WO2004105022A1 - Traitement des zones non-occupees sur un support de donnees - Google Patents

Traitement des zones non-occupees sur un support de donnees Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2004105022A1
WO2004105022A1 PCT/IB2004/050574 IB2004050574W WO2004105022A1 WO 2004105022 A1 WO2004105022 A1 WO 2004105022A1 IB 2004050574 W IB2004050574 W IB 2004050574W WO 2004105022 A1 WO2004105022 A1 WO 2004105022A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
data
unwritten
error
storage medium
reporting
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2004/050574
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Robert A. Brondijk
Stephanus J. M. Van Beckhoven
Original Assignee
Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. filed Critical Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V.
Priority to US10/557,382 priority Critical patent/US20070061635A1/en
Priority to BRPI0410441-2A priority patent/BRPI0410441A/pt
Priority to JP2006530779A priority patent/JP2007514251A/ja
Priority to EP04731075A priority patent/EP1629487A1/fr
Publication of WO2004105022A1 publication Critical patent/WO2004105022A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/06—Digital input from, or digital output to, record carriers, e.g. RAID, emulated record carriers or networked record carriers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B20/00—Signal processing not specific to the method of recording or reproducing; Circuits therefor
    • G11B20/10—Digital recording or reproducing
    • G11B20/12—Formatting, e.g. arrangement of data block or words on the record carriers
    • G11B20/1217—Formatting, e.g. arrangement of data block or words on the record carriers on discs
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B20/00—Signal processing not specific to the method of recording or reproducing; Circuits therefor
    • G11B20/10—Digital recording or reproducing
    • G11B20/12—Formatting, e.g. arrangement of data block or words on the record carriers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B20/00—Signal processing not specific to the method of recording or reproducing; Circuits therefor
    • G11B20/10—Digital recording or reproducing
    • G11B2020/10935—Digital recording or reproducing wherein a time constraint must be met
    • G11B2020/10944—Real-time recording or reproducing, e.g. for ensuring seamless playback of AV data
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B20/00—Signal processing not specific to the method of recording or reproducing; Circuits therefor
    • G11B20/10—Digital recording or reproducing
    • G11B20/12—Formatting, e.g. arrangement of data block or words on the record carriers
    • G11B2020/1264—Formatting, e.g. arrangement of data block or words on the record carriers wherein the formatting concerns a specific kind of data
    • G11B2020/1288—Formatting by padding empty spaces with dummy data, e.g. writing zeroes or random data when de-icing optical discs
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B2220/00—Record carriers by type
    • G11B2220/20—Disc-shaped record carriers
    • G11B2220/25—Disc-shaped record carriers characterised in that the disc is based on a specific recording technology
    • G11B2220/2537—Optical discs
    • G11B2220/2541—Blu-ray discs; Blue laser DVR discs

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for storing information on a storage medium, the device comprising medium interface means for interfacing with the storage medium for writing data on the medium and reading data from the storage medium, and host interface means for communicating with a host via messages according to a protocol, the messages including a write command for writing data and a read command for reading data.
  • the invention further relates to a method of storing information on a storage medium, the method comprising communicating with a host via messages according to a protocol, the messages including a write command for writing data and a read command for reading data.
  • the invention further relates to a method of controlling the device, the method comprising communicating with the device via messages according to a protocol, the messages including a write command for writing data and a read command for reading data.
  • the invention further relates to a computer program product for storing information on a storage medium, and for controlling the recording device.
  • Controlling of storing information on a storage medium such as an optical record carrier via a recording device is known from the DVD (Digital Versatile Disk) system and a draft proposal of the National Committee for Information Technology Standards (NCITS): Working Draft, T10/1363-D, Revision lOg, November 12, 2001,
  • the device has a medium interface, e.g. a read/write head and positioning system, on one side to interface with the storage medium.
  • the recording device has a host interface to communicate with a host, which may be a PC or the application unit of a video recorder.
  • a protocol for communicating between the host and the host interface of the recording device is the ATA/ATAPI standard referred to in MMC-3 (chapter 1) and in particular NCITS T13/1321D AT Attachment with Packet Interface 5 referenced in MMC-3 (chapter 2.1.2), or X3T13/1153D ATA-5 Rev.
  • Such recording devices may be used for recording real-time data blocks, e.g. video, under the control of the host system.
  • the host accommodates applications like recording or playback of video.
  • MMC-3 it is specified (see chapter 5.4.3.13.7) that, when reading over an area that not yet has been formatted by writing (called an ICED area) on a +RW disc, the drive shall return zeros in the place of sector data.
  • ICED area an area that not yet has been formatted by writing
  • the drive shall return zeros in the place of sector data.
  • problems with this requirement For example it is difficult for a drive to differentiate between an unwritten are and a black dot, e.g. a damaged location or a manufacturing flaw.
  • the object is achieved with a device for storing information as described in the opening paragraph, the device comprising error reporting means for reporting an error via an error message in the event that during reading an area is detected which is unwritten.
  • the object is achieved with a method of storing information on a storage medium as described in the opening paragraph, the method comprising reporting an error via an error message in the event that during reading an area is detected which is unwritten.
  • the object is achieved with a method of controlling the device as described in the opening paragraph, the method comprising receiving an error message in the event that during reading an area is detected which is unwritten, and reporting the unwritten area to an application.
  • the effect of the measures is that the device is that the device reports an error when a read command requires reading a part of the storage medium that contains an unwritten area. It is noted that this does not follow the MMC-3 (which requires zeros and no error at this point) because an error is reported when reading ICE.
  • This has the advantage that the application in the host is aware of the unwritten area, and may recover quickly from the (likely unexpected) unwritten area and continue reading as soon as possible.
  • the invention is also based on the following recognition. In practice the record carrier needs to be readable on pre-existing reading and recording devices, for example DVD (Digital Versatile Disc) players and DVD+RW recorders. Hence the existing devices require at least said partial formatted state as mentioned in MMC-3 in chapter 5.4.3.13.2.
  • blocks may be unwritten due to the partial formatted state.
  • a block may be unwritten (ICE) due to a recording error, which last situation is very serious.
  • the recording application may try to read the data on the disc to check consistency. It may read an area (which is partly unwritten) and receives zeros (according to MMC-3 for unwritten areas). The inventors noted that zeros may be a user data content. Hence the application will believe that all went well. Error recovery by the recording device may then be omitted. If such a disc is read at a later moment (e.g. in a DVD-ROM drive), the file, in which the unwritten area (ICE) occurred, will be corrupted. This is very serious.
  • the original writer may have then reported an error and the file, that contained the error, may have been properly administrated in the file system. If a DVD-ROM drive reads this file, it will notify the application of an error. However, if a DVD+RW drive follows the specification in MMC, it will not notify the application of an error. This can lead to corruption of the application and even corruption of data used or recorded by the application, e.g. on a hard disc drive. Corruption can occur if the file containing the unwritten areas is an executable file for the host. An executable with corrupted instructions will have unpredictable behavior, e.g. may cause a crash of the host or application system. The inventive step is to recognize this major shortcoming in the MMC specification and to avoid this by returning an error when reading ICE.
  • the host interface means are arranged for communicating via the messages including a write command for writing data in real-time and a read command for reading data in real-time. This has the advantage that for real time data the reporting of a read error allows preventing presentations of corrupted data to the user, e.g. preventing loud noise or visual artifacts.
  • the error reporting means are arranged for detecting an unwritten area by detecting a reflective state of a recording layer of the storage medium. This has the advantage that unwritten areas can be easily detected.
  • Figure 1 shows a disc-shaped storage medium, recording device and host system
  • Figure 2 shows a read command
  • Figure 3 a shows connectors on a drive for interfacing
  • Figure 3b shows an IDE connector layout
  • Figure 1 shows a disc-shaped storage medium, recording device and host system.
  • a storage medium 11, for example an optical disc, constitutes a record carrier for a recording device 12.
  • a DVD+RW is an example of such a record carrier.
  • a number of interfacing functions of the recording device is defined according to a predefined standard, for example ATA/ATAPI-5. Hence the device may be called an ATA/ATAPI device.
  • the device (12) has a medium interface, e.g. a read/write head, positioning servo system and control circuits commonly known from the CD or DVD system, on one side to interface with the storage medium 11, for example the DVD+RW disc.
  • the device 12 has a host interface 15, e.g.
  • an ATA cable to communicate with a host, which may be either a PC or the application side of a video recorder, e.g. having usual elements for input and output of video information.
  • a host which may be either a PC or the application side of a video recorder, e.g. having usual elements for input and output of video information.
  • the device has an error reporting unit 16 for reporting an error via an error message in the event that during reading an area is detected which is unwritten.
  • the error message is transferred via the host interface 15 according to the protocol used, e.g. the MMC-3 protocol.
  • the error reporting unit 16 generates, in the event of an unwritten area, the error message for an area corresponding to a sector.
  • the error message may include a multitude or a range of sectors that are unwritten.
  • Drive The unit that interfaces to the storage medium, e.g. has an Optical Pick-up
  • Disc Can be any optical disc, e.g. CDDA, CD-R/RW, CD-ROM, DVDROM ,DVD+RW, DVD+R SACD
  • ECC This is the smallest data amount that can be written on the disc. On DVD a complete EFM block of 32Kbytes user-data.
  • Active unit in a host to interface with which requires real-time data to be stored on the disc (and retrieved from) the disc, and arranges the structure on the disc, and that is for example encoding/decoding the video signals. Chunk a block of data to be written continuously without linking.
  • the +RW phase change material has two states: amorphous or crystalline. All of the material on a new disc has the same state; such a disc is referred to as "iced". By writing to the disc, transitions are created. This influences the reflectivity of the disc and how the disc can be read. If the disc contains iced areas, the current position of the laser can only be determined by via the wobble. In written areas, the position information is included in the data. Off-Track When the laser in the optical pickup unit can not follow the (wobbled) groove on a (recordable) disc it will be off track.
  • the medium and the protocol over the host interface 15 or ATA cable will more deeply be described.
  • the ATA cable and its protocol, that are well- known, are described in numerous documents, e.g. the ATA/ATAPI-5 document.
  • the highest protocol level of the cable is given in MMC-3.
  • the storage medium 11 is a DVD+RW medium, a recordable Digital Versatile Disc.
  • the medium is described in the DVD+RW Physical Format Specification.
  • ICE When a DVD+RW disc is taken out of the fabrication, the recording layer is totally unwritten. This state is called "ICE". It is referred as such because unwritten areas are highly reflective. Written areas are less reflective and because they contain small crystalline to amorphous transitions, which cause interferences, which result in variations of a reflected laser beam detected by the device. Unwritten areas have no interferences and result in a stable reflected laser beam. Therefore such unwritten areas appear "flat” or “slippery”, like ICE, and the ICE is detectable from the reflective state of the recording layer.
  • the error reporting is based on detecting an unwritten area by detecting a reflective state of a recording layer of the storage medium.
  • the present invention can be carried out in the implementation in the "READ (10)" or “READ (12)” command as given in the MMC-3.
  • the device detects unwritten areas, e.g. from the reflective state as described above, and sends an error message via the host interface (15) for the sector or sectors where the unwritten state has been detected. The effect can simply be tested by creating a disc with unwritten areas and then observing how a DVD+RW writer reacts when reading over the ICED areas.
  • An example of a read command is the definition of read (12) as described with Figure 2.
  • Figure 2 shows a read command.
  • the read command is specified by a table defining the function of a number of bytes constituting a message to be transferred via the host interface.
  • a command code is defined, which indicates that the message is a read command.
  • command options are defined, and in further bytes 23 a Logical Block Address of the data to be read is defined.
  • the length of the data transfer is defined in bytes 24.
  • a special mode for real-time data is defined by the Streaming indicator 25.
  • the command for reading is described in MMC-3 as the read (12) command as follows.
  • the READ (12) command requests that the Logical Unit transfer data to the Initiator. The most recent data value written in the addressed logical block shall be returned.
  • the command shall be terminated with CHECK CONDITION status and SK/ASC/ASCQ values shall be set to ILLEGAL REQUEST/READ OF SCRAMBLED SECTOR WITHOUT AUTHENTICATION.
  • the Disable Page Out (DPO) bit is not used by Logical Units and shall be set to zero.
  • a DPO bit of zero indicates the retention priority field in the Cache Page shall determine the priority, if supported. All other aspects of the algorithm implementing the cache memory replacement strategy are vender specific.
  • a Force Unit Access (FUA) bit of one indicates that the Logical Unit shall access the media in performing the command. Read commands shall access the specified logical blocks from the media (i.e. the data is not directly retrieved from the cache). In the case where the cache contains a more recent version of a logical block than the media, the logical block shall first be written to the media.
  • An FUA bit of zero indicates that the Logical Unit may satisfy the command by accessing the cache memory. For read operations, any logical blocks that are contained in the cache memory may be transferred to the Initiator directly from the cache memory.
  • the Transfer Length field specifies the number of contiguous logical blocks of data that shall be transferred. A Transfer Length of zero indicates that no logical blocks shall be transferred. This condition shall not be considered an error.
  • the Streaming bit of one specifies that the Stream playback operation shall be used for the command.
  • the Streaming bit of zero specifies that the conventional READ operation shall be used for the command. If the Streaming bit is set to one, the cache control Mode parameter may be ignored.
  • the FUA bit shall be set to zero. If both the Streaming bit and the FUA bit is set to one, the Logical Unit shall terminate the command with CHECK CONDITION status and SK/ASC/ASCQ values shall be set to ILLEGAL REQUEST/INVALID FIELD IN CDB.
  • the host interface communicates with the host via messages according to a protocol (e.g.
  • FIG. 3a shows connectors on a drive for interfacing.
  • a rear side 71 of a drive is shown.
  • the connector in the rear side of the drive is a 5-in-l connector.
  • a first connector 72 is a digital output, and a second connector 72 is an analogue audio output (4 pin, according to MPC-2 spec). The audio outputs may be not supported.
  • a Master / Slave connector 73 is a 3 position jumper block, for CS (Cable Select), M (Master) and S (Slave), and a jumper 75 is shown in a position as default jumper master select.
  • a fourth connector 76 is a 16 pin ATA-2 dual row flat-cable connector, shrouded & keyed (pin 20 removed). This connector, also called IDE connector, is used for interfacing to a host via an ATA cable as described in ATA/ATAPI-5.
  • a connector 77 is a DC Power inlet according to Industry std. 4-pin Amphenol. The DC Power Connector provides the drive with DC power (+5 Volt and +12 Volt) to be supplied from an external power supply.
  • Figure 3b shows an IDE connector layout defining the function of the pins.
  • the data connector is used for interfacing to a host system.
  • the Master / Slave Connector 73 is used to install an IDE data cable depending on the existing PC configuration. There are three possibilities of connection: device as slave (jumper on Slave); device as master (jumper on Master Default); device as master or slave (jumper on Cable Select): depending on the configuration of another connected device. No Jumper also means Cable select.
  • the invention has been mainly explained by embodiments using DVD+RW optical discs, the invention is also suitable for other record carriers such as rectangular optical cards, magneto-optical discs, high-density (Blu-ray) discs or any other type of information storage system for recording series of data blocks in real time.
  • record carriers such as rectangular optical cards, magneto-optical discs, high-density (Blu-ray) discs or any other type of information storage system for recording series of data blocks in real time.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Signal Processing For Digital Recording And Reproducing (AREA)
  • Optical Recording Or Reproduction (AREA)
  • Debugging And Monitoring (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention porte sur un dispositif d'enregistrement qui comprend les éléments suivants : une interface de support de données (14) permettant de s'interfacer avec un support de données (11) pour enregistrer des données sur le support et accéder à des données à partir du support, une interface hôte (15) permettant de communiquer avec un hôte (13) par l'intermédiaire de messages selon un protocole (ATA et/ou ATAPI). Les messages comprennent une commande d'écriture pour l'écriture de données, et une commande de lecture pour la lecture de données. Dans les protocoles existants (MMC-3), les zones non occupées sont assimilables à des zones qui n'ont pas été encore formatées, et aucune donnée n'est supposée être restituée en réponse à une commande de lecture. Le dispositif est pourvu d'une unité de signalisation d'erreurs (16) permettant de signaler une erreur par l'intermédiaire d'un message d'erreurs au cas où pendant la lecture on détecte une zone non occupée.
PCT/IB2004/050574 2003-05-20 2004-05-04 Traitement des zones non-occupees sur un support de donnees WO2004105022A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US10/557,382 US20070061635A1 (en) 2003-05-20 2004-05-04 Handling unwritten areas on a storage medium
BRPI0410441-2A BRPI0410441A (pt) 2003-05-20 2004-05-04 dispositivo e método para armazenar informação sobre um meio de armazenagem, e, método para controlar um dispositivo, e, produto de programa de computador para armazenar informação em um meio de armazenagem
JP2006530779A JP2007514251A (ja) 2003-05-20 2004-05-04 記憶媒体上の書き込みされていないエリアの取扱い
EP04731075A EP1629487A1 (fr) 2003-05-20 2004-05-04 Traitement des zones non-occupees sur un support de donnees

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP03076516 2003-05-20
EP03076516.8 2003-05-20
EP03104639.4 2003-12-11
EP03104639 2003-12-11

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2004105022A1 true WO2004105022A1 (fr) 2004-12-02

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PCT/IB2004/050574 WO2004105022A1 (fr) 2003-05-20 2004-05-04 Traitement des zones non-occupees sur un support de donnees

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1629487A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2007514251A (fr)
KR (1) KR20060017801A (fr)
BR (1) BRPI0410441A (fr)
TW (1) TW200501065A (fr)
WO (1) WO2004105022A1 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2007034877A (ja) * 2005-07-29 2007-02-08 Hitachi Ltd ストレージシステム、フォーマット方法及びコンピュータプログラム
KR100866625B1 (ko) 2007-02-26 2008-11-03 삼성전자주식회사 Ｍｍｃ 또는 ｓｄ 프로토콜을 사용하는 다수의 메모리장치들을 인터페이스하는 방법 및 시스템
US10014983B2 (en) 2015-09-07 2018-07-03 Fujitsu Limited System, receiving device, and method
US10157012B2 (en) 2015-09-29 2018-12-18 Sandisk Technologies Llc Zero read on trimmed blocks in a non-volatile memory system

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JPH03154266A (ja) * 1989-11-10 1991-07-02 Canon Inc ブロック型記憶装置における未書き込みセクタの取り扱い方法
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EP1418583A2 (fr) * 2002-10-23 2004-05-12 Ricoh Company, Ltd. Appareil d'enregistrement de données, procédé d'enregistrement de données, programme et support d'enregistrement de données

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JPH03154266A (ja) * 1989-11-10 1991-07-02 Canon Inc ブロック型記憶装置における未書き込みセクタの取り扱い方法
JP2000353318A (ja) * 1999-05-25 2000-12-19 Lg Electronics Inc 光記録媒体の非記録領域検出方法並びに装置
US6614740B1 (en) * 1999-05-25 2003-09-02 Lg Electronics Inc. Device and method for detecting non-writable region of optical recording medium
JP2002133774A (ja) * 2000-10-23 2002-05-10 Ricoh Co Ltd 情報記録装置と情報記録方法
EP1418583A2 (fr) * 2002-10-23 2004-05-12 Ricoh Company, Ltd. Appareil d'enregistrement de données, procédé d'enregistrement de données, programme et support d'enregistrement de données

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PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 2002, no. 09 4 September 2002 (2002-09-04) *

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2007034877A (ja) * 2005-07-29 2007-02-08 Hitachi Ltd ストレージシステム、フォーマット方法及びコンピュータプログラム
KR100866625B1 (ko) 2007-02-26 2008-11-03 삼성전자주식회사 Ｍｍｃ 또는 ｓｄ 프로토콜을 사용하는 다수의 메모리장치들을 인터페이스하는 방법 및 시스템
US10014983B2 (en) 2015-09-07 2018-07-03 Fujitsu Limited System, receiving device, and method
US10157012B2 (en) 2015-09-29 2018-12-18 Sandisk Technologies Llc Zero read on trimmed blocks in a non-volatile memory system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2007514251A (ja) 2007-05-31
EP1629487A1 (fr) 2006-03-01
KR20060017801A (ko) 2006-02-27
BRPI0410441A (pt) 2006-06-06
TW200501065A (en) 2005-01-01

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