WO2005044781A1 - 芳香族ポリアミン誘導体 - Google Patents
芳香族ポリアミン誘導体 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2005044781A1 WO2005044781A1 PCT/JP2004/015882 JP2004015882W WO2005044781A1 WO 2005044781 A1 WO2005044781 A1 WO 2005044781A1 JP 2004015882 W JP2004015882 W JP 2004015882W WO 2005044781 A1 WO2005044781 A1 WO 2005044781A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C251/00—Compounds containing nitrogen atoms doubly-bound to a carbon skeleton
- C07C251/02—Compounds containing nitrogen atoms doubly-bound to a carbon skeleton containing imino groups
- C07C251/20—Compounds containing nitrogen atoms doubly-bound to a carbon skeleton containing imino groups having carbon atoms of imino groups being part of rings other than six-membered aromatic rings
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C251/00—Compounds containing nitrogen atoms doubly-bound to a carbon skeleton
- C07C251/02—Compounds containing nitrogen atoms doubly-bound to a carbon skeleton containing imino groups
- C07C251/04—Compounds containing nitrogen atoms doubly-bound to a carbon skeleton containing imino groups having carbon atoms of imino groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms
- C07C251/06—Compounds containing nitrogen atoms doubly-bound to a carbon skeleton containing imino groups having carbon atoms of imino groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms to carbon atoms of a saturated carbon skeleton
- C07C251/08—Compounds containing nitrogen atoms doubly-bound to a carbon skeleton containing imino groups having carbon atoms of imino groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms to carbon atoms of a saturated carbon skeleton being acyclic
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C251/00—Compounds containing nitrogen atoms doubly-bound to a carbon skeleton
- C07C251/02—Compounds containing nitrogen atoms doubly-bound to a carbon skeleton containing imino groups
- C07C251/18—Compounds containing nitrogen atoms doubly-bound to a carbon skeleton containing imino groups having carbon atoms of imino groups bound to carbon atoms of rings other than six-membered aromatic rings
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2601/00—Systems containing only non-condensed rings
- C07C2601/12—Systems containing only non-condensed rings with a six-membered ring
- C07C2601/14—The ring being saturated
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a novel aromatic polyamine derivative useful for forming a polybenzazole (imidazole, oxazole, thiazole) film having high heat resistance and low dielectric constant.
- polybenzazoles containing an adamantane skeleton have been known to be useful as highly heat-resistant resins (eg, “Journal of polymer science”, Journal of polymer science). -1 (1970), 8 (1 2), p. 3665-5-6).
- highly crosslinked polybenzazoles using trifunctional and tetrafunctional adamantanes have a large number of molecular-level pores therein, and therefore have a low dielectric constant, and have mechanical strength and heat resistance. Therefore, it is known that it is extremely useful as a material for an interlayer insulating film (for example, see Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Publication No. 2001-332543).
- the precursor polyimine is subjected to an oxidative heat treatment in the final step, the resulting polybenzazole film is obtained. It is highly probable that it will be oxidized, and it cannot be expected to lower the dielectric constant, which is a function required for insulating coatings.
- aromatic polyamines which are raw material monomers, have considerably high polarities as compounds, so that selection of solvents is limited.
- a solvent having low polarity since these monomers hardly dissolve in the solvent, it is extremely difficult to achieve a film thickness of several hundred nm required for a semiconductor interlayer insulating film or the like.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a novel benzazole which can constitute a polybenzazole having a high degree of cross-linking and is particularly useful as an insulating film forming material capable of easily forming a film thickness required for an interlayer insulating film.
- An object of the present invention is to provide an aromatic polyamine derivative.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a novel aromatic polyamine derivative which is useful for forming an insulating film made of a polybenzazole having a high heat resistance and a low dielectric constant which is useful for semiconductor parts and the like.
- the present inventors have conducted intensive studies to achieve the above object, and as a result, when a derivative in which at least one of the four amino groups of the aromatic polyamine is protected with a specific protecting group is used as a monomer component, Significant solubility in solvents It has been found that an improved insulating film forming material having a high monomer concentration can be obtained, thereby forming an insulating film having a film thickness required for an interlayer insulating film and the like, and completed the present invention.
- ring Z represents a monocyclic or polycyclic aromatic ring
- R a , R b , and RR d are substituents bonded to ring Z
- R a and R b are the same or different.
- RR d is the same or different and is an amino group which may be protected with a protecting group, a hydroxyl group which may be protected with a protecting group, or a protected group.
- a novel aromatic polyamine derivative is provided.
- this aromatic polyamine derivative as an insulating film forming material, the solubility in a solvent can be significantly improved, and an insulating film made of an adamantane skeleton-containing highly crosslinked polybenzazole can be formed to a sufficient thickness. can do.
- the solubility in various solvents can be increased, it is possible to provide a polybenzazole film having a wide range of film thickness corresponding to various semiconductor manufacturing processes.
- An insulating film formed using such an insulating film forming material can exhibit high heat resistance and low dielectric constant.
- FIG. 1 is an infrared absorption spectrum of the polymer film obtained in Example 15. is there. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
- the aromatic polyamine derivative of the present invention is represented by the above formula (1).
- the aromatic ring in the ring Z includes a monocyclic or polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon ring and an aromatic heterocyclic ring.
- the monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbon ring include a benzene ring.
- the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon ring include a condensed ring in which two or more aromatic rings such as a naphthalene ring, an anthracene ring, a phenanthrene ring, and a phenalene ring each share two or more atoms.
- aromatic heterocycle examples include a monocyclic or polycyclic aromatic heterocycle containing one or more hetero atoms such as an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, and a nitrogen atom.
- aromatic heterocyclic ring examples include monocyclic rings such as furan ring, thiophene ring, pyridine ring and picoline ring; polycyclic rings such as quinoline ring, isoquinoline ring, acridine ring and phenazine ring. Is mentioned.
- the aromatic ring may have a substituent. Such a substituent is not particularly limited as long as it does not impair the reaction. Representative examples of the substituent include a halogen atom (bromine, chlorine, fluorine atom, etc.) and an aliphatic hydrocarbon group (methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, t-butyl, etc., having 1 to 4 carbon atoms).
- Alkyl groups alicyclic hydrocarbon groups (such as cyclohexyl groups of about 3 to 15 members such as cycloalkyl groups), aromatic hydrocarbon groups (such as phenyl, benzyl, naphthyl, and tolyl groups)
- aromatic hydrocarbon groups such as phenyl, benzyl, naphthyl, and tolyl groups
- the protecting group for the amino group in R a and R b includes, for example, an acyl group (formyl, acetyl, propionyl, butyryl, isoptyryl, C-aliphatic acyl groups such as valeryl and bivaloyl groups; aromatic carbon groups having about 6 to 20 carbon atoms such as benzoyl and naphthoyl groups; and alkoxycarbyl groups (methoxycarbonyl, ethoxycarbonyl, C 4 alkoxy-canoleboninole groups such as ethoxycarbonyl, etc.), and alkaryloxycarbonyl compounds (pendinoleoxycanoleboninole groups, p-methoxybenzinoleoxycanolebonyl groups, etc.) Lanolequiloxycanololeponyl group), alkylidene group (methylidene, ethylidene, propylidene, isopropylidene, butyliden
- the amino group protected with a protecting group also includes a mono-substituted amino group as long as the reaction of polybenzazole is not inhibited.
- the mono-substituted amino group include an alkylamino group such as a methylamino group, an ethylamino group, a propylamino group, a butylamino group, and a t-butylamino group; an alkylamino group such as a cyclohexylamino group; a phenylamino group; Aralkylamino group; aralkylamino groups such as benzylamino group and the like.
- the protecting group for the amino group is not limited to these, and those commonly used in the field of organic synthesis can be used.
- amino-protecting group for R e to R d those exemplified as the amino-protecting group for R a and R b can be used.
- protecting group for the amino group a protecting group (multifunctional protecting group) capable of simultaneously protecting a plurality of amino groups can be used.
- protecting groups include, for example, carbonyl, oxalyl, butane-1,2,3-diylidene, and the like.
- R "and Rb ( Re and Rd , Ra and! ⁇ , Rb and Rd ) are simultaneously protected by one polyfunctional protecting group. , Ring Z Adjacent rings are formed.
- Examples of the protecting group for a hydroxyl group include an alkyl group (C, -6 alkyl group such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, t-butynole, pentyl, hexyl group, etc.), a cycloalkyl group (cyclopentinole group) , 3-1 5 membered cycloalkyl Le groups such as cyclohexyl group), C 7 such Ararukiru group (benzyl group - such as 2.
- Ararukiru group a substituted methyl group (main Tokishimechiru, benzyl O carboxymethyl, t-butoxy Methyl, 2-methoxyethoxymethyl group and other substituted methyl groups having about 2 to 10 carbon atoms, substituted ethyl groups (1-ethoxylated, 1-methyl-1-methoxylated, etc.), and acyl groups (formyl, ! 10 aliphatic Ashiru groups - Asechiru, propionic nil, Buchirinore, isobutyryl, Roh Rerinore, C, such as pivaloyl group C 4, such as cyclohexyl group to the consequent opening - 2 alicyclic ⁇ sill group;.. Benzoiru, C 7 such as naphthoyl groups - such as 2 aromatic Ashiru group), alkoxycarbonyl two Honoré group (main-butoxycarbonyl, et Toxicylcarbonyl
- Tert-butoxycarbol such as Ct-4alkoxy-canoleboninole group, etc.
- aranolecyloxycarbonyl group such as C7-2 such as benzyloxycarbonyl group, p-methoxybenzyloxycarbonyl group.
- Aralkyloxy carbonyl group As the protecting group for the mercapto group, those exemplified as the protecting group for the hydroxyl group can be used.
- the positions of R e and R d in the ring Z are, for example, relative to the carbon atom having an amino group R a and R b which may be protected by a protecting group in the ring Z. And is preferably located at the ⁇ -position or] 3 position, respectively.
- R at the position of the carbon atom having R a (R b ) in the ring of the formula (1).
- the protecting group of the amino group and / or the carboxyl group is usually removed to form a 5-membered azole ring.
- R. Is an amino group which may be protected by a protecting group. If imidazole ring, R. When is a hydroxyl group which may be protected with a protecting group, an oxazole ring; In the case where is a mercapto group which may be protected with a protecting group, a thiazole ring is formed.
- an aromatic polyamine derivative having R c (R d ) at the i3 position of the carbon atom having Ra (R b ) in ring Z of the formula (1) reacts with adamantane polycarboxylic acid or a derivative thereof.
- the protecting group of the amino group and the Z or carboxyl group is usually removed to form a 6-membered nitrogen-containing ring.
- R there arsenide de Rojiajin ring in the case of Amino group or mono-substituted amino group, Okisajin ring when R c is a hydroxyl group, but thiazine ring is formed respectively in the case of the mercapto group.
- the positions of R a and R b in the ring Z are as follows: these groups are bonded to the carboxyl group in the adamantamboric carboxylic acid to form a 5-membered or 6-
- the position is not particularly limited as long as it is a position capable of forming a member ring, but is preferably a position where Ra and Rb [two one NH 2 ] are not adjacent to each other.
- the aromatic polyamine derivative of the present invention is a compound in which at least one of R a , R b , and R ⁇ R d in the formula (1) is an amino group protected by an alkylidene group (ie, an imine derivative).
- aromatic polyamine derivative of the present invention compounds in which the aromatic ring Z is limited to a benzene ring and a biphenyl ring, and the number of protecting groups is limited to 4-substituted or 2-substituted are as follows. Show.
- the aromatic polyamine derivative of the present invention is not limited to these.
- Z in the formula (1) is a benzene ring
- R a and R b are both an amino group protected by an alkylidene group
- N N diisopropane 1,2-, 4,5-redene-benzente tramine, N, N '"'-diisopropylidene-1,2,4, 5—benzenetetraamine
- NN dicyclohexylidene 1, 2, 4, 5—benzenetetraamine, N, N ′ ′ ′′ —dicyclohexylidene 1,1,2,4,5_benzenetetraamine, N, N” —dibenzylide down one 1, 2, 4, 5 - Benzente Toraamin, N, N '''- Jibenji alkylidene one 1, 2 4 5 - Benzente I
- R c R d are both Amino groups, such as Toraamin; N, New ', ⁇ N''' t
- Z in the formula (1) is a benzene ring
- R a R b are both amino groups protected by an alkylidene group
- NN Diisopropylidene N ', N'''-dimethyl 1 12, 4, 5-benzenetetraamine, N, N '''— diisopropylidene 1 N', NT — dimethyl 1, 2, 4, 4, 5 — Benzente traamine, N, N-dicyclohexylidene ⁇ ', ⁇ ''' -dimethyl _ 124, 5 _ benzenetetraamine, ⁇ , N '''— Dicyclohexylidene N' N '''— Dimethinole 1, 2, 4 5— benzenetetraamine, ⁇ ⁇ "—dibenzylidene ⁇ ', ⁇ ''' -dimethyl-1,2,4,5 — benzenete
- the aromatic polyamine derivative of the present invention also includes N, ⁇ '-diisopropylidene-1,2,5-dihydroxy-1,4-benzenebenzene, and ⁇ , N'-diisopropylidene-1,2,4-dihidoxy.
- Both R c and R d of benzenediamine, ⁇ , ⁇ '-dibenzylidene-1,2,5-dihydroxy-1,4_benzenediamine, ⁇ , N 'dibenzylidene_2,4-dihydroxy1-1,5-benzenediamine are hydroxyl groups ⁇ , ⁇ '-diisopropidopyridene-1,2,5—dimercapto-1,4, -benzenediamine, ⁇ , N'-diisopropylidene-1,2,4-dimercapto-1,5— Benzenediamine, ⁇ , N'-dicyclohexylidene-1,2,5—dimercapto-1,4, -benz
- Z in the formula (1) is a biphenyl ring, and both R a and R b are protected by an alkylidene group.
- N N "—Diisopropylidene _ 3,4,3 ', 4'-Biphenylterthamine, N, N''''-Diisopropylidene—3,4,3', 4 ' —Biphenyltetraamine, NN "—Diisobutylidene-1-34,3'4 '—Biphenylbutylidene, N, N'''Diisobutylidene-1,3,4,3'4' —Biphenyltetraamine N, N-dicyclohexylidene 1,3,4,3 ', 4'-Biphenyltetrathamine, N, ⁇ ''''-Dicyclohexylidene-1,3,4,3',4'-Biphen
- Z in the formula (1) is a biphenyl ring
- R a R b are both amino groups protected by an alkylidene group
- the aromatic polyamine derivative of the present invention further comprises N, ⁇ ' Sopropylidene-3,3'-Dihydroxy-1,4'-biphenyldiamine, ⁇ , ⁇ '-Diisopropylidene-1,4'-Dihydroxy-1,4,3'-biphenyldiamine, ⁇ , ⁇ '- Diisobutylidene-1,3,3'-dihydroxy-1,4,4'-biphenylinoresamine, ⁇ , ⁇ '-diisobutylidene-1,3,4'-dihydroxy-1,4,3'-biphenyldiamine, ⁇ , N'-Dicyclohexylidene-1,3,3'-Dihydroxy-1,4,4'-biphenyldiamine, ⁇ , ⁇ '-Dicyclohexylidene-1,3,4'-Dihydroxy-1,4,3'-Bifene Ludiamine, ⁇ , N, ⁇ ' So
- Aromatic polyamine down derivative of the present invention in addition to the above, two at least of R a to R d include compounds combine with to form a ring.
- Examples of such an aromatic polyamine derivative include a compound in which an amino group in a molecule is protected by a protecting group (polyfunctional protecting group) capable of simultaneously protecting the plurality of amino groups.
- a typical example of such a compound is a compound in which two amino groups in the molecule of 1,2,4,5—tetraaminobenzene are protected by one oxalyl group
- 1, 2, 4, 5-tetraamino A compound in which benzene is protected by two butane-1,2,3-dilidene groups
- ring Z is a benzene ring or a biphenyl ring
- R a and R c , R b and R b and d is an amino group protected with a butane-1,2,3-diylidene group, respectively.
- the aromatic polyamine derivative represented by the formula (1) is, for example, an aromatic amine compound in which at least one of R 8 , R b , R c , and R d in the formula (1) is an amino group. Or a ketone or aldehyde corresponding to a protecting group for protecting an amino group by dehydration condensation at room temperature or under heating.
- Acid catalysts include inorganic acids such as sulfuric acid and hydrochloric acid; organic acids such as acetic acid, P-toluenesulfonic acid and methanesulfonic acid.
- a resin such as a Lewis acid such as a boron fluoride-ether complex and an acidic ion exchange resin can be used.
- the amount of the acid catalyst used can be appropriately selected according to the type of the acid, and is, for example, about 0 to 70 mol%, preferably about 0 to 60 mol%, based on the aromatic polyamine.
- Examples of the dehydration method include a method in which an azeotropic solvent such as toluene is used, and the azeotropic water and the solvent are separated by a Dean-stark water separator and only the solvent is refluxed.
- Examples include a method in which a desiccant such as magnesium sulfate and molecular sieve is added and the solvent is refluxed for dehydration, and a dehydrating agent such as dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC) is coexisted in the reaction system.
- a desiccant such as magnesium sulfate and molecular sieve
- a dehydrating agent such as dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC) is coexisted in the reaction system.
- DCC dicyclohexylcarbodiimide
- the reaction can be performed in the presence or absence of a solvent.
- the solvent is not particularly limited as long as it does not inhibit the reaction, and examples thereof include aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, and xylene; aliphatic hydrocarbons such as hexane; and alicycles such as cyclohexane.
- Examples include halogenated hydrocarbons such as formula hydrocarbons and methylene chloride, and non-protonic polar solvents such as dimethylformamide and dimethylacetamide.
- the ketone or aldehyde is usually used in an amount of 1 mol or more per 1 mol of the amino group protected by the aromatic amine compound as a raw material, and can be used in a large excess.
- the reaction temperature can be selected from the range of, for example, about 10 to 150 ° C., and preferably about 15 to 120 ° C., depending on the type of the reaction raw material.
- the reaction pressure may be any of normal pressure, increased pressure, and reduced pressure.
- the reaction may be performed under a nitrogen atmosphere, and can be performed by a conventional method such as a batch system, a semi-batch system, or a continuous system.
- a conventional method such as a batch system, a semi-batch system, or a continuous system.
- an aromatic polyamine derivative represented by the formula (1) corresponding to the aromatic amine compound as a raw material is produced.
- 1,2,4,5—benzenetetraamine and acetone form N, N ′, ⁇ ′ ′ ′-tetrisopropylidene 1,2,4,5-dibenzenetetraamine, etc.
- the reaction product can be separated and purified by a separation means such as filtration, concentration, distillation, extraction, crystallization, recrystallization, adsorption, chromatography and the like, or a separation means combining these.
- a separation means such as filtration, concentration, distillation, extraction, crystallization, recrystallization, adsorption, chromatography and the like, or a separation means combining these.
- unreacted ketones or aldehydes are removed under reduced pressure, and if an acid catalyst is used, the remaining acid components are removed by alcohol or the like, followed by distillation, recrystallization, or column chromatography.
- the target compound can be purified.
- the aromatic polyamine derivative of the present invention is useful as a material for forming an insulating film made of polybenzazoles having high heat resistance and low dielectric constant, which is useful for semiconductor parts and the like.
- the insulating film made of a polybenzazole is made of an insulating film forming material made of a polymerizable composition obtained by dissolving the aromatic polyamine derivative and adamantane polycarboxylic acid or a derivative thereof in an organic solvent. It is formed by heating and causing a polymerization reaction after coating on the top. At this time, the aromatic polyamine derivatives can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- adamantane polycarboxylic acid or a derivative thereof a compound represented by the following formula (2) or (2a) can be used.
- X represents a hydrogen atom, a hydrocarbon group, or R 4 , and R ′, R 2 , R 3 ,
- R 4 may be the same or different, optionally protected carboxyl group with a protecting group, or a halogenated carbonylation Le group, ⁇ ⁇ 2, ⁇ 3, ⁇ 4 is the One or different is a single bond or a divalent aromatic cyclic group.
- X is a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group
- at least one of RRR 3 represents a carboxyl group or a halogenated carboxy group (haloformyl group) protected by a protecting group, RR if X is R 4
- At least one of R 3 and R 4 represents a carboxyl group or a halogenated carbonyl group protected by a protecting group
- X a represents a hydrogen atom, a carboxyl group, or a hydrocarbon group
- Y 1 , ⁇ 2 , ⁇ ⁇ 4 are the same or different and represent a single bond or a divalent aromatic cyclic group.
- the hydrocarbon group for X includes an aliphatic hydrocarbon group, an alicyclic hydrocarbon group, an aromatic hydrocarbon group, and a group in which these groups are combined.
- the aliphatic hydrocarbon group include those having 1 to 2 carbon atoms such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropynole, butynole, isobutyl, s-butyl, t-butynole, pentinole, hexyl, decyl, and dodecyl groups.
- a linear or branched alkyl group of about 0 (preferably 1 to 10, more preferably 1 to 6); the number of carbon atoms of a vinylinole, arylinole, 1-buteninole, 3-methinole-4-pentulle group, etc.
- About 2 to 20 (preferably 2 to 10 and more preferably 2 to 5) linear or branched alkenyl groups; and 2 carbon atoms such as echul, provyl, 1-butyl- and 2-butynyl groups.
- About 20 (preferably 2 to 10, more preferably 2 to 5) linear or branched alkynyl groups or the like. No.
- Examples of the alicyclic hydrocarbon group include 3 to 20 members (preferably 3 to 15 members, more preferably, 3 to 15 members such as cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl / cyclohexynole, and cyclooctyl groups).
- About 3 to 20 members preferably 3 to 15 members, more preferably 3 to 12 members
- cycloanolequinole group such as cyclopropininole, cyclobuteninole, cyclopenteninole, and cyclohexenyl group.
- Such bridged cyclic carbon hydrocarbon group having such bridged carbocyclic ring of about 4 rings 2 like ball Runen ring.
- the aromatic hydrocarbon group include aromatic hydrocarbon groups having about 6 to 20 (preferably 6 to 14) carbon atoms such as fur and naphthyl groups.
- hydrocarbon group in which an aliphatic hydrocarbon group and an alicyclic hydrocarbon group are bonded examples include cycloalkyl-alkyl groups such as cyclopentinolemethinole, cyclohexinolemethinole, and 2-cyclohexynoleethyl group (for example, , C cycloalkyl—C alkyl group, etc.).
- the hydrocarbon group in which the aliphatic hydrocarbon group and the aromatic hydrocarbon group are bonded includes an aralkyl group (for example, C 7 _, 8 aralkyl group, etc.), an alkyl-substituted aryl group (for example, 1 to 4 Phenyl group or naphthyl group substituted with about 4 alkyl groups
- the aliphatic hydrocarbon group, alicyclic hydrocarbon group, aromatic hydrocarbon group, and a group in which these groups are bonded may have a substituent.
- the substituent is not particularly limited as long as it does not impair the reaction.
- substituents For example, halogen atoms (fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine), substituted oxy groups (for example, alkoxy groups such as methoxy and ethoxy groups, cycloalkyloxy groups, aryloxy groups, acyloxy groups, silyloxy groups, etc.), Substituted oxycarbonyl group (eg, alkyloxycarbonyl group, aryloxycarbonyl group, etc.), acyl group (eg, aliphatic acetyl group such as acetyl group, acetoacetyl group, alicyclic acyl group, aromatic group)
- each of the adamantane skeleton has a 1, 3 or 5 position.
- X is a hydrogen atom, C, - 6 alkyl group, C e - 14 aromatic hydrocarbon group, or the R is 4 are preferable. Further, when R 4 is used as X in particular, it becomes a tetrafunctional adamantane compound, which is preferable in that higher crosslinkability can be obtained.
- the protecting group of the carboxyl group in R 1 to R 4 includes, for example, an alkoxy group (eg, methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, isopropoxy, butoxy, isobutoxy, s-butoxy, t-butoxy, hexyloxy, etc.).
- an alkoxy group eg, methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, isopropoxy, butoxy, isobutoxy, s-butoxy, t-butoxy, hexyloxy, etc.
- Hydrazino group [hydrazino group, N-phenyl Human Dorajino group, (such as C 10 alkoxycarbonyl arsenide de piperazino group such as t-butoxide aryloxycarbonyl arsenide Dorajino group) alkoxycarbonyl arsenide Dorajino group, ⁇ Lal Kill O alkoxycarbonyl arsenide Dorajino group (such as benzyl O alkoxycarbonyl arsenide Dorajino group C 7 -. 18 ⁇ Lal kill O propoxycarbonyl two Ruhi Dorajino group), etc.], Ashiruokishi group ( ⁇ Se butoxy, etc. C it Ashiruokishi group such as propionyl Okishi group).
- the protecting group for the carboxyl group is not limited to these, and other protecting groups used in the field of organic synthesis can also be used.
- Examples of the carbonyl halide group include a carbonyl chloride group, a carbonyl bromide group, a fluorinated carboyl group, and a carbonyl iodide group.
- the compound represented by formula (2) is, R 'is when R 4 is such alkoxycarbonyl alkylsulfonyl group Ya ⁇ reel O propoxycarbonyl El group is ⁇ Dammann Tan polycarboxylic Sane ester, R' R 4 is a substituted In the case of a rubamoyl group which may have a group, it is an adamantane polycarboxylic acid amide, and when R 1 R 4 is a halogenated carbonyl group, it is an adamantane polycarboxylic acid halide.
- Preferred R 'in R 4 represents a carboxyl group, C 6 alkoxy one carbonitrile Nyl group, (C-alkoxy) C
- Examples of the monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbon ring include a benzene ring.
- Examples of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon ring include a condensed ring structure in which two or more aromatic rings such as a naphthalene ring, an anthracene ring, a phenanthrene ring, and a phenalene ring each share two or more atoms.
- aromatic heterocyclic ring examples include a monocyclic or polycyclic aromatic heterocyclic ring containing one or more hetero atoms such as an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom, and a nitrogen atom.
- aromatic heterocyclic ring examples include a monocyclic ring such as a furan ring, a thiophene ring, a pyridine ring and a picolin ring; and a multicyclic ring such as a quinoline ring, an isoquinoline ring, an acridine ring and a phenazine ring. Ring and the like.
- aromatic rings may have a substituent. Examples of the substituent include those exemplified as the substituent which the hydrocarbon group for X may have.
- the trifunctional adamantane compound (adamantane tricarboxylic acid and its derivative) is a compound in which all three functional groups are carboxyl groups, and one functional group is a protecting group.
- Compounds with a protected carboxyl group or carbonyl halide group, compounds with two functional groups being carboxyl groups or halogenated carbonyl groups protected with a protective group, and forces with all three functional groups protected with a protective group Includes compounds that are ropoxyl or carbonyl halide groups
- Typical examples of trifunctional adamantane compounds in which all three functional groups are carboxyl groups are 1,3,5-adamantane tricarboxylic acid and 7-methyl-1,1,3,5-adamantane tricarboxylic acid.
- a trifunctional adamantane compound in which one functional group is a carboxyl group or a halogenating power luponyl group protected by a protecting group include 1-methoxycarbodilu 3,5-adamantanedicarboxylic acid, 1 _ (t-butoxycarbonyl) 1,3,5-adamantane dicarboxylic acid, 1-tetrahydrodrobilanyl (THP) oxycarbonyl 1,3,5-adamantandicanolevonic acid, 1 _ phenoxycarbonyl 2,3,5-adamantane dicarboxylic acid , 1-Methoxymethyl (MEM) oxycarbone 3,5-adamantanedicarboxylic acid, 1-trimethylsilyl (TMS) oxycarbonyl-1,3,5-adamantanedicarboxylic acid, 1,3-dicarboxy-1 5— Adamantanecarboxylic acid chloride, 1-jetinole rubamoyl — 3,5-adamant
- a typical example of a trifunctional adamantane compound in which two functional groups are a carboxyl group protected by a protecting group or a halogenating power luponyl group is 1,3-bis (methoxycarbonyl) -1,5-adamantane monofunctional compound.
- carboxylic acid 1,3-bis (t-butoxycarbol) -1-5-adamantane monocarboxylic acid, 1,3-bis (tetrahydrobiranil (THP) oxycarbonyl) -1,5-adamantanemonocarboxylic acid, 1,3 —Bis (phenoxycarbonyl) -1-5-adamantane monocarboxylic acid, 1,3-bis (methoxymethyl (MEM) oxycarbel) -1-5-adamantane mono-rubric acid, 1,3-bis (trimethylsilinole (TMS) 1-5-adamantane monocarboxylic acid, 1-carboxy-13,5-adamantane dicarboxylic acid dichloride, 1,3-bis (getylcarbamoyl) -15-adamantane monocarboxylic acid , 1,3-bis (1-pyrrolidininolecarbonyl) -1-5-adamantane mono-norrevonic acid, 1-
- a typical example of a trifunctional adamantane compound in which all three functional groups are a carboxyl group or a halogenating haponyl group protected by a protecting group is, for example, 1,3,5-tris (methoxycarbonyl).
- 4 Functional adamantane compounds include compounds in which all four functional groups are carboxyl groups, and one functional group is a carboxyl group or a halogenated carboyl group protected by a protecting group.
- Typical examples of tetrafunctional adamantane compounds in which all four functional groups are carboxyl groups are 1,3,5,7-adamantane tracarboxylic acid, 1,3,5,7-tetrakis (4- Carboxyphenyl) adamantane and the like.
- a typical example of a tetrafunctional adamantane compound in which one functional group is a carboxyl group protected by a protecting group or a halogenating haponyl group is 1-methoxycarbyl-1,3,5,7-adamantane.
- Tantricarboxylic acid 1- (t-butoxycanolebonyl) 1,3,5,7-adamantantyl carboxylic acid, 1-tetrahydrodrobilanyl (THP) oxycarbone 3,5,7-adamantane tricarboxylic acid, 1- Phenoxycarbonyl-1,3,5,7-adamantanetricarboxylic acid, 1-methoxymethyl (MEM) oxycarbonyl-1,3,5,7-adamantantricarboxylic acid, 1-trimethylsilinole (TMS) oxycarbonyl-13 , 5,7-adamantane tricarboxylic acid, 1,3,5-tricarboxy-17-adamantane force , 5,7-Adamanthan tricarboxylic acid, 1- (1-pyrrolidinylcanolebonyl) 1-3,5,7-Adamantane tricarboxylic acid, 1,3,5-tris (4-carboxyphenyl) 1 7- (4-Meth
- tetrafunctional adamantane compounds in which two functional groups are a carboxyl group protected by a protecting group or a halogenating alcohol group include 1,3-bis (methoxycarbonyl) -1,5, 7-adamantanedicarboxylic acid, 1,3-bis (t-butoxycarbonyl) 1,5,7-adamantanedicarboxylic acid, 1,3-bis (tetrahydrodrobilanyl (THP) oxycarbol) _ 5,7-adaman Tandicarboxylic acid, 1,3-bis (phenoxycarbonole) -1,5,7-adamantandicanolevonic acid, 1,3-bis (methoxymethyl (MEM) oxycarboe) 1,5,7-adamantandicarboxylic acid, 1,3-bis (trimethylsilyl (TMS) oxycarbonyl) 1,5,7-adamantane dicarboxylic acid, 1,3-dicarboxy-1,5,7-abromine
- tetrafunctional adamantane compound in which three functional groups are a carboxyl group or a halogenating power luponyl group protected by a protecting group include 1,3,5—tris (methoxycarbonyl) 1 7— Adamantane monocarbonic acid, 1,3,5-tris (t-butoxycarbonyl) — 7-adamantanemonocarboxylic acid, 1,3,5-tris (tetrahydrobilanyl (THP) oxycarbonyl) 7-adamantane monocarboxylic acid, 1,3,5-tris (phenoxycarbonyl) 1 7-adamantane monocarbonic acid, 1,3,5-tris (methoxymethyl (MEM) oxycarbonyl 1) 7-adamantane monocarboxylic acid, 1, 3, 5-tris (trimethylsilyl (TMS) oxycarbonyl) Rubonic acid, 1-carboxy-3,5,7-adamantane tricarboxylic acid
- tetrafunctional adamantane compounds in which all four functional groups are a carboxyl group or a halogenating power luponyl group protected by a protecting group include 1,3,5,7-tetrakis (methoxycarbonyl) adamantane, 1,3,5,7-tetrakis (t-butoxycarbonyl) adamantane, 1,3,5,7-tetrakis (tetrahidrobiranil (THP) oxyforce rubonil) adamantane, 1,3,5, 7-Tetrakis (phenoxy force rubonyl) adamantane, 1,3,5,7-tetrakis (methoxymethyl (MEM) oxycarbonyl) adamantane, 1,3,5,7-tetrakis (trimethylsilyl (TMS ) Oxycarbonyl) adamantane, 1,3,5,7-adamantanetetracarboxylic acid tetrachloride, 1, 1,3,
- adamantane polycarboxylic acids and adamantane carboxylic acid derivatives can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the adamantane polycarboxylic acid represented by the formula (2) or (2a) can be prepared by a known or conventional method, or by utilizing a known organic synthesis reaction.
- the insulating film forming material may contain other components other than the above, for example, for example, catalysts for accelerating the polymerization reaction (acid catalysts such as sulfuric acid, etc.), viscous agents for increasing the viscosity of the solution (ethylene glycol, etc.), monocarboxylic acids for adjusting the molecular weight after polymerization ( Adamantane carboxylic acid, etc.), dicarboxylic acids for adjusting the degree of cross-linking after polymerization (adamantane dicarboxylic acid, etc.), and adhesion promoters for improving the adhesion of the formed insulating film to the substrate (trimethoxy silane). ) May be added in small amounts.
- acid catalysts such as sulfuric acid, etc.
- viscous agents for increasing the viscosity of the solution
- ethylene glycol, etc. monocarboxylic acids for adjusting the molecular weight after polymerization
- dicarboxylic acids for adjusting the degree of cross-linking after polymerization
- the solvent is not particularly limited as long as it does not inhibit the ring-forming reaction between the adamantane polycarboxylic acid and the aromatic polyamine derivative.
- solvents include, for example, aliphatic hydrocarbons (hexane, heptane, octane, etc.), alicyclic hydrocarbons (cyclohexane, methylcyclohexane, etc.), aromatic hydrocarbons (benzene, toluene, etc.).
- the method for preparing the polymerizable composition constituting the insulating film forming material is not particularly limited as long as the adamantan polycarboxylic acid and the aromatic polyamine derivative (monomer component) can be completely dissolved in a solvent. This is performed by stirring or allowing a mixture composed of a monomer component, a solvent, and other components to stand.
- the mixing ratio of the adamantane polycarboxylic acid and the aromatic polyamine derivative can be used in any ratio depending on the solubility in the solvent used, as long as it does not affect the function of the insulating film to be formed.
- the concentration of the sum of the adamantamboric carboxylic acids and the aromatic polyamine derivative (the total amount of the monomers) in the solvent is arbitrarily selected according to the solubility in the solvent to be used. 0% by weight, preferably about 10 to 60% by weight.
- a high concentration of a monomer component can be dissolved by improving the solubility in a solvent.
- An insulating film formed from an insulating film forming material in which a high-concentration monomer component is dissolved exhibits excellent electrical characteristics because the film thickness can be increased, and a film thickness suitable for various semiconductor manufacturing processes. An insulating film having the same can be formed.
- the dissolution is carried out, for example, in an air atmosphere, to the extent that the aromatic polyamine derivative is not oxidized, preferably in an atmosphere of an inert gas such as nitrogen or argon.
- the temperature for dissolution is not particularly limited, and heating may be performed according to the solubility of the monomer or the boiling point of the solvent, for example, 0 to 200 ° C, preferably about 10 to 150 ° C. It is.
- an insulating film As a material for forming an insulating film, it exhibits high heat resistance due to its high degree of crosslinking. It is conceivable to use a polycondensation product (polybenzazole) of an adamantane polycarboxylic acid and an aromatic polyamine derivative to obtain an insulating film. However, such polybenzazoles have high crosslinkability and low solubility in solvents, and it has been difficult to use them as insulating film forming materials for forming thin films by coating. On the other hand, in the insulating film forming material containing the aromatic polyamine derivative, since the monomer component is completely dissolved in the above solvent, the material is applied as it is to a substrate as a coating solution, and then polymerized to form a highly crosslinked polymer. An insulating film made of the polybenzazole can be easily formed.
- Examples of the base material to be applied with the insulating film forming material include a silicon wafer, a metal substrate, and a ceramic substrate.
- the coating method is not particularly limited, and a conventional method such as a spin coating method, a dip coating method, and a spraying method can be used.
- the heating temperature is not particularly limited as long as the polymerizable component used is polymerized, but is, for example, about 100 to 500 ° C., preferably about 150 to 450 ° C. Alternatively, a gradual temperature gradient may be applied.
- the heating may be performed, for example, under an air atmosphere, preferably under an inert gas (nitrogen, argon, etc.) atmosphere, or under a vacuum atmosphere, as long as the performance of the formed thin film is not affected.
- the adamantane polycarboxylic acids and the aromatic polyamine derivative contained in the insulating film-forming material are usually polycondensed with the elimination of a carboxyl group-protecting group and / or an amino group-protecting group. Then, adamantane skeleton-containing polybenzazoles (imidazole, oxazole, thiazoles) and the like are formed as polymerization products.
- the insulating film formed by heating is composed of an adamantane ring, an aromatic ring, and an azole ring or a six-membered nitrogen-containing nitrogen contained in a polymer formed from the insulating film forming material. It contains an elementary ring (a ring formed in the polycondensed part) as a main structural unit.
- the insulating film is formed, for example, by using adamantanepolycarbonic acid having three functional groups, whereby an adamantane compound having a three-dimensional structure and an aromatic polyamine having a two-dimensional structure are bonded to form an adamantane skeleton.
- a vertex (crosslinking point) As a vertex (crosslinking point), a highly crosslinked polymer film having a structure crosslinked in three directions (a unit in which three hexagons share two vertices or two sides) is formed. Also, by using adamantane polycarboxylic acid having four functional groups, a structure in which the adamantane skeleton is used as a vertex (crosslinking point) and cross-linked in four directions (a unit in which three hexagons share two sides with each other) ) Can be formed. Such an insulating film can have an excellent relative dielectric constant because a large number of molecular-level holes are uniformly dispersed therein.
- the thickness of the insulating film formed by heating is, for example, 50 nm or more (about 50 to 200 nm), preferably 100 nm or more (about 100 to 2000 nm). ), More preferably at least 300 nm (about 300 to 2000 nm).
- a coating solution having a high monomer concentration can be obtained, so that the above-mentioned film thickness can be realized even with an insulating film made of polybenzazoles. If the thickness is less than 50 nm, problems such as generation of leakage current may be adversely affected, and it may be difficult to flatten a film by chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) in a semiconductor manufacturing process.
- CMP chemical mechanical polishing
- an insulating film having low dielectric constant and high heat resistance can be formed.
- the insulating film can be used, for example, as an insulating film in an electronic material component such as a semiconductor device, and is particularly useful as an interlayer insulating film.
- Example Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to Examples, but the present invention is not limited to these Examples.
- s”, “m”, and “w” indicate the absorption intensities of the wavelengths described before each symbol, and are “strong”, “medium”, and “weak”, respectively. It means that there was absorption.
- the thickness of the polymer film was measured using an ellipsometer.
- Soxhlet extractor to which Molecular Bus 4A was added as a dehydrating agent In a 20 Om1 flask equipped with a stirrer, condenser and thermometer, add 1,3.8 g (100 mmo1) of 1,2,4,5-benzenebenzene and 100 m of acetic acid to acetone. 3.0 g (50 mmo 1) was added, and the mixture was refluxed for 3 hours under a nitrogen atmosphere. After cooling to room temperature, the acetone, which had been removed under reduced pressure, was purified by silica gel chromatography to obtain the desired 1,2,4,5, -benzenetetraamine monoisopropanoimine.
- the film was spin-coated on an 8-inch silicon wafer, heated at 300 ° C. for 30 minutes in a nitrogen atmosphere, and further heated at 400 ° C. for 30 minutes to form a film.
- the infrared absorption spectrum of the polymer film thus obtained was measured, the infrared absorption spectrum shown in Fig. 1 was obtained. More it was confirmed that the crosslinked polybenzimidazole film of interest is formed.
- the film thickness of the obtained film was 3 0 0 n m.
- Example 15 1,3,5-adamantane tricarboxylic acid was replaced with 1,3,5-adamantane tricarboxylic acid in place of 1,3,5-adamantane tricarboxylic acid trimethyl ester, and N, N ′, N ′′, N ′ ′′ ′ Hexylidene-3,4,3 ', 4'-Biphenyltetramine was replaced by 3,3'-diaminobenzidine in the same amount as in Example 15; however, its solubility in the solvent (mesitylene) was Therefore, 1,3,5-Adamantane tricarboxylic acid for 0.54 g (2 mm o 1) resin and 3,3 'diaminobenzidine for 0.64 g (3 mm o 1) A coating solution having a monomer concentration of 1.2% by weight was prepared in the same manner as in Example 15, except that the polymer was obtained. When the infrared absorption spectrum of the film was measured, the desired crosslinked It was confirmed that the te
- Tetramethylester 1,4,5,7-adamantanetetracarboxylate 4.42 g (12 mmo 1) and 3,3'-diaminobenzidine tetracyclohexanoimine obtained in Example 5 [N, N ', N ", ⁇ '"'-tetracyclohexylidene-1,3,4,3',4'-biphenyltetramine] 12.83 g (24 mmo1) in a nitrogen atmosphere under room temperature Niteme Chiruisobuchiruke tons (MIBK) was dissolved in 1 0 0 g, monomer concentration 1 4.7 wt. / 0 coating solution was prepared of.
- MIBK Niteme Chiruisobuchiruke tons
- the coating solution After passing through a Ron filter, spin-coat on an 8-inch silicon wafer. I dropped it. This was heated in a nitrogen atmosphere at 300 ° C. for 30 minutes, and further heated at 400 ° C. for 30 minutes to form a film. When the infrared absorption spectrum of the polymer film thus obtained was measured, it was confirmed that the desired crosslinked polybenzimidazole film was formed. The thickness of the obtained film was 40 nm.
- Example 16 1,3,5,7-adamantanetetracarboxylic acid was replaced with 1,3,5,7-adamantanetetracarboxylic acid instead of 1,3,5,7-adamantanetetracarboxylic acid tetramethyl ester, ⁇ , ⁇ ′, ⁇ ′′, ⁇ ′ ′.
- '—Tetracyclohexylidene 1,3,4,3', 4 '—3,3' diaminobenzidine was used in the same amount as in Example 16 in place of biphenyltetraamine, and the solvent (methyl Isobutyl ketone: Low solubility in MI ( ⁇ II).
- 1,3,5,7-adamantane tracarboxylic acid was added to 0.62 g (2 mmol) of resin, 3,3 'diamino. except that the base Njijin using 0. 8 6 g (4 mm 0 1), the procedure of example 1 6 was prepared monomer concentration 1.5 wt. / 0 of the coating solution. the coating solution The infrared absorption spectrum of the polymer film obtained by performing the same operation as in Example 16 was measured using As a result, it was confirmed that the desired cross-linked polybenzimidazole film was formed, and the thickness of the obtained film was less than 20 nm.
- Example 17 N, ⁇ ', N ", N'" '-tetrisopropylidene-1,3,4,3', 4'-biphenylnitramine 3,3'-Diaminobenzidine monoisopropanomine obtained in 2 [ ⁇ '-Isopropylidene_3,4,3 ', 4'-Biphenyltetraamine] 4.88 g (19.2 mm o 1) and 3, 3 '-diaminobenzidine diisopropylamine [ ⁇ ', ⁇ '' '-diisopropylidene-1, 3, 4, 3', 4 '-biphenylenyl tramine] 1.4 1 g
- the same operation as in Example 17 was carried out except that (4.8 mm o 1) was used to prepare a coating solution having a monomer concentration of 9.6% by weight.
- Example 17 1,3,5-Adamantanetricarboxylic acid and N ,, ', ⁇ ", ⁇ ''''-tetrisopropylidene-1,3,4,3',4'-biphenyltetraamine
- 3,3'-diaminobenzidine was used in the same amount as in Example 17, the solubility in the solvent (dioxane) was low. Therefore, 1,3,5-adamantantica was used.
- the same operation as in Example 17 was carried out except that 1.07 g (4 mmol) of rubonic acid was used and 1.29 g (6 mmo1) of 3,3 ′ diaminobenzidine was used. Then, a coating solution having a monomer concentration of 2.3% by weight was prepared.
- the infrared absorption spectrum of the polymer film obtained by performing the same operation as in Example 17 was measured, and it was confirmed that the desired crosslinked polybenzimidazole film was formed. did.
- the thickness of the obtained film is less than 20 nm.
- the thickness of the obtained film was 300 nm.
- Example 19 instead of 1,3,5-adamantane carboxylic acid and 3,3′-diacetoxybenzidine diacetylamide, 3,3 ′ dihydroxybenzidine 1.30 g (6 mm When o1) was used in the same amount as in Example 19, the solubility in a solvent (propylene glycol monomethyl ether: PGME) was low. Therefore, 1, 3, Same as Example 19 except that 1.07 g (4 mmol) of 5-adamantant tricarboxylic acid and 1.30 g (6 mmol) of 3,3′-dihydroxybenzidine were used. Was performed to prepare a coating solution having a monomer concentration of 2.3% by weight.
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JP2004292348A (ja) * | 2003-03-26 | 2004-10-21 | Daicel Chem Ind Ltd | アダマンタントリカルボン酸誘導体 |
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