WO2005078345A1 - バイオマス燃料焚き流動層燃焼方法及びその装置 - Google Patents
バイオマス燃料焚き流動層燃焼方法及びその装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2005078345A1 WO2005078345A1 PCT/JP2005/002054 JP2005002054W WO2005078345A1 WO 2005078345 A1 WO2005078345 A1 WO 2005078345A1 JP 2005002054 W JP2005002054 W JP 2005002054W WO 2005078345 A1 WO2005078345 A1 WO 2005078345A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- fluidized bed
- combustion
- biomass fuel
- fluidized
- fired
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/50—Control or safety arrangements
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/30—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having a fluidised bed
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
- F23G7/10—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of field or garden waste or biomasses
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for incinerators
- F23G2900/00001—Exhaust gas recirculation
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a fluid that burns biomass, which is an organic resource derived from animals and plants, excluding fossil resources, particularly biomass having a particularly high alkali component among woody, agricultural, and industrial biomass, as waste fuel.
- biomass which is an organic resource derived from animals and plants, excluding fossil resources, particularly biomass having a particularly high alkali component among woody, agricultural, and industrial biomass, as waste fuel.
- the present invention relates to a stratified combustion method and an apparatus therefor.
- waste fuel containing a high alkali component has a low ash melting point as described above, it is difficult to operate a fluidized bed combustion device at a fluidized bed temperature of 800 ° C or more.
- an exhaust gas recirculation system and a water cooling pipe in the bed are installed in the fluidized bed combustion system.
- the conventional method of operating the exhaust gas recirculation system is to mix the exhaust gas with the combustion air and to control the oxygen partial pressure.
- the aim is to reduce the NOx in the exhaust gas by reducing the temperature of the fluidized bed.
- the fluidized bed temperature cannot be extremely low and cannot be reduced to a value, and this is not a countermeasure against agglomeration of the fluidized medium.
- the water cooling pipe in the bed had problems such as abrasion by the fluid medium and corrosion by the exhaust gas.
- Patent Document 1 JP-A-54-16731
- Patent Document 2 JP-A-6-323510
- the problem to be solved is that in fluidized bed combustion of biomass waste fuel, smooth and stable operation can be performed by preventing the fluidized medium from agglomerating and causing poor flow. It is to make it look.
- One of the biomass fuel-fired fluidized bed combustion methods of the present invention for solving the above-mentioned problems is to reduce the air ratio in the fluidized bed in the range of 0.2 to 0.9 in burning the noomas fuel in the fluidized bed.
- the ratio of the exhaust gas recirculation flow rate to the total air flow rate is set in the range of 20-80%, and the ratio of the superficial velocity in the fluidized bed to the fluidization start velocity is set to 2-6.
- the fluidized bed temperature is controlled at 600-750 ° C. Controlling the temperature of the fluidized bed to 600 to 750 ° C is characterized in that the ratio of the superficial velocity in the fluidized bed to the fluidization start velocity is maintained at 2 to 6.
- the air ratio in the fluidized bed is set to 0.
- the reason for setting the value in the range of 2-0.9 is that the lower limit of the air ratio in the fluidized bed of 0.2, which is the limit at which unburned matter does not accumulate in the fluidized bed, The reason is that the operation is performed with the upper limit of the air ratio in the fluidized bed of 0.9, which is the limit for maintaining low. Further, in the biomass fuel-fired fluidized bed combustion method of the present invention, the reason for setting the ratio of the exhaust gas recirculation flow rate to the total air flow rate in the range of 20 to 80% by performing exhaust gas recirculation is that the fluidized bed is used.
- the air ratio in the fluidized bed where the air flow rate is low is 0.2
- the upper limit of the fluidized bed temperature is 750 ° C and the lower limit is 20%
- the air ratio in the fluidized bed is 0.2.
- the exhaust gas recirculation flow rate is increased with the setting, the superficial velocity in the fluidized bed increases, and the operation is performed with the upper limit of 80%, which is the upper limit ratio of the superficial velocity in the fluidized bed to the fluidization start speed of 6 To do that.
- the reason for setting the ratio of the superficial velocity in the fluidized bed to the fluidization start velocity as 2-6 is that the fluidity in the fluidized bed is reduced by reducing the air supplied to the fluidized bed or the recirculated exhaust gas.
- the operation is performed with the upper limit of 6, which is the limit for forming a fluidized bed due to an increase in recirculated exhaust gas.
- the reason for controlling the fluidized bed temperature to 600-750 ° C is that the lower limit temperature at which stable combustion of biomass fuel is possible is 600 ° C, the combustion ash does not melt, and the fluid medium agglomerates (agglomeration).
- the maximum temperature is 750 ° C.
- Another one of the biomass fuel-fired fluidized bed combustion methods of the present invention is the fluidized bed combustion method. If the particle size of the fluidized medium increases due to the long-term operation of the method, 5 to 10% of the fluidized medium is discharged at the bottom of the fluidized bed at a time, and the particle size is selected. 1. It is characterized by discarding more than 6 times and refilling less than 6 times into the fluidized bed.
- the reason why 5-10% of the fluid medium is discharged at one time is that the fluid medium is not discharged in large quantities at one time and does not affect the temperature of the fluidized bed during operation. Discarding more than 1.6 times of the average inner particle size and putting less than 1.6 times into the fluidized bed is because the fluidized medium has a particle size distribution and the maximum particle size of the fluidized medium Is 1.6 times the average particle size, so particles with a particle size of 1.6 times or more the average particle size are judged to be flocculated (agglomerated) fluid media and discarded, resulting in poor flow. This is because the fluidized bed temperature is maintained without generating any trouble and without stopping the operation.
- Still another one of the biomass-fuel-burning fluidized-bed combustion methods of the present invention is to perform the fluidized-bed combustion of the biomass fuel while maintaining the air ratio in the fluidized bed in the range of 0.2 to 0.9.
- the ratio of the exhaust gas recirculation flow rate is changed to the range of 20 to 80% during the rated operation and the force of 40 to 80%, and the superficial velocity and flow in the fluidized bed are changed. It is characterized in that the fluidized bed temperature is controlled at 600-750 ° C while the ratio of the starting speed is kept at 2-6.
- biomass fuel-fired fluidized bed combustion methods of the present invention is that the biomass fuel to be burned stores and adjusts a part of the fuel in response to seasonal fluctuations in yield, so that the fuel actually used is
- the air ratio in the fluidized bed is set in the range of 0.2 to 0.8, and the ratio of exhaust gas recirculation flow rate is 35 to 75%.
- the fluidized bed temperature is controlled to 600-750 ° C while maintaining the ratio of the superficial velocity in the fluidized bed to the fluidization start velocity at 2-6 by varying the fluidized bed temperature. .
- the air ratio in the fluidized bed is set in the range of 0.2-0.8, and the ratio of the exhaust gas recirculation flow rate is varied in the range of 35-75%.
- the reason is that when the calorific value is 3500 kcalZkg, the fluidized bed temperature, the ratio of the superficial velocity in the fluidized bed and the ratio of the fluidization start speed are both the smallest, and when the air ratio in the fluidized bed is 0.2, the fluidized
- the upper limit of the bed temperature is 750 ° C and the lower limit is 35%, and the upper limit of the superficial velocity in the fluidized bed and the upper limit ratio of the fluidization start speed is 6% or less and the upper limit is 75%.
- the fluidized bed combustion apparatus for performing each of the biomass fuel-fired fluidized bed combustion methods includes a fluidized bed portion, a freeboard portion above the fluidized bed portion, and a fluidized bed wind box below the fluidized bed portion. , A dust collector, an exhaust gas line in which the dust collector is provided, and a dust collector provided in the fluidized bed wind box from a downstream side of the dust collector. A flue gas recirculation line, a fluidized media particle size selector, a fluidized media inlet provided on a side wall of the fluidized bed portion of the combustion furnace, and a fluidized media inlet provided at a lower portion of the fluidized bed portion of the combustion furnace.
- the sectional area of the fluidized bed portion of the combustion furnace is set smaller than the sectional area of Preferably, the sectional area of the fluidized bed portion of the combustion furnace is smaller than the sectional area of the freeboard portion, and
- the reason for setting it to 1Z2 or more is to reduce the volume of the fluidized bed and maintain sufficient fluidity while maintaining the boiler scale. If the cross-sectional area of the fluidized bed portion of the combustion furnace is smaller than 1Z2 of the cross-sectional area of the freeboard portion, the strength becomes unstable, which is not preferable.
- the biomass fuel-fired fluidized bed combustion method of the present invention is suitable for fluidized bed combustion of biomass fuel, which is liable to cause ash adhesion trouble in a boiler where the alkali component in combustion ash is high.
- the lower limit is the air ratio of 0.2 in the fluidized bed, which is the limit at which unburned fuel does not accumulate in the fluidized bed, and the flow is the limit for maintaining the fluidized bed temperature below 750 ° C.
- the air ratio is 0.2
- the lower limit is 20%, which is the upper limit of the fluidized bed temperature of 750 ° C
- the upper limit is 80%, which is the upper limit ratio of the superficial velocity in the fluidized bed to the fluidization start speed of 6.
- Another one of the biomass fuel-fired fluidized bed combustion methods of the present invention is that, when the particle size of the fluidized medium is increased by long-term operation of the above-mentioned fluidized bed combustion method, the total amount of the fluidized medium is five times. Discharge 10% of the fluid medium from the lower part of the fluidized bed, sort out the particle size, discard 1.6% or more of the original average particle size, and re-enter the smaller one into the fluidized bed. As a result, it is possible to avoid the occurrence of poor flow without causing ash to adhere to the fluid medium and agglomeration (agglomeration) of the particles and increase the particle size. It can be maintained at C and can be operated continuously for a long time.
- Still another one of the biomass-fuel-fired fluidized-bed combustion methods of the present invention is that when the boiler is operated at a low load while maintaining the air ratio in the fluidized bed at 0.2-0.9, the fuel supply amount is reduced. As a result, the air volume and the exhaust gas recirculation flow rate also decrease, thereby preventing the fluidized bed temperature and the superficial velocity in the fluidized bed from decreasing, and preventing the ratio of the fluidization start speed from being maintained at 2 or more. Therefore, the ratio of the exhaust gas recirculation flow rate was changed to the range of 20-80% power and 40-80% at rated operation.
- the fluidized bed temperature is controlled at 600-750 ° C while maintaining the ratio of the superficial velocity in the fluidized bed to the fluidization start velocity at 2-6, so that the fluidized bed combustion of biomass fuel does not hinder any problem.
- the agglomeration of the fluid medium does not occur, and no ash deposits in the boiler.
- biomass-fuel-burning fluidized-bed combustion methods of the present invention is that the biomass fuel to be burned stores and adjusts a part of the fuel in response to seasonal fluctuations in the yield, so that the fuel actually used is reduced.
- the air ratio in the fluidized bed is set in the range of 0.2 to 0.8, and the ratio of exhaust gas recirculation flow rate is 35 to 75%.
- the fluidized bed temperature is controlled at 600-750 ° C while maintaining the ratio between the superficial velocity in the fluidized bed and the fluidization start velocity at 2-6 by varying the fluidized medium. No agglomeration occurs, no ash adheres to the boiler, and the calorific value of the fuel actually used varies from 2500 to 3500 kcalZkg depending on the season. it can.
- the sectional area of the fluidized bed portion of the combustion furnace is set smaller than the sectional area of the freeboard portion, the volume of the fluidized bed is maintained while maintaining the boiler scale. And the fluidity in the fluidized bed is sufficiently ensured.
- the exhaust gas recirculation line is installed in the fluidized bed wind box of the combustion furnace after the dust collector in the exhaust gas line, the ratio of the exhaust gas recirculation flow rate to the total air amount is determined by the air ratio in the fluidized bed.
- the lower limit is 20%, which ensures that the ratio of the superficial velocity in the fluidized bed to the fluidization start velocity is 2 or more, and the upper limit is 80%, at which the fluidized bed temperature becomes 600 ° C or more.
- FIG. 1 is a system diagram of a biomass fuel-fired fluidized bed combustion apparatus of the present invention.
- the cross-sectional area of the fluidized bed section of the combustion furnace is set smaller than the cross-sectional area of the free board section to 1Z2 or more, and an exhaust gas recirculation line is provided from the downstream of the dust collector of the exhaust gas line to the fluidized bed wind box of the combustion furnace.
- a fluid medium discharge port is provided at the lower portion of the fluidized bed portion, and this is connected to a fluidized media particle size selector.
- the fluidized media inlet port provided at the upper side wall of the fluidized bed portion is connected to the particle size selector, and a waste port is provided.
- Noomas fuel is fluidized-bed combusted using a fluidized-bed combustor equipped with a fuel cell.
- the ratio of the superficial velocity in the fluidized bed to the fluidization start speed is set to 2-6, preferably 4, and the air ratio in the fluidized bed is 0.2-0.9, good suitable [this ⁇ Also, 0. 4-0. 6 and range [this setting controls the fluidized bed temperature to 600 one 750 o G, preferably [this ⁇ or 6 50- 700 ° C, further exhaust gas
- this setting controls the fluidized bed temperature to 600 one 750 o G, preferably [this ⁇ or 6 50- 700 ° C, further exhaust gas
- FIG. 1 is a combustion furnace
- 2 is a fluidized bed section of the combustion furnace
- 3 is a freeboard section on the upper part thereof, and a fluidized bed section.
- the cross-sectional area of 2 is set to 1Z2 of the cross-sectional area of the free board section 3.
- Reference numeral 4 denotes a wind box in the fluidized bed 2
- reference numeral 5 denotes a fuel supply device for the combustion furnace 1.
- the exhaust gas line 6 from the freeboard section 3 is provided with a cyclone 7, a dust collector 8, and an air blower 9 in the middle, and is connected to an exhaust gas chimney 10.
- 11 is a primary air blower to the wind box 4, and 12 is a secondary air blower to the freeboard section 3.
- Reference numeral 13 denotes an exhaust gas recirculation line provided with the wake force of the dust collector 8 of the exhaust gas line 6 also on the wind box 4.
- the exhaust gas recirculation line 13 is provided with an exhaust gas blower 14.
- Reference numeral 15 denotes a fluid medium outlet provided at a lower portion of the fluidized bed portion 2, and the fluid medium outlet 15 is connected to a fluid medium particle size selector 16.
- a fluid medium inlet 17 provided on the upper side wall of the fluidized bed portion 2 is connected to the bottom of the fluid medium particle size selector 16 and a waste port 18 for discharging the fluid medium having a large particle size is provided.
- a net-like sheet is provided at the bottom of the fluidized bed 2, that is, at the boundary between the fluidized bed 2 and the wind box 4, a net-like sheet is provided. Have been killed. A fluidized medium such as sand is placed in the fluidized bed portion 2 having a net-like sheet at the bottom.
- the fluid medium outlet 15 provided at the lower portion of the fluidized bed 2 is not limited to being provided at the lower side wall of the fluidized bed 2 as shown in FIG. 1, but may be provided at the bottom of the fluidized bed 2. In this case, the nove may be guided to the fluidized medium particle size selector 16 through the bottom surface of the spout box 4 at the center of the mesh sheet.
- the air ratio in the bed within the range of 0.9, which is the limit for maintaining the temperature in the bed 2 (fluidized bed temperature) lower than 750 ° C, and reduce the air input into the bed 2
- the superficial velocity (U ) And fluidization start rate (Umf) ratio UZUmf is set to 2-6, fluidized bed temperature is controlled to 600-750 ° C, Waste (palm oil pomace) fuel burning fluidized bed.
- the exhaust gas is pushed into the wind box 4 by the exhaust gas blower 14 through the exhaust gas recirculation line 13 and recirculated.
- the lower limit of the ratio of the exhaust gas recirculation flow rate to the total air flow rate is, for example, 25% when the fluidized bed temperature becomes 750 ° C or less when the air ratio in the bed is 0.4, and U / Umf ⁇ Secure 6 Set the GR ratio within the upper limit of 70%.
- the air ratio in the bed is 0.6
- the UZUmf is 6 or less and the fluidized bed temperature is 750 ° C or less by setting the GR ratio in the range of 30-60%.
- the operating ranges of GR ratio, fluidized bed temperature, and U ZUmf for each air ratio in the bed in this fluidized bed combustion method are as shown in Table 1 below.
- the fluidized medium does not generate agglomeration (agglomeration), and ash deposits in the boiler are generated. Disappears. Therefore, the flow of the fluid medium is good, and smooth and stable operation can be performed.
- a smaller amount of the fluid medium is introduced into the fluidized bed part 2 in the combustion furnace 1 from the fluid medium inlet 17.
- ash adheres to the fluidized medium and agglomeration (agglomeration) of the particles does not increase the particle size.
- the temperature in the fluidized bed section 2 can be maintained at 600-750 ° C, and can be operated for a long time.
- the air ratio in the fluidized bed section 2 is maintained at 0.4, and the ratio of the exhaust gas recirculation flow rate (GR flow rate) is changed from the range of 25-70% during rated operation to the range of 25-85%.
- GR flow rate ratio of the exhaust gas recirculation flow rate
- biomass fuel to be burned in a fluidized bed is an agricultural biomass fuel in which the calorific value of the fuel actually used varies from 2500 to 3500 kcalZkg by storing and adjusting part of the fuel in response to seasonal changes in yield,
- the temperature in the fluidized bed section 2 (fluidized bed temperature) and the superficial velocity (U) in the fluidized bed section 2 differ for each calorific value.
- the temperature in the fluidized bed section 2 (fluidized bed temperature) is controlled at 600-750 ° C. Fluid bed combustion of agricultural biomass waste fuel with an actual calorific value of 2500 to 3500 kcalZkg, and in this case 3500 kcalZkg, is performed without any problem, depending on the season. ) Does not occur and there is no ash adhesion trouble in the boiler.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Fluidized-Bed Combustion And Resonant Combustion (AREA)
- Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
- Devices And Processes Conducted In The Presence Of Fluids And Solid Particles (AREA)
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP2004036490A JP2005226930A (ja) | 2004-02-13 | 2004-02-13 | バイオマス燃料焚き流動層燃焼方法及びその装置 |
JP2004-036490 | 2004-02-13 |
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WO2005078345A1 true WO2005078345A1 (ja) | 2005-08-25 |
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PCT/JP2005/002054 WO2005078345A1 (ja) | 2004-02-13 | 2005-02-10 | バイオマス燃料焚き流動層燃焼方法及びその装置 |
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WO (1) | WO2005078345A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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MY162205A (en) * | 2009-07-13 | 2017-05-31 | Sumitomo Heavy Industries | Combustion method for fluidized bed boiler, and fluidized bed boiler |
CN103225818B (zh) * | 2013-04-09 | 2015-04-29 | 湖南省湘电试研技术有限公司 | 一种电站燃煤w火焰锅炉的二次风箱结构 |
CN104557313B (zh) * | 2015-01-19 | 2017-02-22 | 合肥德博生物能源科技有限公司 | 一种生物质炭基复合肥的生产设备及其生产工艺 |
JP6654127B2 (ja) | 2016-10-24 | 2020-02-26 | 住友重機械工業株式会社 | 凝集抑制方法、凝集抑制材、化合物調整方法、流動床ボイラ、及び流動物 |
JP7251978B2 (ja) * | 2018-12-28 | 2023-04-04 | 川崎重工業株式会社 | 流動床炉 |
KR20230164666A (ko) | 2021-03-29 | 2023-12-04 | 스미도모쥬기가이고교 가부시키가이샤 | 유동매체재생장치, 연소시스템 및 유동층식 연소로의 연소방법 |
Citations (7)
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JPS63226511A (ja) * | 1986-10-08 | 1988-09-21 | Babcock Hitachi Kk | 流動層燃焼装置の運転制御装置 |
JPS63226510A (ja) * | 1987-03-13 | 1988-09-21 | Babcock Hitachi Kk | 流動層燃焼炉の流動媒体の制御方法及び装置 |
JPH08193706A (ja) * | 1995-01-18 | 1996-07-30 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | 循環流動層燃焼炉 |
JPH10169944A (ja) * | 1996-12-03 | 1998-06-26 | Kobe Steel Ltd | 廃棄物熱分解炉における流動層制御方法 |
JP2000266306A (ja) * | 1999-03-15 | 2000-09-29 | Babcock Hitachi Kk | 加圧流動層ボイラ |
JP2002168411A (ja) * | 2000-12-06 | 2002-06-14 | Hitachi Zosen Corp | 廃棄物燃焼方法 |
JP2002333107A (ja) * | 2001-05-11 | 2002-11-22 | Takuma Co Ltd | 凝集成分を含む廃棄物の燃焼方法及びその装置 |
-
2004
- 2004-02-13 JP JP2004036490A patent/JP2005226930A/ja not_active Withdrawn
-
2005
- 2005-02-10 WO PCT/JP2005/002054 patent/WO2005078345A1/ja active Application Filing
Patent Citations (7)
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JPS63226511A (ja) * | 1986-10-08 | 1988-09-21 | Babcock Hitachi Kk | 流動層燃焼装置の運転制御装置 |
JPS63226510A (ja) * | 1987-03-13 | 1988-09-21 | Babcock Hitachi Kk | 流動層燃焼炉の流動媒体の制御方法及び装置 |
JPH08193706A (ja) * | 1995-01-18 | 1996-07-30 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | 循環流動層燃焼炉 |
JPH10169944A (ja) * | 1996-12-03 | 1998-06-26 | Kobe Steel Ltd | 廃棄物熱分解炉における流動層制御方法 |
JP2000266306A (ja) * | 1999-03-15 | 2000-09-29 | Babcock Hitachi Kk | 加圧流動層ボイラ |
JP2002168411A (ja) * | 2000-12-06 | 2002-06-14 | Hitachi Zosen Corp | 廃棄物燃焼方法 |
JP2002333107A (ja) * | 2001-05-11 | 2002-11-22 | Takuma Co Ltd | 凝集成分を含む廃棄物の燃焼方法及びその装置 |
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