WO2005052498A1 - Procede et dispositif permettant de faire exploser des masses rocheuses ou analogue - Google Patents

Procede et dispositif permettant de faire exploser des masses rocheuses ou analogue Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2005052498A1
WO2005052498A1 PCT/EP2004/013443 EP2004013443W WO2005052498A1 WO 2005052498 A1 WO2005052498 A1 WO 2005052498A1 EP 2004013443 W EP2004013443 W EP 2004013443W WO 2005052498 A1 WO2005052498 A1 WO 2005052498A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
control center
detonator
igniter
masses
ignition
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2004/013443
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Manfred Kromat
Original Assignee
Bohlen Handel Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bohlen Handel Gmbh filed Critical Bohlen Handel Gmbh
Publication of WO2005052498A1 publication Critical patent/WO2005052498A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42D—BLASTING
    • F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
    • F42D1/04—Arrangements for ignition
    • F42D1/045—Arrangements for electric ignition

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for blasting rock masses or similar masses above ground or underground, according to which explosive charges, each with an associated detonator, which can be wirelessly controlled from a control center, are used in one or more boreholes.
  • the invention is based on the technical problem of further developing a generic method in such a way that safety is significantly increased.
  • a generic method within the scope of the invention is characterized in that at least one authorization code is stored in the control center in order to authorize only one or more person (s) authorized to blast.
  • the authorization code essentially ensures that only persons authorized to detonate can issue corresponding ignition commands from the control center. This authorization code also ensures that any settings on the control center and the respective detonators can only be made by persons who are actually authorized.
  • the authorization code may exist as a combination of numbers / letters and / or a person-specific individual code.
  • the invention additionally or alternatively provides for the storage of essentially biometric data. This can be a fingerprint, the eye iris print or other individual identifiers, with the help of which the access authorization of a person can be clearly determined.
  • the igniter in question communicates bidirectionally with the control center and is equipped with a transceiver for this purpose.
  • a transceiver is a combined transceiver. This enables the respective detonator not only to receive commands from the control center, but can also send signals.
  • these signals may be acknowledgment signals or acknowledgment signals which, for example, confirm receipt of a specific command or generally successful data transmission by the igniter to the control center.
  • the respective detonator is equipped with an individual key code, which can be transmitted together with work commands from the control center. This individual key code can also be specified in the factory or by the person installing the detonator.
  • the detonator processes a corresponding signal from the control center only when a permissible key code is presented and / or sends an acknowledgment signal only when there is a work command flanked by the correct key code.
  • This permissible key code can, for example, be predetermined and checked that a list of conceivable key codes is stored in the igniter and / or the control center, the individual key code of the igniter being compared with this listing for agreement. The igniter is only activated if there is a permissible key code and the control center is addressed by an authorized person, for example with a specific ignition command, ie if the test is positive.
  • Each detonator may also have its own time base. This can be synchronized with that of the control center. Such a synchronization further increases security, because then, for example after an authorization check of the person authorized to blast, a predetermined period of time expires within which the detonators expect an ignition signal. An ignition signal can no longer be emitted outside this period.
  • the synchronization of the time bases of the respective detonator and the control center enables the position of the detonator to be determined. Because now individual signals can be sent from the detonators. From the related angular relationships and / or runtime differences when reaching the control center, the latter is able to determine the position of the igniter, at least its distance from the control center. This procedure can be refined by equipping the control center with two or more antennas. Depending on when the respective antennas receive the signal from the detonator for determining the position, the exact location of the detonator and consequently of the borehole can be deduced from the associated transit time differences or the angle incidence.
  • This process can be repeated for each individual detonator, so that an image of the can be found in the control center without complicated measurement methods Borehole pattern is present.
  • the optimal ignition timing of each borehole can be calculated according to a blasting theory.
  • the blasting theory can be fed into the control center, so that overall a simulation is carried out in the control center before the actual blasting. This can be done in such a way that different ignition times of the respective explosive charges are specified and tested taking into account the respective explosive theory.
  • Such a simulation may act as a mandatory prerequisite for a subsequent explosion. That is, as long as the simulation in question has not been carried out, the detonators cannot be focused or activated.
  • the position determination described can also be carried out by the fact that the respective igniter or the ignition device as a whole has a position determination unit, which determines its or its location with the aid of satellites and sends it to the control center.
  • the detonators or the ignition device according to the invention can either be localized with the described two or three or even multiple antenna arrangement, or the respective detonators or the ignition device can be passed on and / or pass on their position directly to the control center.
  • a borehole pattern is available as an image of reality, on the basis of which the blasting to be carried out can first be simulated.
  • the receipt of the respective acknowledgment signal in the control center which documents the basic (ignition) readiness of all igniters, usually starts the already mentioned adjustable delay time within which the ignition signal must be present.
  • an adjustable delay time in the detonators can also be started with the receipt of the acknowledgment signal in the control center. This means that the delay time begins for all detonators at the same and fixed point in time.
  • the ignition signal must be present within the delay time or the period of time specified thereby.
  • the delay time can alternatively be started in the control center or starting at the same time in the respective detonators.
  • the authorization signal described can additionally be used to evaluate an authorization delay time BVZ, which starts with the positive authorization check of the person who is willing to detonate.
  • an ignition readiness delay time ZBVZ which begins as soon as the last detonator has reported its readiness to the control center with the associated acknowledgment signal.
  • each igniter is addressed individually by the control center. Previously the igniter was activated in the borehole, what with the help of the individual key code can happen. Then the time bases of the detonators are brought into line with those of the control center. Subsequently, each detonator (after a simulation that may have been carried out) receives its special ignition point. Only if all detonators have been properly programmed and have also received an ignition point, are all acknowledgment commands available that set the adjustable ignition readiness delay in motion. The upstream simulation can be used as a mandatory criterion.
  • the invention also relates to a device for detonating rock masses, which can work according to the method described and is described in claims 9 and 10. Finally, a wireless ignition device is protected in claim 11.
  • FIG. 3 shows the object of FIG. 1 in an overview
  • Fig. 4 is a flowchart for an authorization check and blasting.
  • a device for blowing up rock masses or similar masses above ground or underground is shown.
  • This device has explosive charges 1, 2 together with a detonator 3 and an electronics unit 4 in a borehole B.
  • the explosive charge 1, 2 is composed of a so-called secondary charge 1 and a primary charge 2. However, this is not mandatory.
  • the primary explosive charge 2 is heated above its ignition temperature, so that it ignites and then causes the secondary explosive charge 1 to explode.
  • the igniter 3 receives an electrical signal from the electronics unit 4.
  • the electronics unit 4 is composed of a switch 5 and further details to be described below.
  • the switch 5 is an electronic switch, namely a switching transistor. This is actuated by a microcontroller 6, so that energy is transmitted from an energy store 7, for example a capacitor, via ignition lines to the igniter 3 and here with the aid of a glow path, a glow bridge or another electrically heatable device for igniting the primary explosive charge 2.
  • the energy store 7 is supplied with electrical energy by means of a battery 8 or a comparable energy supply 8.
  • the microcomputer or microcontroller 6 in turn ensures this. Before this, the igniter 3 or the electronics unit 4 must first be addressed with an individual key code for its release. For this purpose, a filter device 9 and a transceiver 10 are used, which in combination with a time base 11 and the microcomputer 6 form a combined structural unit.
  • the respective igniter 3 communicates wirelessly with a control center 12 via the electronics unit 4, as indicated in FIG. 1.
  • the respective electronic detonators 3, together with their explosive charges 1, 2, are inserted into the relevant boreholes B.
  • Each detonator 3 or each ignition device is designed to be energy self-sufficient in connection with the associated explosive charge 1, 2 and has its own energy supply 8 in the form of the battery 8.
  • the electronics unit 4 also includes a position determination unit 13 which, together with the other elements 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 and 11, forms the electronics unit 4 as a component or addition to the igniter 3.
  • the position determination unit 13 is a non-mandatory option. With their help, the respective igniter 3 or its electronics unit 4 can be located. A corresponding position signal can be sent to the control center 12 using the transceiver 10.
  • ASIC Application Specific Integrated Circuit
  • at least one authorization code is stored in the control center 12 in order to authorize only one or more people authorized to blast. This authorization code may exist as a letter / number combination and / or person-specific individual code.
  • control center 12 has an input unit or interrogation device 14, with the aid of which biometric data of a person willing to access, for example his fingerprint or the eye iris, are compared with values stored in a memory of the control center 12. Only if agreement has been reached does the person concerned have access to the control center 12 at all.
  • the respective igniter 3 or its electronics unit 4 In order to be able to transmit commands from the control center 12 to the respective igniter 3 or the ignition electronics or electronics unit 4 and at the same time to ensure that, for example, position data from the igniter 3 reach the control center 12, the respective igniter 3 or its electronics unit 4 also communicates the control center 12 bidirectionally and is equipped with the transceiver 10 already mentioned.
  • the transceiver 10 is a combined transmitter / receiver unit. Such is also provided in the control center 12, but is not explicitly shown.
  • the time base 11 in the igniter 3 or the electronics unit 4 can be exactly synchronized with a time base 15 in the control center 12. This is necessary, for example, to specify delay times within which the igniter 3 expects an ignition signal, as will be described in more detail below.
  • the respective detonator 3 can be localized as an alternative to the position determination unit 13. This is indicated in FIG. 3. There you can see three different antennas 16, which receive a signal emitted by the igniter 3 or its electronic unit 4 (due to the different distance from the antennas 16) at different times. These time differences can be used to derive time differences which, taken together, determine the position of the detonator 3 and, consequently, the explosive charges 1, 2 working therewith.
  • a distance A between two explosive charges 1, 2 and 1 ', 2' on the head and foot side can be determined in one and the same borehole B, as indicated in FIG. 2. It goes without saying that the explosive charges 1, 2 and 1 ', 2' there can be detonated with one another with an adjustable delay time. The same applies to the individual explosive charges 1, 2 present in the respective boreholes B, as is already known from EP 1 046 879 B1.
  • the respective detonator 3 Before the targeted detonations in the rock and / or vertical direction occur in the rock at this point, the respective detonator 3 must first be armed. This first of all presupposes that the respective igniter 3 is registered with the control center 12 by means of an individual key code or is equipped with such a key code. This key code can be set remotely by an authorized person via the control center 12. The key code can also be specified just as well when the igniter 3 is installed in the borehole B. A person must first identify himself as authorized. This is expressed in the first step according to FIG. 4.
  • the respective time bases 11 of the individual detonators are then synchronized with one another and with the time base 15 of the control center 12, so that there is a common basis for the individually adjustable ignition delay.
  • the control center 12 may also Check whether the respective detonators 3 permit reception of the desired bidirectional data exchange at all.
  • an authorization delay time BVZ is started according to FIG. 4 after receipt of the individual key code and / or after synchronization of the time bases 11, 15.
  • the key code is compared with possible codes stored, for example, in the control center 12. Then, as a rule, an acknowledgment signal is transmitted to the control center 12.
  • the receipt of the acknowledgment signal sets in the control center 12, as shown in FIG. 4, an adjustable further delay time, namely the so-called ignition readiness delay time ZBVZ.
  • Ignition signals from the control center 12 are only accepted by the igniters 3 within this delay time. This is checked by the last step of the flowchart according to FIG. 4. If an ignition signal does not occur within the delay time or ready-to-fire delay time ZBVZ, the detonators 3 go into a standby mode or the desired ignition routine is aborted. The igniter 3 can therefore not be ignited. At the same time, it may be ensured that their energy supply or the energy store 7 and / or the battery 8 are discharged. This is necessary for safety reasons and prevents misfires.
  • the battery 8 or energy supply 8 and possibly the energy store 7 are only connected to the igniter 3 when the explosive charge 1, 2 is installed in the borehole B.
  • the electronics unit 4 (and with it the energy store 7 and the battery 8) only enters into an electrical connection with the detonator 3 when the explosive charges 1, 2 are placed together with the detonator 3 and the electronics unit 4 in the borehole B. become. It is conceivable here to design the electronics unit 4 as a plug-in module, which in this connection is connected to the igniter 3 in the form of a plug-in base, as indicated in FIG. 1.
  • an additional fuse is of course realized by the fact that the igniter 3 is only supplied with electrical energy when the switch 5 or switching transistor is supplied with energy from the energy store 7 via the microcontroller 6. This only happens after the previously described routines have been successfully completed.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé ainsi qu'un dispositif pour faire exploser des masses rocheuses ou analogue, sous terre ou à ciel ouvert. Selon ce procédé, des charges explosives (1, 2) sont introduites dans des trous de forage (B), respectivement avec des amorces (13) correspondantes qui peuvent être télécommandées, sans fil, par un poste de commande (12). Cette invention est caractérisée en ce qu'au moins un code d'autorisation est stocké dans le poste de commande (12) pour autoriser uniquement une ou plusieurs personnes habilitées à réaliser l'explosion.
PCT/EP2004/013443 2003-11-28 2004-11-26 Procede et dispositif permettant de faire exploser des masses rocheuses ou analogue WO2005052498A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2003156349 DE10356349A1 (de) 2003-11-28 2003-11-28 Verfahren und Einrichtung zum Sprengen von Gesteinsmassen oder dergleichen Massen Übertage oder Untertage
DE10356349.0 2003-11-28

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Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2005071348A1 (fr) 2004-01-16 2005-08-04 Rothenbuhler Engineering Company Systeme de mise a feu a distance
WO2006076777A1 (fr) * 2005-01-24 2006-07-27 Orica Explosives Technology Pty Ltd Ensembles détonateur sans fil et réseaux correspondants
WO2006086843A1 (fr) * 2005-02-16 2006-08-24 Orica Explosives Technology Pty Ltd Appareil et procede d'abattage a l'explosif
WO2007124538A1 (fr) * 2006-04-28 2007-11-08 Orica Explosives Technology Pty Ltd Procédés de commande de composants d'appareils de tir, appareils de tir et composants de ceux-ci
WO2007124539A1 (fr) 2006-04-28 2007-11-08 Orica Explosives Technology Pty Ltd Relais d'amorçage sans fil et procedes d'abattage à l'explosif
WO2008074071A1 (fr) * 2006-12-18 2008-06-26 Global Tracking Solutions Pty Ltd Système de localisation pour trous de mine
WO2010088705A1 (fr) * 2009-01-28 2010-08-05 Sandvik Mining And Construction Rsa (Pty) Ltd Cartouche pour briser un rocher
CN102608959A (zh) * 2011-08-05 2012-07-25 薛世忠 爆炸物品监控系统和监控方法
CN102608958A (zh) * 2011-08-05 2012-07-25 薛世忠 散装炸药监控系统和监控方法
US8474379B2 (en) 2004-01-16 2013-07-02 Rothenbuhler Engineering Co. Remote firing device with diverse initiators
CN103868423A (zh) * 2012-12-13 2014-06-18 黄秋成 一种智能id电子雷管起爆系统
WO2015084707A3 (fr) * 2013-12-02 2015-09-24 Austin Powder Company Procédé et appareil d'abattage à l'explosif sans fil
FR3090087A1 (fr) * 2018-12-17 2020-06-19 Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Et Aux Energies Alternatives Procédé de mise à feu d’un ensemble de détonateurs électroniques
WO2020176939A1 (fr) * 2019-03-04 2020-09-10 Voyager Innovations Pty Ltd Système de détonation sans fil

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EP0301848A2 (fr) * 1987-07-31 1989-02-01 Eti Explosives Technologies International Inc. Système de sautage et composantes pour cela
US5520114A (en) * 1992-09-17 1996-05-28 Davey Bickford Method of controlling detonators fitted with integrated delay electronic ignition modules, encoded firing control and encoded ignition module assembly for implementation purposes
WO2001059401A1 (fr) 2000-02-11 2001-08-16 Inco Limited Systeme detonateur distant sans fil
EP1046879B1 (fr) 1999-04-23 2002-10-16 Roboth Vertriebsgesellschaft mbH Procédé pour le sautage de masses rocheuses
GB2385343A (en) * 2002-02-15 2003-08-20 Schlumberger Holdings Interactive and secure activation of a tool

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US4674047A (en) * 1984-01-31 1987-06-16 The Curators Of The University Of Missouri Integrated detonator delay circuits and firing console
EP0301848A2 (fr) * 1987-07-31 1989-02-01 Eti Explosives Technologies International Inc. Système de sautage et composantes pour cela
US5520114A (en) * 1992-09-17 1996-05-28 Davey Bickford Method of controlling detonators fitted with integrated delay electronic ignition modules, encoded firing control and encoded ignition module assembly for implementation purposes
EP1046879B1 (fr) 1999-04-23 2002-10-16 Roboth Vertriebsgesellschaft mbH Procédé pour le sautage de masses rocheuses
WO2001059401A1 (fr) 2000-02-11 2001-08-16 Inco Limited Systeme detonateur distant sans fil
GB2385343A (en) * 2002-02-15 2003-08-20 Schlumberger Holdings Interactive and secure activation of a tool

Cited By (43)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8474379B2 (en) 2004-01-16 2013-07-02 Rothenbuhler Engineering Co. Remote firing device with diverse initiators
WO2005071348A1 (fr) 2004-01-16 2005-08-04 Rothenbuhler Engineering Company Systeme de mise a feu a distance
EP1709387A1 (fr) * 2004-01-16 2006-10-11 Rothenbuhler Engineering Company Systeme de mise a feu a distance
US7929270B2 (en) 2005-01-24 2011-04-19 Orica Explosives Technology Pty Ltd Wireless detonator assemblies, and corresponding networks
WO2006076777A1 (fr) * 2005-01-24 2006-07-27 Orica Explosives Technology Pty Ltd Ensembles détonateur sans fil et réseaux correspondants
EP1859225A4 (fr) * 2005-01-24 2011-08-31 Orica Explosives Tech Pty Ltd Ensembles détonateur sans fil et réseaux correspondants
AU2006207830B2 (en) * 2005-01-24 2011-05-19 Orica Australia Pty Ltd Wireless detonator assemblies, and corresponding networks
EP1859225A1 (fr) * 2005-01-24 2007-11-28 Orica Explosives Technology Pty Ltd Ensembles détonateur sans fil et réseaux correspondants
US7958824B2 (en) 2005-02-16 2011-06-14 Orica Explosives Technology Pty Ltd. Security enhanced blasting apparatus, and method of blasting
US9091518B2 (en) 2005-02-16 2015-07-28 Orica Explosives Technology Pty Ltd Apparatus and method for blasting
US8839720B2 (en) 2005-02-16 2014-09-23 Orica Explosives Technology Pty Ltd Security enhanced blasting apparatus, and method of blasting
US9091519B2 (en) 2005-02-16 2015-07-28 Orica Explosives Technology Pty Ltd Apparatus and method for blasting
WO2006086843A1 (fr) * 2005-02-16 2006-08-24 Orica Explosives Technology Pty Ltd Appareil et procede d'abattage a l'explosif
WO2006086844A1 (fr) * 2005-02-16 2006-08-24 Orica Explosives Technology Pty Ltd Appareil d'abattage a securite renforcee avec analyseur biometrique et procede d'abattage
AU2007246164B2 (en) * 2006-04-28 2012-12-20 Orica Australia Pty Ltd Methods of controlling components of blasting apparatuses, blasting apparatuses, and components thereof
EP2013566A1 (fr) * 2006-04-28 2009-01-14 Orica Explosives Technology Pty Ltd Relais d'amorçage sans fil et procedes d'abattage à l'explosif
AU2007246165B2 (en) * 2006-04-28 2011-10-27 Orica Australia Pty Ltd Wireless electronic booster, and methods of blasting
US7778006B2 (en) 2006-04-28 2010-08-17 Orica Explosives Technology Pty Ltd. Wireless electronic booster, and methods of blasting
EP2013566A4 (fr) * 2006-04-28 2012-04-04 Orica Explosives Tech Pty Ltd Relais d'amorçage sans fil et procedes d'abattage à l'explosif
US8395878B2 (en) 2006-04-28 2013-03-12 Orica Explosives Technology Pty Ltd Methods of controlling components of blasting apparatuses, blasting apparatuses, and components thereof
WO2007124539A1 (fr) 2006-04-28 2007-11-08 Orica Explosives Technology Pty Ltd Relais d'amorçage sans fil et procedes d'abattage à l'explosif
WO2007124538A1 (fr) * 2006-04-28 2007-11-08 Orica Explosives Technology Pty Ltd Procédés de commande de composants d'appareils de tir, appareils de tir et composants de ceux-ci
AU2007335246B2 (en) * 2006-12-18 2012-08-02 Global Tracking Solutions Pty Ltd Tracking system for blast holes
US8256349B2 (en) 2006-12-18 2012-09-04 Global Tracking Solutions Pty Ltd. Tracking system for blast holes
EP2122256A4 (fr) * 2006-12-18 2017-05-31 Global Tracking Solutions Pty Ltd Système de localisation pour trous de mine
CN101611267B (zh) * 2006-12-18 2012-05-30 环球定位方案私人有限公司 用于爆破孔的跟踪系统
WO2008074071A1 (fr) * 2006-12-18 2008-06-26 Global Tracking Solutions Pty Ltd Système de localisation pour trous de mine
EA015887B1 (ru) * 2006-12-18 2011-12-30 Глобал Трэкинг Солюшнз Пти Лтд. Система слежения для взрывных скважин
US8763723B2 (en) 2009-01-28 2014-07-01 Sandvik Mining And Construction Rsa (Pty) Ltd Cartridge for breaking rock
WO2010088705A1 (fr) * 2009-01-28 2010-08-05 Sandvik Mining And Construction Rsa (Pty) Ltd Cartouche pour briser un rocher
CN102608959A (zh) * 2011-08-05 2012-07-25 薛世忠 爆炸物品监控系统和监控方法
CN102608958B (zh) * 2011-08-05 2014-11-19 薛世忠 散装炸药监控系统和监控方法
CN102608958A (zh) * 2011-08-05 2012-07-25 薛世忠 散装炸药监控系统和监控方法
CN103868423A (zh) * 2012-12-13 2014-06-18 黄秋成 一种智能id电子雷管起爆系统
WO2015084707A3 (fr) * 2013-12-02 2015-09-24 Austin Powder Company Procédé et appareil d'abattage à l'explosif sans fil
US10429162B2 (en) 2013-12-02 2019-10-01 Austin Star Detonator Company Method and apparatus for wireless blasting with first and second firing messages
US11009331B2 (en) 2013-12-02 2021-05-18 Austin Star Detonator Company Method and apparatus for wireless blasting
FR3090087A1 (fr) * 2018-12-17 2020-06-19 Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Et Aux Energies Alternatives Procédé de mise à feu d’un ensemble de détonateurs électroniques
WO2020128300A1 (fr) * 2018-12-17 2020-06-25 Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Et Aux Energies Alternatives Procédé de mise à feu d'un ensemble de détonateurs électroniques
WO2020176939A1 (fr) * 2019-03-04 2020-09-10 Voyager Innovations Pty Ltd Système de détonation sans fil
CN113544461A (zh) * 2019-03-04 2021-10-22 航行者创新私人有限公司 无线引爆系统
AU2020230556B2 (en) * 2019-03-04 2022-02-17 Voyager Innovations Pty Ltd Wireless detonation system
US11867493B2 (en) 2019-03-04 2024-01-09 Voyager Innovations Pty Ltd Wireless detonation system

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