WO2005032371A1 - 目画像撮像装置 - Google Patents
目画像撮像装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2005032371A1 WO2005032371A1 PCT/JP2004/014572 JP2004014572W WO2005032371A1 WO 2005032371 A1 WO2005032371 A1 WO 2005032371A1 JP 2004014572 W JP2004014572 W JP 2004014572W WO 2005032371 A1 WO2005032371 A1 WO 2005032371A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- eye image
- focus
- focusing
- iris
- diameter
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B3/00—Apparatus for testing the eyes; Instruments for examining the eyes
- A61B3/10—Objective types, i.e. instruments for examining the eyes independent of the patients' perceptions or reactions
- A61B3/14—Arrangements specially adapted for eye photography
- A61B3/145—Arrangements specially adapted for eye photography by video means
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/117—Identification of persons
- A61B5/1171—Identification of persons based on the shapes or appearances of their bodies or parts thereof
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
- G06V40/00—Recognition of biometric, human-related or animal-related patterns in image or video data
- G06V40/10—Human or animal bodies, e.g. vehicle occupants or pedestrians; Body parts, e.g. hands
- G06V40/18—Eye characteristics, e.g. of the iris
- G06V40/19—Sensors therefor
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an eye image capturing device, particularly to an eye image capturing device that can be mounted on a portable terminal device.
- iris authentication is performed by illuminating the user's eyes and its surroundings with near-infrared rays, etc., and capturing images of the eyes and their surroundings using a power camera (hereinafter collectively referred to as eye images). It performs personal authentication by extracting iris information from the eye image and comparing it with iris information based on the registered iris information.
- the eye image capturing device used at this time must accurately capture the eye image in order to accurately extract the iris information of the user. For this reason, an eye image capturing apparatus using an automatic focusing technique that detects an eye position from a captured image of the entire face and zooms up the eye with a zoom lens or the like to capture an eye image of a desired size has been proposed. I have.
- This autofocus technology utilizes the fact that a high-frequency component is included in an image signal when a contour image is sharply captured when the subject is in focus (hereinafter, focusing is referred to as focusing).
- the control is performed so that the high-frequency component in the image signal is integrated while changing the lens position, and the lens position where the value is maximized is searched.
- it is general to employ a so-called hill-climbing method in which the lens position is gradually changed in a direction in which the high-frequency component increases (for example, see Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2000-163873). 0 0 0—1 3 159 8).
- each part of the eye such as the iris pattern, eyelashes, and eyelids
- the magnitude of the high-frequency components included in the eye image signal also varies greatly between individuals. Therefore, in a method in which the imaging distance is guided so that the magnitude of the high frequency component becomes larger than a predetermined threshold, an eye image that is out of focus is taken in by some users, or conversely, determination of focus is performed. There was a problem that stable focusing judgment could not be obtained due to the shape of each part of the user's eyes, such as the inability to obtain an eye image.
- the present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and it is possible to perform stable focus determination using a small, lightweight, and inexpensive fixed focal length lens regardless of the shape of each part of the user's eyes. It is an object of the present invention to provide an eye image pickup device that can be mounted on a portable terminal device. Disclosure of the invention
- An eye image capturing apparatus includes: an imaging unit that captures an eye image of a user; a focus degree calculation unit that calculates a focus degree from the eye image captured by the imaging unit; A threshold setting unit for setting a focusing threshold of the camera, and a focusing determining unit for comparing the degree of focusing and the focusing threshold to determine focusing. It is characterized in that the focusing threshold value is set based on this.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of an eye image capturing apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram schematically showing the relationship between the degree of focus and the imaging distance for different users.
- FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing an operation procedure at the time of setting a focusing threshold value in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of an eye image capturing apparatus according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the relationship between the imaging distance, the magnification of the image to be captured, and the iris diameter.
- FIG. 6 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of an eye image capturing apparatus according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram schematically showing the relationship between the iris diameter and the degree of focus for different users.
- FIG. 8 is a flowchart illustrating a procedure of an image capturing operation at the time of iris authentication according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of an eye image capturing apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- the eye image capturing apparatus 100 includes an imaging unit 120 that captures an eye image of a user, and a focus degree calculation that calculates a magnitude of a high-frequency component included in the eye image as a focus degree.
- Eye An illumination unit (not shown) is provided to illuminate the user's eyes and the surrounding area by irradiating near infrared rays in an amount of light suitable for image acquisition. '
- the imaging section 120 has a lens 121, a visible light cut filter 122, an imaging element 123, an image signal processing section 124, and a guiding mirror 125.
- the guiding mirrors 125 guide the user to the correct imaging position by reflecting the user's own eyes.
- the user's eyes are imaged by the image sensor 123 through the lens 122 and the visible light cut filter 122.
- the image signal processing unit 124 extracts an image signal component from the output signal of the image sensor 123, and After performing necessary processing such as gain adjustment as an image signal, it is output as a user's eye image signal.
- the focus degree calculation unit 130 has a filter unit 1331 and an integration unit 1332.
- the filter section 13 1 extracts a high-frequency component signal having a predetermined frequency band suitable for focus determination from the image signal output by the image signal processing section 124, and extracts the extracted high-frequency component signal. Is output to the integration section 1 32.
- the integration unit 132 integrates the square or absolute value of the high-frequency component obtained through the filter unit 131 in a region within one screen (one frame), and calculates the magnitude of the high-frequency component included in the eye image. Output as Hereinafter, the magnitude of the high-frequency component included in the eye image output from the integration unit 132 is referred to as a focus degree F.
- the focus determination unit 140 compares the degree of focus F with a focus threshold Fth which is determined in advance by a method described later to determine focus. In this way, the focus determination output obtained as the output of the focus determination unit 140 and the eye image output that is the output of the image signal processing unit 124 are input to the iris authentication device (not shown), The iris authentication is performed using the eye image signal determined to be in focus.
- the threshold value setting section 150 is provided to a legitimate user of the portable terminal device equipped with the eye image pickup device 100 in Embodiment 1 of the present invention, for example, a terminal use contractor or owner, as follows.
- To set the focusing threshold F th When a legitimate user registers iris information, first, an eye image is taken while changing the distance between the eye image pickup device 100 and the eye, and a plurality of eye images corresponding to different imaging distances X are obtained. Then, the degree of focus F is obtained for each eye image.
- the threshold value setting section 150 obtains a maximum value Fmax from a plurality of focus degrees F thus obtained, and multiplies the maximum value Fmax by a predetermined coefficient described later to obtain a focus threshold value Fth. .
- the authorized user is changed due to a transfer or the like, when the new authorized user re-registers the iris information in the iris authentication device, it is necessary to reset the focusing threshold Fth.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram schematically showing the relationship between the imaging distance X and the focus degree F for different users, where A, B, and C show the relationships for three different users.
- the fixed focal length lens is used as the lens 1 2 1. Therefore, the imaging distance X f at which the focus degree F is the maximum value is the focal length of the fixed focal length lens. It is determined by the distance (just focus distance) and is common regardless of the user. However, there are individual differences in the relationship between the focus degree F and the imaging distance X as shown in FIG.
- the iris patterns differ from person to person, but the high-frequency components contained in the eye image differ from person to person, and also the shape of the parts other than the iris, such as the eyelashes and eyelids, can affect this. Because it has an effect.
- the maximum value F max of the in-focus degree unique to each user is obtained, and the in-focus degree is obtained. It is necessary to take an image at a distance Xf where F becomes Fmax. However, in actual use, it is difficult to capture images at exactly the distance where the degree of focus F is maximized. Therefore, even if the eye image does not have the maximum focus degree F, if the eye image is in focus within a range where iris authentication can be performed without any practical problems, it is considered that the image is in focus and authentication is performed. It is practical to do.
- FIG. 2 shows the range of the imaging distance X as a focusing range Xw.
- the focus threshold is set to the value indicated by F th in FIG. 2
- the eye image whose focus degree F exceeds the focus threshold F th that is, the focus range
- the eye image in Xw can be authenticated and is an appropriate value as the focusing threshold.
- an eye image that cannot be authenticated may be captured as an eye image that can be authenticated.
- the focus determination cannot be obtained.
- an effect of lowering the authentication rate (acceptance rate of others) of unauthorized users (users B and C shown in FIG. 2) can be obtained.
- the relationship between the focus degree 'F and the imaging distance shows a substantially similar shape, so that only a fixed ratio from the maximum focus degree Fmax
- the imaging distance X may be within the focus range Xw. Therefore, the focusing threshold Fth can be obtained by multiplying the maximum value Fmax by a predetermined coefficient. In the present embodiment, if this coefficient is 0.8, that is, if the degree of focusing F is 80% or more of Fmax, it is regarded as an eye image in the focusing range.
- the value of the coefficient be appropriately set according to the optical characteristics of the imaging unit 120, the characteristics of the connected iris authentication device, and further the purpose of use of the iris authentication device.
- FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing an operation procedure at the time of setting the focus threshold value in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- a message to start setting the focus threshold is output (S11).
- multiple eye images with different imaging distances are required. For example, a message such as "Please slowly bring the camera closer to your eyes from the position where your arm is extended” is output.
- This message may be displayed, for example, using a display unit such as a liquid crystal display panel attached to the portable terminal device, or may be output as audio through an attached speaker.
- the eye image of the user is captured (S12), and the integrated value of the high-frequency component contained in the obtained eye image, that is, the degree of focus F is obtained (S13). Then, it is determined whether or not the data necessary for setting the focusing threshold has been obtained (S14). The series of operations from step S12 to step S14 is repeated until data necessary for setting the focusing threshold is obtained.
- the degree of focus F of a plurality of eye images captured within a range of an imaging distance wider than the in-focus range Xw that includes the range Xw. In other words, to take an example of continuous imaging while gradually approaching the camera from a distance, first, the eye image with a low focus degree F is captured, and then the focus degree F gradually increases. The focus degree F for each of a plurality of eye images after the focus degree reaches the maximum value F max at a certain point until the focus degree F decreases again.
- a maximum value Fmax is obtained from the data of the plurality of focus degrees F, and is multiplied by a predetermined coefficient (0.8 in the present embodiment) to set a focus threshold Fth (S1). Five ). Finally, a message to the effect that the threshold setting has been completed is output as an image or sound (S16). In this way, for a legitimate user who is a legitimate user, it is possible to set the focus threshold value F th specific to this legitimate user.
- the focusing threshold F th By setting the focusing threshold F th to a specific value that is optimal for a legitimate user in this way, it is possible to ensure that the focused eye can be focused even with a small, lightweight, and inexpensive fixed-focus lens. Images can be acquired.
- the focusing threshold F th As another method of setting the focusing threshold F th, when setting the focusing threshold, for example, using a ruler cut to the length of the focusing distance or the like, an image is taken at the focusing distance X f that becomes the just focus. When the eye image can be captured at a fixed distance, the focusing threshold can be set more easily. Since the high-frequency component included in the eye image at this time indicates the maximum value Fmax, this value may be multiplied by a coefficient (0.8) to set the focusing threshold Fth.
- Embodiment 1 The operation of the eye image capturing apparatus 100 according to Embodiment 1 for determining the focus at the time of iris authentication will be briefly described below. It is assumed that the focus threshold Fth has already been set.
- the eye image is captured, and the high-frequency components contained therein, that is, the degree of focus F, are obtained. If the value is equal to or larger than the focusing threshold Fth, it is determined that an in-focus eye image has been obtained, and the eye image output is output to the iris authentication device together with the focus determination output. If the focus degree F is less than the focus threshold Fth, the eye image is captured again. At this time, a message to change the imaging distance X may be output to the user.
- FIG. 4 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of an eye image capturing apparatus according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
- the same blocks as those in Embodiment 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals.
- a major difference between the eye image capturing apparatus according to the second embodiment and the eye image capturing apparatus according to the first embodiment is that focus determination is performed based on the iris diameter R of the eye image instead of the focus degree F of the eye image.
- the eye image capturing apparatus 200 according to Embodiment 2 includes an imaging unit 120, an iris diameter calculating unit 230 that calculates an iris diameter in each eye image, and a reference iris diameter unique to a regular user.
- the iris diameter calculation unit 230 includes a pupil detection unit 231, an orbital integration unit 2 32, and a diameter calculation unit 2 33.
- the pupil detection unit 2 31 binarizes the acquired eye image to extract a low-luminance area, determines that the pupil is a pupil based on its shape and size, obtains the center coordinates of the pupil, and determines the pupil center.
- the orbital integration unit 2 3 2 orbitally integrates the eye image around the pupil center,
- the diameter calculator 2 33 finds the boundary point between the iris and the white of the eye from the orbital integration value, and outputs it as the iris diameter R.
- the second focus determination section 240 compares the iris diameter R calculated from the eye image with a reference iris diameter R f determined in advance by a method described later to determine focus. If an eye image that can be used for authentication is not obtained, the imaging distance should be increased in order to obtain an eye image with a high degree of focus according to the magnitude relationship between the iris diameter R and the reference iris diameter R i. Or should be approached.
- the reference diameter setting unit 250 sets the reference iris diameter R f to a regular user of the portable terminal device equipped with the eye image pickup device 200 according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention as follows. Set. First, the distance between the eye image pickup device and the eye is fixed to the focus distance Xf that becomes the just focus using a ruler or the like in which the focus distance is written. Then, an eye image is captured by the imaging unit 120, and the iris diameter R is calculated by the iris diameter calculation unit 230. The reference diameter setting unit 250 sets the iris diameter R at this time as a reference iris diameter R f.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the relationship between the imaging distance X, the magnification K of the image to be captured, and the iris diameter R.
- K f is the magnification of the image at the imaging distance X f
- K s and K i are the upper and lower limits of the magnification of the image in the focusing range X w
- R f is the iris at the imaging distance X f
- the diameters, R s and R i are the upper and lower limits of the iris diameter in the focusing range Xw.
- the iris diameter R f at the focal distance X f is used to determine the iris diameter R f. Focusing determination is possible.
- FIG. 5 shows the allowable range of the iris diameter corresponding to the focusing range Xw of the imaging distance as Rw.
- the allowable range Rw of the iris diameter is appropriately set according to the optical characteristics of the imaging unit 120, the characteristics of the iris authentication device to be connected, and the purpose of use of the iris authentication device. 'New.
- the amount of calculation is larger than that of calculating the degree of focus for calculating the iris diameter from the eye image, but the obtained eye image falls within the focus range. If not, the advantage is that you can tell if the iris diameter is too large or too small. Therefore, in this case, it is possible to know whether to move the camera closer or farther, and to give a message to the user to guide the user to an appropriate imaging distance.
- the imaging distance X and the magnification K of the image to be imaged correspond one-to-one according to the relationship determined by the optical system used in the imaging unit. Since the diameter R and the magnification K also correspond one-to-one, knowing the iris diameter at a known imaging distance, for example, the iris diameter R f at the focusing distance X f, calculates the imaging distance X back from the value of the iris diameter R. Is also possible.
- FIG. 6 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of an eye image capturing apparatus according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
- the same blocks as those in the first and second embodiments are denoted by the same reference numerals.
- the eye image pickup device 300 in the third embodiment includes an image pickup unit 120, a focus degree calculation unit 130, a threshold value setting unit 150, and a focus determination unit. 14), an iris diameter calculation section 230, a second focus determination section 241, and a reference diameter setting section 251.
- the circuit block of the eye image capturing device 300 according to the third embodiment includes the circuit block of the eye image capturing device according to the first embodiment and the circuit block of the eye image capturing device according to the second embodiment. I have.
- the reference diameter setting unit 251 for a regular user of the portable terminal device equipped with the eye image pickup device 300 according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention, sets the reference iris diameter R f as follows. Set. First, eye images are captured while changing the imaging distance X, and different imaging distances A plurality of eye images corresponding to each of X are obtained, and the degree of focus F is obtained for each eye image. Then, an eye image having the maximum focus degree F is obtained from the plurality of eye images, the iris diameter R of the eye image is calculated, and the value is set as a reference iris diameter R f.
- the reference iris diameter R f can be set in this way is that the imaging distance when the focusing degree F takes the maximum value F th is the focusing distance X ⁇ as described in the first embodiment. Further, as described in the second embodiment, the iris diameter R of the eye image captured at the focusing distance X f can be set as the reference iris diameter R f.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram schematically showing the relationship between the iris diameter R and the focus degree F for different users, where A, B, and C show the three users shown in FIG. .
- the difference from FIG. 2 is that the horizontal axis is not the imaging distance X but the iris diameter R.
- the reason that the iris diameter R f when the focusing degree F indicates the maximum value F max differs for each user is that the size of the iris of each user is different, and in this example, the iris of the user A is Largest, indicating that user C has the smallest iris.
- Figure 7 shows the reference iris diameter Rf and the allowable range Rw of the iris diameter (the upper and lower limits of the allowable range are R s and R i) and the focusing threshold for the user A who is an authorized user. F th is shown. Also in this case, as described in Embodiment 1, by setting the allowable range Rw of the iris diameter or the focusing threshold Fth optimally for the regular user A, the irregular user (the use of FIG. This has the effect of lowering the authentication rate for users B and C).
- FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing an eye image capturing operation procedure of the eye image capturing apparatus according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention at the time of iris authentication.
- an eye image of the user is captured (S31), and the degree of focus F of the obtained eye image is obtained (S32).
- S32 the degree of focus F of the obtained eye image is obtained (S32).
- S33 the focus threshold value Fth to determine whether or not the obtained eye image is an in-focus image that allows iris authentication
- the focus degree F is equal to or greater than the focus threshold Fth, an eye image that can be authenticated has been obtained, and an eye image signal is output to the iris authentication device together with the focus determination result (S34).
- the focus degree F is less than the focus threshold Fth, the iris diameter R of the obtained eye image is obtained (S35) and compared with the reference iris diameter Rf (S36). If the iris diameter R is smaller than the reference iris diameter Rf, the After outputting the message (S37), the process returns to step S31. If the iris diameter R is larger than the reference iris diameter Rf, a message indicating that the camera should be kept away from the eyes is output (S38), and the process returns to step S31.
- step S33 when the focus degree F is less than the focus threshold value Fth in step S33, the process always proceeds to step S35, but the process proceeds from step S33 to step S33.
- the process may proceed to S35 only once in several times, and otherwise proceed from step S33 to step S31.
- the advantages of the eye image pickup device 300 in the third embodiment including two determination units, a first focus determination unit 140 and a second focus determination unit 241, are as follows. is there. Calculation of the degree of focus F necessary for the first focus determination unit 140 can be performed with relatively simple calculations such as extraction and integration of high-frequency components. Real-time calculations on signals are possible. However, if the imaging distance of the eye image is not within the focusing range, it is not possible to know from the value of the degree of focusing F whether to move the camera closer or farther away. On the other hand, the calculation of the iris diameter R necessary for the judgment of the second focus judgment section 2 41 is performed by first finding the center of the pupil from the eye image, then performing orbital integration, and calculating the iris diameter therefrom. The calculation time becomes longer.
- the focus degree is determined by the first focus determination section 140, which has a short calculation time, and when the focus determination is not obtained, the second focus determination section 2.4 1 makes the determination, and By letting the user know where to move the eye, a focused eye image can be obtained in a short time.
- the eye image having the maximum focus degree F is obtained from a plurality of eye images having different imaging distances, and the iris diameter R of the eye image is set as the reference iris diameter R ⁇ .
- the focusing threshold F th and the upper limit R s and the lower limit R i of the allowable range of the iris diameter may be determined.
- the eye image capturing device captures an eye image while changing the distance from the eye, and focus degree F and iris diameter R included in each eye image. Is calculated.
- an approximate function F F (R) that indicates the relationship between the degree of focus F obtained from multiple eye images and the iris diameter R is obtained.
- F (R 1) F (R 2), that is, from the pair of two iris diameters R 1 and R 2 at which the degree of focusing is equal, the ratio of the iris diameter R 2 / R 1 is the magnification of the image.
- the eye image capturing apparatus of the present invention can perform stable focus determination regardless of the shape of the user's eyes by using a small, lightweight, and inexpensive fixed focus lens, and can be mounted on a portable terminal device. It is possible to provide a possible eye image capturing device, and it is useful as an eye image capturing device, particularly an eye image capturing device that can be mounted on a portable terminal device.
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US10/525,185 US7382901B2 (en) | 2003-10-01 | 2004-09-28 | Eye image imaging device |
EP04773596A EP1690494A4 (en) | 2003-10-01 | 2004-09-28 | EYES IMAGE PRESENTATION DEVICE |
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JP2003343021A JP3781028B2 (ja) | 2003-10-01 | 2003-10-01 | 目画像撮像装置 |
JP2003-343021 | 2003-10-01 |
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US (1) | US7382901B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1690494A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP3781028B2 (ja) |
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JP2003030659A (ja) * | 2001-07-16 | 2003-01-31 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 虹彩認証装置及び虹彩撮像装置 |
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2004
- 2004-09-28 WO PCT/JP2004/014572 patent/WO2005032371A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2004-09-28 US US10/525,185 patent/US7382901B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-09-28 EP EP04773596A patent/EP1690494A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2004-09-28 CN CNB2004800011674A patent/CN100405974C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
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JP2002334325A (ja) * | 2001-05-11 | 2002-11-22 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 認証対象撮像方法及びその装置 |
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JP2003331265A (ja) * | 2002-05-14 | 2003-11-21 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 目画像撮像装置及び虹彩認証装置 |
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CN102770078A (zh) * | 2010-02-26 | 2012-11-07 | 株式会社日立医疗器械 | 超声波探针和使用超声波探针的超声波摄像装置 |
US9138203B2 (en) | 2010-02-26 | 2015-09-22 | Hitachi Medical Corporation | Ultrasonic probe and ultrasonic imaging apparatus using the same |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN1819796A (zh) | 2006-08-16 |
JP2005103122A (ja) | 2005-04-21 |
JP3781028B2 (ja) | 2006-05-31 |
US7382901B2 (en) | 2008-06-03 |
EP1690494A1 (en) | 2006-08-16 |
US20050264758A1 (en) | 2005-12-01 |
CN100405974C (zh) | 2008-07-30 |
EP1690494A4 (en) | 2009-07-15 |
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