WO2005070592A1

WO2005070592A1 - Casting machine

Info

Publication number: WO2005070592A1
Application number: PCT/JP2005/000684
Authority: WO
Inventors: Hiroshi Yoshii; Takashi Oda
Original assignee: Yamaha Hatsudoki Kabushiki Kaisha
Priority date: 2004-01-21
Filing date: 2005-01-20
Publication date: 2005-08-04
Also published as: JP4430411B2; KR20060121935A; CN1910000A; BRPI0506946B1; TW200600230A; JP2005205435A; BRPI0506946A; CN100400202C

Abstract

A temperature sensor (26) is installed at a portion (runner (21)) at which a molten metal (5) solidifies after the molten metal in cavities (14, 18) in a lower metal mold (12) solidifies. A temperature detecting section (28a) of the temperature sensor (26) is made to be in direct contact with the molten metal (5).

Description

Specification

铸 building machine

Technical field

The present invention relates to a machine for directly detecting the temperature of a molten metal by a temperature sensor.

Background art

Conventionally, for example, a cylinder head of a motorcycle engine has been manufactured by a low-pressure manufacturing method. An example of the low-pressure manufacturing machine is disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 3201930. In the machine disclosed in this publication, a crucible is disposed below a mold composed of a lower mold and an upper mold, and the molten metal stored in the crucible is pressurized and pushed up through a stalk, and the lower crucible is raised. A configuration for supplying to the gate of the mold is adopted.

[0003] In this machine, in order to improve productivity, the operation until the supply start force of the molten metal until the mold is opened is automated. In other words, after the start switch is turned on by the operator, the time required to supply the molten metal based on the temperature of the mold and the temperature of the molten metal (hereinafter, this time is referred to as a pressurizing time). The molten metal is pressurized for this pressurizing time and supplied into the mold. The temperature of the mold is detected by a temperature sensor embedded in the mold, and the temperature of the molten metal is detected by a temperature sensor provided in the crucible. The pressurization time is set to a time during which the inside of the mold is filled with the molten metal after the start of pressurization, and further, the solidified portion of the molten metal, which proceeds from the upper part to the lower part of the mold, reaches the inside of the gate.

[0004] That is, by terminating the pressurization of the molten metal after the elapse of the pressurizing time, the unsolidified portion of the molten metal falls from the sprue through the stalk into the crucible and returns only to the solidified portion of the molten metal. Remains in the gate. At this point, the structure in the mold is in a weak state where fluidity has been lost even though it is solidified. 'Dimensional accuracy will be significantly reduced. For this reason, the structure of this forming machine is such that the mold is opened after the pressurization of the molten metal is completed and the force is waited until the structure becomes hard enough not to deform the structure. When the pressurization of the molten metal was completed, the time until the mold was opened (hereinafter, this time is called the solidification time), the supply of the molten metal was stopped. Based on the temperature of the mold at the time!

Disclosure of the invention

Problems to be solved by the invention

[0005] In the conventional machine configured as described above, it is required to detect the pressurization time and the coagulation time more accurately. This is the power of the structure to become defective if these times are incorrect. However, the conventional machine uses the temperature of the mold and the temperature of the molten metal detected by the temperature sensor provided in the crucible to calculate the above two times, so that both times are accurately calculated. There was a limit to setting.

[0006] Further, in the conventional machine, the timing of ending the pressurization of the molten metal and the timing of opening the mold may be unnecessarily delayed, and in this case, the cycle time becomes longer and the productivity is reduced. There was a problem that would. The delay between the two phases is set at a time when the pressurization time and the solidification time have a margin taking into account the safety factor so that the pressurization and solidification of the molten metal do not end in an incomplete state. Because it is.

[0007] The mold of this type of machine is blown with high-pressure air after the mold is opened to remove the debris of the core sand, and the work time for loading the core to be used in the next structure is increased. May become too long and cool excessively. For this reason, in this type of mold, it is difficult for the temperature at the start of the production to be constant.凝固 If the temperature of the mold at the start of production is relatively low, the solidification time of the molten metal will be short. Conversely, if the temperature is relatively high, the solidification time of the melt will be longer. That is, in the conventional molding machine, the pressurizing time and the solidification time are set to be sufficiently long so that even if the temperature of the mold varies as described above, the molded article becomes a good product.

[0008] The present invention has been made in order to solve such a problem, and it is possible to improve productivity by reducing a cycle time of a structure to a necessary minimum without making the structure a defective product. The purpose is to provide a machine that can do it.

Means for solving the problem

[0009] In order to achieve this object, a machine according to the present invention includes a machine equipped with a temperature sensor for detecting a temperature for controlling an operation timing, wherein the temperature sensor includes a cavity in a mold. The temperature sensor directly contacts the molten metal at the part where the molten metal solidifies more slowly It is provided as follows.

The invention's effect

[0010] As described above, the machine according to the first to third aspects of the present invention can directly detect the temperature of the molten metal that solidifies later than the inside of the cavity by the temperature sensor. Therefore, when the temperature of the structure reaches the temperature most suitable for stopping the supply of the molten metal or opening the mold, the supply of the molten metal can be stopped or the mold can be opened. As a result, the machine according to the present invention can reduce the supply time of the molten metal and the solidification time from the stop of the supply to the opening of the mold as much as possible within a range where the structure can be a non-defective product. The cycle time is shortened, and the productivity can be further improved.

[0011] According to the invention described in claim 4, the temperature inside the molten metal can be detected. Further, the temperature detecting portion of the temperature sensor can be easily removed from the structure after the structure.

Therefore, in the machine according to the present invention, it is possible to accurately detect the temperature of the molten metal while preventing the temperature detecting section from being damaged when the mold is opened and when the mold is released.

[0012] According to the invention set forth in claim 5 and claim 6, the part near the boundary between the gate and the runner in the lower mold is located outside the product part of the structure and fills the part. The temperature of the molten metal is substantially equal to that of the molten metal in the product portion, and is solidified in a similar manner with a slight delay from the product portion. For this reason, the same temperature as the product part can be detected outside the product part of the structure by the temperature sensor. As a result, in the low-pressure forming machine according to the present invention, it is possible to prevent the trace of the temperature sensor from being formed in the product part even though the temperature of the molten metal is directly detected by the temperature sensor. It is possible to produce high quality and structure.

[0013] According to the invention described in claim 7, in the low-pressure manufacturing machine, it is possible to directly detect the temperature of the molten metal and determine the pressurizing end time and the mold opening time of the molten metal based on this temperature. it can. For this reason, even if the temperature of the mold at the start of fabrication varies, the end of pressurization of the molten metal and the opening of the mold can be performed at the optimal time in accordance with the state of the fabrication.

Therefore, according to the present invention, the pressurizing time and the solidification time, which do not cause the pressurizing time and the solidifying time of the molten metal to be unnecessarily long or insufficient, are reduced to the minimum necessary range in which a good product can be obtained. To provide a low-pressure manufacturing machine with even higher productivity. You can do it.

According to the eighth and ninth aspects of the present invention, the temperature of the molten metal can be directly detected by the machine for gravity manufacturing, and the mold opening timing can be determined based on the detected temperature. For this reason, even if the temperature of the mold at the start of the fabrication varies, it is possible to open the mold at the optimal time according to the state of the fabrication.

Therefore, according to the present invention, the solidification time of the molten metal can be shortened to the minimum necessary range in which the product can be made non-defective, so that the solidification time can be prevented from becoming unnecessarily long or insufficient. It is possible to provide a gravitational structure machine with high susceptibility.

Brief Description of Drawings

FIG. 1 is a front view showing a configuration of a low-pressure manufacturing machine.

FIG. 2A is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view showing a mold part.

FIG. 2B is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a mold part.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a main part.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a temperature sensor.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of the machine.

FIG. 6 is a graph showing a temperature change of a molten metal in a runner.

[FIG. 7] FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing an example in which a temperature sensor is provided at a gate of a low-pressure manufacturing machine.

[FIG. 8A] FIG. 8A is a cross-sectional view showing a mold used for a gravitational machine.

FIG. 8B is a longitudinal sectional view showing a mold used for a gravitational machine.

[FIG. 9A] FIG. 9A is a cross-sectional view showing a mold used for a gravity-forming machine.

[FIG. 9B] FIG. 9B is a longitudinal sectional view showing a mold used for a gravitational machine.

FIG. 10 is a flowchart for explaining an operation at the time of manufacturing.

FIG. 11 is a graph showing a temperature change of a molten metal.

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

[0016] (First embodiment)

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

In FIGS. 1 to 6, what is denoted by reference numeral 1 is for a low-pressure structure according to this embodiment. 铸 It is a machine. This machine 1 is for manufacturing a cylinder head (not shown) of a motorcycle engine by low-pressure structure. As is well known in the art, the forging machine 1 has a mold 3 disposed on a furnace body 2, and a control device 4, which will be described later, controls the temperature of the mold 3 and the molten metal 5, and opens and closes the mold 3. The operation and the supply and stop of the molten metal 5 are controlled. The metal material manufactured by the machine 1 is an aluminum alloy.

The furnace body 2 includes a box-shaped main body 6 that opens upward, a lid 7 that closes an upper opening of the main body 6, a crucible 8 that stores the molten metal 5, The lower end is constituted by a stalk 9 immersed in a molten metal 5 and attached to the body 7. The main body 6 of the furnace body 2 incorporates a heater (not shown) for heating the molten metal 5 in the crucible 8 to a predetermined temperature, and is connected to a pressurizing device 10. The pressurizing device 10 is used to supply inert gas into the main body 6 at the time of manufacturing, pressurize the upper surface of the molten metal 5 and push the molten metal 5 into the stalk 9, and a connection port formed in the main body 6. A gas pipe (not shown) is connected to 6a. The control of the pressurizing pressure of the pressurizing device 10 and the temperature control of the heater are performed by a control device 4 described later.

[0018] As in the conventional machine, the structure by the machine 1 is performed by pressurizing the inside of the main body 6 of the furnace body 2 with the calo-pressure device 10 while the mold 3 is clamped. During fabrication, the molten metal 5 rises in the stalk 9 from the crucible 8 when the inside of the main body 6 is pressurized, and is supplied into the mold 3 located above.

The mold 3 is composed of an upper mold 11 and a lower mold 12, as shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B, and is supported by a drive unit 13 (see FIG. 1). The upper mold 11 has a cavity 14 that opens downward, and is attached to a platen 15 of a driving device 13. Cavity 14 refers to a recess for molding a product part of a structure. The platen 15 is supported on a base 16 of the driving device 13 via a tie bar 17 so as to be able to move up and down, and is moved up and down by a motor 15a for elevating. The rotation of the elevating motor 15a is controlled by the control device 4 described later.

The lower mold 12 has a cavity 18 that opens upward, and is fixed on a base 16 by a support member 19. The lower mold 12 and the upper mold 11 are provided with a heater (not shown) for preheating them to a manufacturing temperature, and a water for maintaining the mold temperature at the time of manufacturing constant. A cooling device (not shown) is provided. The temperature of the heater and ON / OFF of the water-cooled cooling device are controlled by a control device 4 described later.

As shown in FIGS. 2A, 2B and 3, a runner 21 is formed on the inner bottom of the lower mold 12 so as to extend from one side of the cavity 18 to the other side thereof. A gate 22 is formed to extend downward from the bottom.

The gate 22 is formed in the bottom of the lower mold 12 in an elliptical shape as viewed from above, as shown in FIG. 2B. As shown in FIG. 3, the opening diameter gradually increases toward the upper side, and the draft angle increases. It is perforated to form A wire mesh filter 23 is attached to the opening at the upper end of the gate 22 to prevent foreign substances from flowing into the mold 3. Further, the lower end of the gate 22 is connected to the upper end of a gate cup 24 provided on the support member 19.

The sprue cup 24 vertically penetrates the support member 19, and the molten metal 5 at the upper end of the stalk 9 (see FIG. 1) abutting on the lower surface of the support member 19 is supplied. That is, at the time of manufacturing, the molten metal 5 flows from the Stoke 9 through the gate cup 24 to the gate 22, passes through the filter 23 from the gate 22, flows into the runner 21, and is further supplied to the cavities 14 and 18. You. The molten metal 5 thus filled in the mold 3 also starts to solidify in the cavities 14 and 18 {product part 25 (see FIG. 3)}. The solidified portion of the melt 5 advances into the runner 21 and the gate 22 with the passage of time.

As shown in FIG. 3, a temperature sensor 26 for detecting the temperature of the molten metal 5 is attached to the lower mold 12. As shown in FIG. 4, the temperature sensor 26 is formed integrally with a protection portion 26a extending vertically and a support portion 26b formed at the base end of the protection portion 26a, and is internally formed in the axial direction. A protection fitting 28 having a through hole 27 is provided. Further, the temperature sensor 26 includes a thermocouple 29 inserted into the through hole 27. The temperature sensor 26 is inserted into a mounting hole 30 formed in the lower mold 12.

As shown in FIG. 3, the mounting hole 30 opens into the runner 21 and has a small-diameter portion 30a into which the protection portion 26a is inserted, and a large-diameter portion which opens outside the mold and into which the support portion 26b fits. 30b. The mounting hole 30 extends in the mold opening direction (vertical direction in FIG. 3) near the side of the gate 22 of the lower mold 12 and is formed so as to penetrate the lower mold 12. That is, by inserting the temperature sensor 26 into the mounting hole 30, the temperature sensor 26 is disposed at a portion where the molten metal 5 solidifies later than the cavities 14, 18.

As shown in FIG. 4, when the support 26b is fitted into the large-diameter portion 30b, the protective fitting 28 is not inserted into the mold 11 from the position shown in the figure. Thus, it is attached to the lower mold 12 with the movement restricted. The material forming the protective fitting 28 is equivalent to the material of the lower mold 12, and in this embodiment, hot tool alloy tool steel (SKD) is used.

The metal fitting 28 is formed to have a length such that the temperature detecting portion 28 a on the distal end side projects into the runner 21 in a state fitted in the mounting hole 30 together with the supporting portion 26 b. As shown in FIG. 4, the temperature detector 28a is formed so that the outer diameter gradually decreases toward the tip. That is, the temperature detecting section 28a has a taper that forms a draft.

In this embodiment, the top portion 28b of the temperature detecting portion 28a is formed in a hemispherical shape that projects upward, and the two types of wires 29a and 29b of the thermocouple 29 are welded to each other. It has been. That is, with the ends of the conductors 29a and 29b inserted into the through hole 27 facing the opening of the top 28b, they are welded using a welding rod made of the same alloy tool steel for hot dies (SKD). Then, the opening is closed, and thereafter, hemispherical polishing is performed.

[0027] The thermocouple 29 is a well-known alumel-chromel type thermocouple, and is formed by welding two types of conductive wires 29a and 29b to the top 28b. It is configured. By providing the thermocouple 29 in this manner, the temperature sensor 26 detects the temperature of the molten metal 5 that comes into contact with the top portion 28b (the portion where the thermocouple 29 is welded) of the protective fitting 28 (protection portion 26a). I do.

[0028] The two conductive wires 29a and 29b pass through the support portion 26b from the inside of the protection portion 26a and are led out of the lower mold 12 and pass through the inside of the stainless steel conduit 31 welded to the support portion 26b. And is connected to a control device 4 described later. In the temperature sensor 26 according to this embodiment, the heat-resistant insulating powder 32 is filled in the through hole 27 around the conductors 29a and 29b of the thermocouple 29. As the heat-resistant insulating powder 32, for example, magnesia (MgO) used in glow plugs for diesel engines can be mentioned. As shown in FIG. 1, the control device 4 includes a molten metal temperature controller 33, a mold temperature controller 34, a pressurizing pressure controller 35, a production condition setting device 36, and the like.

The molten metal temperature controller 33 controls the temperature of the heater of the furnace body 2 so that the molten metal 5 in the crucible 8 is heated to a set temperature. The set temperature of the molten metal 5 is set for each die to be used by a manufacturing condition setting device 36 described later.

The mold temperature controller 34 controls the temperature of the heater and the cooling device in the mold 3 so that the mold 3 is heated to the set temperature. The set temperature of the mold 3 is set for each component to be used by a manufacturing condition setting device 36 described later.

The pressurizing pressure controller 35 switches the operation and stop of the pressurizing device 10 and controls the gas supply amount of the pressurizing device 10 so that the speed of the molten metal 5 supplied from the crucible 8 into the mold 3 becomes the set speed. Control. The set speed is set for each die to be used by a manufacturing condition setting unit 36 described later.

[0031] The production condition setting device 36 controls the molten metal temperature control data such as the mold temperature, the molten metal temperature, the calo-pressure time, the “solidification time”, and the supply speed of the molten metal 5 corresponding to each mold used in the production. Total 33, mold temperature controller 34 and pressurized pressure controller 35. Further, the structure condition setting unit 36 outputs a start signal for causing the pressurizing pressure controller 35 to start pressurizing the molten metal 5 and a stop signal for stopping the pressurizing of the molten metal 5 at a predetermined time. I do. At the same time, the manufacturing condition setting device 36 sends a mold closing signal for lowering the upper mold 11 and a mold opening signal for raising the upper mold 11 to the driving device 13 at a predetermined time. I do.

[0032] Among these start 'stop signal and mold closing' mold opening signal, the stop signal and the mold opening signal are determined by the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 26 at a predetermined temperature Tl, temperature Τ2 (see FIG. 6). Sent when reached. The temperature T1 is the optimum temperature for ending the pressurization of the molten metal 5, and due to the solidification of the molten metal 5, the fluidity of the molten metal 5 in the product part, the runner part and the upper part of the gate is lost, and the molten metal 5 on the stalk 9 side from the upper part of the gate The temperature is set so that the fluidity of the liquid is maintained.

[0033] That is, the temperature T1 is set to the maximum temperature such that only the molten metal 5 on the stalk 9 side flows down from the upper part of the gate to the crucible 8 side even if the pressurization by the pressurizing device 10 is stopped. . In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, the temperature T1 is set so that the upper portion of the filter 23 remains in the structure. Temperature Τ2 is the optimal temperature for opening the mold. The temperature is lower than the temperature Tl, and is set to the maximum temperature at which the molten metal 5 solidifies to a hardness that does not change the shape and dimensions of the structure even when the mold is opened.

[0034] Further, in the manufacturing condition setting device 36 according to the present embodiment, the function of the temperature sensor 26 is impaired for some reason, and the temperatures Tl and T2 cannot be detected by the temperature sensor 26. It is configured so that good products can be manufactured. That is, when the temperature sensor 26 becomes defective, the construction condition setting device 36 pressurizes the molten metal 5 according to the time (pressing time and solidification time) without using the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 26. It is configured to set the time to finish and the time to open the mold.

More specifically, when the temperature sensor 26 becomes a defective force or defective for some reason, the manufacturing condition setting unit 36 starts the pressurization of the molten metal 5 from a predetermined pressurized state. When the time has elapsed, the pressurization of the molten metal 5 is terminated. Further, the production condition setting device 36 is configured to open the mold when the pressurization of the molten metal 5 is completed and when a predetermined solidification time has elapsed.

The pressurization time is a time from the start of the supply of the molten metal 5 to the time when the solidified portion of the molten metal 5 reaches the gate 22, and the temperature of the mold 3 and the molten metal 5 in the crucible 8 at the start of the supply of the molten metal 5. Based on the temperature of the mold 3, it is obtained by calculation corresponding to the type of the mold 3 used. The solidification time is the time required from the end of pressurizing the molten metal 5 to the time when the structure in the mold 3 solidifies to a hardness that does not easily deform. It is obtained by calculation based on the temperature of the mold 3 and corresponding to the type of the mold 3. It is to be noted that the pressurization time and the coagulation time are stored in a memory (not shown) as a map in advance, and are read from the memory.

Next, the operation of the above-described machine 1 will be described with reference to FIGS. 5 and 6, together with a more detailed description of the configuration of the control device 4. Here, only one operation (one shot) of the repetitive manufacturing operation will be described. For this reason, it is assumed that the manufacturing conditions for each mold 3 have already been input to the manufacturing condition setting device 36, and the mold 3 and the molten metal 5 have already been heated to the manufacturing temperature. The input of the manufacturing conditions is performed by inputting the number of the execution program determined for each mold 3.

[0038] In this construction machine 1, the construction work is carried out, for example, with the mold 3 clamped. Start by turning on the start switch that is not on. As a result of this switch operation, first, as shown in step S1 of FIG. 5, the fabrication condition setting unit 36 determines whether or not the force is such that the current temperature of the mold 3 and the temperature of the molten metal 5 are within the acceptable range. The non-defective range is a temperature range in which the structure becomes a non-defective product, and is set for each mold. If the result of this determination is N 0, that is, if the temperature is out of the non-defective range, the process proceeds to step S2, where the production condition setting unit 36 performs an alarm process for notifying the operator of a temperature abnormality, and performs subsequent production operations. Stop.

[0039] If the result of the determination is YES, the production condition setting unit 36 calculates the pressurizing time of the molten metal 5, which is essential when executing the production program when the function of the temperature sensor 26 is impaired. (Step S3). After that, the production condition setting device 36 sends a start signal to the pressurizing pressure controller 35 together with data indicating the supply speed of the molten metal 5 in step S4. When the start signal is sent to the pressurizing pressure controller 35 in this way, the inert gas is supplied into the furnace body 2 by the pressurizing device 10, the molten metal 5 is pressurized, and the stalk 9 internal force The sprue cup 24 and the sprue It is fed into the mold 3 through 2 and the filter. The molten metal 5 filled in the cavities 14 and 18 solidifies from the product part 25 in the cavities 14 and 18. The solidified portion of the molten metal 5 falls with the passage of time and proceeds from the inside of the runner 21 to the inside of the gate 22. On the other hand, when the pressurizing device 10 starts pressurizing as described above, at the same time, a timer (not shown) starts measuring time.

After that, the fabrication condition setting unit 36 detects the temperature of the molten metal 5 in the runner 21 by the temperature sensor 26 of the lower mold 12 in step S5. As shown in FIG. 6, the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 26 rises rapidly after the start of the production (after the start of the supply of the molten metal 5) and remains unchanged for a certain period of time (for example, when the molten metal 5 flows through the runner 21). Gradually decreases after passing through (state).铸 In step S6, the manufacturing condition setting device 36 compares the maximum value of the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 26 with a predetermined temperature range, and when the maximum temperature is within the set temperature range, the temperature sensor 26 Is determined to be normal. When the maximum temperature is out of the set temperature range, the construction condition setting unit 36 determines that the temperature sensor 26 is not functioning normally (abnormal).

[0041] If it is determined in step S6 that the temperature sensor 26 is abnormal, the timer counts down. When the elapsed time reaches the pressurizing time obtained in step S3, the manufacturing condition setting unit 36 sends a stop signal to the pressurizing pressure controller 35. Since the stop signal is sent to the pressurizing pressure controller 35, the pressurizing device 10 stops supplying the inert gas, and the pressurization of the molten metal 5 is completed (step S7). At about the same time as the supply of the molten metal 5 is stopped, the production condition setting unit 36 calculates the solidification time based on the temperature of the mold 3 at that time (step S8).

[0042] When the supply of the molten metal 5 is stopped in step S7, the molten metal 5 in the molten metal 5 in the mold is solidified, and the molten metal 5 passes from the gate 22 to the gate cup 24 and the stalk 9 to be a crucible. It falls into 8 and is returned. At this time, the melt 5 remaining in the mold 3 (the melt whose fluidity has been lost) is further solidified so as to increase in hardness because the supply of heat is cut off (step S9). When the pressurization of the molten metal 5 is completed, a timer (not shown) starts measuring time.

Thereafter, the manufacturing condition setting device 36 sends a mold opening signal to the drive device 13 after the time measured by the timer reaches the solidification time. When the mold opening signal is sent to the driving device 13, the upper mold 11 is raised by the driving device 13, and the mold is opened (Step 10 → Step 11).

[0043] If the determination result in step S6 is YES, that is, if it is determined that the temperature sensor 26 is functioning normally and V, the manufacturing condition setting device 36 controls the temperature sensor 26 in step S12. The temperature of the molten metal 5 in the runner 21 is detected. At this time, the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 26 changes as shown in FIG. 6, and gradually decreases as the solidification of the molten metal 5 progresses after reaching the maximum temperature. When the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 26 decreases to the predetermined temperature T1 (step S13), the manufacturing condition setting device 36 sends a stop signal to the pressurizing pressure controller 35. When this stop signal is sent to the pressurizing pressure controller 35, the pressurizing device 10 stops supplying the inert gas, and the pressurization of the molten metal 5 is completed (step S14).

When the pressurization of the molten metal 5 is completed, the unsolidified portion of the molten metal 5 falls back into the crucible 8 and the molten metal 5 having lost fluidity remains in the mold 3. Since the supply of heat is cut off, the temperature of the remaining molten metal 5 further decreases and solidification proceeds. As shown in steps S15 and S16, the manufacturing condition setting device 36 sends the temperature of the molten metal 5 in the runner section to the temperature sensor 26. Therefore, it is always detected. Then, when the temperature of the molten metal 5 detected by the temperature sensor 26 decreases to the predetermined temperature T2, the production condition setting unit 36 determines that the solidification has ended, and sends a mold opening signal to the driving device 13.

By sending the mold opening signal to the driving device 13 as described above, the upper mold 11 is raised by the driving device 13 to open the mold (step S11), and one fabrication operation is completed. This temperature is detected when the structure rises with the upper mold 11 when the mold is opened, or when the structure is released from the lower mold 12 even when the structure remains in the lower mold 12 when the mold is opened. Part 28a can be easily removed from the structure. This is because a taper forming a draft is formed in the temperature detecting portion 28a of the temperature sensor 26. Further, as described above, the protective tube 28 including the temperature detecting portion 28a and the thermocouple welded portion are made of the same material as the mold and have excellent wear resistance, so that abrasion with the structure at that time is suppressed. You.

The low-pressure forming machine 1 configured as described above has a temperature of the molten metal 5 located near the boundary between the gate 22 and the runner 21 (the temperature of the molten metal 5 solidified later than the cavities 14, 18). Is directly detected by the temperature sensor 26. For this reason, when the temperature of the structure reaches the temperature most suitable for the end of the pressurization of the molten metal 5 or the opening of the mold, the low-pressure forging machine 1 terminates the pressurization of the molten metal 5 or opens the mold. Can be. Therefore, the pressurization time of the molten metal 5 and the solidification time from the end of pressurization to the opening of the mold can be shortened to the minimum necessary range in which the product becomes a non-defective product, and the cycle time of the production is shortened. Productivity can be further improved.

[0047] The temperature detecting portion 28a of the temperature sensor 26 used in the machine 1 according to this embodiment has a taper forming a draft, and the inner wall surface force of the lower mold 12 also increases along the mold opening direction. It is projected inside. Therefore, the temperature sensor 26 can detect the temperature of the molten metal 5 located in the vicinity of the product portion 25 in the runner 21, and the force can be easily detected from the structure after the temperature detection unit 28a is formed. Can be removed. Therefore, the temperature sensor 26 can accurately detect the temperature of the molten metal 5 while preventing the temperature detecting portion 28a from being damaged when the mold is opened and the structure is released.

[0048] The part near the boundary between the gate 22 and the runner 21 in the lower mold 12 in the molding machine 1 according to this embodiment is located outside the product part 25 of the molding. Also, fill that part The temperature of the molten metal 5 is substantially equal to the temperature of the molten metal 5 in the product part 25, and is solidified in substantially the same manner only slightly later than the product part 25. The machine 1 according to this embodiment employs a configuration in which the temperature sensor 26 detects the temperature of the molten metal 5 located near the boundary between the gate 22 and the runner 21. Therefore, the temperature sensor 26 can detect a temperature equivalent to that of the product part 25 of the structure, and can determine the pressurizing end time and the mold opening time of the molten metal 5 with high accuracy. In other words, in this machine 1, in setting both times, it is not necessary to extend the supply time and the coagulation time as in the past so as to allow the temperature difference between the temperature detection part and the product part 25. The cycle time can be reduced accordingly. In addition, since the trace of the temperature sensor 26 is not formed on the product part 25, the structure 1 can produce a high-quality structure.

[0049] The machine 1 according to the present embodiment has a configuration in which the temperature of the molten metal 5 is directly detected, and the pressurizing end time and the mold opening time of the molten metal 5 are determined based on this temperature. For this reason, even if the temperature of the mold 3 at the time of starting the structure varies, the end of the pressurization of the molten metal 5 and the opening of the mold can be performed at the optimal time according to the state of the structure. Therefore, the machine 1 shortens the supply time and the solidification time of the molten metal 5 to the minimum necessary range in which a good product can be obtained so that the pressurization time and the solidification time do not become unnecessarily long or short. Therefore, productivity can be further improved.

(Second Embodiment)

The temperature sensor can be provided at the gate as shown in FIG. FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing another example in which a temperature sensor is provided at the gate of a low-pressure manufacturing machine. In FIG. 7, the same reference numerals are given to members that are the same as or equivalent to those described with reference to FIGS. Detailed description is omitted as appropriate.

The temperature sensor 26 shown in FIG. 7 is attached to the lower mold 12 in such a state that the temperature detecting portion 28a also projects laterally into the gate 22. Further, in the lower mold 12, a convex portion 41 is formed in the gate 22 in order to prevent the temperature detector 28a from being pressed by the molten metal 5 rising in the gate 22.

The convex portion 41 is formed so that a part of the peripheral wall of the gate 22 partially projects into the gate 22. In this embodiment, the resistance when the molten metal 5 rises in the gate 22 is described. In order to reduce the resistance as much as possible, the protruding edge of the projection 41 is inclined so as to gradually approach the center of the gate 22 as it goes upward. The connecting portion between the convex portion 41 and the temperature detecting portion 28a has a temperature inside a concave portion 41a formed on the upper surface of the convex portion 41 so that the temperature detecting portion 28a having a circular cross section exposes only the upper half. A structure is adopted in which the lower half of the detection unit 28a is fitted.

As described above, the temperature of the molten metal 5 in the gate 22 can be directly detected by the temperature sensor 26 by allowing the temperature detecting section 28a of the temperature sensor 26 to face the gate 22. For this reason, adopting this configuration has the same effect as the case of adopting the first embodiment.

(Third Embodiment)

An embodiment in which the present invention is applied to a gravity construction machine will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 8A, 8B to 11.

FIGS. 8A, 8B, 9A, and 9B are views showing a mold used in a gravitational machine. In these figures, FIGS. 8A and 9A are cross-sectional plan views, and FIGS. 8B and 9B are vertical cross-sectional views. It is a figure. FIG. 10 is a flowchart for explaining the operation at the time of manufacturing, and FIG. 11 is a graph showing a temperature change of the molten metal.

8A, 8B, 9A, and 9B includes a first mold 52 and a second mold 53 formed so that the mold opening direction is horizontal. Then, a hot water の上 57 force is formed on the cavities 54, 55! The first mold 52 and the second mold 53 are mounted on a mold driving device (not shown), and the driving device opens and closes the mold.

In the mold 51 shown in FIGS. 8A and 8B, the molten metal 5 is supplied into the cavities 54, 55 from the feeders 56, 57. In the mold 51 shown in FIGS. 9A and 9B, a spout 58 is formed so as to open upward from the side of the feeders 56 and 57, and a cavity 54 is formed from the spout 58 through a runner 59. , 55 are supplied with the molten metal 5 at the bottom. In these molds 51, the temperature sensors 26 are provided in the bathers 56 and 57, respectively.

The temperature sensor 26 is the same as that used in the first embodiment, and the temperature detection unit 28a has the first inner wall surface force of the feeder unit 56 projecting along the mold opening direction. The mold is mounted on 52. That is, in this case as well, the molten metal 5 is set later than the cavities 54 and 55. A temperature sensor 26 is provided at the portion to be hardened. When the molten metal 5 is supplied to the bottoms of the cavities 54 and 55 using the sprue 58 and the runner 59 as shown in the mold 51 shown in FIGS. 9A and 9B, the two-dot chain line in FIG. In addition, the temperature sensor 26 can be provided at the gate 58.

[0055] The gravity machine having the mold 51 configured as described above is controlled by a controller (not shown) as shown in FIG. That is, first, in step P1 of the flowchart shown in FIG. 10, the control device 4 determines whether or not the current temperature of the mold 51 and the temperature of the molten metal 5 are within the acceptable range. The non-defective range is a temperature range in which the structure becomes a non-defective product, and is set for each mold. If the result of this determination is NO, that is, if the temperature is outside the non-defective range, the process proceeds to step P2, where the control device performs an alarm process for notifying the operator of a temperature abnormality, and stops the subsequent fabrication operation.

If the result of the determination is YES, this machine supplies the molten metal 5 into the mold 51 by, for example, a molten metal supply device (not shown) so that the mold 51 is filled with the molten metal 5 ( Pouring) (Step P3). At the time of this pouring, the control device 4 calculates the solidification time of the molten metal 5 which is essential when executing the production program when the function of the temperature sensor 26 is impaired. At this time, the timer starts counting time.

After supplying the molten metal 5 into the mold 51 as described above, the control device controls the temperature of the molten metal 5 in the pusher portions 56 and 57 or in the spout 58 by the temperature sensor 26 as shown in Step P4. Is detected. As shown in FIG. 11, the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 26 rises sharply after the start of production (start of pouring of molten metal), and gradually decreases after a state in which it does not change for a certain period. After that, in step P5, the control device 4 determines that the temperature sensor 26 is normal when the maximum value of the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 26 is within a predetermined temperature range. When the above-mentioned maximum value is out of the temperature range, the control device 4 determines that the temperature sensor 26 is functioning normally and that the temperature sensor 26 is abnormal (abnormal).

[0058] If it is determined in step P5 that the temperature sensor 26 is abnormal, the control device waits until the elapsed time measured by the timer 1 reaches the solidification time obtained in step P3 (step S5). P6) Then, a mold opening signal is sent to the mold driving device. In this way, the mold is opened by sending the mold opening signal to the mold driving device (step P7). If the determination result in Step P5 is YES, that is, if the temperature sensor 26 is functioning normally, the control device detects the temperature of the molten metal 5 by the temperature sensor 26 in Step P8.

The temperature detected by the temperature sensor 26 changes as shown in FIG. 11, and decreases as the solidification of the molten metal 5 progresses after reaching the maximum temperature. When the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 26 decreases to a predetermined temperature T3 (Step P9), the control device opens the mold by the mold driving device (Step P7). The temperature T3 is set to the maximum temperature at which the molten metal 5 solidifies to a hardness that does not change the shape of the structure even when the mold is opened. By opening the mold in this way, one fabrication operation is completed. When the first mold force is released from the structure after the structure is formed, the temperature detection portion 28a of the temperature sensor 26 is formed with a taper that forms a draft, so that the temperature detection portion 28a can be easily removed from the structure. Can be removed.

[0060] Therefore, in the gravity forming machine provided with the mold 51 according to the present embodiment, the temperature of the molten metal 5 is directly detected by the temperature sensor 26, and the mold opening timing can be determined based on this temperature. As a result, in the gravity-building machine, even if the temperature of the mold 51 at the start of the fabrication varies, the mold 51 can be opened at an optimal time according to the state of the structure.

For this reason, according to this machine for gravity production, the solidification time of the molten metal 5 can be shortened to the minimum necessary range in which the product becomes a good product without the solidification time being unnecessarily long or insufficient. Power can be further improved.

Industrial applicability

[0061] The present invention can be used for a machine for manufacturing parts such as a cylinder head of a vehicle engine, a marine engine, and other general-purpose engines.

Claims

The scope of the claims

[1] In a machine equipped with a temperature sensor for detecting a temperature for controlling an operation timing, the temperature sensor directly contacts the molten metal at a portion where the molten metal solidifies later than the cavity in the mold. A structural machine characterized by being provided as follows.

[2] The machine according to claim 1, wherein the operation time is a supply stop time of the molten metal.

[3] The machine according to claim 1, wherein the operation time is a mold opening time.

[4] In the machine according to claim 1, the temperature detecting portion of the temperature sensor is formed with a taper forming a draft, and protrudes in the mold opening direction inside the mold and inside the mold. A machine.

[5] The machine according to claim 4, wherein the machine is a low-pressure machine, and a temperature detecting portion of the temperature sensor is provided at a position facing a boundary between a gate and a runner in the lower mold. A structural machine characterized by being damaged.

[6] The machine according to claim 1, wherein the machine is a low-pressure machine, and the temperature sensor of the temperature sensor is installed at a position facing a boundary between a gate and a runner in the lower mold. A structural machine characterized by being damaged.

[7] In the machine according to claim 6, when the temperature of the molten metal detected by the temperature sensor reaches a predetermined pressure end temperature, the pressurization of the molten metal is terminated, and the temperature is detected by the temperature sensor. A machine comprising a control device for opening the mold when the temperature of the molten metal reaches a predetermined mold opening temperature.

[8] In the forging machine according to claim 1, the forging machine is a forging machine for gravity, and a temperature detecting portion of a temperature sensor is provided in a pusher portion of a mold, and a temperature of the molten metal detected by the temperature sensor is set in advance. A machine having a control device for opening a mold when a predetermined mold opening temperature is reached.

[9] The machine according to claim 1, wherein the machine is a gravity machine, wherein a temperature detecting portion of a temperature sensor is provided at a gate of a mold, and a temperature of the molten metal detected by the temperature sensor is predetermined. It is equipped with a control device that opens the mold when the mold opening temperature is reached. 铸铸徴.