WO2004103475A1 - Belüftungsanlage für den nbc-schutz - Google Patents
Belüftungsanlage für den nbc-schutz Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2004103475A1 WO2004103475A1 PCT/CH2004/000304 CH2004000304W WO2004103475A1 WO 2004103475 A1 WO2004103475 A1 WO 2004103475A1 CH 2004000304 W CH2004000304 W CH 2004000304W WO 2004103475 A1 WO2004103475 A1 WO 2004103475A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- air
- filter
- ventilation system
- activated carbon
- prefilter
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
- A62B13/00—Special devices for ventilating gasproof shelters
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C4/00—Flame traps allowing passage of gas but not of flame or explosion wave
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S454/00—Ventilation
- Y10S454/902—Air raid shelter ventilation
Definitions
- the invention relates to a ventilation system for NBC protection of at least one closed security and / or protection room with constant slight excess pressure, which ventilation system essentially has an air inlet and outlet, an explosion protection valve, a prefilter, a suspended matter filter, an activated carbon filter and an air delivery device Aspiration of the air to be cleaned and to distribute the cleaned air includes.
- An air cleaning device is known from WO 97/30755 A1, which comprises means for sucking in, cleaning and distributing outside air into at least one closed room, in particular in security and / or protective rooms.
- the device is designed as an autonomous installation unit with an airtight housing, an air inlet connector for the air to be cleaned and an outlet connector.
- the housing envelops a fan, at least one unused and airtightly packed filter unit and an integrated bypass for the filter units.
- two different filter units can be installed, which have different activated carbon filters.
- one or the other filter unit can be used, both are immediately accessible and fully functional at any time.
- the cleaned air is constantly blown into the safety and / or protective rooms, where it continuously escapes through the creation of a permanent, slight overpressure due to leaks in the rooms and / or a pressure relief valve.
- a filter unit is also known from DE 3841895 A1, which is preferably cylindrical and consists of nested individual filters. In their entirety, these individual filters guarantee protection against atomic, biological and chemical pollutants, i.e. NBC protection.
- An externally flange-mounted fan is provided for operating the device. When installing the ventilation system, care must be taken to ensure that that all components are matched to each other both in terms of construction technology and in terms of their functional parameters.
- Ventilation devices are known in which an explosion protection valve with a separately mounted prefilter is installed when the air enters the safety and / or protective space, for example from EP 0678693 B1.
- the explosion protection valve is in turn arranged separately, it is installed in the safety and / or protective room wall without a prefilter, or there is no explosion protection.
- the inventor has set himself the task of creating a ventilation system of the type mentioned at the outset, which can be produced inexpensively, is easy to operate and operate, and is less prone to malfunction.
- the ventilation system comprises at least one of the three following elements:
- a combined activated carbon filter consisting of activated carbon that is specifically effective against chemical pollutants on the one hand and against radionuclides on the other.
- the present application includes ventilation systems
- An explosion protection valve combined and interacting according to the invention with the prefilter is characterized in that an elastically compressible prefilter mat is held between a fixed plate with a first perforation and a movable plate which can be displaced in the direction of the stationary plate.
- an elastically compressible prefilter mat is held between a fixed plate with a first perforation and a movable plate which can be displaced in the direction of the stationary plate.
- the outside air can easily pass through the two impact-resistant plates and the pre-filter mat.
- the displaceable plate is thrown against the stationary plate with great force and thereby compresses the pre-filter mat.
- the first and second perforations are designed so that the plates lying on top of one another do not allow air to pass through. This can be done, for example, with perforations offset against each other, e.g. B. perforations can be achieved.
- any other form of perforation is also suitable, for example slots in the radial direction.
- the explosion protection valve combined and interacting with the pre-filter not only protects the sensitive, downstream particle filter Effects of pressure, but also people and things present in the room.
- the housing of the ventilation system is also protected with the combined prefilter / explosion protection valve if there is a sudden overpressure phase without a devastating pressure wave that destroys the entire installation unit. Above all, the closures and separation points are protected from the effects of explosions.
- the pressure is reduced in the stable, reinforced housing cover at the air inlet.
- An activated carbon filter combined according to the invention basically comprises
- each layer being specifically active against chemical warfare agents or against radionuclides, the layers being granular, powdered or as a solid in the form of an open-pore structure, or - a single-layer activated carbon filter consisting of a specific against chemical gaseous Pollutants and a granulate, powder or open-pore substrate specifically effective against radionuclides emitted into the atmosphere.
- the activated carbon filter can be disc-shaped with an axial gas flow or ring-shaped with a radial gas flow from inside to outside or from outside to inside.
- a suspended matter filter is installed upstream, which separates the fine suspended matter, especially the aerosols of biological and chemical warfare agents.
- the activated carbon is impregnated in a manner known per se in such a way that the pollutants are removed from the gas stream by adsorption, chemical sorption or catalytic oxidation.
- the activated carbon used to combat threats with a radioactive atmosphere is impregnated in such a way that adsorption or ion exchange takes place.
- radioactive methyl iodide which can be released in NPP accidents, can be extracted from the gas river away.
- the disadvantage of a bellows is that the air is supplied intermittently. This in turn means that with a prescribed minimum amount of air per unit of time, twice the amount of air must be supplied for about 50% of the time.
- the contact time ie the time during which the air flows through the activated carbon, is decisive for the detoxification of contaminated air.
- the contact time in the gas filter is also reduced to about 50% for a given amount of air as a result of the intermittent load.
- the double bellows is the only air pump.
- the actuation of a double bellows bellows according to the invention is only necessary in an emergency if the electrical power fails or a defect has to be remedied.
- This can preferably be connected to the air outlet opening of the ventilation system with a quick-release fastener.
- any ventilation system for ventilation and / or shelters can be decisively and individually improved in a simple manner.
- the three built-in elements according to the invention pre-filter / explosion protection valve, combined activated carbon filter and double bellows can be installed individually, combined in pairs or all three combined, which enables a broad, adaptable range of applications.
- FIG. 2 shows a double bellows
- FIG. 3 shows a ventilation system with a connected double bellows
- FIG. 4 shows a plan view of a prefilter / explosion protection valve
- FIG. 5 shows a variant of FIG. 4.
- a ventilation system 10 is mounted with an invisible bracket on an inner wall of a security and / or protection room 12. All essential functional components are mounted in a two-part housing 14 with an air inlet 16 and an air outlet 18 with a quick-release fastener 20 for the double bellows (FIG. 2).
- a cover 17 that can be placed on is massively reinforced with respect to the underlying housing 14 and is connected to the latter via a closure (not shown).
- an air supply hose or tube 22 is connected and sealed by an O-ring 24.
- a prefilter in the form of a prefilter mat 26 is installed, which is combined with an explosion protection valve 28 and interacts with it.
- the elastically compressible pre-filter mat 26 lies on a stationary, ie permanently mounted plate 30 made of impact-resistant material, in particular steel, with a first perforation 32.
- a corresponding movable plate 34 with a second perforation 36 lies on the pre-filter mat 26.
- This movable plate 34 is shown in FIG Direction L, the longitudinal axis of the ventilation system 10, can be moved without rotating movement.
- the interaction of the first and second perforations 32, 36 is explained in more detail in FIGS. 4 and 5.
- the explosion protection valve 28 serves to protect a downstream, customary suspended particle filter 38, which would be damaged without protection in the event of an overpressure phase, in particular in the event of an explosion.
- an activated carbon filter 40 which in the present case consists of two disk-shaped filter parts with an open-pore solid structure:
- a C-filter 42 removes chemical pollutants, in particular also warfare agents, from a specially impregnated activated carbon by adsorption, chemisorption or catalytic oxidation.
- a likewise disc-shaped N filter 44 removes radioactive material, so-called radionuclides, by adsorption or ion exchange. In a nuclear power plant accident, radioactive methyl iodide would be released and removed by the N filter 44.
- a fan 46 with an electric motor 48 and a silencer 50 are arranged in the lower part of the housing.
- the outside air drawn in by the switched on fan 46 flows, as indicated by arrows, through the air inlet 16, the explosion protection valve 28 with the prefilter 26, the suspended matter filter 38 and the activated carbon filter 40, always in an essentially axial direction, and is passed through the muffler 50 to the air outlet 18 with a quick-release fastener 20 into the safety and / or protective space 12.
- a double bellows according to FIG. 2 essentially comprises a suction chamber 56 flanged to the air outlet 18 (FIG. 1) via the quick-release fastener 20 and two air chambers 58, 60, which form a double-acting air pump.
- an air pump designed as a double bellows 52 can be attached via the quick-release fastener 20 in a few simple steps. This ensures that the occupants of the safety and sheltered rooms are adequately supplied with breathing air (oxygen) and that the used air (CO 2 ) is discharged.
- the double bellows 52 can be actuated by pulling and pushing on a handle 54.
- the handle 54 can also be designed as a foot pedal so that the pump operation can be maintained with the much stronger legs.
- the suction chamber 56 is flanged onto the quick connector 20 (FIG. 1) via an air inlet connector 62 and sealed with an O-ring 64.
- the suction chamber 56 further comprises a suction valve 66, 68, which open to allow filter air to flow into the air chamber 58, 60 in question.
- the suction chamber 56 is traversed by a guide sleeve 70 running at right angles to the longitudinal axis L for an actuating rod 72 connected to the operating handle 54 for enlarging and reducing the size of the air chambers 58, 60.
- Each air chamber 58, 60 has an outlet valve 74, 76 on the outer end face.
- the operating handle 54 is initially pulled in the direction of the arrow 78.
- the outlet valve 74 remains closed, the suction valve 66 is opened, this also creates a negative pressure in the suction chamber 56 and in the ventilation system 10.
- Outside air is drawn into the ventilation system 10, although the fan 46 is not in operation.
- an excess pressure arises when the operating handle 54 is pulled in the air chamber 60, the filter air of which is expelled into the safety and / or protective space 12 via the outlet valve 76.
- the suction valve 68 is closed due to the negative pressure in the suction chamber 56.
- the air to be cleaned enters a central channel 82 and initially flows through the suspended matter filter 38, then the likewise shaped activated carbon filter 40, and enters into a peripheral ring channel 84.
- the collected filter air passes into a deflection chamber 86 and is drawn in by the double bellows 52.
- the suspended matter filter 38 and the activated carbon filter 40 are supported or limited according to FIG. 3 by air-permeable partition walls 88.
- the activated carbon filter 40 is filled in as a granular mixture which acts simultaneously as a C filter 42 and as an N filter 44.
- a top view of the movable plate 34 of an explosion protection filter according to FIG. 4 shows a second perforation 36 with circular holes which are arranged regularly. Through these holes, the pre-filter mat 26 is visible, which between the plate 34 and the identically dimensioned fixed plate 30 (FIGS. 1, 3) of the explosion protection valve 28.
- the first perforation 32 of the plate 30 is indicated by dashed lines. It can also be seen from FIG. 4 that the plates 30, 34 are rotated through 30 °. If the prefilter mat 26 keeps the two plates at a distance, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the air can easily pass through the first and second perforations 32, 36. If, in an overpressure phase, in particular an explosion, the movable plate 34 is pressed onto the fixed plate 30 underneath, no more air can pass through because the perforations 32, 36 are not congruent without rotation.
- the first and second perforations 32, 36 are designed as slots in the radial direction.
- the function as an explosion protection filter corresponds to FIG. 4.
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Filtering Of Dispersed Particles In Gases (AREA)
- Respiratory Apparatuses And Protective Means (AREA)
- Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
- Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)
- Accommodation For Nursing Or Treatment Tables (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT04733757T ATE472346T1 (de) | 2003-05-22 | 2004-05-19 | Belüftungsanlage für den nbc-schutz |
US10/558,002 US7527663B2 (en) | 2003-05-22 | 2004-05-19 | Ventilation system providing NBC protection |
DE502004011336T DE502004011336D1 (de) | 2003-05-22 | 2004-05-19 | Belüftungsanlage für den nbc-schutz |
EP04733757A EP1631357B1 (de) | 2003-05-22 | 2004-05-19 | Belüftungsanlage für den nbc-schutz |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CH9242003 | 2003-05-22 | ||
CH924/03 | 2003-05-22 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2004103475A1 true WO2004103475A1 (de) | 2004-12-02 |
Family
ID=33459809
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/CH2004/000304 WO2004103475A1 (de) | 2003-05-22 | 2004-05-19 | Belüftungsanlage für den nbc-schutz |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7527663B2 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1631357B1 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE472346T1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE502004011336D1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2004103475A1 (de) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20220032092A1 (en) * | 2018-12-23 | 2022-02-03 | Beth-El Zikhron Yaaqov Industries Ltd. | Nbc filtration systems |
Families Citing this family (16)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB0611213D0 (en) * | 2006-06-07 | 2006-07-19 | Wozair Ltd | Blast wave damper |
US8419837B2 (en) * | 2010-03-09 | 2013-04-16 | Huntair, Inc. | Air filtration system with quick connect |
US9993604B2 (en) | 2012-04-27 | 2018-06-12 | Covidien Lp | Methods and systems for an optimized proportional assist ventilation |
US10362967B2 (en) | 2012-07-09 | 2019-07-30 | Covidien Lp | Systems and methods for missed breath detection and indication |
US9027552B2 (en) | 2012-07-31 | 2015-05-12 | Covidien Lp | Ventilator-initiated prompt or setting regarding detection of asynchrony during ventilation |
US8505253B1 (en) | 2012-10-20 | 2013-08-13 | Holland Medford | Shelter that is capable of withstanding strong winds |
DE102013208081A1 (de) * | 2013-05-02 | 2014-11-06 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Fluidverteiler, Elektrolyseur sowie Verfahren zur Funktion eines Fluidverteilers |
IL231140A0 (en) | 2014-02-24 | 2014-08-31 | Beth El Zikhron Ya Aqov Ind Ltd | A closing mechanism for an air blast valve using said closing mechanism |
CN103845821A (zh) * | 2014-03-15 | 2014-06-11 | 四川金堂海纳生物医药技术研究所 | 一种具有应急换气系统的多功能呼吸器及其制作方法 |
US9950129B2 (en) | 2014-10-27 | 2018-04-24 | Covidien Lp | Ventilation triggering using change-point detection |
IL246827B (en) * | 2016-07-18 | 2020-06-30 | Beth El Zikhron Yaaqov Ind Ltd | A public filter system is economical in place |
CN108211531A (zh) * | 2016-12-14 | 2018-06-29 | 中核四0四有限公司 | 一种用于强放射性热室内远距离拆装的过滤装置 |
IL252068B (en) * | 2017-05-01 | 2020-01-30 | Koeger Samuel | Manual water pump with electric blower |
CN111741805A (zh) * | 2018-01-15 | 2020-10-02 | 布莱德菲尔特斯股份有限公司 | 空气过滤单元 |
FR3097116A1 (fr) * | 2019-06-14 | 2020-12-18 | Air Liquide Medical Systems | Housse de protection pour ventilateur médical utilisable dans un environnement contaminé de type NRBC |
US11324954B2 (en) | 2019-06-28 | 2022-05-10 | Covidien Lp | Achieving smooth breathing by modified bilateral phrenic nerve pacing |
Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB398785A (en) * | 1932-09-24 | 1933-09-21 | Gasgluehlicht Auer Ges Mit Bes | Improvements in and relating to ventilation devices |
US3363540A (en) * | 1966-05-31 | 1968-01-16 | Navy Usa | Dynamic blast closure valve |
DE8815460U1 (de) * | 1988-12-13 | 1989-03-23 | Gerigk, Wolfgang, 2000 Norderstedt | Vorrichtung zur Filterung atomarer, biologischer und chemischer Verunreinigungen in der Atemluft |
DE3841895A1 (de) | 1988-12-13 | 1990-06-21 | Wolfgang Gerigk | Vorrichtung zur filterung atomarer, biologischer und chemischer verunreinigungen in der atemluft |
NL9101522A (nl) * | 1991-09-09 | 1993-04-01 | Aaf Int Bv | Nbc-filter. |
WO1997030755A1 (de) | 1996-02-22 | 1997-08-28 | Andair Ag | Luftreinigungsgerät |
EP0678693B1 (de) | 1994-04-21 | 1998-02-25 | Andair AG | Schutzvorrichtung gegen Druckluftstösse |
US6328775B1 (en) * | 1999-10-12 | 2001-12-11 | Beth-El Zikhron-Yaaqov | Protection system against the penetration of contaminated air and blast waves into a protective space |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2014840A (en) * | 1933-06-27 | 1935-09-17 | Eugenie F Geiger | Safety-ventilating and bombproof system |
US3075448A (en) * | 1960-06-30 | 1963-01-29 | Ammann & Whitney | Blast valve and method of blast protection |
US4631872A (en) * | 1983-01-12 | 1986-12-30 | Daroga Nader D | Nuclear blast and fall-out shelter |
US4707953A (en) * | 1983-03-30 | 1987-11-24 | Brunswick Corporation | Expandable shelter system providing collective protection |
US5115613A (en) * | 1989-02-06 | 1992-05-26 | Theta Technologies, Inc. | Theta blast cell |
-
2004
- 2004-05-19 DE DE502004011336T patent/DE502004011336D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-05-19 EP EP04733757A patent/EP1631357B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-05-19 WO PCT/CH2004/000304 patent/WO2004103475A1/de active Application Filing
- 2004-05-19 AT AT04733757T patent/ATE472346T1/de active
- 2004-05-19 US US10/558,002 patent/US7527663B2/en active Active
Patent Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB398785A (en) * | 1932-09-24 | 1933-09-21 | Gasgluehlicht Auer Ges Mit Bes | Improvements in and relating to ventilation devices |
US3363540A (en) * | 1966-05-31 | 1968-01-16 | Navy Usa | Dynamic blast closure valve |
DE8815460U1 (de) * | 1988-12-13 | 1989-03-23 | Gerigk, Wolfgang, 2000 Norderstedt | Vorrichtung zur Filterung atomarer, biologischer und chemischer Verunreinigungen in der Atemluft |
DE3841895A1 (de) | 1988-12-13 | 1990-06-21 | Wolfgang Gerigk | Vorrichtung zur filterung atomarer, biologischer und chemischer verunreinigungen in der atemluft |
NL9101522A (nl) * | 1991-09-09 | 1993-04-01 | Aaf Int Bv | Nbc-filter. |
EP0678693B1 (de) | 1994-04-21 | 1998-02-25 | Andair AG | Schutzvorrichtung gegen Druckluftstösse |
WO1997030755A1 (de) | 1996-02-22 | 1997-08-28 | Andair Ag | Luftreinigungsgerät |
US6328775B1 (en) * | 1999-10-12 | 2001-12-11 | Beth-El Zikhron-Yaaqov | Protection system against the penetration of contaminated air and blast waves into a protective space |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20220032092A1 (en) * | 2018-12-23 | 2022-02-03 | Beth-El Zikhron Yaaqov Industries Ltd. | Nbc filtration systems |
US11938351B2 (en) * | 2018-12-23 | 2024-03-26 | Beth-El Zikhron Yaaqov Industries Ltd. | NBC filtration systems |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE502004011336D1 (de) | 2010-08-12 |
US20070017510A1 (en) | 2007-01-25 |
EP1631357B1 (de) | 2010-06-30 |
ATE472346T1 (de) | 2010-07-15 |
EP1631357A1 (de) | 2006-03-08 |
US7527663B2 (en) | 2009-05-05 |
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