WO2005086202A1 - 光電撮像センサ及びそれに用いられる出力電極アレイ - Google Patents
光電撮像センサ及びそれに用いられる出力電極アレイ Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2005086202A1 WO2005086202A1 PCT/JP2005/004213 JP2005004213W WO2005086202A1 WO 2005086202 A1 WO2005086202 A1 WO 2005086202A1 JP 2005004213 W JP2005004213 W JP 2005004213W WO 2005086202 A1 WO2005086202 A1 WO 2005086202A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- electrode array
- output electrode
- imaging sensor
- photomultiplier tube
- array
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J31/00—Cathode ray tubes; Electron beam tubes
- H01J31/08—Cathode ray tubes; Electron beam tubes having a screen on or from which an image or pattern is formed, picked up, converted, or stored
- H01J31/26—Image pick-up tubes having an input of visible light and electric output
- H01J31/48—Tubes with amplification of output effected by electron multiplier arrangements within the vacuum space
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J43/00—Secondary-emission tubes; Electron-multiplier tubes
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a photoelectric imaging sensor used for real-time observation of rare phenomena in the fields of medicine, space science, disaster prevention, and defense, and an output electrode array used therefor.
- a photoelectron electrode that converts incident light into a photoelectron, and a photoelectron whose inside is kept in a vacuum and amplifies the photoelectron converted by the photoelectron electrode.
- a device in which the corresponding signal extraction electrode is insulated is proposed (eg, Patent Document 1).
- Patent document 1 JP-A-6-28997
- An object of the present invention is to provide a photoelectric imaging sensor which can perform high-speed light detection while maintaining high sensitivity and high resolution, can easily maintain a vacuum, and is inexpensive in structure, and used for the same. To provide an output electrode array.
- the photoelectric imaging sensor according to the present invention comprises:
- a photoelectron electrode for converting incident light into photoelectrons A photomultiplier tube whose inside is held in a vacuum and amplifies the photoelectrons converted by the photoelectrode electrode;
- the output electrode array for a photoelectric imaging sensor according to the present invention includes:
- It is characterized by having a plurality of plate electrodes arranged in an array so as to be vertically adjacent to each other and a support electrode for electrically connecting the plate electrodes vertically opposed to each other.
- the photoelectric imaging sensor of the present invention since the extraction electrode array arranged outside the photomultiplier tube and the output electrode array are electrically connected, the photoelectrons that have reached the output electrode array are not connected. The resulting current signal can be read directly outside the photomultiplier tube, and as a result, high-speed light detection can be performed while maintaining high sensitivity and high resolution.
- the signal extraction electrode and the integrated circuit incorporated therein are disposed outside the photomultiplier tube, there is no need to take heat-resistant measures, and the replacement of the integrated circuit is facilitated.
- the sensor can be constructed inexpensively. Further, since the signal extraction electrode and the integrated circuit incorporated therein are disposed outside the photomultiplier tube, the outgassing of the integrated circuit does not adversely affect the vacuum maintenance, and as a result, the vacuum maintenance is facilitated. Become.
- the output electrode array is configured to electrically connect a plurality of plate electrodes arranged in an array so as to be adjacent to each other in a vertical direction, and the plate electrodes facing each other in a vertical direction. And a supporting electrode that is electrically connected.
- the connecting means is made of anisotropic conductive rubber, it is not necessary to relatively increase the accuracy of the alignment between the output electrode array and the signal extraction electrode, which is advantageous from the viewpoint of an inexpensive configuration.
- the connection means is a metal ball, the pitch between the output electrode array and the signal extraction electrode can be made relatively short (for example, 20 / zm), and the viewpoint of high resolution is also advantageous.
- the output electrode array for a photoelectric imaging sensor According to the output electrode array for a photoelectric imaging sensor according to the present invention, high sensitivity and high resolution can be obtained. It is possible to provide a photoelectric imaging sensor that can perform high-speed light detection while maintaining the vacuum, easily maintain a vacuum, and have a low-cost configuration.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a photoelectric imaging sensor according to the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an output electrode array of the photoelectric imaging sensor shown in FIG. 1.
- FIG. 3 is a view showing an embodiment of a photoelectric imaging sensor according to the present invention using a microchannel type photomultiplier tube.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a photoelectric imaging sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention, which uses a hybrid photomultiplier tube.
- FIG. 5 is a partially enlarged view of the photoelectric imaging sensor shown in FIG.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example of a circuit for processing a current taken out into the outside atmosphere by an output electrode array force of the photoelectric imaging sensor according to the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining the processing of the circuit in FIG. 6.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a photoelectric imaging sensor according to the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an output electrode array of the photoelectric imaging sensor shown in FIG.
- the photoelectric imaging sensor 1 shown in FIG. 1 includes a photoelectric electrode 2, a photomultiplier tube 3, an output electrode array 4, and a metal ball 6 for electrically connecting the output electrode array 4 and the extraction electrode array 5. I can.
- the photoelectron electrode 2 is composed of a plate electrode provided on one main surface of the photomultiplier tube 3, and is sandwiched between the photoelectrode electrode 2 and the output electrode array 4 in the photomultiplier tube 3.
- the inside of the space S is kept in a vacuum.
- the output electrode array 4 is provided on the other main surface of the photomultiplier tube 3 so as to face the photoelectrode electrode 2, and as shown in FIG. 2, the array is arranged so as to be vertically adjacent to each other. Up and down with multiple flat plate electrodes 11! And a support electrode 12 for electrically connecting the plate electrodes 11 facing each other.
- the plate electrode 11 arranged on the upper side is located in the space S maintained in a vacuum in the photomultiplier tube 3, and the plate electrode 11 arranged on the lower side is outside the photomultiplier tube 3. Side, that is, in the atmosphere.
- the extraction electrode array 5 is provided so as to face the output electrode array 4, and on the side facing the output electrode array 4, a plurality of plate electrodes 13 are arranged so as to be adjacent to each other. Further, the plate electrodes 11 of the output electrode array 4 and the plate electrodes 13 of the extraction electrode array 5 are provided so as to correspond to each other one by one, and are electrically connected to each other by the metal balls 6. Further, a predetermined integrated circuit (not shown) is incorporated in the extraction electrode array 5.
- the plate electrodes 11 and 13 can be arranged in, for example, 128 ⁇ 128. Further, each pitch p can be set to 0.01-10.02 mm. The distance between the output electrode array 4 and the extraction electrode array 5 is reduced, for example, to 20 / zm or less by reducing the size of the metal sphere 6.
- the operation of the present embodiment will be described.
- the light incident on the photoelectrode 2 is converted into photoelectrons, and the photoelectrons converted by the photoelectrode 2 are amplified by the photomultiplier 3.
- the photoelectrons amplified by the photomultiplier tube 3 reach the output electrode array 4.
- the current signal caused by the photoelectrons reaching the output electrode array 4 is directly read out of the photomultiplier tube 3, that is, from the upper flat electrode 11 of the output electrode array 4 to the lower flat plate through the support electrode 12. Output from electrode 11.
- the current signal input to the extraction electrode array 5 is processed by an integrated circuit (not shown) threaded into the extraction electrode array 5 and output to the outside as image data.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an embodiment of a photoelectric imaging sensor according to the present invention using a microchannel type photomultiplier tube.
- the double microchannel plate 22 is supported by the pawl 23, and the space between the photomultiplier tube 21 and the photoelectrode electrode 24 is sealed by an indium seal 25. ing.
- An extraction electrode array 27 that is arranged outside the photomultiplier tube 21 and has an integrated circuit 26 incorporated therein is supported on a printed board 29 on a backup plate 28, Is electrically connected to the The image data generated by the integrated circuit 26 is output to the outside through the Au wire 32.
- the limit resolution of the microchannel plate 22 is equivalent to the limit resolution of a current two-dimensional semiconductor sensor such as a CCD. Chi words, an advantage of the photomultiplier tubes of general faster detection speed (ns or less) and a solution of 2-dimensional semiconductor sensor such as a CCD while maintaining the current reading of the high-gain and high-sensitivity (one 10 7) The resolution can be easily obtained.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a photoelectric image sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention using a hybrid photomultiplier tube
- FIG. 5 is a partially enlarged view thereof.
- a photoelectron electrode 41 is arranged on a main surface of a photomultiplier tube 42
- a multi-pixel photodiode 43 is arranged in a vacuum space of the photomultiplier tube 42.
- the multi-pixel photodiode 43 has a detection substrate 44 such as a silicon substrate, an n-diffusion region 45, and a p-injection region 46, and is electrically connected to an output electrode array 48 by a metal sphere 47.
- the output electrode array 48 has the same configuration as that shown in FIG. 2, and the space between the photomultiplier tube 42 and the photoelectrode 41 is sealed by an indium seal 49.
- An extraction electrode array 51 arranged outside the photomultiplier tube 42 and incorporating an integrated circuit 50 is supported on a printed circuit board 53 on a backup plate 52 and output by an anisotropic conductive rubber 54. It is electrically connected to the electrode array 48.
- the image data generated by the integrated circuit 50 is output to the outside through the wiring 55 and the Au wire 56.
- the detection substrate 44 is accelerated and irradiated with a high electric field (1 10 kV) to generate electrons generated by photoelectrically converting weak light at the photon level by the photoelectrode 41, and The electron energy is converted into a large number of electron-hole pairs at a high conversion rate (for example, 3.4 electron volts Z electron-hole pairs), and electrons or positive electrons are applied to the back surface of the detection substrate 44 by a bias electric field (100 V).
- a current with a high multiplication factor (110 4 times) is obtained by pulling out the hole, or a higher multiplication factor (1 10 7 ) current is obtained by using avalanche multiplication by PN junction. be able to.
- the mobility of electrons in a silicon semiconductor is 1800 cm 2 Z (V's), and the distance required for incident accelerating electrons to penetrate and convert total energy into electron-hole pairs is several meters ,
- the time required for the multiplication process, in which the two-dimensional position information is only a few meters blurred, is as fast as 0. Ins. That is, the current distribution can be read at high speed and with high definition by utilizing the multiplication process inside the semiconductor.
- the read current distribution is converted into a two-dimensional image from the output electrode array 48 to the outside while maintaining high resolution (several ⁇ m). Read out.
- the resolution of a two-dimensional semiconductor sensor such as a CCD can be improved while maintaining the high-speed detection speed (ns or less) and high-gain high-sensitivity (110 7 ) current reading, which are the advantages of a general photomultiplier tube. It can be obtained easily.
- FIG. 6 shows the output electrode array force of the photoelectric imaging sensor according to the present invention taken out to the outside atmosphere.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an example of a circuit that processes the applied current, and FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a process of the circuit in FIG.
- the photoelectric imaging sensor having the structure shown in FIG. 3 was used, and the output electrode array and the extraction electrodes were arranged in an array of 128 ⁇ 128 plate electrodes.
- the circuit shown in FIG. 6 is a discrimination circuit that determines whether or not the current extracted from one electrode of the output electrode array is a significant signal compared to the background noise.
- the raw current Ii derived from the electrodes and input to the discrimination circuit (indicated by the current waveform a in FIG. 7) is supplied to the first stage (the operational amplifier 61 and the capacitor 62 and the FET 63 Are formed by a band-pass filter 64 and a second-stage amplifier 65, and voltage signal waveforms bl, b2, and b3 (FIG. 7) are obtained at point A.
- the voltage signal waveforms bl, b2, and b3 correspond to those obtained by changing the resistance value effectively by changing the voltage applied to the gate of the FET 63 to 0.4 V, 0.5 V, and 0.6 V, respectively.
- the comparator 66 in the final stage uses the external reference voltage Vcmpin (for example, 1.6 V) as a threshold, discriminates the wave height only when the shaped voltage waveform exceeds the threshold, and sets the threshold to zero. Output from negative voltage pulse xo2.
- Vcmpin for example, 1.6 V
- the width of the noise can be controlled with a short time width of several tens ns to 100 ns corresponding to the time during which the threshold voltage of each shaped voltage waveform is exceeded.
- This peak height discrimination output signal is obtained for each electrode, and based on the two-dimensional distribution, the instantaneous two-dimensional pattern of the weak high-speed light phenomenon incident on the photoelectric imaging sensor according to the present invention is determined for each instant, as shown in FIG.
- the obtained light phenomena can be significantly and reliably identified in real time from background noise.
- the optoelectronic electrode can be an electrode having a shape other than the flat plate as in the above embodiment.
- the output electrode array can also have a configuration other than the configuration shown in FIG.
- the connection means can be realized by means other than the anisotropic conductive rubber or metal sphere.
- the present invention is applied to the enhancement of detection sensitivity and high-speed automatic real-time determination in fields such as weak electric signal inspection, high-speed image recognition, diagnosis, disaster prevention, and defense. It can be suitably used for a motion measuring device, an ultra-high-speed photographing device, a real-time monitoring device, a track motion automatic recognition device, a real-time medical diagnostic device, a rare phenomenon detecting device, and the like.
Landscapes
- Measurement Of Radiation (AREA)
- Transforming Light Signals Into Electric Signals (AREA)
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2006510811A JPWO2005086202A1 (ja) | 2004-03-10 | 2005-03-10 | 光電撮像センサ及びそれに用いられる出力電極アレイ |
US10/591,938 US7476838B2 (en) | 2004-03-10 | 2005-03-10 | Photoelectric imaging sensor and two-dimensional output electrode array used therein |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2004066955 | 2004-03-10 | ||
JP2004-066955 | 2004-03-10 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2005086202A1 true WO2005086202A1 (ja) | 2005-09-15 |
Family
ID=34918364
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2005/004213 WO2005086202A1 (ja) | 2004-03-10 | 2005-03-10 | 光電撮像センサ及びそれに用いられる出力電極アレイ |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7476838B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JPWO2005086202A1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2005086202A1 (ja) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2014164813A (ja) * | 2013-02-21 | 2014-09-08 | Hamamatsu Photonics Kk | 光検出ユニット |
Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS6331281A (ja) * | 1986-07-25 | 1988-02-09 | Nippon Hoso Kyokai <Nhk> | 撮像デバイス |
JPH03180725A (ja) * | 1989-12-11 | 1991-08-06 | Hamamatsu Photonics Kk | 多極型検出用アノード構造 |
JPH0572344A (ja) * | 1991-09-11 | 1993-03-26 | Hamamatsu Photonics Kk | 放射線検出装置 |
JPH0628997A (ja) * | 1992-07-09 | 1994-02-04 | Hamamatsu Photonics Kk | 真空装置 |
JP2003069179A (ja) * | 2001-08-30 | 2003-03-07 | Sony Corp | 電子部品実装基板複合体及びその組立実装方法 |
JP2003069187A (ja) * | 2001-08-24 | 2003-03-07 | Sony Corp | 電子部品実装基板用の基板接続支持具及び基板接続方法 |
JP2004279200A (ja) * | 2003-03-14 | 2004-10-07 | Mitsui Eng & Shipbuild Co Ltd | 微弱放射検出装置用二次元受信器 |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3668388A (en) * | 1971-02-24 | 1972-06-06 | Gte Sylvania Inc | Multi-channel photomultiplier tube |
JPH07336495A (ja) * | 1994-06-09 | 1995-12-22 | Kyocera Corp | 画像装置 |
US7102284B2 (en) * | 2001-02-23 | 2006-09-05 | Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. | Photomultiplier |
JP2003031837A (ja) * | 2001-07-11 | 2003-01-31 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | 画像検出器およびその製造方法、画像記録方法および読取方法並びに画像記録装置および読取装置 |
-
2005
- 2005-03-10 US US10/591,938 patent/US7476838B2/en active Active
- 2005-03-10 WO PCT/JP2005/004213 patent/WO2005086202A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2005-03-10 JP JP2006510811A patent/JPWO2005086202A1/ja active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS6331281A (ja) * | 1986-07-25 | 1988-02-09 | Nippon Hoso Kyokai <Nhk> | 撮像デバイス |
JPH03180725A (ja) * | 1989-12-11 | 1991-08-06 | Hamamatsu Photonics Kk | 多極型検出用アノード構造 |
JPH0572344A (ja) * | 1991-09-11 | 1993-03-26 | Hamamatsu Photonics Kk | 放射線検出装置 |
JPH0628997A (ja) * | 1992-07-09 | 1994-02-04 | Hamamatsu Photonics Kk | 真空装置 |
JP2003069187A (ja) * | 2001-08-24 | 2003-03-07 | Sony Corp | 電子部品実装基板用の基板接続支持具及び基板接続方法 |
JP2003069179A (ja) * | 2001-08-30 | 2003-03-07 | Sony Corp | 電子部品実装基板複合体及びその組立実装方法 |
JP2004279200A (ja) * | 2003-03-14 | 2004-10-07 | Mitsui Eng & Shipbuild Co Ltd | 微弱放射検出装置用二次元受信器 |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2014164813A (ja) * | 2013-02-21 | 2014-09-08 | Hamamatsu Photonics Kk | 光検出ユニット |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US7476838B2 (en) | 2009-01-13 |
US20070205353A1 (en) | 2007-09-06 |
JPWO2005086202A1 (ja) | 2008-01-24 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
JP6763065B2 (ja) | 試料を検査する方法 | |
JP5459066B2 (ja) | 放射線画像撮影装置 | |
US20130068952A1 (en) | Radiation detection element, radiographic image detection panel and radiographic imaging device | |
US7339246B2 (en) | Sensor arrangement consisting of light-sensitive and/or X-ray sensitive sensors | |
CN107533145A (zh) | 制作半导体x射线检测器的方法 | |
CN104977599A (zh) | 光检测器 | |
CN103890972A (zh) | 光检测装置 | |
CN107665897A (zh) | 光检测设备和光检测系统 | |
US20150021487A1 (en) | Two-dimensional image detecting system | |
CN109414231A (zh) | 用于确定x射线检测器错位的方法 | |
US8513616B2 (en) | Radiographic imaging device and a detector for a radiographic imaging device | |
JP5070637B2 (ja) | 放射線画像検出モジュール | |
CN201262572Y (zh) | 单光子计数成像仪 | |
JP2008511163A (ja) | 電離放射線の検出器 | |
WO2005086202A1 (ja) | 光電撮像センサ及びそれに用いられる出力電極アレイ | |
JP5136736B2 (ja) | 放射線画像検出モジュールおよび放射線画像検出装置 | |
CN219328903U (zh) | 像素型面阵探测器伽马能谱测试系统 | |
Jacquot et al. | Direct detection of 100–5000 eV electrons with delta-doped silicon CMOS and electron-multiplying CCD imagers | |
JP2008096278A (ja) | 放射線画像検出器 | |
CN110914714A (zh) | 制造和使用x射线检测器的方法 | |
CN110892291B (zh) | X射线检测器 | |
JP2015141037A (ja) | 放射線検出器 | |
CN215865490U (zh) | 一种超快高分辨并行读出单光子探测器 | |
CN113851497B (zh) | 传感器单元、辐射检测器、制造传感器单元的方法和使用传感器单元的方法 | |
WO2013007981A1 (en) | Ion detector |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AK | Designated states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AE AG AL AM AT AU AZ BA BB BG BR BW BY BZ CA CH CN CO CR CU CZ DE DK DM DZ EC EE EG ES FI GB GD GE GH GM HR HU ID IL IN IS JP KE KG KP KR KZ LC LK LR LS LT LU LV MA MD MG MK MN MW MX MZ NA NI NO NZ OM PG PH PL PT RO RU SC SD SE SG SK SL SM SY TJ TM TN TR TT TZ UA UG US UZ VC VN YU ZA ZM ZW |
|
AL | Designated countries for regional patents |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): BW GH GM KE LS MW MZ NA SD SL SZ TZ UG ZM ZW AM AZ BY KG KZ MD RU TJ TM AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IS IT LT LU MC NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR BF BJ CF CG CI CM GA GN GQ GW ML MR NE SN TD TG |
|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application | ||
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2006510811 Country of ref document: JP |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
WWW | Wipo information: withdrawn in national office |
Ref document number: DE |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 10591938 Country of ref document: US Ref document number: 2007205353 Country of ref document: US |
|
122 | Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase | ||
WWP | Wipo information: published in national office |
Ref document number: 10591938 Country of ref document: US |