with a plasma half-life of approximately 19 days in humans, and by the importance of albumin as a potential nutrient for proliferating cells.
- the conjugates according to the invention enable the active substance to be accumulated in the relevant cells over a long period Period. Due to the long biological half-life, for example, the activity level in the blood of the conjugate MTX-HSA is about 300 times greater than that of the low-molecular MTX alone.
- conjugates used according to the invention Due to the long residence time of the conjugates used according to the invention in the body, prophylaxis and / or treatment of GVHD can be carried out successfully, even if the intervals between the individual administrations of the conjugate are more than 5 days, preferably more than 10 days, in particular more than 13 days or may even be more than 20 days. In this way it is possible to administer a corresponding maintenance dose to patients without the occurrence of side effects for years, for example every 2 to 3 weeks.
- the conjugates according to the invention containing an active ingredient covalently bound to a protein, in particular to albumin, preferably methotrexate, are suitable for modulation and in particular for avoiding transplantation-associated immune reactions.
- Modulation is understood here to mean any influence or change in the immune reactions and in particular an increase or decrease in the immune response, in particular by at least 10%, preferably by at least 20%. It is particularly preferred to achieve a substantial reduction by, for example, at least 50%, more preferably by at least 70%, or to avoid the transplantation-associated immune reactions.
- This effect opens up a wide range of uses for the conjugates according to the invention for avoiding immunological complications in transplants, in particular in allogeneic or autologous bone marrow transplants, but also for avoiding recipient-mediated rejection reactions in organ transplants, in particular in organ donor transplants from, for example, kidney, heart or Liver.
- the conjugates according to the invention can therefore advantageously be used for the treatment or / and prophylaxis of GVHD and in particular of acute or chronic GVHD.
- the conjugates according to the invention are particularly suitable for administration to humans.
- the conjugates according to the invention are generally administered intravenously.
- 0.1 to 1000 mg conjugate per kg body weight, in particular 1 to 100 mg conjugate per kg body weight are preferably administered as the dose unit.
- an effect can already be achieved at a low dosage of, for example, 5 5 mg and in particular ⁇ 3 mg conjugate per kg of body weight.
- the molar ratio of active ingredient to carrier protein is preferably 1: 1000 to 2: 1, in particular 1: 100 to 1.1, particularly preferably 0.9 to 1.1: 1.
- albumin still shows native behavior when loaded with methotrexate 1: 1.
- a dose unit of active ingredient is preferably 0.1 to 100 mg per kg body weight, in particular 1 to 10 mg per kg body weight, often small dose units of 5 5 mg, in particular 2 2 or ⁇ 1 mg per kg body weight being particularly preferred. Because of the long residence time of the conjugates in humans, administration of at most one dose unit per day, preferably per week, more preferably per 2 weeks, is sufficient. For animals, for example mice, one dose unit is preferably administered per day.
- Efficient covalent coupling of the active ingredient to the carrier molecule is important for the preparation of the conjugates used according to the invention.
- the coupling must not lead to an undesirable change in the carrier protein and / or the active substance.
- DCC dicyclohexylcarbodiimide
- insoluble substances are formed during the activation, some of which fail during the activation and some when the activated active substance is introduced into an aqueous protein solution and, in order that the conjugate can be administered medically, in addition to that through time-consuming and expensive filtration steps actual product cleaning must be separated and are never 100% (because of the lipophilic domains in the albumin).
- This object was achieved according to the invention by a process for producing a conjugate containing i) a carboxyl group-containing organic compound, in particular methotrexate and ii) a protein, in particular albumin, which is characterized in that a carboxyl group-containing organic compound and a protein in the presence of 1-ethyl-3- (3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide and implemented by N-hydroxysuccinimide.
- the activation is preferably carried out at a temperature of 10 to 100 ° C, more preferably 20 to 70 ° C and even more preferably 40 to 65 ° C for a reaction time of 1 minute to 10 hours, more preferably 10 to 30 minutes.
- the activated active substance is preferably reacted with the carrier protein at a temperature between 10 and 50 ° C., in particular between 20 and 40 ° C.
- the carboxyl-containing compound in particular methotrexate, is preferably activated with 1-ethyl-3- (3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide and N-hydroxysuccinimide in an organic solvent, preferably in dimethylacetamide.
- organic solvent preferably in dimethylacetamide.
- suitable organic solvents are, for example, DMSO (dimethyl sulfoxide) or dioxane.
- the activation is preferably carried out with the exclusion of water, in particular in the presence of 5 5% by weight of water, more preferably 1 1% by weight of water and most preferably completely anhydrous.
- a major advantage of the production process according to the invention is that the activating reagents used, that is to say 1-ethyl-3- (3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide and N-hydroxysuccinimide, are highly water-soluble. Coupling reagents that are not used during the reaction can thereby be removed in a simple manner from the product obtained, for example by washing with water. In contrast, with the coupling reagents used in the prior art, for example when using di-cyclohexyl-carbodimide (DCC), a non-separable residue of coupling reagent remains in the conjugate.
- DCC di-cyclohexyl-carbodimide
- Another preferred aspect of the invention relates to an optimized production process of a conjugate according to the invention comprising i) an organic compound containing carboxyl groups and ii) a protein which is characterized in that a
- the carboxyl group-containing organic compound is preferably a
- Methotrexate aminopterin and / or N-phthaloyl-L-glutamic acid, especially preferred around methotrexate.
- the protein is preferably albumin.
- Another advantage of the optimized method is that after the activated active ingredients AMPT, MTX or NPLG have been added to the protein, in particular albumin, a direct control of the coupling efficiency can be carried out without N-hydroxysuccinimide.
- N-hydroxysuccinimide When using N-hydroxysuccinimide, this also has a high UV absorption in HPLC when the UV measuring cell is set to 280 nm and interferes or complicates one with its retention time of about 11.5 minutes, in which other low-molecular compounds also appear direct determination of the coupling yield. This means that in many cases the yield cannot be determined until the conjugate has been purified. Thanks to the optimized process without the use of N-hydroxysuccinimide, this factor can now be excluded. This is also of great advantage for product safety. Another advantage of the optimized method is that the coupling yield is surprisingly 98 to 99% on average.
- the carboxyl group-containing organic compound in particular methotrexate and the protein, in particular albumin, in a molar ratio of 10: 1 to 1:10, in particular 1.5: 1 to 1: 1.5.
- conjugates produced by the methods according to the invention can be used for numerous uses and in particular for intravenous administration.
- such conjugates for example when using a carboxyl group-containing organic compound with an immunosuppressive effect, can advantageously be used for the production of medicaments for modulating a transplant-associated immune reaction, in particular for the production of a medicament for the prophylaxis and / or treatment of GVHD.
- Conjugates produced according to the invention are also suitable for the production of medicaments for the treatment or / and diagnosis of inflammation, infection and / or skin diseases.
- Figure 1 shows an HPLC chromatogram of the methotrexate-human serum albumin (MTX-HSA) conjugate prepared according to Example 1, which works according to the manufacturing process using N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHSI) and thus the synthesis of a reactive ester as an intermediate.
- MTX-HSA methotrexate-human serum albumin
- FIG. 2 shows the chromatogram of the MTX-HSA conjugate prepared in accordance with Example 3 without using NHSI, the carboxyl group activated with 1-ethyl-3- (3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydroxychloride (EDC) being used directly for coupling the MTX.
- EDC 1-ethyl-3- (3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydroxychloride
- Methotrexate is activated using 1-ethyl-3- (3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodimide hydrochloride (EDC) and N-hydroxysuccinimide (HSI) and then converted to MTX-HSA with albumin (HSA).
- EDC 1-ethyl-3- (3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodimide hydrochloride
- HSI N-hydroxysuccinimide
- Example 2 s animal experiments: (approval no. LVL M-V310-4 / 7221.3-1.2-015 / 03 State Veterinary Office Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania Rostock)
- the long circulating, macromolecular MTX-HSA was the first statistically significant experiment with GVHD animals at the Rostock University Clinic in the department of Prof. Dr. M. Freund under the direction of PD.Dr.G. Hardening and Dr. D. Wolff.
- 105 rats received 2 mg / kg methotrexate albumin intraperitoneally on day 0, 4, 8 and 12, while 10 further rats only received the equivalent amount of albumin intraperitoneally at the same times.
- Methotrexate is dissolved together with 1-ethyl-3- (3-dimethylaminopropyl) 0 carbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC) in DMSO, reacted by heating (activated) and then converted to MTX-HSA with albumin (HSA).
- EDC carbodiimide hydrochloride
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/594,876 US7781406B2 (en) | 2004-04-02 | 2005-04-01 | Production and use of the methotrexate-albumin conjugate as an immunosuppressive agent in GVHD |
EP05730909A EP1732611A1 (de) | 2004-04-02 | 2005-04-01 | Herstellung und verwendung des konjugats methotrexat-albumin als mittel zur immunsuppression bei gvhd |
CA002561394A CA2561394A1 (en) | 2004-04-02 | 2005-04-01 | Production and use of the methotrexate-albumin conjugate as an immunosuppressive agent in gvhd |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102004016355A DE102004016355A1 (de) | 2004-04-02 | 2004-04-02 | Herstellung und Verwendung des Konjugats Methotrexat-Albumin als Mittel zur Immunosuppression bei GVHD |
DE102004016355.3 | 2004-04-02 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2005094895A1 true WO2005094895A1 (de) | 2005-10-13 |
Family
ID=34963916
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2005/003460 WO2005094895A1 (de) | 2004-04-02 | 2005-04-01 | Herstellung und verwendung des konjugats methotrexat-albumin als mittel zur immunsuppression bei gvhd |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7781406B2 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1732611A1 (de) |
CA (1) | CA2561394A1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE102004016355A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2005094895A1 (de) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2007134595A2 (de) * | 2006-05-23 | 2007-11-29 | Albupharm Heidelberg Gmbh & Co. Kg | Neue, an der tumorphysiologie orientierte formulierung eines zytostatikums, insbesondere von cis-platin |
US20120128703A1 (en) * | 2005-03-11 | 2012-05-24 | Kamen Barton A | Aminopterin Dosage Forms and Methods for Inflammatory Disorders |
US10913780B2 (en) | 2016-03-24 | 2021-02-09 | The Administrators Of The Tulane Educational Fund | Conjugates, their compositions, their uses, and their methods of making |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0282057A2 (de) * | 1987-03-11 | 1988-09-14 | The Board Of Regents Of The University Of Michigan | Chemo-Radio-Immunkonjugate |
Family Cites Families (9)
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US5688488A (en) * | 1989-04-03 | 1997-11-18 | Purdue Research Foundation | Composition and method for tumor imaging |
US5993805A (en) * | 1991-04-10 | 1999-11-30 | Quadrant Healthcare (Uk) Limited | Spray-dried microparticles and their use as therapeutic vehicles |
DE4122210C2 (de) * | 1991-07-04 | 1999-04-01 | Deutsches Krebsforsch | Konjugate aus tumoraktiver Verbindung und Serumalbumin sowie Verfahren zu deren Herstellung und ihre Verwendung |
US6210677B1 (en) * | 1993-01-29 | 2001-04-03 | Robert C. Bohannon | Method to reduce the physiologic effects of drugs on mammals |
DE69713517D1 (de) * | 1996-10-15 | 2002-07-25 | Medical Analysis Systems Inc | Verfahren zur Stabilisierung von Troponin I (CTnI) durch Konjugation mit einem activen Polymer |
EP0879604B1 (de) | 1997-05-09 | 2003-04-09 | Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum Stiftung des öffentlichen Rechts | Konjugat, umfassend einen Folsäureantagonisten und einen Träger |
US20030149045A1 (en) * | 1999-08-20 | 2003-08-07 | Fatih M Uckun | Therapeutic compounds |
US20030032631A1 (en) * | 2001-08-13 | 2003-02-13 | Mcdonald George B. | Method of treatment of cancer by controlling graft-versus-leukemia using topical active corticosteriods |
US7119071B2 (en) * | 2002-05-21 | 2006-10-10 | University Of Medicine And Dentistry Of New Jersey | Amino terminal substance P compositions and methods for using the same |
-
2004
- 2004-04-02 DE DE102004016355A patent/DE102004016355A1/de not_active Ceased
-
2005
- 2005-04-01 US US10/594,876 patent/US7781406B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-04-01 WO PCT/EP2005/003460 patent/WO2005094895A1/de active Application Filing
- 2005-04-01 EP EP05730909A patent/EP1732611A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2005-04-01 CA CA002561394A patent/CA2561394A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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EP0282057A2 (de) * | 1987-03-11 | 1988-09-14 | The Board Of Regents Of The University Of Michigan | Chemo-Radio-Immunkonjugate |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
Title |
---|
KRATZ F: "Drug conjugates with albumin and transferrin", EXPERT OPINION ON THERAPEUTIC PATENTS 2002 UNITED KINGDOM, vol. 12, no. 3, 2002, pages 433 - 439, XP002337252, ISSN: 1354-3776 * |
VALLERA DANIEL A ET AL: "Anti-graft-versus-host disease effect of DT-390-anti-CD3sFv, a single-chain Fv fusion immunotoxin specifically targeting the CD3-epsilon moiety of the T-cell receptor", BLOOD, vol. 88, no. 6, 1996, pages 2342 - 2353, XP000645998, ISSN: 0006-4971 * |
WOLFF DANIEL ET AL: "Methotrexate-albumin and aminopterin-albumin are effective in prophylaxis of experimental acute GVHD.", BLOOD, vol. 102, no. 11, 16 November 2003 (2003-11-16), & 45TH ANNUAL MEETING OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF HEMATOLOGY; SAN DIEGO, CA, USA; DECEMBER 06-09, 2003, pages 404b, XP008047268, ISSN: 0006-4971 * |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20120128703A1 (en) * | 2005-03-11 | 2012-05-24 | Kamen Barton A | Aminopterin Dosage Forms and Methods for Inflammatory Disorders |
WO2007134595A2 (de) * | 2006-05-23 | 2007-11-29 | Albupharm Heidelberg Gmbh & Co. Kg | Neue, an der tumorphysiologie orientierte formulierung eines zytostatikums, insbesondere von cis-platin |
WO2007134595A3 (de) * | 2006-05-23 | 2008-10-16 | Albupharm Heidelberg Gmbh & Co | Neue, an der tumorphysiologie orientierte formulierung eines zytostatikums, insbesondere von cis-platin |
US10913780B2 (en) | 2016-03-24 | 2021-02-09 | The Administrators Of The Tulane Educational Fund | Conjugates, their compositions, their uses, and their methods of making |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1732611A1 (de) | 2006-12-20 |
CA2561394A1 (en) | 2005-10-13 |
US7781406B2 (en) | 2010-08-24 |
US20070231338A1 (en) | 2007-10-04 |
DE102004016355A1 (de) | 2005-11-03 |
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