WO2005063986A1 - 免疫応答調節蛋白質 - Google Patents
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Classifications
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- C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
- C12Q1/00—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions
- C12Q1/68—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions involving nucleic acids
- C12Q1/6876—Nucleic acid products used in the analysis of nucleic acids, e.g. primers or probes
- C12Q1/6883—Nucleic acid products used in the analysis of nucleic acids, e.g. primers or probes for diseases caused by alterations of genetic material
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- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K14/00—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
- C07K14/435—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
- C07K14/46—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans from vertebrates
- C07K14/47—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans from vertebrates from mammals
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K16/00—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies
- C07K16/18—Immunoglobulins [IGs], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material from animals or humans
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
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Definitions
- the invention of this application relates to a novel human immune response regulatory gene and a human immune response regulatory protein that regulate an immune response.
- the immune system plays an essential role in host defense. Activation of the immune system is regulated by a variety of trace proteins secreted between cells, intracellularly or extracellularly. Immune cells work through these molecules in host defense while maintaining homeostasis. On the other hand, disruption of the immune system not only causes serious infections, but also causes various diseases such as autoimmune diseases, allergies, immunodeficiency and cancer. Therefore, elucidation of trace protein substances that regulate immunity is important in accurately understanding various pathological conditions involving the immune system and formulating effective treatment policies. It is thought that the disease can be overcome.
- Proteins involved in the regulation of the immune response include, for example, interleukins (IL) 1-29, lipid A, phospholipase A2, endotoxin, staphylococcal enterotoxin B and other toxins, type I interferon, type II Monoferon, tumor necrosis factor, transforming growth factor- / 3 ("TGF- / 3"), lymphotoxin, migration inhibitory factor, granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor (CSF), monocyte macrophage CSF, Granulocyte CSF, Vascular epithelial growth factor, Angiotensin, Transforming growth factor, Heat shock protein, Sugar chain of blood group, Rh factor
- IL interleukins
- lipid A lipid A
- phospholipase A2 endotoxin
- staphylococcal enterotoxin B and other toxins
- type I interferon type II Monoferon
- tumor necrosis factor transforming growth factor- / 3
- TGF- / 3 transforming growth factor-
- a trace protein that promotes or regulates an immune response can itself be a drug that prevents or corrects various diseases related to immune abnormalities such as carcinogenesis and allergic diseases, autoimmune diseases, and chronic infections. However, it is also useful as a diagnostic tool for accurately ascertaining the disease state, and has the potential as an overnight get protein for the development of antibody drugs and small molecule drugs. Those with an immunostimulatory effect are also useful as vaccine additives. Therefore, it is desired to obtain as many immune-related proteins as possible.
- the invention of this application has been made in view of the above circumstances, and it is an object of the invention to provide a novel human immune response regulatory protein, its gene, antibody, and an invention utilizing them.
- the first invention is a human isolated gene, wherein the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 2 or one or more amino acid residues in SEQ ID NO: 2 is deleted, added or replaced with another amino acid residue. It is an immune response regulatory gene that codes for an immune response regulatory protein having a substituted sequence.
- a cDNA synthesized from a transcript mRNA has a base sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1.
- a second invention is a polynucleotide purified from the genomic DNA, mRNA, cDNA or their complementary sequence of the immune response regulatory gene of the first invention.
- a third invention is an oligonucleotide that hybridizes under stringent conditions to the immune response regulator gene of the first invention or the purified polynucleotide of the second invention.
- a fourth invention is a primer set for PCR-amplifying the immune response control gene of the first invention or the purified polynucleotide of the second invention.
- a fifth invention is a recombinant vector having the purified polynucleotide of the second invention or the oligonucleotide of the third invention.
- a sixth invention is a transformed cell obtained by the recombinant vector according to the fifth invention.
- a seventh invention relates to a purified human protein, which comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 2 or a sequence in which one or more amino acid residues in SEQ ID NO: 2 have been deleted, added, or substituted with other amino acid residues.
- Immune response regulating protein One embodiment of the immune response regulating protein of the seventh invention is a protein which is an expression product of the immune response regulating gene of the first invention or the polynucleotide of the second invention.
- An eighth invention is a purified or synthesized peptide comprising a part of the immune response regulatory protein of the seventh invention.
- One embodiment of the peptide of the eighth invention is the amino acid No. 1-164 in SEQ ID NO: 2.
- a ninth invention is a monoclonal or polyclonal antibody that specifically recognizes the immune response control protein of the seventh invention.
- a tenth invention is a hybridoma cell that produces the monoclonal antibody.
- An eleventh invention is a pharmaceutical composition for regulating an immune response,
- a pharmaceutical composition comprising at least one selected from the group consisting of:
- This pharmaceutical composition includes, for example, anti-inflammatory agents, anti-allergic agents, immune response regulators, anti-infective agents, anti-cancer agents, immunostimulants, and vaccine preparations.
- a twelfth invention is a method for measuring the expression level of the immune response regulatory gene of the first invention, which comprises measuring the expression product of the gene in a biological sample isolated from a subject. This is a level measurement method.
- a specific embodiment is that the gene expression product is mRNA or the immune response regulatory protein of the seventh invention.
- a thirteenth invention is a cell or animal in which the immune response regulatory protein of the seventh invention is overexpressed.
- a fourteenth invention is a method for producing an antibody against an arbitrary protein in an animal body, comprising a step of administering an antigenic substance to the animal of the thirteenth invention, and a step of isolating the antibody from the animal.
- Characteristic method the term "polynucleotide” refers to a purine or a pyrimidine. Nucleoside phosphate (ATP, GTP, CTP, UTP; or dATP, dGTP, dCTP, dTTP) whose sugar is i3-N-glycosidically linked to a sugar. Refers to a 2-99 linked molecule.
- Protein and “peptide” refer to a molecule composed of a plurality of amino acid residues linked together by amide bonds (peptide bonds) or unnatural residue linkages. Further, in the present invention, “deletion or addition of one or more amino acid residues or substitution with another amino acid residue” means that the function of the immune response regulatory protein of the present invention is not substantially changed. In the above, it means that 30% or less, preferably 20% or less, more preferably 10% or less of amino acid residues in the entire amino acid sequence are added, deleted or replaced. Other terms and concepts in each invention of this application are defined in detail in the description of embodiments of the invention »Examples.
- FIG. 1 shows the result of Northern blotting analysis of UKCl mRNA expression in Thl and Th2 cells.
- FIG. 2 shows the results of SDS-PAGE analysis of the UKC1 recombinant protein derived from E. coli. Coomassie brilliant blue staining. Lane 1 is the molecular weight marker, Lane 2 is His-ss-UKCl, and Lane 3 is UKC1-His.
- FIG. 3 shows COS-7 cells transfected with pcDNA3.1 (-) (Control), COS-7 cells transfected with cD-UKC1 (UKC1), unstimulated Th2 cells (Control) and PMA / ionomycin stimulated Shown are the results of immunoprecipitation of each culture supernatant of the Th 2 cells (PMA / ion) thus obtained using the CX-2 antibody, and Western blot analysis after EndoF treatment (+) or untreated (-).
- Figure 4 is an SDS-PAGE analysis image of UKC1 protein derived from COS-7 cells.
- FIG. 2 shows a reaction curve of a standard UKC1 protein in a sandwich ELISA using two kinds of anti-UKC1 monoclonal antibodies (CX2 and CX10).
- the vertical axis shows the OD value at 592 nm, and the horizontal axis shows the concentration of UCK1 (ng / nil).
- FIG. 6 shows production of UKC1 in Thl and Th2 cells.
- FIG. 7 shows the effect of UKC1 on the proliferative response of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells to cedar pollen, PPD and PHA.
- the presence of purified human Bok peripheral blood mononuclear UKC1 (UKC1) and absence in (Control), cedar antigen, PPD and stimulated with PHA, DNA synthesis at day 5 of cell 3 H-thymidine incorporation was evaluated.
- the vertical axis is 3H-thvmidine uptake (CPM).
- FIG. 8 shows the ability of UKC1 protein to stimulate the proliferation of mouse B cells.
- UKC1 protein B cell growth stimulating activity by white evaluated the proliferative response of B cells as DNA synthesizing ability pulsed with 3 H-thymidine to the culture 24 to 40 hours.
- the vertical axis is the 3 H-thymidine uptake (CPM).
- 1 is PBS (control)
- 2 is His-hPGDS (5 g / ml)
- 3 is His-ss-UKCl (5 g / ml)
- 4 is UKCl-His (1.2 g / ml).
- FIG. 9 shows the activity of UKCl protein to suppress the growth of antigen-specific Th2 cells.
- FIG. 10 is a graph showing the action of UKCl to promote the growth of human B cells.
- the vertical axis is 3H-thymidine uptake (CPM).
- 1 is B cell + medium (control)
- 2 is B cell + native UKC1 (40 ng / ml).
- FIG. 11 is a graph showing the action of UCK1 to enhance antibody production in OVA-immunized mice. IgG antibody against OVA in serum was measured by ELISA using OVA as immobilized antigen.
- the vertical axis of the graph indicates the antibody titer (serum dilution factor at which the absorbance of ELISA shows the maximum value of 1Z2).
- 1 is the serum of a mouse immunized with OVA + ICA
- 2 is the serum of a mouse immunized with OVA + FCA
- 3 is the serum of a mouse immunized with OVA + UKC1 + ICA.
- the immune response regulatory gene of the present invention is a human gene encoding an immune response regulatory protein (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “UKC1”). 2 of A human gene encoding an immune response regulatory protein having an amino acid sequence.
- the cDNA of the UKC1 gene has the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1.
- the UKC1 gene can be isolated by screening using a human genomic library using the oligonucleotide probes provided by the present invention.
- a partial sequence (15 bp or more) of the purified polynucleotide (eg, cDNA) provided by the present invention or its complementary sequence can be used. Screening with a probe can be performed under stringent conditions that allow specific hybridization of genomic DNA and the probe. Stringent conditions are defined by the salt concentration in the hybridization and washing steps, the concentration of organic solvents (such as formaldehyde), temperature conditions, and the like. For example, the conditions disclosed in US Patent No. 6,100,037 can be adopted.
- the labeling of the probe can be performed by the radioisotope (RI) method or the non-RI method, but the non-RI method is preferred.
- the non-RI method includes a fluorescent labeling method, a biotin labeling method, and a chemiluminescence method. And the like, but it is preferable to use a fluorescent labeling method.
- a substance capable of binding to the base portion of the oligonucleotide can be appropriately selected and used, but cyanine dyes (for example, Cy3 and Cy5 of the Cy DyeTM series), rhodamine 6G reagent, N-acetoxy -N 2 -acetylaminofluorene (AAF), AAIF (an iodine derivative of AAF) and the like can be used.
- cyanine dyes for example, Cy3 and Cy5 of the Cy DyeTM series
- rhodamine 6G reagent for example, Cy3 and Cy5 of the Cy DyeTM series
- rhodamine 6G reagent for example, Cy3 and Cy5 of the Cy DyeTM series
- AAF N-acetoxy -N 2 -acetylaminofluorene
- AAIF an iodine derivative of AAF
- the UKC1 gene can also be amplified by PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) using an appropriate primer set and human genomic DNA or cDNA prepared from cells expressing the gene as type III.
- the primer set can be prepared by combining two or more of the partial sequences (15 bp or more) selected from the purified polynucleotide (cDNA) provided by the present invention.
- cDNA purified polynucleotide
- the following points can be pointed out as points to keep in mind when designing primers.
- Primer size (number of bases) The number of bases is 15-40 bases, preferably 15-30 bases, in order to satisfy specific annealing with type I DNA. However, when performing LA (long and accurate) PCR, at least 30 bases are efficient. Avoid the complementary sequence between one primer and one pair (two) consisting of the sense strand (5 'end) and the antisense strand (3' end) so that they do not anneal to each other. You. In addition, the GC content should be about 50% to ensure stable binding to type I DNA, so that GC-rich or AT-rich is not unevenly distributed within the primer. Since the melting temperature depends on the melting temperature (Tm), primers with a Tm value of 55-65 and close to each other should be selected to obtain highly specific PCR products.
- Tm melting temperature
- RNA amplification method it is also necessary to take care to adjust the final concentration of the primer used in PCR to be about 0.1 to about 1 ZM.
- commercially available software for designing primers for example, OligoTM (Le GENETYX manufactured by National Bioscience Inc. (USA) (Software Development Co., Japan)) can also be used.
- OligoTM Le GENETYX manufactured by National Bioscience Inc. (USA) (Software Development Co., Japan)
- the full-length genomic gene obtained in this manner is usually used, for example, by PCR, NASBN (Nucleic acid sequence based axnplincation), TMA (Transcnotion-mediated amplification), and SDA (Strand Displacement Amplification). It can also be amplified by a gene amplification method.
- cDNA can be synthesized as a type II poly (A) + RNA extracted from human cells.
- human cells those that have expressed UKC1 may be cells extracted from living organisms or cultured cells.
- cDNA can be synthesized using a known method (Mol. Cell. Biol. 2, 167-170, 1982; J. Gene 25, 263-269, 1983; Gene, 150, 243-250, 1994).
- the target cDNA is synthesized by RT-PCR using mRNA isolated from human cells as type II. You can also.
- a partial sequence is synthesized by a DNA oligo synthesizer and
- the target cDNA can also be synthesized by connecting the DNA fragments using enzymatic and subcloning techniques.
- the cDNA thus prepared specifically has the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1. These polynucleotides can be used for the genetic engineering production of UKC1 protein. These polynucleotides can also be used as genetic material (transgene) for overexpressing UKC1 protein in living organisms.
- the cDNA When the cDNA is used to produce the UKC1 protein by genetic engineering or used as a transgene, the cDNA may not be the full length of SEQ ID NO: 1, for example, it may constitute at least the respective protein coding region (CDS) It may be a polynucleotide sequence.
- CDS protein coding region
- the cDNA when introducing a gene in order to improve the antigen recognition of an animal against the target antigen, for example, use an oligonucleotide or a polynucleotide containing 60 or more consecutive bases in the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1. You can also.
- oligonucleotides or polynucleotides can be prepared, for example, by cleaving cDNA with an appropriate restriction enzyme, or can be prepared according to the literature (eg, Carruthers (1982) Cold Spring Harbor Symp. Quant. Biol. 47: 411-418; Adams (1983) J. Am. Chem. Soc. 105: 661; Belousov (1997) Nucleic Acid Res. 25: 3440-3444; Frenkel
- the recombination vector of the present invention is a cloning vector or an expression vector, and a suitable one is used depending on the kind of the polynucleotide as the insert, the purpose of use, and the like.
- UKC1 protein when the UKC1 protein is produced using cDNA or its ORF region as an insert, expression vectors for in vitro transcription and prokaryotic cells such as Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis, yeast, insect cells, and mammalian cells can be used. Expression vectors suitable for each of the nuclear cells can also be used.
- a BAC (Bacterial Artificial Chromosome) vector or a cosmid vector can also be used.
- the transformed cell of the present invention for example, when a large amount of UKC1 protein is produced, prokaryotic cells such as Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis, and eukaryotic cells such as yeast, insect cells, and mammalian cells can be used. . These transformed cells can be prepared by introducing a recombinant vector into the cells by a known method such as an electroporation method, a calcium phosphate method, a ribosome method, and a DEAE dextran method.
- a known method such as an electroporation method, a calcium phosphate method, a ribosome method, and a DEAE dextran method.
- the UKC1 protein of the present invention can be isolated from human organs or cell lines by using a specific antibody or the like; a method for preparing a peptide by chemical synthesis based on the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 2; Can be obtained by a method using a purified polynucleotide (cDNA or a translation region thereof) provided by the above-mentioned method by production using recombinant DNA technology, and a method obtained by recombinant DNA technology is preferably used.
- a protein can be expressed in vitro by preparing RNA by in vitro transcription from a vector having the above-mentioned polynucleotide, and performing in vitro translation using this as a type III.
- the polynucleotide When the polynucleotide is recombined into an appropriate expression vector by a known method, the polynucleotide can be encoded in prokaryotic cells such as Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis, and eukaryotic cells such as yeast, insect cells, and mammalian cells. Protein can be expressed in large quantities.
- prokaryotic cells such as Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis
- eukaryotic cells such as yeast, insect cells, and mammalian cells. Protein can be expressed in large quantities.
- the above-mentioned polynucleotide is inserted into a vector having an RNA polymerase promoter to prepare a recombinant vector, and this vector is used as the promoter.
- the UKC1 protein can be produced in vitro when added to an in vitro translation system such as a egret reticulocyte lysate or a wheat germ extract containing the corresponding RNA polymerase.
- the RNA polymerase promoter include T3, T7, and SP6.
- vectors containing these RNA polymerase promoters include pKAl, pCDM8, pT3 / ⁇ 718, ⁇ 7 / 319> pBluescriptll and the like.
- the UKC1 protein When the UKC1 protein is produced by expressing DNA in a microorganism such as Escherichia coli, the expression vector having an origin, a promoter, a ribosome binding site, a DNA cloning site, a terminator sequence, etc. Polynuk After constructing an expression vector that recombines leotide and transforming host cells with this expression vector, the resulting transformant is cultured to produce a large amount of the protein encoded by the polynucleotide in a microorganism. can do. At this time, a protein fragment containing an arbitrary region can be obtained by adding a start codon and a stop codon before and after the arbitrary translation region for expression. Alternatively, it can be expressed as a fusion protein with another protein.
- the fusion protein can be cleaved with an appropriate protease to obtain only the protein portion encoded by the polynucleotide.
- expression vectors for Escherichia coli include a pUC system, pBluescriptII, a pET expression system, and a pGEX expression system.
- the polynucleotide may be an expression vector for a eukaryotic cell having a promoter, a splicing region, a poly (A) addition site, or the like. If the recombinant vector is inserted into Eukaryotic cells and introduced into eukaryotic cells, UKC1 protein can be produced in eukaryotic cells. Examples of expression vectors include pKAl, pCDM8, pSVK3, pSVL, pBK-CMV, pBK-RSV, EBV vector, pRS, and pYE82.
- UKC1 protein can be used as a fusion protein with various tags such as His tag, FLAG tag, and GFP. It can also be expressed.
- mammalian cultured cells such as monkey kidney cell COS-7, Chinese hamster ovary cell CHO, budding yeast, fission yeast, silkworm cells, and African egg cells are generally used. Any eukaryotic cell can be used as long as it can express.
- known methods such as an electroporation method, a calcium phosphate method, a liposome method, and a DEAE dextran method can be used.
- the known protein can be isolated and purified from the culture by a combination of known separation procedures. For example, treatment with denaturing agents such as urea or surfactants, ultrasonic treatment, enzyme digestion, salting out or solvent precipitation, dialysis, centrifugation, ultrafiltration, gel filtration, SDS-PAGE, isoelectric focusing Electrophoresis, ion exchange chromatography, hydrophobic chromatography, reverse phase chromatography Chromatography, affinity chromatography (including a method using a tag sequence and a method using a polyclonal antibody and a monoclonal antibody specific to UKC1), and the like.
- denaturing agents such as urea or surfactants
- ultrasonic treatment enzyme digestion, salting out or solvent precipitation
- dialysis centrifugation
- ultrafiltration gel filtration
- SDS-PAGE isoelectric focusing
- Electrophoresis ion exchange chromatography
- hydrophobic chromatography hydrophobic chromatography
- reverse phase chromatography Chromatography
- the recombinant UKC1 protein obtained by the above method includes a fusion protein with any other protein.
- a fusion protein with dal thione-S-transferase (GST) or green fluorescent protein (GFP) can be exemplified.
- GST dal thione-S-transferase
- GFP green fluorescent protein
- the protein of the invention may be subjected to various modifications in cells after being translated. Therefore, modified proteins are also included in the scope of the protein of the present invention. Examples of such post-translational modifications include elimination of N-terminal methionine, N-terminal acetylation, addition of a sugar chain, limited degradation by intracellular protease, mistraylation, isoprenylation, and phosphorylation.
- the peptide of the present invention is a peptide fragment consisting of a part of the UKC1 protein. That is, the peptide is a continuous 8 amino acid sequence, 9 to 30 amino acid sequence, 31 to 60 amino acid sequence, 61 to: L10 amino acid sequence, and 111 to 160 amino acid sequence in SEQ ID NO: 2. More specifically, the peptide is a peptide consisting of an amino acid sequence having 8 or more consecutive amino acid residues 1 to 164 in SEQ ID NO: 2. That is, as shown in Examples described later, UKC1 protein has an immune cell activating effect.
- the partial peptide of UKC1 can be used as a raw material for improving antigen recognition in animals, for example, by fusing an antigen, and can also be used to induce immunological tolerance in animals by overdose or the like.
- These peptides can be prepared by cleaving the UKC1 protein with an optional protease. Based on the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 2, a known peptide synthesis method (Merrifield, RBJ Solid phase peptide synthesis I. The synthesis of tetrapeptide. J. Amer. Chem. Soc. 85, 2149-2154, 1963; Fmoc It can also be created by Solid Phase Peptide Synthesis. A Practical Approach. Chan, WC and White, PD, Oxford University Press, 2000).
- Residue linkages other than the natural amide bond include, for example, daltaraldehyde, N-hydroxysuccinimide ester, bifunctional maleimide, ⁇ , ⁇ '-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC), or ⁇ ,: N'-diisopropylcarbodiimide (DIC ) And the like.
- the antibody of the present invention is a polyclonal antibody or a monoclonal antibody specific to UKC1 derived from an animal. Specifically, it is an antibody prepared using the purified UKC1 protein or its partial peptide as an antigen.
- the antibodies of the present invention include all molecules capable of binding to the epitope of the UKC1 protein, Fab, F (ab ') 2 , Fv fragments and the like.
- a polyclonal antibody it can be obtained from serum after immunizing an animal using the above-mentioned UKC1 protein or peptide as an antigen.
- mice mice, rats, hamsters, egrets, goats, sheep, wedges, lions, lions, puppies, dogs, cats, monkeys, birds, etc. are used.
- a recombinant animal having a human immunoglobulin gene is also used.
- Immunization of animals with immunizing antigen peptides can be performed by a known method (for example, Shigeru Muramatsu, et al., Experimental Biology Course 14, Immunobiology, Maruzen Co., Ltd., 1985; Immunohistochemistry Research Method, Tokyo Chemistry Dojin, 1986; edited by The Japanese Biochemistry Society, New Chemistry Laboratory Course 12, Molecular Immunology III, antigens, antibodies, complement, methods described in Tokyo Chemical Dojin, 1992, etc.) It can be performed according to.
- immunization can be performed by injecting an antigenic peptide into a mammal intraperitoneally or subcutaneously.
- the antigen peptide may be administered together with the adjuvant. Les.
- Adjuvants include, for example, Freund's complete (or incomplete) adjuvant, Ribi adjuvant, pertussis vaccine, BCG, lipid eight, liposomes, aluminum hydroxide, silica, and the like.
- An antiserum containing a polyclonal antibody can be prepared from blood collected from an immunized animal after breeding the animal for a predetermined period of time.
- Monoclonal antibodies can be prepared by a known monoclonal antibody preparation method (“monoclonal antibody”, Kamei Nagamune and Hiroshi Terada, Hirokawa Shoten, 1990; “Monoclonal Antibody” James W. Goding, third edition, Academic Press, 1996; Monoclonal Antibody Production Techniques and Applications, pp.
- the antibodies of the present invention also include those conjugated with various labels (enzymes, radioisotopes, fluorescent dyes, low molecules such as biotin, toxins, etc.). These antibodies are used for diagnostic purposes, for example, to detect clinical conditions such as blood, urine, and tissue fragments and UKC 1 protein in cultured cells to understand the pathological condition. In that case, Western blotting, immunoprecipitation, immunohistochemical methods, flow cytometry, RIA, ELISA, etc. can be used as appropriate. In addition, these antibodies are useful for purifying UKC1 from a material containing natural UKC1 or recombinant UKC1, as shown in Examples described later.
- the specific antibody can be used for the purpose of neutralizing endogenous UKC1 and regulating an immune response by administering to a laboratory animal or the like.
- humanized monoclonal antibodies derived from animals, or humanized monoclonal antibodies prepared from animals that have the human immunoglobulin gene are administered to humans for the purpose of diagnosing, treating and preventing diseases.
- An eleventh invention has an object of regulating an immune response, characterized in that the eleventh invention comprises one or more components selected from the group consisting of the polynucleotide, a recombinant vector, an immune response regulating protein, a peptide and an antibody. It is a pharmaceutical composition.
- the polypeptide expression vector may be incorporated into, for example, a hollow nanoparticle presenting a biorecognition molecule or a known viral vector (retrovirus, adenovirus, adeno-associated virus, etc.).
- a pharmacologically acceptable carrier can be used without changing the structure or function of the protein or peptide.
- the solution can be formulated by mixing the protein or peptide.
- a living tissue or cell is once taken out of the body, treated with these UKC1 proteins or peptides in vitro to induce a desired trait, and then returned to the living body.
- a UKC1 gene expression vector into a tissue or cell taken out of a living body and then return it to the living body.
- it can be introduced into cells by, for example, microinjection.
- an intracellular transfection method using a lipid BioPORTER (Gene Therapy Systems, USA), Chariot (Active Motif, USA), etc.
- compositions formulated in this way are, for example, anti-inflammatory agents, anti-allergic agents, immune response regulators, anti-infective agents, anti-cancer agents, immunostimulants, vaccine preparations and the like.
- a twelfth invention is a method for measuring the expression level of the immune response control gene of the first invention, which comprises measuring an expression product amount of the gene in a biological sample isolated from a subject. This is a level measurement method.
- mRNA is targeted as an expression product, it can be performed, for example, using a quantitative probe 8 hybridization or a microarray.
- the eight hybridization method using a labeled DNA probe specifically, for example, known methods such as the AUele-specnic Oligonucleotide Probe method, the Oligonucleotide Ligation Assay method, and the Invader method can be employed.
- the measurement with the microarray can be performed, for example, as follows. In other words, cDNA isolated from a subject's biological sample (eg, blood) is synthesized as type II, Perform PCR amplification. At this time, labeled dNTPs are incorporated into the labeled cDNA. The labeled cDNA is brought into contact with the macroarray, and the cDNA hybridized to the capture probe (oligonucleotide) of the microarray is quantitatively detected.
- Eight hybridization can be performed by dispensing a 96-well or 384-well plastic plate and spotting the labeled cDNA aqueous solution on a microarray.
- the amount of spotting can be about l to 100 nl.
- the hybridization is preferably carried out at a temperature in the range of room temperature to 70 for 6 to 20 hours. After completion of the hybridization, wash with a mixed solution of detergent and buffer to remove unreacted labeled cDNA. It is preferable to use sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) as the surfactant.
- SDS sodium dodecyl sulfate
- a citrate buffer As the buffer, a citrate buffer, a phosphate buffer, a borate buffer, a Tris buffer, a good buffer, and the like can be used, but a citrate buffer is preferably used.
- mRNA isolated from a subject is designated as type III, and the amount of mRNA can be measured by quantitative RT-PCR using the primer set of the fourth invention.
- a method using the antibody of the ninth invention is preferable. Particularly, by using a labeled antibody, simple and highly accurate detection becomes possible.
- an enzyme, a radioisotope or a fluorescent dye can be used.
- enzymes to be used for example, peroxidase, / 3-galactosidase, alkaline phosphatase, darcosoxidase, acetylcholinesterase, glucose-6-phosphoryl dehydrogenase, and malate dehydrogenase can also be used. Further, an enzyme inhibitor ⁇ ⁇ enzyme or the like can also be used.
- the binding between the enzyme and the antibody can be performed by a known method using a crosslinking agent such as a maleimide compound.
- a known substance can be used depending on the type of the enzyme to be used.
- beoxidase when using beoxidase as an enzyme, 3,3 ', 5,5'-tetramethylbenzicine is used.
- alkaline phosphatase When alkaline phosphatase is used as the enzyme, paranitrophenol or the like can be used.
- Radioisotopes can be used those used in ordinary RIA, such as 125 1 or 3 H.
- fluorescent dye those used in a usual fluorescent antibody method such as fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) -tetramethylrhodamine isothiosinate (TRITC) can be used.
- a substrate that decomposes by the action of the enzyme to form a color is added, the enzyme activity is determined by optically measuring the amount of decomposition of the substrate, and this is converted into the amount of bound antibody. The amount of antibody is calculated from the comparison.
- radioactive isotopes measure the radiation dose emitted by the radioactive isotope using a scintillation counter.
- the amount of fluorescence may be measured by a measuring device combined with a fluorescent microscope. It can also be measured using a flow cytometer.
- a sandwich method using a primary antibody and a labeled secondary antibody (“ELISA method" when an enzyme is used as a label) can also be preferably used.
- This animal or cell can be obtained, for example, by a method of injecting a UKC1 protein solution into an animal; a method of combining a metal colloid with a UKC1 protein as described in Patent Document 1 and administering to the animal; a retrovirus vector or adenovirus A method for introducing an active UKC1 gene (ie, a purified polynucleotide linked to a high-expression promoter or the like) into an animal according to the method of gene therapy using a vector; a calcium phosphate method, a ribosome or erythrocyte guest.
- an active UKC1 gene ie, a purified polynucleotide linked to a high-expression promoter or the like
- the method of introducing a gene into a totipotent cell is based on the physical injection of foreign gene DNA (microinjection) in consideration of the yield rate of transgenic animals and the efficiency of transfer of the introduced gene to the next generation. )
- the method is optimal.
- the fertilized eggs into which the gene has been injected are then transplanted into the fallopian tubes of the foster mother, the animals that have developed and born are placed in foster parents and reared, and DNA is extracted from a part of the body (such as the tip of the tail).
- a primary heterozygous animal in which the foreign gene was introduced into one of the diploid chromosomes was obtained.
- the transgenic animals of the present invention include primary heterozygous animals, homozygous animals obtained by crossing heterozygotes, their progeny, or their fetuses.
- a fourteenth invention is a method for producing an antibody against an arbitrary protein in an animal body, the method comprising a step of administering an antigen to the animal of the thirteenth invention, and a step of isolating the antibody from the animal.
- a method for example, a method of administering a UKC1 protein to an animal or a method of introducing a UKC1 gene into an animal in accordance with a method of gene therapy
- a method of administering a UKC1 protein to an animal or a method of introducing a UKC1 gene into an animal in accordance with a method of gene therapy can be used in an animal body.
- the administration and high expression of UKC1 protein activates the animal's immune response, making it possible to efficiently produce antibodies.
- Another aspect of the fourteenth invention is a method for producing an antibody using a transgenic animal having an activated UKC1 gene in a somatic cell. This animal overexpresses the UKC1 protein due to high expression of the transduced UKC1 gene and has a high immune response ability, so that it efficiently produces antibodies.
- the antibody is a polyclonal antibody or a monoclonal antibody, and can be prepared by the same procedure as the antibody of the ninth invention.
- a probe for detecting the expression of the UKC1 gene was prepared using a 22-mer sense primer (CAGC CCAGCCATCCGGGCATAT: SEQ ID NO: 3) and a 22-mer antisense primer (CCGAGGGCTCCCCCAGGGAG: SEQ ID NO: 4). ) + RNA was amplified by RT-PCR using type I and obtained.
- the obtained PCR product (590 bp) was labeled with a commercially available 32 P labeling kit (Takara Shuzo) using the random priming method, and this was used as a radioactive probe for various human tissues and cells by Northern blotting.
- the expression of UKC1 mRNA in the cell line was examined.
- a commercially available multi-tissue blot membrane manufactured by Clonetech
- no clear expression of mRNA was confirmed in any of the tissues.
- the expression of UKC1 mRNA in Thl and Th2 cells was examined.
- a ⁇ phage cDNA library was prepared from cells having high expression of UKC1 mRNA. That is, total RNA was extracted from human Th2 cells after culturing at 37 ° C for 6 hours in the presence of PMA (20 ng / ml) and ionomycin U ⁇ g / ml, and oligo (dT) beads (Promega) ) was used to purify poly (A) + RNA.
- double-stranded cDNA was synthesized using a commercially available cDNA cloning kit (manufactured by Invitrogen), and EcoRI (Notl) adapters were added to both ends of the cDNA. After that, EcoRI site of ZAP Express (manufactured by Stratagene) was added. Cloned. Subsequently, using a commercially available kit (manufactured by Stratagene), the packaging of the above ⁇ phage was completed in vitro. This packaging product was infected into Escherichia coli XL1-Bleu MRF (Stratagene) to obtain about 1.7 ⁇ 10 5 recombinant ⁇ phages.
- the 590 bp PCR product prepared in Example 1 above was labeled with a commercially available 32 P labeling kit (Takara Shuzo) using the random priming method, and this was used as a radioactive probe for plaque hybridization.
- the ⁇ phage library was screened by the method to obtain multiple cDNA clones.
- the longest cDNA clone has a total length of 913 bp, excluding the poly (A) portion, and has a structure of 492 bp open reading frame (ORF), 37 bp of 5, untranslated region and 384 bp of 3 'untranslated region. (SEQ ID NO: 1).
- the ORF encoded a protein consisting of 164 amino acid residues, and had a characteristic signal sequence of the secreted protein (SEQ ID NO: 2).
- the translation region of the UKCl cDNA clone cloned in Example 2 above was subcloned into the PQE30 vector (Qiagen), and expression for Escherichia coli expressing a fusion protein in which the full length of the UKC1 protein was fused to the C-terminus of the His tag.
- a vector was created (hereinafter referred to as pQE-H-ss-UKCl).
- pQE-H-ss-UKCl a fragment containing only the region corresponding to the secretory protein portion excluding the signal peptide sequence in the translation region of the UKCl cDNA clone cloned in Example 2 above and adding a restriction enzyme site for subcloning was subjected to PCR.
- a 30-mer sense primer (AAACATATGTC CCACACGTTGCCCGTCCGT: SEQ ID NO: 5) to which an Ndel site was added and a 30-mer antisense primer (TTTCTCGAGAGTGGTGGCCTGTTGGGCTCC: SEQ ID NO: 6) to which an Xhol site was added were used.
- the PCR product was blunted with KOD polymerase (manufactured by Toyobo), inserted into the EcoRV site of pZero-2.0, and transformed into host Escherichia coli DH-5a FT (manufactured by Invitorgen).
- KOD polymerase manufactured by Toyobo
- the nucleotide sequence of the obtained clone was determined, and a clone having the desired structure was selected without generating amplification errors during the PCR reaction.
- a fragment of Xhol from Ndel was inserted between Ndel and Xhol of pET30-A (manufactured by Novagen) to transform Escherichia coli DH-5Q; FT (manufactured by Invitorgen).
- the nucleotide sequence was confirmed, and a clone that was expressed as a protein fused with the His tag of the ORF of the cDNA was selected. This clone was cultured in LB medium at 37T: for 16 hours, and the expression plasmid DNA (pET-UKC-H) was purified.
- Plasmids PQE-H-ss-UKC and pET-UKC-H were transformed into host E. coli JM-109 (Toyobo) and BL21-Codon Plus (Stratagene), respectively.
- the protein was induced by IPTG, and the expression of UKC1 protein was induced in the host.
- E. coli was collected by centrifugation, suspended in a PBS buffer containing 8 M urea, subjected to freeze-thaw treatment, and then disrupted by ultrasonication. The supernatant was separated from the crushed liquid by centrifugation, and purified by Nickel NTA-Resin (Qiagen).
- the purified solution containing urea was separated by gel filtration, and the fraction containing the UKC1 protein was collected, dialyzed against PBS, and centrifuged to remove insolubles.
- Each of the obtained recombinant proteins was
- telomere sequence containing a baculovirus partial signal sequence and complementary to SEQ ID NO: 8 and containing a sequence downstream of the cleavage point of the UKC1 signal sequence
- PCR was performed using No. 9
- an antisense primer TT TGAATTCTTAAGTGGTGGCCTGTTGGG: SEQ ID NO: 10 to amplify a partial cDNA of UKC1.
- PCR was performed using a sense primer (SEQ ID NO: 7) and an antisense primer (SEQ ID NO: 10) to obtain a paculovirus signal sequence.
- the DNA (SEQ ID NO: 11) to which the sequence downstream of the cleavage point of the signal sequence of UKC1 was fused was amplified, blunted with KOD polymerase (manufactured by Toyobo), inserted into the EcoRV site of pZero-2.0, and transformed into host E. coli DH- 5 Q! FT (Invitorgen) was transformed.
- a clone having the desired structure was selected and the plasmid was purified.
- This plasmid is digested with Spel and EcoRI, and the obtained fragment is inserted between Spel and EcoRI of the baculovirus expression plasmid pAC-GP67-B, and transformed into host E. coli DH-5a FT (manufactured by Invitorgen). Conversion was made.
- a clone having the desired structure was selected, and the plasmid was purified. According to the protocol of Pharmingen, the obtained plasmid was used to prepare a recombinant baculovirus expressing the UKC1 protein, the UKC protein was released into a protein-free medium, and the insect cells were collected. The protein was dissolved from the supernatant and the cells by SDS, and Western blotting was performed to confirm that the UKC protein was expressed and released, and that the sugar chain was modified by electrophoresis.
- COS-7 cells after transfection with pcD-UKCl and pcDNA3.1 (-) plasmid of control for 24 hours were collected by trypsin / EDTA treatment, and further placed on a slide glass for another 6 hours. After cultivation, formalin-fixed and NP-40-treated slides were used as antigen-positive and antigen-negative slides, respectively, and indirect immunofluorescence using FITC-labeled goat anti-mouse immunoglobulin antibody (Biosource International) was performed. A hybridoma producing a UKC1-specific monoclonal antibody was selected. A single cell fusion yielded 24 UKC1-specific monoclonal antibodies. Of these, two monoclonal antibodies (CX-2 and CX-10, both of which were mouse IgGl antibodies) that could be used for Western blotting and had different epitopes were selected.
- CX-2 and CX-10 both of which were mouse IgGl antibodies
- the UKC1 protein can be detected immunohistochemically using a specific antibody as described in Example 4, and can also be detected by Western blotting for the purpose of molecular characterization and qualitative analysis.
- Figure 3 shows the results of Western blotting.
- the culture supernatant of human Th2 cells cultured for 6 hours was immunoprecipitated with anti-UKC1 monoclonal antibody CX-2.
- each of the immunoprecipitates was divided into two equal parts, one was left as it was, and the other was subjected to EndoF treatment to remove all sugar chains, and then subjected to SDS-PAGE.
- EndoF treatment to remove all sugar chains
- SDS-PAGE SDS-PAGE.
- the result of having performed blot analysis is shown. From the results shown in Figure 3, it was confirmed that, as expected from the amino acid sequence, UKC1 was a secreted protein, sugar chains were added, and the molecular weight when the sugar chains were removed was about 16K daltons . It was also confirmed that the UKC1 protein derived from pcD-UKCl had a molecular structure similar to that of native UKC1 derived from Th2 cells. Furthermore, it was confirmed at the protein level that UKC1 was produced and secreted in response to stimulation, as expected from the results of gene expression analysis as shown in Fig. 1.
- the UKC 1 protein can be easily measured using an existing immunological quantification method such as ELISA.
- an existing immunological quantification method such as ELISA.
- ELISA immunological quantification method
- the culture supernatant of COS-7 cells transfected with pcD-UKCl was applied to a column of Affi-Gel 10 (manufactured by Piolad) to which CX-2 antibody was bound, and PBS and 2M NaCl were added. After thorough washing with PBS and elution with daricin hydrochloride buffer at pH 2.5, a high-purity UKC1 standard was obtained (Figure 4).
- the major protein in this standard is UKC1 because the sugar chain is removed with EndoF to form a single molecular weight band of about 16K daltons (Fig. 4). It reacts specifically with the monoclonal antibody by Western blotting. It was confirmed by doing.
- a sandwich ELISA using a CX-10 antibody as an immobilized antibody and a biotinylated CX-2 antibody as a detection antibody was constructed.
- Figure 5 shows a standard curve using the above UKC1 standard.
- FIG. 6 shows the results of measurement of stimulated and unstimulated culture supernatants of human Thl cells and Th2 cells.
- PBMCs peripheral blood mononuclear cells
- His-ss-UKCl and control His-tagged recombinant protein derived from Escherichia coli [here hematopoietic pros-pro-glandin D2 synthase (hPGDS)] was used for 23 hours, and cytodynamic force in the culture supernatant was measured using a Human Cytokine LINCOplex kit (manufactured by Linco Research).
- UKC1 induces the production of IL-6, IL-10, IL-13, and IFN- ⁇ , confirming that UKC1 strongly activates immune cells, especially monocyte cells. Table 1, top).
- a similar experiment was performed under low PHA stimulation.
- UKC1 significantly promoted the production of Thl-related cytokines IL-12 and IFN- ⁇ , while suppressed the production of Th2-related cytokines IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13 ( (Lower row in Table 1). This result indicates that UKC1 has an inhibitory effect on allergic immune responses.
- cedar pollen allergens PBMC measured at interrupt preparative of PPD (typical Thl-associated antigens, Mycobacterium tuberculosis component) and a low concentration of 3 proliferative responses to PHA of H-thymidine ( ⁇ )
- PPD typically Thl-associated antigens, Mycobacterium tuberculosis component
- ⁇ H-thymidine
- B cells were separated from spleen cells of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) non-responsive mouse C3H / HeJ using magnetic beads-adhering antibody against B220 (manufactured by BD). 6 ⁇ 10 5 B cells were cultured in a 96-well plate in the presence or absence of UKC1 protein for 40 hours. 3 H-thymidine ( ⁇ ) was pulsed during 24 to 40 hours of culture, and its uptake was measured with a liquid scintillation counter (BD). Each UKC protein was expressed in E. coli and purified using a monoclonal antibody (CX-2) affinity column.
- CX-2 monoclonal antibody
- UKC1 was a protein capable of suppressing the growth response of cedar pollen allergen Cry j 1 -specific Th2 cells to Cry j 1.
- the UKC1 protein is a protein having an activity of suppressing the antigen-specific proliferation reaction of Th2 cells.
- Example 10 B cells were separated from PBMC obtained from healthy adult peripheral blood using magnetic beads (Miltenyi Biotec) bound with an anti-CD19 antibody. 1 ⁇ 10 5 B cells were cultured in a 96-well plate in the presence or absence of native UKC1 protein for 120 hours. 3 H-thyniidine the culture 104-120 hours (Imthi) pulsed, and measured the uptake in liquids scintillation counter i (manufactured by BD). Native UKC1 protein was purified from the culture supernatant of stimulated human Th2 cells using a monoclonal antibody (CX-2) affinity column. As shown in FIG. 10, the UKC1 protein derived from human Th2 cells showed proliferative activity on human B cells. In addition, control mouth Almost no growth activity was observed in the culture medium of E. coli. Thus, it was confirmed that native UKC1 is a protein that acts on human B cells and exhibits a proliferative activity.
- CX-2 monoclonal antibody
- the present invention provides an immune response regulating protein, a gene thereof, and a specific antibody which activate immunity in animals including humans.
- the protein can be produced in large quantities by using the polynucleotide of the present invention.
- This gene, protein or antibody is expected to be effective in preventing and treating immune-related diseases including cancer, allergy, autoimmune diseases and various inflammatory diseases. It is also useful as a vaccine effect enhancer. Genes or antibodies are also useful for understanding the pathology of the above-mentioned immune-related diseases and evaluating therapeutic effects.
- the present invention also provides a screening system for an agonist and an agonist for the interaction between the immune response regulating protein of the present invention and its specific receptor.
- Such antagonists and agonists are also promising as preventive and therapeutic agents for the above immune-related diseases.
- Immunization can be performed, and various types of polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies can be easily obtained.
- Efficient immunization in experimental animals means that model mice for immune abnormalities such as autoimmune diseases can be efficiently created.
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