WO2005080296A1

WO2005080296A1 - Compost, and method and apparatus for producing the same

Info

Publication number: WO2005080296A1
Application number: PCT/JP2004/002090
Authority: WO
Inventors: Kazutoshi Noguchi
Original assignee: Kazutoshi Noguchi
Priority date: 2004-02-23
Filing date: 2004-02-23
Publication date: 2005-09-01
Also published as: CN1705625A

Abstract

An apparatus (A) for producing a compost which comprises a feces and urine supplying device (6), a wallastonite supplying device (7), a conc. sulfuric acid supplying device (8), a feces and urine agitating device (1, 1a), a feces and urine reactor (2) for mixing a mixture from the feces and urine agitating device (1, 1a) with sulfuric acid supplied from a tank, a fowl droppings reactor (3) for mixing and agitating fowl droppings and a wallastonite supplied from a tank and further mixing and agitating the resultant mixture with sulfuric acid, to react them, and a fermentation device for adding an effective microbe to respective mixtures formed by the mixing and agitation in the feces and urine reactor (2) and the fowl droppings reactor (3). The apparatus can be used for reacting feces and urine of a pig or a human being or the like with wallastonite and conc. sulfuric acid, to convert them to a solid or a particulate material and reduce a bad odor, and further for achieving with sure their fermentation by a microbe, i.e. their conversion to a compost also in a practical and large scale case.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a compost, and a method and apparatus for producing the same.

The present invention relates to compost, and a method and apparatus for producing the same. More specifically, in producing compost obtained by mixing wollastonite containing silicon with swine manure or human manure, fermentation by effective microorganisms, that is, composting is ensured. About. Background art

It is well known that silicon (Si) accumulates in the cell walls of many plants and is one of the important elements for plants.

In Okibashi prefecture where the present inventor lives, the yield of sugarcane is decreasing year by year. This is not only because the soil is contaminated with chemical fertilizers and herbicides, but also because a large amount of silicon flows out of the soil together with other trace elements and is taken out by crops, and is lacking in the soil. This is probably due to the overall decline in ground strength. -In fact, in facilities such as poilers that use sugarcane slag as fuel, a large amount of white keic acid adheres to the inside of the combustion furnace, so that removal work is required. From this, it is easy to imagine that the amount of silicon taken out of soil by crops is not negligible. Even if crops are grown on such soils with reduced soil strength, the stems will not grow thicker and the leaves will not grow, so sufficient harvest will not be obtained.

However, the lack of silicon in the soil means that if the inorganic silicon is simply mixed into the soil, for example, in the form of powdered kieselguhr, the crop will absorb enough. I can't. In order for the crop to absorb gays, it must have ionized gays present in the soil. The present inventor has been conducting research for many years to achieve this. By mixing silicon and organic matter, and further reacting with concentrated sulfuric acid, silicon ionization can be promoted, and it has been experimentally found that composting this with fertilizer is effective in restoring the soil strength. By the way, the number of pigs bred in Okibashi is large, and the treatment of pig manure is a major problem. Pig manure is an organic matter, and the present inventors have paid attention to this pig manure.

Although various methods have been proposed and implemented to treat manure, methods for obtaining organic fertilizer using wollastonite containing silicon have already been proposed ( Patent Document 1). According to the method for producing an organic fertilizer described in Patent Document 1, waste liquid such as animal waste having a high water content is mixed with natural wollastonite and sulfuric acid. The solidification or granulation can be performed in a very short time (or instantly) by the reaction, the odor is improved, and most of the germs are killed by the heat of the reaction. Can also be made easier.

The present inventor has confirmed whether or not compost can be formed by the method for producing an organic fertilizer described in Patent Document 1 using pig manure or human manure, and it is effective at least at a practical level for processing a large amount of manure. It was found that fermentation did not occur even after the addition of microorganisms for four months and compost could not be made.

Thus, the present inventor has conducted a number of experiments for fermentation, and as a result, has found that if chicken manure is added, fermentation can also be achieved by the above method. Although the reason is not clear, it seems that the components of chicken dung are involved in the fermentation activity of effective microorganisms.

The present invention has been completed based on this finding.

(Object of the present invention)

An object of the present invention is to provide a compost capable of growing a high-quality crop and increasing the yield by improving the soil fertility. Another object of the present invention is to produce a compost by solidifying or granulating manure having a high water content in a very short time by a reaction between wollastonite and sulfuric acid, improving odor and improving effective microorganisms. An object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing compost that can surely perform fermentation, that is, composting at a practical level with a large amount of treatment.

Another object of the present invention is to produce a compost, solidify or granulate manure having a high water content in a very short time by the reaction of wollastonite and sulfuric acid, improve the odor, and improve the odor. An object of the present invention is to provide a compost manufacturing apparatus capable of reliably performing fermentation, that is, composting even at a practical level where a large amount of processing is performed. Disclosure of the invention

Means of the present invention taken to achieve the above object are as follows.

In the first invention,

Wollastonite is mixed with pig manure or human manure, then mixed with concentrated sulfuric acid and allowed to react to solidify or granulate.Wollastonite is mixed with chicken manure and then concentrated sulfuric acid is mixed and reacted to solidify or granulate. A compost characterized by being obtained by mixing granulated products and fermenting the mixture by adding an effective microorganism as a culture medium. In the second invention,

Wollastonite is mixed with pig manure or human manure, then concentrated sulfuric acid is mixed and allowed to react, and then solidified or granulated.Wollastonite is mixed with chicken manure, and then concentrated sulfuric acid is mixed and reacted. A method for producing compost, comprising mixing and solidifying or granulating the mixture, and using the mixture as a medium to ferment by adding effective microorganisms.

In the third invention,

100 to 25 parts by weight of pig manure or human manure is mixed with 10 to 25 parts by weight of wollastonite, and then 5 to 15 parts by weight of concentrated sulfuric acid is mixed and reacted to solidify or granulate. 100 parts by weight of the mixture, wollastonite was mixed with chicken dung, and then concentrated sulfuric acid was mixed and reacted to solidify or granulate, and then mixed at least 15 parts by weight. And a fermentation method, wherein the fermentation is performed by fermentation.

In the fourth invention,

Characterized in that one or more selected from zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn), molybdenum (Mo), magnesium (Mg), copper (Cu), and iron (Fe) are added. This is a method for producing compost according to the second or third invention.

In the fifth invention,

A manure supply device for supplying pig manure or human manure,

A wollastonite supply device for supplying wollastonite;

A concentrated sulfuric acid supply device for supplying concentrated sulfuric acid,

A manure mixing device that mixes and stirs the supplied swine manure or human manure and wollastonite,

Mixing with a manure stirring device ・ A manure reactor that mixes the stirred mixture and the supplied concentrated sulfuric acid

A chicken manure reactor which mixes and stirs chicken manure and wollastonite, further mixes concentrated sulfuric acid with the mixture, stirs and reacts;

A fermentation device for fermenting a mixture of the manure reactor and chicken manure reactor obtained by adding effective microorganisms to the mixture;

A compost manufacturing device, comprising:

In the sixth invention,

The manure reactor is equipped with a screw conveyer that conveys the mixture of the mixed and stirred mixture and concentrated sulfuric acid while stirring, and the part for mixing the concentrated sulfuric acid is on the transfer base side or the transfer base side of the screw conveyer. A compost production apparatus according to a fifth aspect of the present invention, which is provided on a feed route for a mixture that communicates with the compost.

In the seventh invention The wollastonite supply device communicates with at least a plurality of manure stirring devices provided to selectively supply wollastonite to each manure stirring device, and the odor in the manure stirring device leaks to the outside from a portion where the wollastonite is supplied. A compost manufacturing apparatus according to the fifth or sixth invention, characterized in that the apparatus has a dispensing device that is not provided. Wollastonite (Wal l as toni te: Kei calcium: CaSi0 ₃₎ may be of may be the ones natural synthetic.

The mixing ratio of wollastonite is 100 to 25 parts by weight, preferably 15 to 18 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of pig manure or human manure. Similarly, the mixing ratio of concentrated sulfuric acid is 5 to 15 parts by weight, preferably 8 to 10 parts by weight. If wollastonite is less than 10 parts by weight or concentrated sulfuric acid is less than 5 parts by weight, solidification or granulation will not be sufficiently performed, the reaction temperature will be low, and various bacteria will remain.

Even if wollastonite exceeds 25 parts by weight or concentrated sulfuric acid exceeds 15 parts by weight, there is almost no difference in the degree of solidification or granulation and the reaction temperature. become. On the other hand, if the wollastonite exceeds 25 parts by weight, it becomes too hard and the treatment becomes difficult.

Furthermore, the mixing ratio of chicken manure mixed with wollastonite and concentrated sulfuric acid and solidified or granulated by mixing is more than 15 parts by weight, but if it is less than 15 parts by weight, fermentation will occur even if active microorganisms are added. Is not done enough.

The mixing ratio of wollastonite is 5 to 12 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of chicken dung. 110 parts by weight. Similarly, the mixing ratio of concentrated sulfuric acid is 3 to 8 parts by weight, preferably 5 to 6 parts by weight.

If the wollastonite is less than 5 parts by weight or concentrated sulfuric acid is less than 3 parts by weight, solidification or granulation will not be performed sufficiently, the reaction temperature will be low, and various bacteria will remain.

Even if the amount of wollastonite exceeds 12 parts by weight or the concentration of concentrated sulfuric acid exceeds 8 parts by weight, there is almost no difference in the degree of solidification or granulation and the reaction temperature. Become. In addition, wollastonite exceeds 12 parts by weight If it becomes too hard, it becomes difficult to process.

Effective microorganisms (fermenting bacteria) that ferment the mixture include aerobic and anaerobic microorganisms, such as lactic acid bacteria (such as bifidobacteria), yeasts (such as Aspergillus), photosynthetic bacteria (such as Chlorella), and fermentation systems. , And Gram-positive actinomycetes, but are not limited thereto.

(Operation)

The present invention operates as follows.

Store an appropriate amount of pig manure or human manure and chicken manure in a reservoir such as a tank. Also, ゥ Store an appropriate amount of orastonite and concentrated sulfuric acid in storage units such as tanks. And, for example, an appropriate amount of zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn), molybdenum (Mo), magnesium (Mg), copper (Cu), and iron (Fe) selected from wollastonite Is added. Pig manure or human manure is fed or fed into the manure stirring device. When an appropriate amount is stored in the manure stirring device, wollastonite is blended in a predetermined ratio and mixed and stirred. Mix with a manure stirring device • Mix the stirred mixture with concentrated sulfuric acid and stir and react in a manure reactor.

This reaction (reaction between wollastonite and concentrated sulfuric acid) solidifies or granulates the mixture in a very short time, and at the same time, improves the odor peculiar to manure. In addition, heat of reaction is generated, the temperature of the mixture becomes 75 to 85 ° C, and almost all germs including harmful bacteria such as pathogenic bacteria existing in the mixture are killed.

On the other hand, poultry manure is fed or fed to the poultry manure reactor. When chicken manure is stored in an appropriate amount in the chicken manure reactor, wollastonite is blended in a predetermined ratio, mixed and stirred.

Further, concentrated sulfuric acid is mixed with the mixture, and the mixture is stirred and reacted in a chicken manure reactor. By this reaction, the mixture solidifies or granulates as in the case of pig manure and human manure, the odor is improved, and the heat of reaction kills various bacteria.

When the mixture made from pig manure or human manure and the mixture made from chicken manure are cooled to an appropriate temperature (a temperature at which effective microorganisms can breed), they are mixed, and the active microorganisms are added to the mixture for a predetermined period by a fermenter. Ferment and compost. In addition, mixed After cooling, it may be cooled.

Since each mixture contains almost no germs including harmful bacteria such as pathogenic bacteria, the added effective microorganisms are sufficiently activated, and high-quality compost can be efficiently produced. The mixed product is transported to the fermenter using various conveyors such as a screw conveyor or belt conveyor, or transporting containers such as transport containers using an overhead crane. Done.

It is equipped with a screw conveyor that transports a mixture of the stirred mixture and concentrated sulfuric acid while agitating the mixture.The part where concentrated sulfuric acid is mixed is the feed base of the screw conveyer or the mixture that passes to the transfer base side. According to the manure reactor provided in the passage, almost no pressure such as injection pressure is required for mixing the concentrated sulfuric acid, so that the apparatus can be simplified.

In other words, the feed path of the mixture leading to the transfer base side or the transfer base side of the screw conveyer is a part where the mixture becomes negative pressure due to the continuous movement of the mixture to the rear part (discharge side) by the rotation of the screw. It is. For this reason, concentrated sulfuric acid is efficiently mixed as if sucked.

Furthermore, since the concentrated sulfuric acid is mixed at the transport base (front portion) of the screw conveyer, the mixture is sufficiently stirred before being sent to the rear portion (outlet side) of the transporter. Although wollastonite and concentrated sulfuric acid react relatively quickly, solidification and granulation can be achieved almost uniformly overall. This enables efficient compost production. At least a plurality of manure stirring devices are provided, and a dispensing device that selectively supplies wollastonite to each manure stirring device and prevents the odor in the manure stirring device from leaking from the supply portion to the outside. For example, for example, when one manure stirring device is performing a stirring process or the like, manure and wollastonite can be supplied to the other manure stirring device to prepare for the next operation. This will enable efficient compost production. In addition, pig manure and human manure can be effectively treated.

In addition, since the odor of raw pig manure and human manure does not substantially leak to the outside, it is possible to prevent the working environment from being deteriorated due to the bad odor and to trouble the surrounding area. Brief Description of Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view showing an embodiment of a compost production device according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a schematic side view showing an embodiment of a compost production device,

FIG. 3 is a front cross-sectional explanatory view showing the structure of the manure stirring device,

FIG. 4 is an explanatory plan view illustrating the structure of the manure stirring device.

FIG. 5 is a side view explanatory view showing the structure of the manure stirring device.

FIG. 6 is a partial sectional view taken along the line A--A in FIG.

FIG. 7 is a partial cross-sectional explanatory view of a rotary one-valve device for selectively charging wollastonite to two manure stirring devices,

FIG. 8 is a sectional explanatory view showing the structure of the manure reactor,

FIG. 9 is an explanatory front sectional view showing the structure of the chicken dung reactor.

FIG. 10 is an explanatory plan sectional view showing the structure of the chicken manure reactor,

FIG. 11 is a side cross-sectional explanatory view showing the structure of the chicken manure reactor,

FIG. 12 is an explanatory view showing an opening and closing structure of a take-out lid of a chicken manure reactor, and FIG. 13 is a plan view schematically showing a compost production plant according to the present invention. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

The present invention will be described in more detail based on the embodiments shown in the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view showing an embodiment of a compost production apparatus according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a schematic side view showing an embodiment of the compost production apparatus.

The fermentation device 4 constituting the compost production device is shown in FIG. 13 for convenience.

In FIGS. 1 and 2, the manure reactor 2 is shown outside the frame 9 for convenience. In FIG. 2, the illustration of a part of the wollastonite supply device 7 and the concentrated sulfuric acid supply device 8 is omitted.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory front sectional view showing the structure of the manure stirring device,

FIG. 4 is an explanatory plan view showing the structure of the manure stirring device,

FIG. 5 is a side view explanatory view showing the structure of the manure stirring device, FIG. 6 is a partial sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG.

Fig. 7 is a partial cross-sectional explanatory view of a rotary valve device for selectively charging wollastonite to two manure stirring devices,

FIG. 8 is an explanatory sectional view showing the structure of the manure reactor.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory front sectional view showing the structure of the chicken manure reactor,

FIG. 10 is an explanatory cross-sectional plan view showing the structure of a chicken dung reactor,

FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional side view explanatory view showing the structure of a chicken dung reactor,

FIG. 12 is an explanatory view showing the opening and closing structure of the take-out lid of the chicken manure reactor.

FIG. 13 is a plan view schematically showing a compost production plant including the compost production apparatus according to the present embodiment.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the compost manufacturing apparatus A according to the present embodiment includes a manure supply device 6, a wollastonite supply device 7, a concentrated sulfuric acid supply device 8, and manure (pig manure or human manure). Manure stirrer 1, la, manure stirrer 1, mixed with wollastonite, mixed with the manure stirrer 1, 1a Mix the stirred mixture and concentrated sulfuric acid supplied from the tank, and mix and stir the manure reactor 2, Chicken manure and wollastonite supplied from the tank are mixed and agitated, and the mixture is further mixed and stirred with concentrated sulfuric acid.The mixture is stirred and mixed in chicken manure reactor 3, manure reactor 2 and chicken manure reactor 3, respectively. A fermentation device 4 (see Fig. 13) for adding active microorganisms to the mixture and fermenting the mixture.

The above components of the compost manufacturing device A are mainly made of stainless steel or other hardly corrosive metal or metal which has been subjected to a corrosion-resistant treatment so as to be hardly corroded. Other materials can be used in combination.

(Feces stirring device 1, 1a)

Refer mainly to FIGS.

The manure stirring device 1, 1 a is provided at the upper part on the inner side of the frame 9. Manure is supplied from the manure supply device 6 to the manure stirring device 1 and la, and wollastonite is supplied from the wollastonite supply device 7. The manure supply device 6 and the wollastonite supply device 7 (both shown in FIG. 1) will be described later. The frame 9 has struts 90 at four corners, and the struts 90 are vertically and horizontally connected by connecting members 91, and a bottom plate 94 is provided at the bottom. At the upper end of each support 90, a work scaffold 92 is provided so as to surround each support 90. A handrail 93 is provided around the work scaffold 92.

Each of the manure stirring devices 1 and 1a has a stirring tank 10 and a stirrer 12 provided in the stirring tank 10.

Each of the stirring tanks 10 is fixed to the upper connecting member 91 and arranged side by side at the same height. Since the manure stirring devices 1 and 1a have almost the same structure, the detailed structure will be described with reference to the manure stirring device 1 shown in FIG. Further, each part of the manure stirring device 1a is denoted by the same reference numeral as each part of the manure stirring device 1.

The stirring tank 10 is a cylindrical tank whose upper and lower parts are essentially sealed (excluding the respective inlets and outlets).

Inside the top plate 101 of the stirring tank 10 (on the other side of the stirring tank 10), there is an inlet pipe 10 for connecting a later-described connecting pipe 112 for supplying wollastonite to the inside of the tank. Two are provided. On the opposite side, a hatch 103 that can be opened and closed for viewing the inside of the tank or performing maintenance is provided.

At the center of the upper surface plate 101, an attachment pipe 104 for installing a stirrer 12, which will be described later, is provided.

A discharge pipe 106 is provided at the center of the bottom plate 105 of the stirring tank 100, and a feed pipe 108 is connected to the discharge pipe 106 via a valve 107. ing. The feed pipe 108 is connected to and joined to the feed pipe 108 of the other manure stirring device 1a, and is connected to the manure reactor 2 described later by the feed pipe 109. The stirrer 12 has a motor 120. The motor 120 is fixed to the mounting tube 104, and its rotating shaft 121 extends downward and vertically. The lower end of the rotating shaft 12 1 is located slightly above the bottom plate 105. At the lower end of the rotating shaft 122, a four-blade stirring screw 122 is provided. In addition, a cylindrical stirring control body 123 is provided outside the stirring screw 122 so as to surround the stirring screw 122. The stirring screw 122 is located on the lower side of the stirring control body 123, and its tip is spaced so as not to contact the stirring control body 123. The stirring control body 123 is fixed to the side plate 110 of the stirring tank 10 by means of a stay 111.

In addition, since the stirring screw 122 rotates so as to send manure upward, it is desirable that the height of the stirring screw 122 be positioned below in order to improve the stirring efficiency. However, the height is not limited.

According to the stirring control body 123, the flow of manure during the stirring is unlikely to interfere with each other between the inside and the outside with respect to the side wall of the stirring control body 123, and the inside flow is directed upward, Outer flow is downward. That is, unlike the case where the stirring control body 123 is not provided, the entire excrement does not turn due to the rotation of the stirring screw 122, and there is an advantage that the stirring is reliably performed.

Refer to FIG.

The manure supply device 6 has a closed manure tank 60. Between the manure tank 60 and each of the stirring tanks 10, a feed pipe 61 for feeding manure inside the manure tank 60 to each of the stirring tanks 10 is provided. A pump (not shown) is provided in the path of the feed pipe 61. Further, the odor inside the manure tank 60 passes through a feed pipe 65 having a blower 65 and is sent to a bottom of a fermenter 40 of a fermentation apparatus 4 described later.

In addition, each stirring tank 10 side of the feed pipe 61 is branched through a switching pulp 62, and the branched feed pipes 63 and 64 are respectively guided to the upper part of each stirring tank 10. Has been entered.

The wollastonite supply device 7 has a sealed wollastonite tank 70 and a dispensing device 72 provided above the stirring tank 10.

The lower part of the wollastonite tank 70 is formed in a funnel shape to facilitate the discharge of wollastonite. Installed at the bottom of the wollastonite tank 70 The discharge section is connected to a feed conveyor 71 for feeding powdery wollastonite. The end of the feed conveyor 71 is introduced into the dispenser 72. It is necessary to mix a predetermined amount of wollastonite with the amount of manure used (the amount stored in the mixing tank 10). For this reason, the wollastonite supply device 7 includes a weighing means for measuring the wollastonite to be fed.

As a weighing means, for example, a weight sensor is provided at a portion supporting the wollastonite tank 70 (for example, a leg frame or the like), and the weight of the whole wollastonite tank 70 including wollastonite is measured. A method may be adopted in which the amount of wollastonite supplied is determined and reflected in the control of the supplied amount, but the method is not limited to this.

Further, the wollastonite tank 70 can be provided with a means for preventing a so-called hopper bridge (a phenomenon in which a cavity is formed in the stored material near the discharge port and the discharge becomes difficult). There is no particular limitation on this means, for example, 1. a method in which stored matter is destroyed by vibration with a shake, a method in which air is blown out to break the stored matter by wind pressure, and 3. A plate is provided on the inner surface so as to be able to contact and separate (swing) so as to cover the air outlet, and the plate is moved by the wind pressure of the air and the stored material is broken down by the synergistic action with the wind pressure. Known means can be adopted.

Refer mainly to FIGS.

The dispensing device 72 is provided in a discharge pipe 730 below the cyclone 73 that drops wollastonite downward. Above the cyclone 73, there is a blower 731, which disperses the introduced wollastonite inside.

The dispensing device 72 selectively supplies wollastonite to each of the manure stirring devices 1 and 1a, and prevents the odor in the manure stirring devices 1 and 1a from leaking to the outside from the supply portion. is there.

The dispensing device 72 has a housing 720. The housing 720 has peripheral walls 72 1, 72 2 partially arc-shaped in a front view, and the front side and the rear side are essentially sealed. Chained. Portions other than the peripheral walls 7 2 1 and 7 2 2 constitute an inlet 723 on the upper side and outlets 7 2 4 and 7 2 5 on the lower sides.

The inlet 72 3 is provided with an inlet tube 72 3 a having a slightly narrowed lower side. The upper part of the inlet pipe 7 23 a is connected to the outlet pipe 7 30 of the cyclone 73.

The outlets 724, 725 are provided with discharge pipes 724a, 725a. The discharge pipes 7 24 a and 7 25 a are connected to connecting pipes 1 12, respectively, whose lower sides are bent in a “C” shape. The lower end of the connecting pipe 112 is connected to the inlet pipe 102 of each of the stirring tanks 10 described above.

A switching valve 726 is provided inside the housing 720 so as to be slidably rotatable in contact with the inner surface of the housing 720. The switching valve 7 2 6 has a short valve section 7 2 6 a having the same circumference as the peripheral wall 7 2 1 (or the peripheral wall 7 2 2), a peripheral wall 7 2 1 (or the peripheral wall 7 2 2), and a discharge port 7 2 4 (Or a discharge port 7 25) is provided with a long valve section 7 26 b having a circumference slightly longer than the circumference.

As shown in Fig. 7, the switching valve 726 has an upper half of the long valve portion 726b close to the peripheral wall 722, an approximately half of the lower portion blocking the discharge port 725, and a short valve portion 726. From the state where 26 a is in close contact with the peripheral wall 7 2 1, about half of the upper part of the long valve section 7 2 6 b is in close contact with the peripheral wall 7 2 1, about the lower part closes the discharge port 7 2 4, and the short valve section It is possible to rotate (rotate) in the circumferential direction until the state in which the 726a is in close contact with the peripheral wall 722.

By the rotation (rotation) of the switching valve 726, the discharge port 724 or the discharge port 725 on the introduction side can be switched.

A rotary valve 727 is provided inside the switching valve 726. The rotary valve 727 has a rotary shaft pipe 727a, and valve plates 727b are provided at five locations on the outer peripheral portion at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. The valve plates 7 2 7 b are provided in the radial direction, and each tip is designed to be able to slide closely on the inner surfaces of the long valve section 7 2 6 b and short valve section 7 2 6 a of the switching valve 7 2 6 .

With this structure, the wollastonite that has fallen between the valve plates 727b at the top can be introduced into the lower stirring tank 10 from the open outlet Ί24 or the outlet 725. In addition, the tip of each valve plate 7 27 b and the inner surface of the long valve portion 7 26 b and the short valve portion 7 26 a Are close together, and no matter which position the valve plate 72 7b rotates and the valve plate 72 7b is in, any one of the valve plates 7 27 b will have a cyclone 73 and a manure stirring device 1, la The ventilation between the stirring tanks 10 is shut off.

Accordingly, since the odor of raw pig manure or human manure does not substantially leak to the outside of each of the stirring tanks 10, it is possible to prevent the working environment from being deteriorated due to the malodor and the surrounding area from being disturbed.

The rotation of the switching valve 726 and the rotation of the rotary valve 727 are controlled by control means (not shown).

(Feces reactor 2)

Refer mainly to FIG. FIG. 8 (a) is an overall explanatory view, and FIG. 8 (b) is a sectional explanatory view showing a connection structure of a branch pipe.

The manure reactor 2 is provided below the manure stirring device 1, la. The manure reactor 2 has a horizontally arranged screw conveyor 20. The screw conveyor 20 has a circular tube 201 and a screw 202, and the screw 202 is driven to rotate by a motor 21. A connection pipe 26 is provided at the tip of the circular pipe 201. Further, the pipe 201 is fixed to the bottom plate 94 by a fixing bracket 25.

An introduction pipe 22 is provided at an upper portion on the base side of the circular pipe 201. A sulfuric acid introduction pipe 23 for introducing concentrated sulfuric acid is connected to an upper part of the introduction pipe 22. The sulfuric acid introduction pipe 23 is connected to a supply pipe 109 provided on the discharge side of the manure stirring device 1, 1 a via a spherical joint 24.

The manure reactor 2 is supplied with concentrated sulfuric acid from a concentrated sulfuric acid supply device 8 (shown in FIG. 1). The concentrated sulfuric acid supply device 8 has a concentrated sulfuric acid tank 80. A feed pipe 81 is provided between the concentrated sulfuric acid tank 80 and the sulfuric acid introduction pipe 23 of the manure reactor 2. In the path of the feed pipe 81, a pump 82 is provided.

The supply pipe 81 is connected to an injection pipe 83 having a leading end branched in two directions. The two branch pipes 8330 of the injection pipe 83 penetrate and pass through two side walls 230 on the diameter line of the sulfuric acid introduction pipe 23. And, on the inner surface side of the side wall 230, the tip of the branch pipe 830 The opening is covered from above with a slight distance, and the lower side (in the feeding direction) is opened, and a baffle plate 231 is fixedly provided (see FIG. 8 (b)).

According to this structure, the pressure of the mixture discharged from any one of the stirring tanks 10 of lane 1 and la fed through the sulfuric acid introduction pipe 23 is applied to the opening of the tip of the branch pipe 830. Since it does not easily work, the injection of concentrated sulfuric acid can be performed smoothly without applying particularly strong pressure. In addition, this makes it possible to simplify the apparatus and eliminate the need for a compressor for applying pressure to the injection of concentrated sulfuric acid, thereby reducing the production cost. The connection pipe 26 at the tip of the manure reactor 2 is connected to the base of the screw conveyor 27. The tip side of the screw conveyer 27 extends obliquely upward and is mounted on the transport container 5 (shown in Figs. 1 and 2) located behind the manure agitator 1, 1a. It can be dropped and housed.

The lower part of the transport container 5 is provided with a dropper (not shown and not shown) that can be opened and closed. When a predetermined amount of the mixture accumulates, the mixture is transported together with the container to a fermenter 40 described later, and is charged from an inlet. Note that the mixture may be allowed to undergo a certain curing period in the transport container 5 before being put into the fermenter 40.

(Poultry manure reactor 3)

Refer mainly to FIG. 9 to FIG. Poultry manure reactor 3 is located behind manure stirring device 1, la (upper side in Fig. 1).

The chicken manure reactor 3 includes a stirrer 30, a wollastonite supply device 31, and a concentrated sulfuric acid supply device 32.

The stirrer 30 has a stirring tank 33 having a required length with a substantially U-shaped cross section in which an upper portion is opened and both ends are closed. The stirring tank 33 is horizontally supported by support members 34 provided at four positions in front, rear, left and right. A lid 35 capable of opening and closing an opening is rotatably attached to one longitudinal edge of the upper portion of the stirring tank 33.

Reference numeral 350 denotes a gas damper that gives resistance to the opening and closing operation of the lid 35 to prevent rapid movement.

At the bottom of the stirring tank 33 in the center in the longitudinal direction, a square outlet 330 is provided. On the outer surface side of the stirring tank 33, there is provided a lid 331 that can open and close the outlet port 330 by sliding. The cover 331 is provided to be curved so as to follow the curved shape around the outlet 330. The lid 331 is provided so as to be slidable in the left-right circumferential direction in FIGS. 11 and 12 along guides 332 provided on both sides of the outlet 3330.

The lid 331 is opened and closed by a hydraulic cylinder 333 (an air cylinder may be employed). The rod head of the hydraulic cylinder 3 33 is rotatably supported by the lid 3 3 1. Also, the cylinder part is rotatably supported by a mounting member 334 fixed to the stirring tank 33. According to this structure, the lid 3331 can be smoothly opened and closed by moving the rod of the hydraulic cylinder 3333 in and out (extend and retract).

A screw stirrer 36 is provided at the inner bottom of the stirring tank 33. The screw stirrer 36 has a screw 361 rotatably supported in the longitudinal direction of the stirring tank 33 via a bearing 360. The screw 361 has two kinds of blades (individual symbols are omitted) having different diameters in the outer peripheral portion and different helical directions. The large-diameter blade is configured to rotate so that the outer peripheral portion thereof is almost in contact with the inner bottom surface of the stirring tank 33.

According to this structure, the processing object can be stirred and moved in the left and right directions in FIGS. 9 and 10 while rotating in one direction, whereby continuous circulation stirring can be performed, and efficient stirring can be performed. The screw 36 1 transfers the driving force of the motor 36 2 attached to the base member 3 35 provided at one end of the stirring tank 33 to the speed reducer 36 3 and the chain sprocket. It is structured to transmit at a slower speed.

The wollastonite supply device 31 has a wollastonite tank 310. At the bottom of the wollastonite tank 310, one end of the screw conveyor 311 is connected so that wollastonite can be taken in. The other end of the screw conveyor 311 is provided in the opening 緣 of the stirring tank 33 along the longitudinal direction. In addition, a plurality of inlets (symbols omitted) are provided on the lower side of the tube (symbols omitted) corresponding to the openings.

The other end of the screw conveyor 3 1 1 is located at the end of the stirring tank 3 3. The screw (not shown) of the section is driven to rotate by a motor 312. The screw shaft and blades are flexible and flexible, and can rotate at the curved part of the tube.

Further, the odor containing the reaction gas and the like inside the stirring tank 33 is sent to the bottom of the fermentation tank 40 of the fermentation apparatus 4 to be described later through the supply pipe 37 having the blower 37. The concentrated sulfuric acid supply device 32 has a concentrated sulfuric acid tank 320 provided next to the wollastonite tank 310. A supply pipe 3221 is provided between the concentrated sulfuric acid tank 320 and one end of the stirring tank 33 (the right side in FIGS. 9 and 10). A pump 322 capable of sending concentrated sulfuric acid is provided in the route of the feed pipe 321. A fixed amount of concentrated sulfuric acid can be sent to the stirring tank 33 by the pump 32.

(Fermentation equipment 4)

See FIG.

As shown in the figure, the fermentation apparatus 4 is provided at a location apart from the manure stirring apparatuses 1 and 1a. The fermenter 4 includes a fermenter 40 and a moving stirrer 41 that reciprocates along the side wall of the fermenter 40 to stir the mixture therein and sends the mixture to the discharge side. In the fermenter 40, the odor sent from the manure tank 60 and the chicken dung reactor 3 is fermented together with the processed material.

The fermentation apparatus 4 having the fermenter 40 and the moving stirring apparatus 41 has a known general structure, and a detailed description thereof will be omitted.

(Operation)

The operation of the compost production apparatus and the compost production plant will be described with reference to FIGS.

An appropriate amount of pig manure or human manure is stored in manure tank 60. Chicken manure is stored in an appropriate amount in a storage section such as a tank if necessary.

An appropriate amount of wollastonite is stored in the wollastonite tank 70, and an appropriate amount of concentrated sulfuric acid is stored in the concentrated sulfuric acid tank 80. Wollastonite contains the right amount (usually small amounts) of zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn), molybdenum (Mo), magnesium (Mg), Add one or more selected copper (Cu) and iron (Fe). This is to supply enough minerals in the compost. Normally, it is preferable to add all of the above types, but it is also possible to add one appropriately selected according to the condition of the soil to be fertilized. In addition, the mixing ratio can be appropriately adjusted and is not particularly limited.

Pig manure or human manure is selectively fed to each of the stirring tanks 10 of the manure stirring devices 1 and 1a. When an appropriate amount is stored in each stirring tank 10, wollastonite is supplied to one stirring tank 10 or the other stirring tank 10 by the dispenser 72 of the wollastonite supply device 7. Wollastonite is mixed at a ratio of 15 parts by weight to 100 parts by weight of manure and mixed and stirred by a stirrer 12.

Mix the mixture with the manure stirring device 1 or 1a and feed the mixed mixture to the manure reactor 2 by opening the valve 107.

The concentrated sulfuric acid supplied by the concentrated sulfuric acid supply device 8 is injected into the sulfuric acid introduction tube 23 of the manure reactor 2 from two opposite sides by the injection tube 83. The concentrated sulfuric acid is blended at a ratio of 8 parts by weight to 100 parts by weight of manure.

The mixture containing the concentrated sulfuric acid is further sent to the screw conveyor 20 and sent to the discharge side while being mixed and stirred by the screw 220 in the circular tube 201.

By mixing and stirring the mixture and concentrated sulfuric acid, the orastonite and concentrated sulfuric acid mixed in the mixture cause a chemical reaction.

By this reaction, the mixture solidifies or granulates in a very short time, and at the same time, the odor peculiar to manure is improved. In addition, heat of reaction is generated, the temperature of the mixture becomes 75 to 85 ° C, and almost all germs including harmful bacteria such as pathogenic bacteria existing in the mixture are killed.

The solidified or granulated mixture is sent to the transport container 5 by the screw conveyor 27 and an appropriate amount is stored. The transport container 5 containing the mixture, after containing the mixture prepared by processing chicken dung as described below, is lifted by a hoist (not shown) movable along the ceiling rail, and transported to the fermenter 40. . Then, by opening the lower drop opening, both mixtures can be dropped into the tank.

On the other hand, an appropriate amount of chicken manure is put into chicken manure reactor 3. Chicken manure stored in chicken manure reactor 3 in appropriate amount Then, the wollastonite supplied by the screw conveyor 311 of the wollastonite supply device 31 is blended in a predetermined ratio, mixed and stirred.

Further, the resulting mixture is mixed with the concentrated sulfuric acid sent from the supply pipe 32 1 of the concentrated sulfuric acid supply device 32, and the mixture is stirred and reacted in the stirring tank 33 of the chicken dung reactor 3. Due to the reaction between wollastonite and concentrated sulfuric acid, the mixture is solidified or granulated as in the case of the above-mentioned swine dung and human dung, the odor is also improved, and the heat of reaction kills various bacteria.

The mixing ratio of chicken manure, wollastonite and concentrated sulfuric acid was 9 parts by weight of wollastonite and 6 parts by weight of concentrated sulfuric acid with respect to 100 parts by weight of chicken manure.

When the processing of the chicken manure is completed, the hydraulic cylinder 3333 is actuated to open the lid 35, and the solidified or granulated mixture is taken out from the takeout port 330 and stored in the transport container 5. The mixing ratio of the mixture treated with pork dung or human dung contained in the transport container 5 and the mixture treated with chicken dung was 100 parts by weight of the mixture treated with swine dung. 20 parts by weight of the mixture obtained.

The transport container 5 is transferred to the fermenter 40 of the fermenter 4 by an overhead crane (not shown).

The mixture obtained by treating the poultry manure does not necessarily need to be mixed with the mixture treated with the pig manure in the transport container 5, and may be directly transferred to the fermenter 40 and mixed at the above ratio.

When the mixture is naturally cooled in the fermenter 40 and cooled to a temperature at which the effective microorganisms can grow, an appropriate amount of the effective microorganisms is added. Then, the mixture is mixed and stirred by the moving stirrer 41, fermented for a predetermined period, and composted. As described above, since there are almost no germs including harmful bacteria such as pathogenic bacteria in the mixture, the added effective microorganisms are sufficiently activated.

Also, by mixing the mixture obtained by treating the poultry manure with the mixture obtained by treating the poultry manure in the above ratio and fermenting the mixture, fermentation proceeds in a good condition, and a high-quality compost can be obtained.

The reason for this is not clear, but nitrogen, which is abundant in chicken manure, or amino acids formed by degrading proteins, which are abundant in chicken manure, with concentrated sulfuric acid are necessary for the activity of effective microorganisms. Probably because of replenishing energy.

An attempt was made to add fermented microorganisms only to the mixture treated with swine dung or human dung without mixing the mixture treated with chicken dung, and to ferment it, but the fermentation did not occur during the test period of 4 months. Was. On the other hand, fermentation of the mixture of chicken dung and the mixture was started the next day.

The compost produced by the above method was analyzed. The results of the analysis were as follows (see Table 1).

2 Table 1

Example

The compost produced by the above method was actually applied to confirm the effect on crop cultivation. The method is as follows. First, four fields were secured. In each field, the unfertilized area and the fertilized area were separated, and the same crop was planted in each area. In each field, 1. Tancan (citrus native to Taiwan), 2. Dragon fruit, 3. Sugarcane (two places) were cultivated. Example 1

Crops: Tankan

Fertilization was applied at 1 kg per tree on the side to be fertilized, and the progress was monitored.

50 days after fertilization, those that had not been fertilized still had yellow leaves and a small amount of leaves. The fruit diameter was about 4 mm.

On the other hand, fertilized ones had lush green leaves and large amounts of leaves. The diameter of the fruit was about 8 mm. Example 2

Crops: Dragon Fruit

Fertilization was performed at 5 kg per tree on the side to be fertilized, and the progress was monitored.

120 days after fertilization, fertilized and unfertilized ones were harvested in the same manner. The yield of fertilized plants was about four times that of unfertilized ones. In addition, the sugar content of the fertilized ones was higher than that of the unfertilized ones so that they could be clearly seen. Example 3

Crops: sugarcane

The progress was monitored by applying 600 kg of fertilizer per 10 ares.

90 days after fertilization, those without fertilization had a height of about 180 cm, a trunk thickness of about 3 cm, and a leaf width of about 4 cm.

On the other hand, the fertilized one was about 200 to 230 cm, the trunk thickness was about 4 to 4.5 cm, and the leaf width was about 5.5 cm. Example 4

Crops: sugarcane

Field: A thin area in Nago-tenninya district, Oki prefecture.

The progress was monitored by applying 300 kg of fertilizer per 10 ares.

The fertilized organic compost and the fertilized compost of the present invention were fertilized 180 days after fertilization, and 10 strains were collected and measured for Brix and sugar content. The expected yield was also calculated (see Table 2).

In addition, the growth state of the one to which the conventional organic compost was applied was already mature, but the one to which the compost of the present invention was applied was still in a growth process. Harvest was considered appropriate after 60 days.

Table 2

The prix refers to the ratio of substances (soluble solids) that are dissolved in the juice and solidify when dried, and include saccharides such as sugar (saccharose) and darcos. It also contains nutrients such as ash and calcium.

(Evaluation)

As can be seen from each of the above examples, by applying the compost of the present invention in an appropriate amount, the soil fertility can be improved, and the growth of the crop is improved, and a high-quality crop such as a high sugar content can be grown. Was. The crop yield was also increased. It should be noted that the terms and expressions used in the present specification are merely illustrative and not restrictive, and do not exclude the terms and expressions equivalent to the above-mentioned terms and expressions. Further, the present invention is not limited to the illustrated embodiment, and various modifications are possible within the scope of the technical idea. Industrial applicability

The present invention has the above configuration and has the following effects.

(a) According to the compost of the present invention, the soil fertility can be improved, so that good quality crops can be grown and the yield can be increased.

(b) According to the present invention, a mixture obtained by treating poultry manure or human dung is mixed with a mixture obtained by treating chicken dung at a predetermined ratio and fermented. Can be made well.

In other words, manure with a high water content can be solidified or granulated in a very short time by the reaction of wollastonite and sulfuric acid, and the odor can be improved. It can be performed reliably even at the target level, and for example, manure such as pig manure or human manure can be used to efficiently produce compost.

(c) A screw conveyer is provided to convey the stirred mixture and concentrated sulfuric acid while agitating the mixture, and the part for mixing the concentrated sulfuric acid is connected to the transfer base side or the transfer base side of the screw conveyor. According to the manure reactor provided in the feeding route of the sewage system, since the pressure such as injection pressure or the like is hardly required for mixing the concentrated sulfuric acid, the apparatus can be simplified.

In other words, the feed path of the mixture leading to the transport base side or the transport base side of the screw conveyor is the part where the mixture is negatively moved by the continuous rotation of the screw toward the rear part (discharge side) of the transport. It is. For this reason, concentrated sulfuric acid is efficiently mixed as if sucked.

Furthermore, concentrated sulfuric acid is mixed at the transport base (front of transport) of the screw conveyor. As a result, the mixture is sufficiently agitated before being sent to the rear part (outlet side) of the transport, and wollastonite and concentrated sulfuric acid react relatively quickly, but the solidification is substantially uniform overall. Granulation is possible. This enables efficient compost production.

(d) At least a plurality of manure stirring devices are provided, and a dispensing device that selectively supplies orastonite to each manure stirring device and prevents the odor in the manure stirring device from leaking to the outside from the supply part. According to this, for example, while the stirring process or the like is being performed by one of the manure stirring devices, the manure and wollastonite can be fed to the other manure stirring device to prepare for the next operation. This enables efficient compost production.

In addition, since the odor of raw pig manure and human manure does not substantially leak to the outside, it is possible to prevent the working environment from being deteriorated due to the bad odor and to trouble the surrounding area.

Claims

The scope of the claims

1. Wollastonite is mixed with pig manure or human manure, then concentrated sulfuric acid is mixed and reacted to solidify or granulate, chicken manure is mixed with wollastonite, and then concentrated sulfuric acid is mixed. A mixture obtained by reacting and solidifying or granulating the mixture, and using the mixture as a medium to add an effective microorganism and fermenting the mixture;

compost.

2. Wollastonite is mixed with pig manure or human manure, then concentrated sulfuric acid is mixed and reacted to solidify or granulate, then chicken manure is mixed with wollastonite, and then concentrated sulfuric acid is mixed. Reacting and solidifying or granulating the mixture, and using the mixture as a medium, adding an effective microorganism and fermenting the mixture.

Compost manufacturing method.

3. 100 parts by weight of swine manure or human manure mixed with 10 to 25 parts by weight of wollastonite, and then 5 to 15 parts by weight of concentrated sulfuric acid are mixed and reacted to solidify or granulate. 100 parts by weight of chicken dung mixed with wollastonite, then mixed with concentrated sulfuric acid and allowed to react, solidified or granulated, mixed with 15 parts by weight or more, and the mixture was used as a culture medium to which an effective microorganism was added. Characterized by fermentation,

3. The method for producing a compost according to claim 2.

4. One or more selected from zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn), molybdenum (Mo), magnesium (Mg), copper (Cu), and iron (Fe) are added.

A method for producing the compost according to claim 2 or 3.

5. Manure supply device for supplying pig manure or human manure,

A wollastonite supply device for supplying wollastonite;

Mix with manure stirrerMix the stirred mixture with the supplied concentrated sulfuric acid Manure reactor to be

A chicken manure reactor that mixes and stirs chicken manure and wollastonite, and then mixes and stirs concentrated sulfuric acid with the mixture,

A fermentation apparatus for fermenting a mixture of those obtained in the manure reactor and the chicken manure reactor by adding effective microorganisms;

Characterized by having

Compost manufacturing equipment.

6. The manure reactor is equipped with a screw conveyor that transports the mixture of the mixed and stirred mixture and concentrated sulfuric acid while stirring, and the part where the concentrated sulfuric acid is mixed is located on the base side of the screw conveyor. Or provided on a feed route of the mixture leading to the transport base side,

The compost production apparatus according to claim 5.

7. The wollastonite supply device communicates with at least a plurality of manure stirring devices provided to selectively supply wollastonite to each manure stirring device, and the odor in the manure stirring device is externally supplied from a portion where the wollastonite is supplied. Characterized in that it has a dispensing device that prevents leakage

The compost production apparatus according to claim 5 or 6.