WO2004094803A1 - 内燃機関の制御装置 - Google Patents
内燃機関の制御装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2004094803A1 WO2004094803A1 PCT/JP2004/005566 JP2004005566W WO2004094803A1 WO 2004094803 A1 WO2004094803 A1 WO 2004094803A1 JP 2004005566 W JP2004005566 W JP 2004005566W WO 2004094803 A1 WO2004094803 A1 WO 2004094803A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- air
- amount
- intake
- internal combustion
- combustion engine
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/18—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals by measuring intake air flow
- F02D41/182—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals by measuring intake air flow for the control of a fuel injection device
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a control device that controls an injection amount of fuel supplied to an internal combustion engine and the like.
- the spray amount of fuel is controlled according to the amount of air sucked from outside air, and the mixture of air and fuel is adjusted according to the rotation angle of the crankshaft. It is known that it ignites and burns (for example, see Japanese Patent Publication No. 4-158838).
- the above-mentioned document discloses a technique for controlling fuel injection. Specifically, it is used to control fuel injection into a multi-cylinder engine, and has a configuration in which an air flow sensor is provided between a throttle pulp and an electromagnetic injection valve on an air intake passage.
- the control circuit calculates the basic fuel injection amount at a predetermined timing from the average value of the flow rate of the intake air detected by the flow sensor, and causes the fuel injection to be performed based on the basic injection amount.
- the cylinders that take air are sequentially switched during one cycle of the engine. The fluctuations in the intake air flow rate that occur at this time are regarded as deviations from the average value of the intake air flow rate, and a deviation signal corresponding to this deviation amount is obtained.
- the present invention has been made with the object of solving such a problem, and an internal combustion engine capable of injecting a required amount of fuel at an appropriate timing and burning with a simple configuration.
- a control device is provided. Disclosure of the invention
- the present invention detects an amount of air taken into the internal combustion engine by using a sensor disposed downstream of a throttle valve in an intake passage of the internal combustion engine, and injects fuel according to the air amount.
- a control device for an internal combustion engine that outputs a signal to an injector of the internal combustion engine, comprising: a rise time of intake air in which an air amount increases with a progress of an intake stroke of the internal combustion engine; The fall time of the intake air at which the air amount decreases is determined from the air amount and the increase or decrease thereof, and the amount of the air taken in from the rise time of the intake air to the fall time of the intake air is determined.
- a control device for the internal combustion engine that calculates a fuel injection amount by multiplying the fuel injection amount by a predetermined coefficient.
- control device for an internal combustion engine when the internal combustion engine starts intake, it pays attention to the fact that the amount of air greatly increases downstream of the throttle valve in the intake passage, and follows the time change of the amount of air. At the start of the intake stroke. The air amount from this point to the time when the air amount decreases with the end of intake is integrated, the appropriate fuel injection amount is calculated based on the integrated air amount, and the fuel is injected from the injector accordingly. Let out.
- the control device for an internal combustion engine according to the present invention is configured such that when the amount of air that increases with the passage of time reaches a predetermined value exceeding an amount corresponding to the pulsating flow or underflow of air in the intake passage, the intake air is reduced. It is preferable to set the time of the rise.
- the intake pulp of the internal combustion engine is opened and closed to open and close.
- a pulsating flow or underflow of air occurs in the air passage
- the flow of air due to the pulsating flow or underflow is distinguished from the flow of air due to the intake stroke of the internal combustion engine based on the amount of air.
- the pulsating flow and the underflow are air flows generated by the open / close state of the intake valve and the throttle valve of the internal combustion engine, and details thereof will be described in the embodiments.
- control device for an internal combustion engine of the present invention measures the cycle of the rise of the intake air.
- the rising cycle of intake air generated for each intake stroke of the internal combustion engine is counted, and the rotation speed of the internal combustion engine is calculated from the result. Also, since the angle at which the rotating shaft of the internal combustion engine rotates until the next rise of intake air is determined for each internal combustion engine, the rotational angle of the rotating shaft can be calculated from the elapsed time since the rise of intake air. It is possible to determine the timing of fuel injection, the timing of ignition, etc. in relation to the rise of intake air.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an engine control system including a control device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of a change in the amount of air that changes with the operation of the engine and an example of control of a fuel injection control and an ignition circuit that are performed based on a change in the amount of air to be sucked.
- FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing the fuel injection control in the control device. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an engine control system including a control device for an internal combustion engine according to the present embodiment.
- the engine control system 1 of the present embodiment shown in FIG. 1 sucks air from an intake passage 4 connected to an intake manifold 3 of an engine 2 that is an internal combustion engine, and distributes the air and the intake manifold 3 to the intake manifold 3.
- the fuel After being mixed with the fuel ejected from the installed injector 5, the fuel is combusted in the combustion chamber 2a of the engine 2, and the combustion gas after combustion is discharged into the exhaust manifold.
- the control device 7 controls the injection amount and injection timing of the fuel to be injected according to the amount of air (intake amount) sucked by the engine 2, and the ignition timing of the mixed gas of air and fuel.
- the intake passage 4 has an air cleaner 11 and a throttle body 13 provided with a throttle pulp 12 which is a throttle valve for adjusting the amount of air downstream of the air cleaner 11.
- the amount of air sucked into the engine 2 through the intake passage 4 is detected as a mass flow rate by an air flow meter 14 which is a sensor disposed so as to be located downstream of the throttle valve 12. . Since the air flow meter 14 is located downstream of the throttle valve 12, of the air supplied through the throttle valve 12, the air supplied between the throttle valve 12 and the intake valve 2 b By subtracting the amount, the amount of air actually sucked into the combustion chamber 2a of the engine 2 can be accurately detected. When the air flow meter 14 is attached to the throttle body 13, the setting man-hour can be reduced.
- an air flow meter 14 suitable for the present embodiment, there is a sensor that deposits a platinum thin film on a silicon substrate and supplies electricity so as to keep the temperature of the platinum thin film constant. As the mass of air flowing around the platinum film increases, the amount of heat dissipated from the platinum film through the air increases, and the temperature of the platinum film decreases in proportion to this. At this time, the air flow meter 14 increases the current flowing through the platinum thin film so as to keep the temperature constant. On the other hand, when the flow rate of air decreases, the heat dissipation decreases and the temperature of the platinum thin film increases, so that the air flow meter 14 reduces the current flowing through the platinum thin film.
- the amount of air can be measured by monitoring this current value. It should be noted that such an air flow meter 14 can reduce the heat mass as compared with the case where a platinum wire is used, and thus realizes high responsiveness and high measurement accuracy.
- the injector 5 ejects fuel into the air flowing through the intake manifold 3 by opening and closing an electromagnetic injection valve.
- the fuel is pumped out of a fuel pump 16 in a fuel tank 15 and a regulator 17
- the fuel adjusted in pressure is supplied.
- the supply of the gas mixture to the combustion chamber 2a and the discharge after combustion are as shown in FIG. This is performed by the intake pulp 2b and the exhaust valve 2c driven by the ming mechanism.
- the ignition of the gas mixture is performed by a spark plug 8.
- the spark plug 8 discharges using high energy stored in the ignition circuit 9.
- the control device 7 that controls the engine control system 1 is also called an ECU (Electronic Control Unit), and includes a CPU (Central 1 Processing Unit) and a ROM (Rad on Only Memory). It operates by receiving power from the battery 10.
- the control device 7 uses the output current of the air flow meter 14 as input data, performs a predetermined process, performs an amount of fuel supplied from the fuel pump 15 to the injector 5, an injection amount of the injector 5, and an injection timing thereof. Then, the timing for starting charging of the ignition circuit 9 and the ignition timing are determined, and a command signal is output to each unit.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a change in the amount of air that changes with the operation of the engine, a command signal to the injector that is output according to the amount of air to be drawn, and a command signal to the ignition circuit.
- the horizontal axis in this figure is time, and the mass of air is a value converted from the output current of the air flow meter 14.
- the amount of air that fluctuates with time is a value obtained by multiplying the output current from the air flow meter 14 by a predetermined coefficient.
- a predetermined threshold reference value
- forward flow means that air flows in a direction in which the air is sucked into the engine 2.
- Backflow refers to the flow of air in the opposite direction, that is, the direction in which the throttle valve 12 is located.
- the intake valve 2b of the engine 2 is closed, the blocked air flows in the reverse direction. This is caused by A state in which such a forward flow and a reverse flow occur alternately is referred to as a pulsating flow.
- the intake The lube 2b may open, but in such a case, a negative pressure is generated in the intake passage 4. Since this negative pressure remains even when the intake valve 2b is closed, a slight flow of air flowing through the throttle valve 12 may occur. The flow of air generated under such conditions is defined as underflow.
- a region where the amount of air is increased beyond the range of the pulsating flow and the underflow is a region where air is sucked into the engine 2 and corresponds to an intake stroke of the engine 2. If the sum of the air amount exceeding the reference value in this region is taken, it becomes the total intake amount of the engine 2 in the intake stroke.
- the start of intake (start of intake) is a value at which the air amount is greater than the reference value, and when the intake air amount exceeds a predetermined value, a start point of such an air amount rise is set. . In other words, when the air amount is increasing and reaches the predetermined value, the intake of air to the engine 2 is considered to be started.
- the amount of air that has increased beyond the predetermined value of the intake air volume increases and then starts decreasing, and is set to a value larger than the predetermined value of the intake air volume increase. It is assumed that the intake air amount falls below a predetermined value. In other words, when the air amount is on the decrease and reaches the predetermined value for decreasing the intake air amount, it is considered that the suction into the engine 2 is completed.
- the rise of the intake air appears periodically with the rotation of the engine 2, and the cycle of the rise of the intake air corresponds to one stroke of the cylinder. Therefore, by examining the elapsed time since the rise of the intake air, the rotation angle of the crankshaft 2d (see Fig. 1) at that time (for example, the rotation angle corresponding to the timing of igniting the mixed gas) is determined. You can know. Also, by counting the number of rising edges of the intake air generated within a predetermined time, the rotation speed and the rotation speed of the engine 2 can be known.
- the command signal to the injector 5 changes from High to Low only for a predetermined time from when the rise of intake air is confirmed, and during this time, the injector 5 injects fuel into the intake manifold 3.
- the predetermined time is a time required for the injector 5 to inject a required fuel amount obtained from the intake air amount from the injector 5.
- the required fuel quantity is obtained by dividing the total intake quantity from the rise of intake to the fall of intake by the air-fuel ratio.
- the injector 5 since the injector 5 is attached to the suction manifold 3, the fuel injection is started after the intake is confirmed, and until the suction of the air is completed. That is, the fuel injection is terminated before the intake valve 2b of the engine 2 closes.
- a command signal for the injector is output so as to inject the fuel amount obtained by multiplying the total intake air amount by the air-fuel ratio.
- the command signal to the ignition circuit 9 changes from High to Low after a predetermined standby time has elapsed since the start of intake air was confirmed. Also, when a predetermined ignition timing time has elapsed since the start of intake air was confirmed, the state changes from Low to High.
- the ignition timing time is the time from the rise of intake air to the timing of igniting the gas mixture.
- the standby time is a time obtained by subtracting the time required for charging the energy required for the ignition circuit from the ignition timing time. Since the required energy changes with the amount of intake air, the standby time also changes with the amount of intake air.
- the control device 7 that performs such processing includes an air amount calculation unit that calculates the amount of air by multiplying the output current of the air flow meter 14 by a predetermined coefficient, and an air flow direction and an intake air generated by an intake stroke. Means for determining the rise and fall of the intake air, total intake amount calculating means for calculating the sum of the intake air amounts in the intake stroke, and calculating the fuel injection amount according to the total intake amount. It has injection amount control means for controlling, and ignition control means for calculating and controlling the charging time of the ignition circuit 9 according to the intake air amount and the fuel amount.
- FIG. 1 This control is performed as an interrupt process at regular intervals after the start of the engine 2.
- step S1 the air amount is calculated from the output current of the air flow meter 14. Subsequently, in steps S2 and S3, a rise of the intake air indicating that the intake to the combustion chamber 2a has been started along with the intake stroke of the engine 2 is determined. In other words, if the air amount calculated in step S1 is equal to or greater than the intake air amount rise predetermined value (step In step S2, it is assumed that Y s) is not the pulsating flow or the underflow, but the air amount sucked into the engine 2, that is, the intake air amount. Further, when it is determined that the intake air amount is increasing (Yes in step S3), it is determined that the intake to the combustion chamber 2a has been started.
- the predetermined value is a threshold value (a reference value shown in FIG. 2) for distinguishing a pulsating flow or an underflow from inhalation, and is a value registered in the control device 7 in advance. If the air amount is less than the intake air amount increase predetermined value in step S2, the processing here ends.
- step S4 the total intake calculation processing is performed in step S4.
- the fuel injection process is performed in step S6. If the combustion injection is not permitted (No in step S5), the process ends here. In such a case, for example, the fuel injection was performed in the most recent intake stroke.
- step S6 the fuel injection amount is determined so that the ratio of the fuel to the total intake amount becomes a predetermined value, and such an injection amount is injected.
- the command signal output to the injector 5 corresponds to the signal level being Low in FIG.
- step S7 If ignition is permitted (Yes in step S7), the process proceeds to step S8 to perform standby time processing to prepare for ignition of the gas mixture, and terminates the processing here.
- the standby time processing determines the length of the standby time shown in FIG. 2. As described above, when the intake air amount and the fuel amount are large, the energy required for ignition increases, and accordingly, Modify the standby time only so that the charging time is longer. If the ignition is not permitted (No in step S7), the process is terminated as it is. In such a case, the previous ignition calculated from the previous intake cycle (the rotation speed of the engine 2) There is a case where there is a large difference between the timing time and the current ignition timing time determined from the current intake rise predetermined value.
- step Injection control of the fuel such as step S4
- step S6 the corresponding amount of fuel injection
- the amount of air that has risen due to the intake gradually turns to decrease, becomes less than the intake air amount rise predetermined value (No in step S2), and the intake ends.
- the intake air amount is equal to or higher than the predetermined increase amount (Yes in step S2), the intake air amount is not increasing (No in step S3).
- the end of the fuel injection corresponds to the fact that the signal level of the command signal to the injector 5 becomes High in FIG.
- step S9 if the intake air amount is equal to or more than the predetermined value for decreasing the intake air amount (No in step S9), it is determined that the air amount has only temporarily decreased, and step S9 is performed. The processing from step 4 to step S8 is performed.
- the ignition control of the control device 7 will be described with reference to FIG.
- the control device 7 counts the elapsed time from the rise of the intake air, and outputs a command signal (low-level signal in FIG. 2) to the ignition circuit 9 when the time corresponding to the standby time is reached. To start charging. Further, when the ignition timing comes, a command signal (high-level signal in FIG. 2) is output to the ignition circuit 9 again, and the charged energy is supplied to the ignition plug 8 to ignite the mixed gas.
- the control device 7 can determine the intake air, calculate the intake air amount, and calculate the fuel injection by using the information obtained from the air flow meter 14 without separately requiring the rotation sensor of the crankshaft 2d and the temperature sensor. It determines the amount and controls the ignition timing. For this reason, the memory required for the controller 7 can be reduced and the processing load of the CPU can be reduced as compared with the case where a plurality of fault diagnosis programs are provided for each sensor. In addition, when the engine control system 1 as a whole is viewed, the degree of freedom in layout is reduced by the small number of sensors, which contributes to a reduction in man-hours during assembly.
- the fuel injection amount is determined based on the actual intake air amount. Computational processing such as determining the injection amount for each There is no need to deal with it.
- the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, but can be widely used.
- the predetermined value for decreasing the amount of intake air is larger than the predetermined value for increasing the amount of intake air, but it is the same value or a value smaller than the predetermined value for increasing the amount of intake air. May be.
- the amount of intake air after the fall may be large, and the amount of fuel obtained by multiplying the total intake amount calculated in step S4 of FIG. 3 by the air-fuel ratio may not be sufficient.
- the present invention detects an amount of air taken into the internal combustion engine by using a sensor disposed downstream of a throttle valve in an intake passage of the internal combustion engine, and injects fuel according to the air amount.
- a control device for an internal combustion engine that outputs a signal to an injector, comprising: a rise of intake air in which an air amount increases with an advance of an intake stroke of the internal combustion engine; and a decrease of the air amount with an advance of the intake stroke. Control of the internal combustion engine that determines the fall of the intake air from the increase or decrease of the air amount and multiplies a predetermined coefficient by the air amount from the rise of the intake air to the fall of the intake air to calculate the fuel injection amount.
- the control apparatus of the internal combustion engine of this invention while detecting the intake amount of air with the sensor arrange
- the rise of the intake air is determined from the magnitude of the amount of air and the tendency to increase or decrease. Can calculate. Also, it is possible to prevent the fuel from being spouted even though the air is not actually sucked.
- the cycle of the rise of intake air is counted, and the timing of fuel injection, the timing of ignition, etc. are linked
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/553,687 US7191764B2 (en) | 2003-04-22 | 2004-04-19 | Control unit for an internal combustion engine |
EP04728287A EP1637721A1 (en) | 2003-04-22 | 2004-04-19 | Control device of internal combustion engine |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2003-116813 | 2003-04-22 | ||
JP2003116813A JP3899329B2 (ja) | 2003-04-22 | 2003-04-22 | 内燃機関の制御装置 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2004094803A1 true WO2004094803A1 (ja) | 2004-11-04 |
Family
ID=33308001
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2004/005566 WO2004094803A1 (ja) | 2003-04-22 | 2004-04-19 | 内燃機関の制御装置 |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7191764B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1637721A1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP3899329B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN100370125C (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2004094803A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2452766B (en) | 2007-09-14 | 2010-01-06 | Scion Sprays Ltd | Internal combustion engine with a fuel injection system |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS6422842U (ja) * | 1980-02-28 | 1989-02-07 | ||
EP0400942A1 (en) * | 1989-05-29 | 1990-12-05 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Air-fuel mixture supply apparatus for internal combustion engine |
JPH07167697A (ja) * | 1993-12-15 | 1995-07-04 | Unisia Jecs Corp | 内燃機関の吸入空気流量検出装置 |
JP2001234798A (ja) * | 2000-02-22 | 2001-08-31 | Hitachi Ltd | 内燃機関の空燃比制御装置および気筒毎流入吸気量推定方法 |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS59188037A (ja) * | 1983-03-08 | 1984-10-25 | Mazda Motor Corp | エンジンの燃料噴射制御装置 |
JPS603458A (ja) * | 1983-06-22 | 1985-01-09 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | 内燃エンジンの燃料供給制御方法 |
JPS6296780A (ja) * | 1985-10-22 | 1987-05-06 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | 点火時期制御装置 |
JPH0415388A (ja) | 1990-05-01 | 1992-01-20 | Mirai Ind Co Ltd | 波付菅の接続構造及び接続具 |
JPH08218934A (ja) * | 1995-02-09 | 1996-08-27 | Mazda Motor Corp | エンジンの吸入空気量検出装置 |
JP2004324425A (ja) * | 2003-04-21 | 2004-11-18 | Keihin Corp | 内燃機関の制御装置 |
-
2003
- 2003-04-22 JP JP2003116813A patent/JP3899329B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2004
- 2004-04-19 WO PCT/JP2004/005566 patent/WO2004094803A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2004-04-19 US US10/553,687 patent/US7191764B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-04-19 EP EP04728287A patent/EP1637721A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2004-04-19 CN CNB2004800105135A patent/CN100370125C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS6422842U (ja) * | 1980-02-28 | 1989-02-07 | ||
EP0400942A1 (en) * | 1989-05-29 | 1990-12-05 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Air-fuel mixture supply apparatus for internal combustion engine |
JPH07167697A (ja) * | 1993-12-15 | 1995-07-04 | Unisia Jecs Corp | 内燃機関の吸入空気流量検出装置 |
JP2001234798A (ja) * | 2000-02-22 | 2001-08-31 | Hitachi Ltd | 内燃機関の空燃比制御装置および気筒毎流入吸気量推定方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN1777745A (zh) | 2006-05-24 |
EP1637721A1 (en) | 2006-03-22 |
JP3899329B2 (ja) | 2007-03-28 |
CN100370125C (zh) | 2008-02-20 |
JP2004324449A (ja) | 2004-11-18 |
US7191764B2 (en) | 2007-03-20 |
US20060288987A1 (en) | 2006-12-28 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP2027380B1 (en) | Control apparatus and method for internal combustion engine and fuel property determining apparatus and method | |
EP1660767A1 (en) | Fuel injection system of internal combustion engine | |
CN102449292B (zh) | 内燃机的控制装置 | |
CN101080561B (zh) | 用于控制内燃机的装置和方法 | |
US9037387B2 (en) | Control device for internal combustion engine | |
JP3926763B2 (ja) | 内燃機関の制御システム | |
JP2004052670A (ja) | 熱式エアフローセンサの出力補正手段を備えた内燃機関の制御装置 | |
WO2004094803A1 (ja) | 内燃機関の制御装置 | |
JP3961446B2 (ja) | 内燃機関の制御装置 | |
JP2003184632A (ja) | 内燃機関の駆動方法、コンピュータプログラム、開制御および/または閉ループ制御装置、および内燃機関 | |
JP2914341B2 (ja) | デポジットの検出装置 | |
JP3964347B2 (ja) | 内燃機関の吸気装置 | |
JP4946880B2 (ja) | 内燃機関のトルク制御装置 | |
US7395700B2 (en) | Intake device for internal combustion engine and method of measuring intake air amount | |
JP3340912B2 (ja) | 内燃機関の始動時燃料噴射量制御装置 | |
WO2004094798A1 (ja) | 内燃機関の吸気装置及び制御装置 | |
JP2002332885A (ja) | 内燃機関の制御装置 | |
JP2004324425A (ja) | 内燃機関の制御装置 | |
JP2005106000A (ja) | 内燃機関の制御装置 | |
JP2000220513A (ja) | スロットル制御装置 | |
JPH11132092A (ja) | 自動車エンジン用燃料性状判定装置及び方法並びに自動車エンジン用燃料性状判定制御プログラムを記録した記録媒体 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AK | Designated states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AE AG AL AM AT AU AZ BA BB BG BR BW BY BZ CA CH CN CO CR CU CZ DE DK DM DZ EC EE EG ES FI GB GD GE GH GM HR HU ID IL IN IS KE KG KP KR KZ LC LK LR LS LT LU LV MA MD MG MK MN MW MX MZ NA NI NO NZ OM PG PH PL PT RO RU SC SD SE SG SK SL SY TJ TM TN TR TT TZ UA UG US UZ VC VN YU ZA ZM ZW |
|
AL | Designated countries for regional patents |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): BW GH GM KE LS MW MZ SD SL SZ TZ UG ZM ZW AM AZ BY KG KZ MD RU TJ TM AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IT LU MC NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR BF BJ CF CG CI CM GA GN GQ GW ML MR NE SN TD TG |
|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application | ||
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2006288987 Country of ref document: US Ref document number: 10553687 Country of ref document: US |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2004728287 Country of ref document: EP |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 20048105135 Country of ref document: CN |
|
WWP | Wipo information: published in national office |
Ref document number: 2004728287 Country of ref document: EP |
|
WWP | Wipo information: published in national office |
Ref document number: 10553687 Country of ref document: US |