WO2005083135A1 - Ca還元によるTi又はTi合金の製造方法 - Google Patents
Ca還元によるTi又はTi合金の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2005083135A1 WO2005083135A1 PCT/JP2004/015043 JP2004015043W WO2005083135A1 WO 2005083135 A1 WO2005083135 A1 WO 2005083135A1 JP 2004015043 W JP2004015043 W JP 2004015043W WO 2005083135 A1 WO2005083135 A1 WO 2005083135A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- molten salt
- alloy
- producing
- ticl
- reduction
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B34/00—Obtaining refractory metals
- C22B34/10—Obtaining titanium, zirconium or hafnium
- C22B34/12—Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00 - C01G23/08
- C22B34/1263—Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00 - C01G23/08 obtaining metallic titanium from titanium compounds, e.g. by reduction
- C22B34/1268—Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00 - C01G23/08 obtaining metallic titanium from titanium compounds, e.g. by reduction using alkali or alkaline-earth metals or amalgams
- C22B34/1272—Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00 - C01G23/08 obtaining metallic titanium from titanium compounds, e.g. by reduction using alkali or alkaline-earth metals or amalgams reduction of titanium halides, e.g. Kroll process
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B34/00—Obtaining refractory metals
- C22B34/10—Obtaining titanium, zirconium or hafnium
- C22B34/12—Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00 - C01G23/08
- C22B34/1295—Refining, melting, remelting, working up of titanium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B5/00—General methods of reducing to metals
- C22B5/02—Dry methods smelting of sulfides or formation of mattes
- C22B5/04—Dry methods smelting of sulfides or formation of mattes by aluminium, other metals or silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B34/00—Obtaining refractory metals
- C22B34/10—Obtaining titanium, zirconium or hafnium
- C22B34/12—Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00 - C01G23/08
- C22B34/129—Obtaining titanium or titanium compounds from ores or scrap by metallurgical processing; preparation of titanium compounds from other titanium compounds see C01G23/00 - C01G23/08 obtaining metallic titanium from titanium compounds by dissociation, e.g. thermic dissociation of titanium tetraiodide, or by electrolysis or with the use of an electric arc
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a metal chloride containing TiCl, which is treated with Ca to reduce metal Ti or a Ti alloy.
- the present invention relates to a method for producing Ti or a Ti alloy by reducing Ca to be produced.
- metal Ti is produced through a reduction step and a vacuum separation step.
- TiCl which is the raw material of Ti, is reduced by Mg in the reaction vessel and sponge-like.
- Metal Ti is produced.
- sponge-like unreacted metal T produced in the reaction vessel and MgCl as a by-product are removed.
- TiCl is reduced by Mg to form particulate metal Ti.
- Generated metal Ti is successively below
- the specific gravity of 22 is larger than the specific gravity of molten Mg. Due to this difference in specific gravity, the by-product molten MgCl
- Unreacted product gases such as 4 4 3 (these are unreacted gases and ⁇ ⁇ ) are discharged out of the reaction vessel. Further, the generation of unreacted gas must be avoided because it involves a sharp rise in the internal pressure of the container. For these reasons, there is a limit to the supply rate of TiCl, which is a Ti raw material.
- Ti is generated in the form of particles near the liquid surface and settles.
- the generated Ti powder settles in an agglomerated state, and during settling, sinters due to the temperature of the melt, grows grains, and is collected outside the reaction vessel. It is difficult. For this reason, continuous production is difficult and productivity is hindered. This is exactly why Ti is produced in a reaction vessel as titanium sponge by the notch method.
- Suitable for 24 agents Particularly, in the method described in US Pat. No. 4,820,339, Ca is used by dissolving it in molten CaCl. Utilizing Ca reduction reaction in molten CaCl
- the reaction field is widened, the heat generation area is widened, and cooling is easy, the feed rate of Ti C1, which is a raw material of Ti, can be greatly increased, and a significant improvement in productivity can be expected.
- Still another Ti production method is the Olson method described in US Patent No. 2,845,386. This is an oxide that directly reduces TiO with Ca without passing through TiCl
- An object of the present invention is to provide a method for economically producing high-purity metal Ti or Ti alloy with high efficiency and without using an expensive reducing agent.
- Na and NaCl are less reactive and are much easier to handle than Ca and CaCl.
- CaCl having a melting point of 780 ° C is basically used as a molten salt.
- CaCl NaCl a ternary molten salt such as CaCl NaCl—KC1, etc.
- the melting point of the salt is lowered, and the temperature of the molten salt can be lowered.
- the load on the furnace material is reduced, and the cost of the furnace material can be reduced.
- the evaporation of Ca and salts from the liquid surface can be suppressed.
- Fig. 2 shows the mixing ratio of binary mixed molten salt of CaCl and NaCl.
- the relationship between melting points is shown.
- the melting point of CaCl alone is about 780 ° C. Meanwhile, NaCl
- Melting point alone is over 800 ° C. However, mixing them lowers the melting point, Cools down to about 500 ° C. And, when the mixing ratio of NaCl is in the range of about 20-45%, the melting point of the mixed salt will be below 600 ° C.
- Molten salts are formed, which can cause TiCl by Ca without forming divalent and trivalent chlorides of Ti.
- the present invention has been developed on the basis of vigorous considerations, and is a method for producing Ti or a Ti alloy using a reduction reaction with Ca, comprising CaCl and a solution maintained at 600 ° C. or lower.
- a method for producing Ti or a Ti alloy by reducing Ca comprising: a Ti separation step of separating the Ti or Ti alloy generated in the molten salt by the molten salt force.
- molten CaCl is held in a reaction tank, for example, as a molten salt.
- the melting point of the molten salt is below 600 ° C
- a mixed molten salt with NaCl is used (see FIG. 2).
- Na is added to the molten salt (maintained at a temperature of 600 ° C. or lower)
- Na is replaced by Ca
- the Ca is different from Na in a state of being dissolved in the molten salt (CaCl 2).
- TiCl is added to the molten salt.
- Ti particles 4 Z or granular metal Ti (hereinafter collectively referred to as Ti particles) is generated, and the generated metal Ti is separated by molten salt force. Reduction takes place. [0027] In this way, metal Ti can be reduced and produced extremely economically and efficiently without replenishment of metal Ca and without handling force or Ca alone.
- Ca is inferior in wettability (adhesiveness) to Mg, and Ca adhering to precipitated Ti particles is CaC 1
- the generated Ti can be taken out of the reaction vessel in the form of powder and particles, and a continuous Ti production operation can be performed.
- Na used for generating Ca can be generated by electrolysis (electrolysis step) of a molten salt containing NaCl.
- the electrolytic production of Na is an established technology and is economically superior. Therefore, if the molten salt used for the production of Ti (for example, the molten salt separated from the produced Ti) is to be introduced into the electrolysis process, the molten salt (CaCl), a Ca supply source such as Na is circulated, Ti
- the production of a Ti alloy can be performed more economically.
- the temperature of the molten salt is maintained at over 600 ° C to generate Na. If the temperature of the molten salt in the electrolysis step is 600 ° C. or less, Ca is generated. Another point to be noted in the electrolysis process is to prevent back reaction from returning to NaCl by combining with Na generated on the cathode side and unreacted mixed Na force C1 generated on the anode side. When the back reaction occurs, the electrolytic current is consumed by it, and the current efficiency is reduced.
- Na generated on the cathode side combines with C1 generated on the anode side and returns to NaCl.
- the electrolytic cell is provided with a diaphragm that allows the flow of the molten salt in the cell but prevents the Na generated on the cathode side of the cell from moving to the anode side. It is effective to partition on the cathode side. It is effective to combine this diaphragm with the unidirectional flow of the molten salt from the anode side to the cathode side in the reaction tank.
- unreacted Ca contained in the molten salt may be mixed into the electrolysis step.
- unreacted Ca enters the electrolysis process (above 600 ° C)
- the Ca returns to Na and combines with C1 generated on the anode side to form NaCl.
- a back reaction occurs.
- it is effective to raise the temperature outside the electrolytic bath to above 600 ° C. before introducing the molten salt used for the production of Ti into the electrolytic bath.
- the unreacted molten metal in the molten salt is replaced by Ca, which is soluble in the molten salt, by Na, which is hardly soluble in the molten salt, and the Na can be separated and removed.
- the molten salt is introduced into the electrolytic cell after the separation and removal of Na, the incorporation of unreacted Na and the back reaction due to this are prevented.
- TiCl is directly supplied into the molten salt in a gaseous state.
- TiCl solution can be supplied, and TiCl liquid or gas is supplied to the liquid level of the molten salt.
- TiCl liquid is supplied to the liquid surface of molten Mg liquid.
- TiCl gas could be supplied into the molten Mg solution to expand the reaction field.
- the Ca reduction method of TiCl is used when supplying TiCl gas into the molten salt.
- Blockage of the supply nozzle hardly occurs. This makes it possible to supply TiCl gas into the molten salt.
- the handling of Ti particles generated in the molten salt it is possible to separate the Ti particles from the molten salt in the reaction tank, but in that case, the operating power is the S batch method.
- Ti particles can be easily separated from the molten salt by squeezing by mechanical compression.
- TiCl is another metal chloride
- Ti alloy particles can be produced by this method.
- the average particle size is preferably 0.5 to 50 ⁇ m. This is because Ti or Ti alloy produced at this grain size can be made to flow together with the molten salt, and is easily taken out of the reaction tank. In other words, it is difficult to separate the molten salt from Ti or Ti alloy below 0. It is difficult to remove Ti or Ti alloy from the tank together with the molten salt.
- the Ca concentration in the molten salt used in the Ti producing step is effective to control the Ca concentration in the molten salt used in the Ti producing step to 0.01% or more. If the Ca concentration is less than 0.01%, divalent and trivalent chlorides of Ti are generated without generating Ti, and Ti generation efficiency is reduced.
- the upper limit of the Ca concentration is determined by the composition and temperature of the molten salt. A particularly preferred range of the Ca concentration is 0.3% or more. With this concentration, even if a local decrease in the Ca concentration occurs, Ti is stably generated, and the generation of Ti and the trivalent Ti chloride do not cause a reduction in the Ti generation efficiency.
- FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a metal Ti manufacturing apparatus showing one embodiment of the present invention.
- Fig. 2 is a graph showing the relationship between the mixing ratio and melting point of a mixed molten salt of CaCl and NaCl.
- FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a metal Ti production apparatus showing one embodiment of the present invention.
- a reaction tank 1 that generates Ti by introducing Na, a separation tank 2 that separates the generated Ti, and an electrolytic tank 3 that generates Na are used.
- the reaction tank 1 holds a mixed molten salt of CaCl and NaCl as a molten salt.
- reaction tank 1 The inside of the reaction tank 1 is separated by a partition wall 4 leaving a bottom on the Na introduction side and the raw material introduction side.
- reaction vessel 1 molten Na is introduced into the Na introduction side of the vessel, and gaseous TiCl as a Ti raw material is dispersed and injected into the molten salt on the raw material introduction side. Temperature of molten salt is 600 ° C or less
- Equation (2) The Ca dissolves in the molten salt to form CaCl with highly reactive Ca dissolved
- the Ti particles collected at the bottom on the raw material introduction side in the reaction tank 1 are sequentially extracted from the reaction tank 1 together with the molten salt present at the bottom, and introduced into the separation tank 2.
- Ti particles extracted together with the molten salt from the reaction tank 1 are separated from the molten salt. Specifically, the Ti particles are compressed to squeeze out the molten salt. The obtained Ti particles are melted to form a Ti ingot.
- the temperature of the molten salt in the tank is maintained at more than 600 ° C.
- the molten salt extracted from the reaction tank 1 is used and contains a small amount of unreacted Ca although Ca is consumed.
- unreacted Ca is replaced by Na which is hardly dissolved in the molten salt, and Na is floated and separated on the molten salt (chemical formula ( 3)).
- the molten salt from which the Ti particles and Na have been separated is introduced into electrolytic cell 3.
- the molten salt power is maintained at a temperature higher than 600 ° C. at which Na is generated, whereby Na is electrolytically produced from NaCl in the molten salt. That is, NaCl in the molten salt is electrolyzed between the anode 5 and the cathode 6, C1 gas is generated on the anode 5 side, and Na is generated on the cathode 6 side.
- the inside of the electrolytic cell 3 is separated by a diaphragm 7 into an anode side and a cathode side.
- the molten salt from the separation tank 2 is introduced to the anode side in the electrolytic tank 3.
- the diaphragm 7 prevents the Na generated on the side of the cathode 6 from moving to the side of the anode 5 while allowing the molten salt to flow from the anode side to the cathode side.
- the unreacted Ca in the molten salt is removed together with the Ti particles in the separation tank 2 in the form of Na to remove the molten salt internal force. Therefore, back reaction due to unreacted Na entering the anode side in the electrolytic cell 3 and a decrease in current efficiency due to the back reaction are prevented.
- the separation tank 2 here is configured to serve both as a Ti separation step and a Na separation step.
- the Na separated from the molten salt in the separation tank 2 is returned to the Na introduction side in the reaction tank 1, where it is returned to Ca by controlling the temperature to 600 ° C or less and reused in the reduction reaction.
- the CI gas generated on the anode side in the electrolytic cell 3 is sent to the salting step 8.
- step 8 TiO is subjected to salting together with C to produce TiCl, which is a raw material of Ti. Generated
- TiCl is introduced into the reaction tank 1 and is circulated and used to generate Ti particles by Ca reduction.
- CO is emitted outside the system.
- Ti particles are generated in the reaction tank 1 by reduction of dissolved Ca in the molten salt.
- Ca consumed by the generation of Ti particles is replenished into the reaction tank 1 in the form of Na, which is easy to handle. Therefore, high-quality Ti particles can be continuously and economically produced by reducing Ca without replenishing or removing solid Ca.
- the Na is produced by electrolyzing a used molten salt in the electrolytic cell 3 and is used in a circulating manner, it does not even require external replenishment of Na. Therefore, economic efficiency is particularly excellent.
- the temperature of the molten salt is maintained at a low temperature of 600 ° C or less, so that the life of the furnace material is extended and the cost of the furnace material can be reduced.
- Ca is more reactive than Mg, and when mass-producing Ti or Ti alloy, the development of furnace materials that can withstand Ca for a long time is an important technical issue. As the temperature drops and the load on the furnace material is reduced, significant progress can be expected in resolving this issue.
- the temperature of the molten salt in the separation tank 2 can be naturally set to 600 ° C or lower, which is the same as that in the reaction tank 1.
- the upper limit temperature is desirably 800 ° C or less in terms of the thermal efficiency and the durability of the furnace material.
- the lower limit temperature is the melting point of the salt used, and the melting point + 20 ° C is particularly preferable in consideration of the temperature distribution in the bath.
- the method for producing Ti or Ti alloy by Ca reduction of the present invention is a method for reducing TiCl.
- V generates Ca from Na, which is easy to produce, and dissolves it in the molten salt.Therefore, it is not necessary to replenish expensive metal Ca, handle strongly reactive! /, And handle Ca alone. .
- the method for producing Ti or Ti alloy of the present invention can be effectively used as a means for efficiently and economically producing high-purity metal Ti or Ti alloy.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
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- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP04792287A EP1736557A4 (en) | 2004-03-01 | 2004-10-13 | PROCESS FOR PREPARING TI OR TI ALLOYATION BY CA REDUCTION |
US10/590,863 US20070295167A1 (en) | 2004-03-01 | 2004-10-13 | Method for Producing Ti or Ti Alloy Through Reduction by Ca |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2004056245A JP4347089B2 (ja) | 2004-03-01 | 2004-03-01 | Ca還元によるTi又はTi合金の製造方法 |
JP2004-056245 | 2004-03-01 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2005083135A1 true WO2005083135A1 (ja) | 2005-09-09 |
Family
ID=34908902
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2004/015043 WO2005083135A1 (ja) | 2004-03-01 | 2004-10-13 | Ca還元によるTi又はTi合金の製造方法 |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20070295167A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1736557A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4347089B2 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2005083135A1 (ja) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102528004A (zh) * | 2012-02-23 | 2012-07-04 | 西北工业大学 | 过冷in718高温合金净化剂及其制备方法 |
Families Citing this family (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP4193984B2 (ja) * | 2003-08-28 | 2008-12-10 | 株式会社大阪チタニウムテクノロジーズ | 金属製造装置 |
WO2005123986A1 (en) * | 2004-06-22 | 2005-12-29 | Bhp Billiton Innovation Pty Ltd | Electrochemical reduction of metal oxides |
BRPI0512782A (pt) * | 2004-06-28 | 2008-04-08 | Bhp Billiton Innovation Pty | método para produzir metal de titánio e produtos de metal de titánio semi-acabados ou prontos para o uso |
JP2007084847A (ja) * | 2005-09-20 | 2007-04-05 | Sumitomo Titanium Corp | Tiの製造方法および装置 |
CN103409774A (zh) * | 2013-07-09 | 2013-11-27 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七二五研究所 | 一种在熔盐中利用脉冲电源制备钛或钛合金的方法 |
CN105658582B (zh) | 2013-08-19 | 2019-04-19 | 犹他大学研究基金会 | 制备钛产品 |
JP6795809B2 (ja) * | 2016-07-14 | 2020-12-02 | 野村興産株式会社 | ナトリウムの製造方法 |
CN106191929B (zh) * | 2016-09-07 | 2018-06-05 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 | 从钛电解阴极产物中分离金属钛的方法 |
CN108546964B (zh) * | 2018-05-29 | 2019-12-24 | 钢研晟华科技股份有限公司 | 一种金属钛的制备装置以及制备方法 |
US10907239B1 (en) | 2020-03-16 | 2021-02-02 | University Of Utah Research Foundation | Methods of producing a titanium alloy product |
Citations (6)
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---|---|---|---|---|
US4487677A (en) * | 1983-04-11 | 1984-12-11 | Metals Production Research, Inc. | Electrolytic recovery system for obtaining titanium metal from its ore |
WO1986007097A1 (en) * | 1985-05-27 | 1986-12-04 | The University Of Melbourne | Metal halide reduction with molten sodium/potassium alloy |
JPS6447823A (en) * | 1987-08-17 | 1989-02-22 | Toho Titanium Co Ltd | Production of metallic titanium |
WO1996004407A1 (en) * | 1994-08-01 | 1996-02-15 | Kroftt-Brakston International, Inc. | Method of making metals and other elements |
JP2001192748A (ja) * | 2000-01-07 | 2001-07-17 | Nkk Corp | 金属チタンの製造方法および装置 |
WO2003038156A1 (fr) * | 2001-10-17 | 2003-05-08 | Nippon Light Metal Company, Ltd., | Procede et appareil de fusion de metal de titane |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2205854A (en) * | 1937-07-10 | 1940-06-25 | Kroll Wilhelm | Method for manufacturing titanium and alloys thereof |
US2845386A (en) * | 1954-03-16 | 1958-07-29 | Du Pont | Production of metals |
US2794733A (en) * | 1954-05-03 | 1957-06-04 | Metal Hydrides Inc | Method for preparing calcium |
US2890112A (en) * | 1954-10-15 | 1959-06-09 | Du Pont | Method of producing titanium metal |
FR2582019B1 (fr) * | 1985-05-17 | 1987-06-26 | Extramet Sa | Procede pour la production de metaux par reduction de sels metalliques, metaux ainsi obtenus et dispositif pour sa mise en oeuvre |
US6409797B2 (en) * | 1994-08-01 | 2002-06-25 | International Titanium Powder Llc | Method of making metals and other elements from the halide vapor of the metal |
-
2004
- 2004-03-01 JP JP2004056245A patent/JP4347089B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-10-13 EP EP04792287A patent/EP1736557A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2004-10-13 WO PCT/JP2004/015043 patent/WO2005083135A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2004-10-13 US US10/590,863 patent/US20070295167A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4487677A (en) * | 1983-04-11 | 1984-12-11 | Metals Production Research, Inc. | Electrolytic recovery system for obtaining titanium metal from its ore |
WO1986007097A1 (en) * | 1985-05-27 | 1986-12-04 | The University Of Melbourne | Metal halide reduction with molten sodium/potassium alloy |
JPS6447823A (en) * | 1987-08-17 | 1989-02-22 | Toho Titanium Co Ltd | Production of metallic titanium |
WO1996004407A1 (en) * | 1994-08-01 | 1996-02-15 | Kroftt-Brakston International, Inc. | Method of making metals and other elements |
JP2001192748A (ja) * | 2000-01-07 | 2001-07-17 | Nkk Corp | 金属チタンの製造方法および装置 |
WO2003038156A1 (fr) * | 2001-10-17 | 2003-05-08 | Nippon Light Metal Company, Ltd., | Procede et appareil de fusion de metal de titane |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
---|
MARTINEZ A.M. ET AL.: "A chemical and electrochemical study of titanium ions in the molten equimolar CaCl2+NaCla mixture at 550°C", JOURNAL OF ELECTROANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY, vol. 449, 1998, pages 67 - 80, XP002984225 * |
See also references of EP1736557A4 * |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102528004A (zh) * | 2012-02-23 | 2012-07-04 | 西北工业大学 | 过冷in718高温合金净化剂及其制备方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1736557A4 (en) | 2008-06-25 |
JP4347089B2 (ja) | 2009-10-21 |
US20070295167A1 (en) | 2007-12-27 |
JP2005248200A (ja) | 2005-09-15 |
EP1736557A1 (en) | 2006-12-27 |
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