CN108856679A - A kind of low-pressure casting method of aluminum alloy car wheel - Google Patents
A kind of low-pressure casting method of aluminum alloy car wheel Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108856679A CN108856679A CN201810925490.4A CN201810925490A CN108856679A CN 108856679 A CN108856679 A CN 108856679A CN 201810925490 A CN201810925490 A CN 201810925490A CN 108856679 A CN108856679 A CN 108856679A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- temperature
- low
- aluminum alloy
- car wheel
- casting method
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D18/00—Pressure casting; Vacuum casting
- B22D18/04—Low pressure casting, i.e. making use of pressures up to a few bars to fill the mould
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D18/00—Pressure casting; Vacuum casting
- B22D18/08—Controlling, supervising, e.g. for safety reasons
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D27/00—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting
- B22D27/04—Influencing the temperature of the metal, e.g. by heating or cooling the mould
- B22D27/06—Heating the top discard of ingots
Abstract
It is as follows the present invention relates to a kind of low-pressure casting method of aluminum alloy car wheel：The temperature of casting mould is controlled at 200~300 DEG C, and the temperature difference of upper and lower mould is controlled at 10 DEG C.Temperature of aluminum liquid control cast at 680 ± 20 DEG C.Casting mould uses self-heating thermal insulation riser, and specific practice is：It is provided with temperature control device on riser, guarantees that its temperature in carrying out forming process is not less than 280 DEG C.Thus, real time temperature monitoring is carried out to riser inner cavity in real time by temperature control device, and carrying out heat supplement makes temperature of aluminum liquid in its riser be consistently higher than certain value in casting process, keep molten aluminum setting time elongated, extend the feeding time, and the occurrence probability of defect in casting is reduced, substantially increase finished product rate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to casting technology fields, in particular to a kind of low-pressure casting method of aluminum alloy car wheel.
Background technique
Nave boss casting and forming must assure that good surface quality and higher dimensional accuracy, and but its structure is complex, wall thickness
Difference is larger, and process parameter difficulty control, causes yield rate not high, is embodied in：Easily occur in product stomata, slag inclusion,
The defects of shrinkage porosite.Drawbacks described above is often difficult to discover, and could find during post-production mostly, but early period has been put into
Great amount of cost causes a large amount of wasting of resources.Thus, it would be highly desirable to technical staff solves the above problems.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of low-pressure casting methods of aluminum alloy car wheel, to avoid there is gas
The defects of hole, slag inclusion, shrinkage porosite, meets customer specification, at the same time, substantially increases finished product rate.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, as follows the present invention relates to a kind of low-pressure casting method of aluminum alloy car wheel：Casting
The temperature of modeling tool is controlled at 200~300 DEG C, and the temperature difference of upper and lower mould is controlled at 10 DEG C.Temperature of aluminum liquid control of casting exists
680±20℃.Casting mould uses self-heating thermal insulation riser, and specific practice is：It is provided with temperature control device on riser, guarantees it
Temperature is not less than 280 DEG C in carrying out forming process.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal, by temperature control device in real time to riser inner cavity progress real time temperature monitoring, and into
Row heat supplement makes temperature of aluminum liquid in its riser be consistently higher than certain value in casting process, keeps molten aluminum setting time elongated, prolongs
The long feeding time, and the occurrence probability of defect in casting is reduced, substantially increase finished product rate.
As a further improvement of the present invention, low pressure casting process control by electric Proportion valve be classified and add
Pressure comprising：It rises liquid, fill type, pressurization, pressure maintaining, release stage, wherein rise the pressing time control in liquid stage in 5~8s, pressure
Power is uniformly increased to 0.16Mpa；The pressing time for filling the type stage controls in 10~15s, and pressure is uniformly increased to 0.2Mpa；Pressurization
The pressing time in stage controls in 10~15s, and pressure is uniformly increased to 0.28Mpa；The dwell time for filling the type stage controls 220
~300s.
Aluminum alloy car wheel fills the type stage in casting process, and the viscosity of molten aluminum itself is increased with the reduction of temperature, from
And lead to the slag inclusion wherein mixed and gas etc. and be not readily separated to come, and then defect is caused to generate, significantly reduce the mechanics of product
Performance has changed pressure control values, and corresponding adjustment by using the mode of classification pressurization, and compared to conventional casting techniques
Pressure rising time, efficiently solve the above problem.
As a further improvement of the present invention, temperature control device includes the electric heater unit for being surrounded on riser, is embedded in riser
Interior temperature sensor and the controller to electric heater unit real-time perfoming power adjustment.By temperature sensor by monitoring
Temperature data real-time transmission sends a control signal to electric heater unit after handling, analyzing to controller.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal, the automatic detection of riser cavity temperature and the automatic confession of heating heat are realized
It gives, so that control process much sooner, accurately, effectively improves molten aluminum setting time, reduces finished product ratio of defects.
As a further improvement of the present invention, temperature sensor is radio temperature sensor.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal, reduce number of wires, the structure of riser itself can be simplified to a certain extent,
Reduce casting mould itself manufacture difficulty.
As a further improvement of the present invention, electric heater unit includes heating wire, is wrapped in the outer wall of riser.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal, efficient energy conversion is improved, accelerates the heating rate of molten aluminum.
As a further improvement of the present invention, it is provided with insulating layer in the side mode of casting mould, to delay nave boss to form
Cooling rate afterwards.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal, the molten aluminum temperature drop speed intracavitary in type is reduced to a certain extent, more favorably
In the precipitation of impurity, gas etc., the generation of defect is reduced, and significantly reduces moulding stress.
As a further improvement of the present invention, it is coated with releasing agent layer in the mold cavity surface of casting mould, thickness is less than
0.05mm。
By using above-mentioned process, be conducive to form separation layer and lubricating film in casting and mold members, so that casting
It demoulds after the completion more smoothly, guarantees the stability of its own size, improve surface roughness and also improve casting in addition to this
Modeling has the service life of itself.
As a further improvement of the present invention, release agent is water based mold release agent, is sprayed by spray gun.
It constructs by using water based mold release agent, greatly reduces difficulty of construction, and process control is simpler.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the operating angle of spray gun tilts 15~30 °, and distance relative to mold cavity
With 100~150mm of sprayed surface.The operating pressure control of spray gun in 0.5~0.6Mpa, nozzle flow control 10~
15cm3/s.The mass fraction of water based mold release agent is not less than 5%.
By using above-mentioned construction method, it is more advantageous to the uniformity of the thickness and thickness that guarantee releasing agent layer itself,
Consistency.
As a further improvement of the present invention, when formally being sprayed, mold cavity temperature is controlled at 320~400 DEG C.
By using above-mentioned construction method, to improve the binding force of releasing agent layer and casting mold cavity, obscission is reduced
Probability.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technical description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only this
Some embodiments of invention for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can be with
It obtains other drawings based on these drawings.
Fig. 1 is heat insulation layer structure schematic diagram in casting mould of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of self-heating insulated feeder in casting mould of the present invention.
1- nave boss；2- casting mould；21- insulating layer；22- riser；221- electric heating wire；222- radio temperature sensor.
Specific embodiment
Combined with specific embodiments below, the contents of the present invention are described in further detail.The present invention relates to one kind
The low-pressure casting method of aluminum alloy car wheel, it is specific as follows：The temperature of casting mould is controlled at 200~300 DEG C, and upper and lower mould
Temperature difference is controlled at 10 DEG C.Temperature of aluminum liquid control cast at 680 ± 20 DEG C.Casting mould uses self-heating thermal insulation riser, guarantees
Its temperature in carrying out forming process is not less than 280 DEG C.Real time temperature monitoring is carried out to riser inner cavity in real time by temperature control device,
And carrying out heat supplement makes temperature of aluminum liquid in its riser be consistently higher than certain value in casting process, becomes molten aluminum setting time
It is long, extend the feeding time, and reduce the occurrence probability of defect in casting, substantially increases finished product rate.
In order to reduce the molten aluminum temperature drop speed intracavitary in casting mould type, it is more advantageous to the precipitation of impurity, gas etc., is dropped
The generation of low defect, and moulding stress is significantly reduced, high-temperature-resistant thermal-insulation layer can be enclosed in the side mode of casting mould 1
21, asbestos (as shown in fig. 1) specifically can be selected.
As shown in Figure 2, self-heating thermal insulation riser specific practice can be that temperature control device is provided on riser 22 (in figure
It is not shown) comprising it is surrounded on the electric heater unit of riser, uses electric heating wire 211, specifically in addition it can by riser
Spiral groove is opened up on 22 to be inlayed.In order to enable temperature controlled processes much sooner, accurately, are also inlayed in riser 22
Radio temperature sensor 222 and controller (not shown) to 211 real-time perfoming power adjustment of electric heating wire, realize
The automatic detection of 22 cavity temperature of riser and automatically supplying for heating heat.Specific control process is as follows：It is passed by wireless temperature
The temperature data real-time transmission of monitoring to controller is sent a control signal to electric heating wire after handling, analyzing by sensor 222
211.It is arranged through the above way, effectively reduces number of wires to simplify the knot of riser 22 itself to a certain extent
Structure reduces casting mould itself manufacture difficulty.
Aluminum alloy car wheel fills the type stage in casting process, and the viscosity of molten aluminum itself is increased with the reduction of temperature, from
And lead to the slag inclusion wherein mixed and gas etc. and be not readily separated to come, and then defect is caused to generate, significantly reduce the mechanics of product
Performance can also control the pressure during casting and forming and optimize to solve this technical problem, and preferably classification adds
Pressure mode comprising：Rise liquid, fill type, pressurization, pressure maintaining, release stage, wherein rise the pressing time control in liquid stage 5~
8s, pressure are uniformly increased to 0.16Mpa；The pressing time for filling the type stage controls in 10~15s, and pressure is uniformly increased to
0.2Mpa；The pressing time of pressurization stages controls in 10~15s, and pressure is uniformly increased to 0.28Mpa；When filling the pressure maintaining in type stage
Between control in 220~300s.
As advanced optimizing, it can also be coated with releasing agent layer in the mold cavity surface of casting mould, thickness is less than
0.05mm.Release agent is water based mold release agent, is sprayed by spray gun.Mode of operation is recommended as follows：The operating angle phase of spray gun
15~30 °, and distance and 100~150mm of sprayed surface are tilted for mold cavity.The operating pressure control of spray gun 0.5~
0.6Mpa, nozzle flow are controlled in 10~15cm3/s.The mass fraction of water based mold release agent is not less than 5%.Pass through above-mentioned technique
Scheme is conducive to form separation layer and lubricating film in casting and mold members, so that demoulding is more smooth after the completion of casting, guarantees it
The stability of own dimensions improves surface roughness and also improves the service life of casting mould itself in addition to this.In addition,
In order to improve the binding force of releasing agent layer and casting mold cavity, when formally being sprayed, mold cavity temperature is preferably controlled in 320
~400 DEG C, to reduce the Probability of obscission.
Finally, can also be purified to molten aluminum, the specific method is as follows before carrying out formal casting process：Use solvent
Cleanser (such as prodan) is mixed into aluminum alloy melt using argon gas as carrier by spray head by spraying machine, and is worked spray head and pressed
Power is controlled, so that molten aluminum generates flow-disturbing, is greatly enhanced gas and cleanser and is come into full contact with molten aluminum, and impurity and nocuousness are conducive to
The precipitation of gas improves clean-up effect.
The foregoing description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention.
Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, as defined herein
General Principle can be realized in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention.Therefore, of the invention
It is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, and is to fit to and the principles and novel features disclosed herein phase one
The widest scope of cause.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of low-pressure casting method of aluminum alloy car wheel, which is characterized in that the temperature of casting mould is controlled at 200~300 DEG C,
And the temperature difference of upper and lower mould is controlled at 10 DEG C；Temperature of aluminum liquid control cast at 680 ± 20 DEG C；The casting mould is using spontaneous
Hot insulated feeder, specific practice are：Be provided with temperature control device on the riser, guarantee its carry out forming process in temperature not
Lower than 280 DEG C.
2. the low-pressure casting method of aluminum alloy car wheel according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the low pressure casting process
Control, which is carried out, by electric Proportion valve carries out classification pressurization comprising：It rises liquid, fill type, pressurization, pressure maintaining, release stage, wherein
The pressing time in described liter of liquid stage controls in 5~8s, and pressure is uniformly increased to 0.16Mpa；When the pressurization for filling the type stage
Between control in 10~15s, pressure is uniformly increased to 0.2Mpa；The pressing time of the pressurization stages controls in 10~15s, pressure
Uniformly it is increased to 0.28Mpa；The dwell time for filling the type stage controls in 220~300s.
3. the low-pressure casting method of aluminum alloy car wheel according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the temperature control device includes
It is surrounded on the electric heater unit of the riser, the temperature sensor that is embedded in the riser and real to the electric heater unit
The controller of Shi Jinhang power adjustment；By the temperature sensor by the temperature data real-time transmission of monitoring to the control
Device sends a control signal to the electric heater unit after handling, analyzing.
4. according to the low-pressure casting method for the aluminum alloy car wheel that claim 3 is stated, which is characterized in that the temperature sensor is nothing
Line temperature sensor.
5. the low-pressure casting method of aluminum alloy car wheel according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the electric heater unit packet
Heating wire is included, the outer wall of the riser is wrapped in.
6. the low-pressure casting method of aluminum alloy car wheel according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the casting mould
Insulating layer is provided in side mode, to delay nave boss cooling rate after molding.
7. the low-pressure casting method of aluminum alloy car wheel according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the type chamber of casting mould
Surface is coated with releasing agent layer, and thickness is less than 0.05mm.
8. according to the low-pressure casting method for the aluminum alloy car wheel that claim 7 is stated, which is characterized in that the release agent is water base de-
Mould agent, is sprayed by spray gun.
9. according to the low-pressure casting method for the aluminum alloy car wheel that claim 8 is stated, which is characterized in that the operating angle of the spray gun
15~30 °, and distance and 100~150mm of sprayed surface are tilted relative to the mold cavity；The operating pressure control of the spray gun
System is controlled in 0.5~0.6Mpa, nozzle flow in 10~15cm3/s；The mass fraction of the water based mold release agent is not less than
5%.
10. the low-pressure casting method of aluminum alloy car wheel according to claim 9, which is characterized in that when formally being sprayed, institute
The control of mold cavity temperature is stated at 320~400 DEG C.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810925490.4A CN108856679A (en) | 2018-08-14 | 2018-08-14 | A kind of low-pressure casting method of aluminum alloy car wheel |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810925490.4A CN108856679A (en) | 2018-08-14 | 2018-08-14 | A kind of low-pressure casting method of aluminum alloy car wheel |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN108856679A true CN108856679A (en) | 2018-11-23 |
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ID=64318966
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810925490.4A Pending CN108856679A (en) | 2018-08-14 | 2018-08-14 | A kind of low-pressure casting method of aluminum alloy car wheel |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110560664A (en) * | 2019-09-18 | 2019-12-13 | 重庆市超群工业股份有限公司 | casting, pouring method and application thereof, casting method of automobile wheel and automobile wheel |
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