WO2005015673A1 - 燃料電池発電システム - Google Patents
燃料電池発電システム Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2005015673A1 WO2005015673A1 PCT/JP2004/011113 JP2004011113W WO2005015673A1 WO 2005015673 A1 WO2005015673 A1 WO 2005015673A1 JP 2004011113 W JP2004011113 W JP 2004011113W WO 2005015673 A1 WO2005015673 A1 WO 2005015673A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- fuel
- gas
- raw material
- power generation
- fuel cell
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
- H01M8/04225—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells during start-up
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
- H01M8/04228—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells during shut-down
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/043—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems applied during specific periods
- H01M8/04302—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems applied during specific periods applied during start-up
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
- H01M8/0606—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a fuel cell power generation system that generates power using a fuel cell.
- Conventional fuel cell power generation systems mainly consist of a fuel cell that consumes hydrogen-rich reformed gas (fuel gas) at the anode and oxygen gas at the cathode to generate electricity, and a blower that sends oxygen gas to the cathode.
- a fuel generator that generates a reformed gas from a raw material gas (for example, city gas or natural gas) and steam by a steam reforming reaction, and a reformed gas (off gas) that is not consumed at the fuel electrode.
- a burner that heats the reforming catalyst of the fuel generator by heat exchange of combustion gas obtained by burning off-gas.
- the nitrogen gas purging process requires a dedicated nitrogen facility such as a nitrogen cylinder and a nitrogen separation generator, and the fuel cell power generation system is used for applications such as household stationary power generation and electric vehicle power.
- the above-mentioned nitrogen equipment imposes restrictions on both the cost reduction and size reduction of the power generation system.
- a raw material gas purging technology for purging the inside of the fuel cell power generation system with a raw material gas instead of the nitrogen gas purging process at the time of starting the fuel cell power generation system is known.
- a desulfurization gas (a raw material gas from which the y-component has been removed) passed through a bypass path is used as a fuel.
- a purge gas system technology is shown in which the fuel gas is led from the gas supply pipe to the fuel electrode, purged with the raw material gas, and then controlled to feed the raw material gas to the fuel generator (Figs. 6 and 7 and their related descriptions). See).
- the present inventors have determined that it is important to stabilize the reaction, and in the case of a fuel cell power generation system using the raw material gas purging technology, it is necessary to determine when to stop the raw material gas purging operation for the fuel electrode.
- Function is an essential elemental technology.
- the present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problem, and an object of the present invention is to appropriately determine a stop time of a source gas purge process when a fuel gas is purged with a source gas at the time of starting the system. It is intended to provide a simple fuel cell power generation system.
- a fuel cell power generation system comprises: a fuel generation device that reforms a source gas to generate a hydrogen-rich fuel gas; and supplies the source gas to the fuel generation device.
- a fuel cell that generates electric power using the fuel gas and the oxidizing gas supplied from the fuel generator; and a fuel cell that supplies the raw material gas to the fuel electrode of the fuel cell by bypassing the fuel generator.
- a fuel cell power generation system comprising: a raw material flow rate measuring means disposed in the raw material gas path and measuring a flow rate of the raw material gas flowing through the bypass means; At the time of starting the stem, the raw material gas is injected into the fuel electrode via the bypass means, and the control device controls the raw material supply switching means based on an output value output by the raw material flow measuring means. After the operation, the supply of the source gas to the fuel electrode is stopped, and then the supply of the source gas to the fuel generator is started.
- a desulfurizer may be provided in the source gas path, and the desulfurizer may be configured to remove a sulfur component contained in the city gas as the source gas.
- a combustor for heating the fuel generating device is provided, and the raw material gas flowing through the fuel electrode via the bypass path or the raw material gas supplied from the raw material supply means is burned by the combustor. May be configured.
- a raw material flow rate adjusting means for adjusting a flow rate of the raw material gas sent from the raw material supply means may be provided.
- At least one of the fuel electrode and the fuel generation device is provided with air supply means for supplying air, and air is supplied to at least one of the fuel electrode and the fuel generation device by the air supply device.
- the source gas via the bypass unit may be supplied to the fuel electrode.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of the fuel cell power generation system according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a modified example of the raw material supply switching means in the first embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a fuel cell power generation system according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a fuel cell power generation system according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a fuel cell power generation system according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a fuel cell power generation system according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing a modified example of the raw material supply switching means according to the fifth embodiment.
- FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing a configuration of the fuel cell power generation system according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is a block diagram showing a modified example of the broken line portion (air supply means and booster) in FIG.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of the fuel cell power generation system according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- the main part of this fuel / cell power generation system 100 consumes hydrogen-rich reformed gas (fuel gas) at the fuel electrode 11a and oxygen gas (acid) at the air electrode 11c.
- Fuel cell 11 that generates electricity by consuming fuel gas, a blower 43 that sends oxygen gas to the air electrode 11c, and a compound composed of at least carbon and hydrogen such as methane gas, natural gas, or propane gas.
- a fuel generation device 12 that generates a hydrogen-rich fuel gas by steam-reforming a raw material gas containing hydrogen, and a raw material supply unit 13 that supplies a raw material to the fuel generation device 12.
- the gas supply system of the fuel cell power generation system 100 has a raw material supply path 14 that guides the raw material gas flowing out of the raw material supply means 13 to the fuel generation device 12 when described from the upstream side of the raw material gas supply.
- the fuel gas supply path 16 that guides the fuel gas flowing out of the fuel generator 12 to the fuel electrode 11 a of the fuel cell 11, and the fuel gas supply path that branches off and extends from the middle of the raw material supply path 14
- a first bypass passage 18 connected in the middle of the passage 16, and a part of the raw material supply passage 14 located upstream of a branch point between the first bypass passage 18 and the material supply passage 14.
- a raw material supply valve 15 that is arranged and capable of supplying and shutting down the raw material gas to the downstream side, and is disposed in the middle of a raw material supply path 14 between the raw material supply means 13 and the raw material supply valve 15, A raw material flowmeter 40 that detects the gas flow rate and measures the integrated flow rate, and is located downstream from the branch point.
- a raw material supply valve 19 that is disposed in the middle of the raw material supply path 14 to enable supply and shutoff of the raw material gas to the fuel generator 12, and is disposed in the middle of the first bypass path 18,
- a raw material bypass valve 20 that enables supply and cutoff of raw gas to and from the fuel electrode 11a, and is located upstream from the connection point between the first bypass passage 18 and the fuel gas supply passage 16.
- a fuel gas switching valve 17 which is disposed in the middle of the fuel gas supply path 16 and is capable of switching the fuel gas supply destination to the fuel electrode 11 a of the fuel cell 11 or another device (not shown); have.
- the raw material supply means 13 include a cylinder filled with a hydrocarbon gas, an on-off valve provided on a city gas pipe, and the like.
- the raw material gas flowing through the raw material supply path 14 is converted into the raw material gas by the flow operation of the raw material gas in the first bypass passage 18, the opening / closing operation of the raw material supply valve 19, and the opening / closing operation of the raw material bypass valve 20.
- First bypass at branch point It is possible to guide the fuel gas to the fuel gas supply path 16, and further to the fuel electrode 11 a downstream thereof, while bypassing the fuel generator 12 through the path 18.
- the raw material supply switching operation is realized by opening and closing the raw material supply valve 19 and opening and closing the raw material bypass valve 20.
- a specific embodiment as the bypass means is constituted by the first bypass passage 18 and the raw material bypass valve 20.
- a similar raw material flowmeter may be arranged in the middle of the first bypass passage 18.
- control device 36 receives a detection signal corresponding to the integrated flow rate output from the raw material flow meter 40, and appropriately controls the operation of the raw material supply valve 19 and the raw material bypass valve 20 based on this signal. To control.
- control device 36 also controls the overall operation of the fuel cell power generation system 100.
- the control device 36 opens the raw material source valve 15 and the raw material bypass valve 20 and closes the raw material supply valve 19.
- control device 36 executes the switching operation of the fuel gas switching valve 17, so that the portion 16 a of the fuel gas supply passage 16 on the side of the fuel generating device is not supplied to the fuel cell 11 (port to the outside). To the discharge port 17 a).
- the raw material gas flowing from the raw material supply means 13 through the raw material supply path 14 passes through the first bypass path 18 to the fuel cell side portion 16 b of the fuel gas supply path 16.
- the raw material gas led to this part 16 b is injected into the fuel electrode 11 a to purge the inside of the fuel electrode 11 a, and then is discharged to the fuel electrode 11 a.
- the controller 36 monitors the detection signal output from the raw material flow meter 40, detects the integrated flow rate of the raw material gas passing therethrough, and determines the integrated flow rate and the first bypass path 18 Compare the fuel cell power generation system 100's internal volume (known amount) with the total volume and fuel electrode 11a volume.
- control device 36 controls the gas supply system of the fuel cell power generation system 100 so that the integrated flow rate of the raw material gas for the purge process is at least equal to or more than the above-mentioned content.
- the supply amount of the raw material gas must be at least the internal capacity of the fuel cell power generation system 100 (4 to 5 liters). The above is necessary, and preferably about three times the internal capacity of the fuel cell power generation system 100.
- the controller 36 sends, for example, a predetermined amount (for example, three times the internal capacity of the fuel cell power generation system 100) to the fuel electrode 11a as an integrated flow rate of the raw material gas for purging processing. At this point, close the material bypass valve 20.
- control device 36 opens the raw material supply valve 19.
- the control device 36 opens the raw material supply valve 19.
- control device 36 has a function of determining the stop time of the raw material gas purge process for the fuel electrode 11a based on the accumulated flow rate of the raw material gas obtained by the raw material flow meter 40 (output value of the raw material flow meter 40). Have.
- the raw material gas sent to the fuel generator 12 undergoes a reforming reaction with steam in a high-temperature reforming catalyst (not shown), and as a result, a hydrogen-rich fuel gas is generated.
- the fuel generator 12 has a function of appropriately removing carbon monoxide gas contained in the fuel gas after the reforming reaction.
- P t The concentration of carbon monoxide gas can be reduced below a level that does not damage the electrode catalyst.
- the carbon monoxide gas removal function is not performed due to the low temperature inside the fuel generation device 12. It is difficult to reduce the concentration of carbon monoxide gas in the fuel gas to a predetermined level or less without sufficiently exerting it.
- the control device 36 sets the fuel gas switching valve 17 to the same state (fuel gas supply) so as to prevent the fuel gas from being supplied to the fuel electrode 11a. (A state in which the part 16a of the fuel generating device side of the passage 16 communicates with the external discharge port 17a).
- the fuel gas discharged to the outside may be supplied to a burner for heating the fuel generator 12 or another burner (not shown) and may be burned there.
- the control device 36 executes a switching operation of the fuel gas switching valve 17 to perform the fuel gas supply passage 16 and the fuel electrode 1
- the fuel gas flowing through the fuel gas supply path 16 in communication with the fuel cell 1a is supplied to the fuel electrode 11a, and is used for power generation of the fuel cell 11 together with the air at the air electrode 11c.
- Off-gas (mixed gas of hydrogen gas, water vapor, carbon dioxide gas, and carbon monoxide gas) that was not used for power generation from the fuel electrode 11a was supplied to the outside of the fuel cell 11 from the fuel electrode 11a. Is discharged.
- the off-gas discharged to the outside may be supplied to a burner or another burner (not shown) for heating the fuel generator 12, and may be processed there.
- the controller 36 has a function of stopping the source gas purging process, which determines the stop time of the source gas purging process for the fuel electrode 11a based on the integrated flow rate of the source gas obtained by the source flow meter 40. Accordingly, a processing procedure of starting the supply of the raw material gas to the fuel generation device 12 after completing the raw material gas purging processing on the fuel electrode 11a can be reliably performed.
- the internal volume of the fuel generator 12 increases due to an increase in molecular weight based on the progress of the reforming reaction inside the fuel generator 12 and an increase in the internal temperature of the fuel generator 12.
- the fuel generator As the internal pressure loss in the fuel cell 12 increases, the flow rate of the raw material gas supplied to the fuel generator 12 and the flow rate of the raw material gas for purging the fuel electrode 11 a fluctuate, and eventually the flow rate increases. It may lead to flame instability or instability of the reforming reaction of the fuel generator 12.
- the flammable range due to the mixture of hydrogen gas and oxygen gas (the flammable range of hydrogen gas: (4% to 75%), and a mixed gas consisting of hydrogen and oxygen can react at low temperature by the action of a platinum-based catalyst. May cause abnormal combustion.
- the flammable range of the mixture of source gas (for example, methane gas) and oxygen gas is sufficiently narrower than that of hydrogen gas (the flammable range of methane gas: 5% to 15%), and the mixture of methane and oxygen Since the gas reaction does not proceed at low temperatures, the source gas is injected into the fuel electrode 11a in advance, thereby pushing out the gas (for example, air) in which the source gas stays in the fuel electrode 11a, and Mixing of the gas and the oxygen gas at the fuel electrode 11a can be prevented beforehand.
- the gas for example, air
- the raw material supply switching means includes a first bypass passage 18 (bypass means) corresponding to a portion surrounded by a broken line shown in FIG. 1, a raw material supply valve 19, and a raw material bypass valve 20 (bypass).
- a first bypass passage 18 and a raw material gas flowing through the raw material supply passage 14 shown in FIG. It is also possible to use a feedstock switching valve 21 that switches to the case of leading to 12 and the case of leading to the first bypass 18.
- bypass means is configured by the first bypass passage 18 and the raw material switching valve 21.
- the control device 36 opens the raw material source valve 15 and executes the switching operation of the raw material switching valve 21 so that the raw material supply path 14 and the first Connect the bypass 18. Then, the raw material gas sent from the raw material supply means 13 can be injected into the fuel electrode 11 a via the first bypass 18.
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a fuel cell power generation system according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- the same members as those in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted.
- This fuel cell power generation system 110 includes, in addition to the configuration of the fuel cell power generation system 100 shown in FIG. 1, a desulfurizer 22 for removing sulfur components as a deodorant contained in city gas.
- a booster 23 that boosts city gas to a predetermined pressure is provided. Therefore, here, as the raw material supply means 13, an on-off valve (not shown) provided in the city gas pipe 13 a is used.
- an operation example of the fuel cell power generation system 110 will be described. However, what is common to the operation of the fuel cell power generation system 100 according to the first embodiment will be described in a simplified manner.
- the control device 36 opens the raw material source valve 15 and the raw material bypass valve 20 and closes the raw material supply valve 19.
- the fuel gas switching valve 17 is switched to the fuel gas discharge side to operate the booster 23.
- the city gas guided to the desulfurizer 22 by the city gas pipe 13 a is de-sulfurized by the desulfurizer 22, then pressurized to a predetermined pressure by the booster 23 and sent out to the raw material supply path 14. You. Then, the city gas delivered to the raw material supply path 14 is guided to the fuel electrode 11 a via the first bypass path 18. The city gas led to the fuel electrode 11a is purged inside the fuel electrode 11a and discharged to the outside from the discharge passage of the fuel electrode 11a. Next, the control device 36 closes the raw material bypass valve 20, and the injection of the city gas into the fuel cell 11 ends. After that, the control device 36 opens the raw material supply valve 19 and the city gas pressurized by the booster 23 is supplied to the fuel generation device 12.
- the fuel cell power generation system 110 has the following effects in addition to the effects obtained in the first embodiment.
- the sulfur poisoning of the fuel electrode 11a can be prevented, and the durability of the fuel cell 11 can be improved.
- the pressure of the city gas of about 2 kPa is boosted by the booster 23 and the purging process is performed, the capacity of the booster 23 is arbitrarily changed to thereby reduce the flow rate of the city gas for purging.
- the purge process can be performed at an optimal city gas flow rate and an optimal purge process time.
- the raw material supply switching means includes a first bypass passage 18 (bypass means) corresponding to a portion surrounded by a broken line shown in FIG. 3, a raw material supply valve 19, and a raw material bypass valve 20 (bypass means). ) And, as a modified example of the raw material supply switching means, the first bypass path 18 shown in FIG. 2 and the city gas flowing through the raw material supply path 14 are led to the fuel generator 12, It is also possible to use a material switching valve 21 for switching between the case where the material is guided to the bypass 18.
- bypass means is configured by the first bypass passage 18 and the raw material switching valve 21.
- FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a fuel cell power generation system according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
- the same members as those in FIG. 3 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted.
- the fuel cell power generation system 120 has the same structure as the fuel cell power generation system 110 shown in FIG. 3, but also includes a burner 2 for maintaining the fuel generator 12 at a high temperature in order to perform a reforming reaction. 4 (combustor), a fuel gas discharge path 25 that supplies the fuel gas (off gas or purged gas) discharged from the fuel electrode 11a to the parner 24, and a fuel gas discharge path 25
- the switching operation of the condenser 45 and the fuel gas switching valve 17 that are disposed on the way to remove the water vapor contained in the fuel gas allows the connection between the fuel gas supply path 16 and the fuel gas discharge path 25 to be established.
- a second bypass passage 26 for guiding the gas delivered from the fuel generator 12 so as to bypass the fuel electrode 11 a of the fuel cell 11.
- the control device 36 opens the raw material source valve 15 and the raw material bypass valve 20 and closes the raw material supply valve 19. At the same time, the control device 36 switches the fuel gas switching valve 17 so as to connect the fuel gas supply path 16 to the second bypass path 26, and Operate 2 3.
- the city gas guided to the desulfurizer 22 by the city gas pipe 13 a is de-sulfurized by the desulfurizer 22, then pressurized to a predetermined pressure by the booster 23 and sent out to the raw material supply path 14. You. Then, the city gas delivered to the raw material supply path 14 is guided to the fuel electrode 11 a via the first bypass path 18.
- the city gas led to the anode 11a is purged inside the anode 11a and flows out of the anode 11a to the outside.
- the city gas that has flowed out is sent to a parner 24 through a fuel gas discharge channel 25, where it is subjected to combustion processing to generate high-temperature combustion gas.
- the fuel generating device 12 can be heated by heat exchange with the combustion gas. This combustion gas is discharged to the atmosphere after heating the fuel generator 12.
- control device 36 closes the raw material bypass valve 20, and the injection of the city gas into the fuel cell 11 ends. Thereafter, the control device 36 opens the raw material supply valve 19, whereby the city gas pressurized by the booster 23 is supplied to the fuel generation device 12.
- the city gas sent to the fuel generator 12 undergoes a reforming reaction with steam in a reforming catalyst (not shown) in a high temperature state, and as a result of the reaction, a hydrogen-rich fuel gas is generated.
- the fuel generator 12 has a built-in function that can appropriately remove carbon monoxide gas contained in the fuel gas after the reforming reaction. Pt)
- the carbon monoxide gas concentration can be reduced to a level that does not damage the electrode catalyst.
- the function of removing carbon monoxide gas can be sufficiently exhibited due to the low temperature inside the fuel generator 12. It is difficult to reduce the concentration of carbon monoxide gas in the fuel gas to a predetermined level or less without using the gas.
- control device 36 sets the fuel gas switching valve 17 to the same state (fuel gas supply) so as to prevent the supply of the fuel gas to the fuel electrode 11a during the above-mentioned predetermined period.
- the fuel gas containing a large amount of carbon monoxide gas is
- the control device 36 executes the switching operation of the fuel gas switching valve 17 to perform the fuel gas supply passage 16 and the fuel electrode 11 1 a, and the fuel gas flowing through the fuel gas supply path 16 is supplied to the fuel electrode 11a, and is used for power generation of the fuel cell 11 together with the air from the air electrode 11c.
- the off-gas (mixed gas of hydrogen gas, water vapor, carbon dioxide gas, and carbon monoxide gas) that was not used for power generation from the fuel electrode 11a flows from the fuel electrode 11a to the fuel gas discharge path. Spill into 2-5.
- the off-gas that has flowed out to the fuel gas discharge passage 25 is supplied to a parner 24 that heats the fuel generator 12, where it is processed for fuel.
- This fuel cell power generation system 120 has the following effects in addition to the effects obtained in the first and second embodiments.
- the desulfurized city gas flowing out of the fuel electrode 11a after purging the inside of the fuel cell 11 is subjected to combustion processing in the parner 24 of the fuel generator 12 and the combustion gas for heating the fuel generator 12
- the combustible gas that has been purged can be appropriately treated, inadvertent release of the combustible gas to the outside of the system can be prevented, and the combustion heat of the combustible gas can be used effectively.
- the raw material supply switching means includes a first bypass passage 18 (bypass means) corresponding to a portion surrounded by a broken line shown in FIG. 4, a raw material supply valve 19, and a raw material bypass valve 20 (bypass means).
- a city gas flowing through the first bypass path 18 and the raw material supply path 14 shown in FIG. It is also possible to use a raw material switching valve 21 that switches between a case where the material is led to the device 12 and a case where the material is guided to the first bypass 18.
- bypass means is the first embodiment. It is constituted by a bypass passage 18 and a raw material switching valve 21.
- FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a fuel cell power generation system according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- the same members as those in FIG. 4 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted.
- This fuel cell power generation system 130 has the same configuration as the fuel cell power generation system 120 shown in FIG. 4, but also branches from the city gas pipe 13 a and extends to the burner 24 to supply the city gas.
- 8 and the city gas pipe 13a are located at the branch point between the raw gas branch 27 and regulate the flow of city gas flowing through the raw gas branch 27 and the flow of city gas flowing through the raw supply 14 Possible diversion valves 4 and 4 are provided.
- the opening / closing operation of the burner material supply valve 28 and the flow dividing operation of the flow dividing valve 44 are controlled by a controller 36.
- the city gas flowing through the city gas pipe 13 a flows through the source gas branch line 27 and the city gas flowing through the source gas supply line 14 at the branch valve 44. And at an appropriate rate.
- the controller 36 opens the raw material supply valve 28 for the burner and supplies the city gas to the parner 24 via the raw gas branch 27. Then, the fuel generator 12 is quickly heated by heat exchange with the combustion gas generated by burning the city gas in the parner 24. The combustion gas that has undergone heat exchange with the fuel generator 12 is released to the atmosphere.
- the fuel cell power generation system 130 has the following effects in addition to the effects obtained in the first to third embodiments.
- the raw material supply switching means includes a first bypass passage 18 (bypass means) corresponding to a portion surrounded by a broken line shown in FIG. 5, a raw material supply valve 19, and a raw material bypass valve 20 (bypass means).
- a city gas flowing through the first bypass path 18 and the raw material supply path 14 shown in FIG. It is also possible to use a raw material switching valve 21 that switches between a case where the material is led to the device 12 and a case where the material is guided to the first bypass passage 18.
- bypass means is configured by the first bypass passage 18 and the raw material switching valve 21.
- FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a fuel cell power generation system according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- the same members as those in FIG. 5 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted.
- the fuel cell power generation system 140 has a first bypass passage 18 downstream of the booster 23 and a raw material supply passage 14.
- a raw material flow regulating valve 29 (raw material flow regulating means) is provided upstream of the branch point of the above and located in the middle of the raw material supply passage 14 and capable of adjusting the city gas flow. The control operation of the raw material flow control valve 29 is controlled by the control device 36.
- the city gas flowing through the city gas pipe 13 a flows through the source gas branch 27 in the branch valve 44 and the city gas flowing through the source gas supply 14. And at an appropriate rate.
- the controller 36 opens the raw material supply valve 28 for the parner and supplies the city gas to the parner 24 via the raw material gas branch 27. Then, the fuel generator 12 is quickly heated by the heat exchange with the combustion gas generated by burning the city gas in the burner 24.
- control device 36 opens the raw material source valve 15 and the raw material bypass valve 20 and closes the raw material supply valve 19. Then, the control device 36 switches the fuel gas switching valve 17 so as to connect the fuel gas supply path 16 to the second bypass path 26, and operates the booster 23.
- the city gas led to the desulfurizer 22 by the city gas pipe 13a is subjected to the desulfurizer 22 to remove the sulfur component, and then the pressure is increased to a predetermined pressure by the booster 23 to increase the raw material supply path 14 Sent to Then, the city gas delivered to the raw material supply path 14 is guided to the fuel electrode 11 a via the first bypass path 18.
- the city gas led to the fuel electrode 11a purges the inside of the fuel electrode 11a and flows out from the fuel electrode 11a to the fuel gas discharge channel 25.
- the city gas that has flowed into the fuel gas discharge channel 25 is sent to the parner 24 through the fuel gas discharge channel 25, where it is subjected to combustion processing to generate high-temperature combustion gas.
- the fuel generator 12 can be heated by heat exchange with the combustion gas. This combustion gas is discharged to the atmosphere after heating the fuel generator 12.
- the controller 36 determines that the fuel electrode 11a has been purged with the predetermined amount of city gas described above, the controller 36 closes the raw material bypass valve 20 and guides the city gas to the fuel electrode 11a. To stop. Subsequently, the controller 36 opens the raw material supply valve 19 to supply the city gas to the fuel generator 12. Start.
- the opening of the material flow rate regulating valve 29 is gradually increased from the fully closed state as the operation of the raw material flow rate regulating valve 29, and the predetermined amount is set. It is adjusted by the control device 36 so that the gas flow rate becomes stable.
- the opening degree of the regulating valve 29 is adjusted by the control device 36 so as to gradually close from a predetermined opening degree to reach a fully closed state.
- the fuel cell power generation system 140 has the following effects in addition to the effects obtained in the first to fourth embodiments.
- the flow rate of the city gas is reduced to zero at the start of the injection of the city gas into the fuel electrode 11a (opening of the adjustment valve 29: fully closed). ) Is controlled so as to gradually increase to reach the predetermined flow rate. At the end of the injection of the city gas into the fuel electrode 11a, the city gas injection amount gradually decreases from the predetermined flow rate. Since the flow rate is controlled to zero, the problem that the purged city gas flow rate delivered from the fuel electrode 11a fluctuates rapidly and is supplied to the burner 24, and It is possible to stably maintain the combustion state of the first 24.
- the raw material supply switching means includes a first bypass passage 18 (bypass means) corresponding to a portion surrounded by a broken line shown in FIG. 6, a raw material supply valve 19, and a raw material bypass valve 20 (bypass means). ) And a raw material flow regulating valve 29.
- a first bypass passage 18 shown in FIG. And a bypass flow rate adjusting valve 30 capable of adjusting the flow rate of the gas flowing through the one bypass path 18. That is, the bypass passage flow control valve
- the opening degree adjustment operation of 30 starts the injection of city gas into the fuel electrode 11a.
- the injection amount of city gas is controlled so as to gradually increase from zero flow rate (opening degree of the regulating valve 30: fully closed state) to reach a predetermined flow rate.
- the amount of city gas injected can be controlled so that it gradually decreases from the predetermined flow rate to reach zero.
- bypass means is constituted by the first bypass path 18 and the bypass path flow regulating valve 30.
- FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a fuel cell power generation system according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention.
- the same members as those in FIG. 5 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted.
- This fuel cell power generation system 150 has the configuration of the fuel cell power generation system 130 shown in FIG. 5, a blower 33 for blowing air toward the raw material supply path 14, and a blower 33. And a first air valve 3 that is arranged in the middle of the air supply path 3 and supplies and shuts off air to the material supply path 14. In order to prevent the air guided to the raw material supply path 14 from flowing back in the direction of the desulfurizer 22, the air supply path 31 downstream of the booster 23 and the air supply path 31 and the raw material supply path 14 And an air check valve 34 disposed upstream of the connection point in the middle of the raw material supply path 14.
- a specific embodiment of the air supply means includes an air supply path 31 shown in FIG. 8, a first air valve 32, a blower 33, an air check valve 34, It is constituted by.
- the opening and closing operation of the first air valve 32 is controlled by the control device 36.
- the control unit 36 supplies the raw material.
- the supply valve 19 and the first air valve 32 are opened, the raw material bypass valve 20 and the air check valve 34 are closed, and the fuel gas supply path 16 and the fuel are switched by the switching operation of the fuel gas switching valve 17. Communicate with pole 1 1a.
- the control device 36 operates the blower 33. Then, the air blown from the profiler 33 is led to the raw material supply path 14 through the air supply path 31, and then the air is sent to the desulfurizer 22 by the air check valve 34. The inflow is blocked and sent to the fuel generator 12. The air sent to the fuel generator 12 is subjected to a purging process and sent to the fuel gas supply path 16. Next, the air sent to the fuel gas supply path 16 is sent to the fuel electrode 11a. The air sent to the fuel electrode 11 a is purged from the fuel electrode 11 a and sent to the fuel gas discharge channel 25.
- the air sent to the fuel gas discharge channel 25 passes through the condenser 45, flows through the fuel gas discharge channel 25, is sent to the parner 24, and is processed there.
- the controller 36 stops the operation of the blower 33 and closes the first air valve 32.
- the subsequent operation of the fuel cell power generation system 150 is the same as the operation of the fuel cell power generation system 130 according to the fourth embodiment, and a description thereof will be omitted.
- the fuel cell power generation system 150 has the following effects in addition to the effects obtained in the first to fourth embodiments.
- flammable gas city gas, methane, propane, or natural gas
- flammable gas may be mixed into or diffused into the fuel electrode 11a due to some kind of trouble such as a power outage or misfire of the Pana flame.
- the air supply means constituted by the air supply passage 31, the first air valve 32, the blower 33, and the air check valve 34 is arranged downstream of the booster 23 and the raw material.
- An example was described in which air was supplied to the raw material supply path 14 located upstream of the branch point between the supply path 14 and the first bypass path 18. The air may be supplied to the raw material supply path 14 between the containers 23.
- the components (air supply means and booster 23) surrounded by the broken line shown in FIG. 8 are combined with the booster 23 shown in FIG.
- the booster 23 also serves as a blower for blowing air to the raw material supply path 14, and transfers the air sucked from one end of the second air valve 35 to the raw material supply path 14 (exactly). Can be led to a raw material supply path 14) between the booster 23 and the air check valve 34.
- the fuel generating device 12 includes a metamorphic section containing at least one of a platinum group noble metal (platinum, ruthenium, orifice or palladium) and a metamorphic catalyst body composed of a metal oxide, and a metamorphic section.
- a hydrogen gas supply unit is provided for supplying a hydrogen gas containing carbon oxide gas and water vapor as subcomponents. This improves the oxidation resistance of the shift catalyst of the fuel generator 12, thereby improving the durability of the fuel cell power generation system in which air is injected into the fuel generator 12.
- the fuel cell system according to the present invention enables the fuel electrode of the fuel cell to be appropriately purged of the raw material gas when the fuel cell power generation system is started up, and is useful as a fuel cell power generation system for home use or automobile use It is.
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/532,739 US20060166056A1 (en) | 2003-08-07 | 2004-07-26 | Fuel cell power generation system |
JP2005512931A JP4884773B2 (ja) | 2003-08-07 | 2004-07-28 | 燃料電池発電システム |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2003288706 | 2003-08-07 | ||
JP2003-288706 | 2003-08-07 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2005015673A1 true WO2005015673A1 (ja) | 2005-02-17 |
Family
ID=34131523
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2004/011113 WO2005015673A1 (ja) | 2003-08-07 | 2004-07-28 | 燃料電池発電システム |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20060166056A1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4884773B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN1717833A (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2005015673A1 (ja) |
Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2006228654A (ja) * | 2005-02-21 | 2006-08-31 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 燃料電池発電装置、燃料電池発電装置の運転方法、プログラム、および記録媒体 |
WO2007123136A1 (ja) * | 2006-04-19 | 2007-11-01 | Panasonic Corporation | 燃料電池システム |
JP2007335332A (ja) * | 2006-06-16 | 2007-12-27 | Ebara Ballard Corp | 燃料電池システム |
JP2010097948A (ja) * | 2005-02-18 | 2010-04-30 | Panasonic Corp | 燃料電池システム |
WO2013069534A1 (ja) * | 2011-11-10 | 2013-05-16 | 日産自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池システム |
JP2013105534A (ja) * | 2011-11-10 | 2013-05-30 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | 燃料電池システム |
JP2013105533A (ja) * | 2011-11-10 | 2013-05-30 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | 燃料電池システム |
JP2021125290A (ja) * | 2020-01-31 | 2021-08-30 | 大阪瓦斯株式会社 | 固体酸化物形燃料電池システム |
Families Citing this family (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20070154745A1 (en) * | 2005-12-29 | 2007-07-05 | Michael Penev | Purging a fuel cell system |
JP5214868B2 (ja) * | 2006-10-18 | 2013-06-19 | オリンパスイメージング株式会社 | 燃料電池システム及び該燃料電池システムを用いた端末用機器 |
US8435684B2 (en) * | 2007-07-04 | 2013-05-07 | Panasonic Corporation | Hydrogen producing apparatus, method of operating hydrogen producing apparatus and fuel cell power generating system |
JP5154174B2 (ja) * | 2007-09-06 | 2013-02-27 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 燃料電池システム及びその運転方法 |
EP2187471A4 (en) * | 2007-09-06 | 2011-11-09 | Panasonic Corp | FUEL CELL ELECTRICITY GENERATION SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR OPERATING FUEL CELL ELECTRICITY GENERATION SYSTEM |
US20090246566A1 (en) * | 2008-04-01 | 2009-10-01 | Craft Jr Thomas F | Fuel cell cabinet heat management and thermal control system |
JPWO2011055523A1 (ja) * | 2009-11-04 | 2013-03-21 | パナソニック株式会社 | 燃料電池システム |
JP6593057B2 (ja) * | 2015-09-17 | 2019-10-23 | ブラザー工業株式会社 | 燃料電池、制御方法、及びコンピュータプログラム |
CN109494391B (zh) * | 2018-12-12 | 2021-11-05 | 曾凡若 | 移动固体氧化物燃料电池系统 |
US11739852B2 (en) | 2019-04-17 | 2023-08-29 | Aisan Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Air valve and fuel cell system using air valve |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS61233976A (ja) * | 1985-04-10 | 1986-10-18 | Fuji Electric Co Ltd | 燃料電池設備 |
JPS63259971A (ja) * | 1987-04-17 | 1988-10-27 | Fuji Electric Co Ltd | 燃料電池設備 |
JPH03257762A (ja) * | 1990-03-07 | 1991-11-18 | Osaka Gas Co Ltd | 燃料電池発電システムの窒素パージ方法及び昇温方法 |
US20030104711A1 (en) * | 2001-11-30 | 2003-06-05 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | System and method of fuel cell power generation |
JP2003229156A (ja) * | 2002-01-31 | 2003-08-15 | Toyota Motor Corp | 燃料電池発電システムおよび燃料電池のパージ方法 |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5419978A (en) * | 1994-03-17 | 1995-05-30 | International Fuel Cells Corporation | Phosphoric acid fuel cell passivation with natural gas |
JPH0878037A (ja) * | 1994-08-31 | 1996-03-22 | Aqueous Res:Kk | 燃料電池発電システム及びその運転方法 |
EP1296397A3 (en) * | 2001-09-19 | 2004-03-24 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Fuel cell power generation system and method of controlling fuel cell power generation system |
-
2004
- 2004-07-26 US US10/532,739 patent/US20060166056A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2004-07-28 WO PCT/JP2004/011113 patent/WO2005015673A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2004-07-28 CN CNA2004800016076A patent/CN1717833A/zh active Pending
- 2004-07-28 JP JP2005512931A patent/JP4884773B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS61233976A (ja) * | 1985-04-10 | 1986-10-18 | Fuji Electric Co Ltd | 燃料電池設備 |
JPS63259971A (ja) * | 1987-04-17 | 1988-10-27 | Fuji Electric Co Ltd | 燃料電池設備 |
JPH03257762A (ja) * | 1990-03-07 | 1991-11-18 | Osaka Gas Co Ltd | 燃料電池発電システムの窒素パージ方法及び昇温方法 |
US20030104711A1 (en) * | 2001-11-30 | 2003-06-05 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | System and method of fuel cell power generation |
JP2003229156A (ja) * | 2002-01-31 | 2003-08-15 | Toyota Motor Corp | 燃料電池発電システムおよび燃料電池のパージ方法 |
Cited By (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2010097948A (ja) * | 2005-02-18 | 2010-04-30 | Panasonic Corp | 燃料電池システム |
JP2006228654A (ja) * | 2005-02-21 | 2006-08-31 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | 燃料電池発電装置、燃料電池発電装置の運転方法、プログラム、および記録媒体 |
JP5213703B2 (ja) * | 2006-04-19 | 2013-06-19 | パナソニック株式会社 | 燃料電池システム |
CN101427410B (zh) * | 2006-04-19 | 2011-06-01 | 松下电器产业株式会社 | 燃料电池系统 |
US8067122B2 (en) | 2006-04-19 | 2011-11-29 | Panasonic Corporation | Fuel cell system |
WO2007123136A1 (ja) * | 2006-04-19 | 2007-11-01 | Panasonic Corporation | 燃料電池システム |
JP2007335332A (ja) * | 2006-06-16 | 2007-12-27 | Ebara Ballard Corp | 燃料電池システム |
WO2013069534A1 (ja) * | 2011-11-10 | 2013-05-16 | 日産自動車株式会社 | 燃料電池システム |
JP2013105534A (ja) * | 2011-11-10 | 2013-05-30 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | 燃料電池システム |
JP2013105533A (ja) * | 2011-11-10 | 2013-05-30 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | 燃料電池システム |
US9543603B2 (en) | 2011-11-10 | 2017-01-10 | Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. | Fuel cell system and control method for fuel cell system |
JP2021125290A (ja) * | 2020-01-31 | 2021-08-30 | 大阪瓦斯株式会社 | 固体酸化物形燃料電池システム |
JP7431049B2 (ja) | 2020-01-31 | 2024-02-14 | 大阪瓦斯株式会社 | 固体酸化物形燃料電池システム |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20060166056A1 (en) | 2006-07-27 |
JPWO2005015673A1 (ja) | 2006-10-05 |
JP4884773B2 (ja) | 2012-02-29 |
CN1717833A (zh) | 2006-01-04 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
WO2005015673A1 (ja) | 燃料電池発電システム | |
JP4028787B2 (ja) | 燃料電池発電システムおよびその運転方法 | |
US8530104B2 (en) | Method of operating a fuel cell system | |
US8728675B2 (en) | Fuel cell system | |
US8486572B2 (en) | System and method of fuel cell power generation | |
CN101400602B (zh) | 重整装置和燃料电池系统 | |
WO2008035776A1 (fr) | Générateur d'hydrogène, procédé de fonctionnement d'un générateur d'hydrogène et système de pile à combustible | |
KR100481425B1 (ko) | 연료전지 발전시스템 및 연료전지 발전정지방법 | |
US7033687B2 (en) | Fuel cell power generation system and method of controlling fuel cell power generation | |
JP4130681B2 (ja) | 燃料電池システム | |
WO2005057705A1 (ja) | 燃料電池システムの運転方法及び燃料電池システム | |
EP2138456B1 (en) | Method for stopping the operation of hydrogen generator | |
JP5480684B2 (ja) | 水素含有ガス生成装置の起動時運転方法 | |
JP5002220B2 (ja) | 燃料電池システム | |
JP4404559B2 (ja) | 燃料電池発電システム | |
US20060057444A1 (en) | Fuel processing apparatus and method and fuel cell power generation system | |
WO2011055523A1 (ja) | 燃料電池システム | |
JP2004217435A (ja) | 水素含有ガス生成装置の停止方法及び水素含有ガス生成装置 | |
JP4713547B2 (ja) | 燃料電池発電システムおよびその運転方法 | |
JP2005332834A (ja) | 燃料電池発電システムおよび燃料電池発電システムの制御方法 | |
CA2533847A1 (en) | Method and apparatus for treating reformed gas and fuel cell electric power generation system | |
JP2014116069A (ja) | 燃料電池システム | |
JP2002008700A (ja) | 燃料電池発電システム | |
JP2018181450A (ja) | 燃料電池システム |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AK | Designated states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AE AG AL AM AT AU AZ BA BB BG BR BW BY BZ CA CH CN CO CR CU CZ DE DK DM DZ EC EE EG ES FI GB GD GE GH GM HR HU ID IL IN IS JP KE KG KP KR KZ LC LK LR LS LT LU LV MA MD MG MK MN MW MX MZ NA NI NO NZ OM PG PH PL PT RO RU SC SD SE SG SK SL SY TJ TM TN TR TT TZ UA UG US UZ VC VN YU ZA ZM ZW |
|
AL | Designated countries for regional patents |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): BW GH GM KE LS MW MZ NA SD SL SZ TZ UG ZM ZW AM AZ BY KG KZ MD RU TJ TM AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IT LU MC NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR BF BJ CF CG CI CM GA GN GQ GW ML MR NE SN TD TG |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2005512931 Country of ref document: JP |
|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application | ||
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2006166056 Country of ref document: US Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 10532739 Country of ref document: US |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 20048016076 Country of ref document: CN |
|
WWP | Wipo information: published in national office |
Ref document number: 10532739 Country of ref document: US |
|
122 | Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase |