WO2004087495A2 - Dispositif et procede de stabilisation et de controle de la descente ou remontee d’une structure lourde entre la surface et le fond de la mer - Google Patents
Dispositif et procede de stabilisation et de controle de la descente ou remontee d’une structure lourde entre la surface et le fond de la mer Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2004087495A2 WO2004087495A2 PCT/FR2004/000742 FR2004000742W WO2004087495A2 WO 2004087495 A2 WO2004087495 A2 WO 2004087495A2 FR 2004000742 W FR2004000742 W FR 2004000742W WO 2004087495 A2 WO2004087495 A2 WO 2004087495A2
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- receptacle
- sea
- buoyancy
- compartments
- descent
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/01—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells specially adapted for obtaining from underwater installations
- E21B43/0122—Collecting oil or the like from a submerged leakage
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B27/00—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers
- B63B27/08—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers of winches
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63C—LAUNCHING, HAULING-OUT, OR DRY-DOCKING OF VESSELS; LIFE-SAVING IN WATER; EQUIPMENT FOR DWELLING OR WORKING UNDER WATER; MEANS FOR SALVAGING OR SEARCHING FOR UNDERWATER OBJECTS
- B63C7/00—Salvaging of disabled, stranded, or sunken vessels; Salvaging of vessel parts or furnishings, e.g. of safes; Salvaging of other underwater objects
- B63C7/006—Emptying the contents of sunken, stranded, or disabled vessels, e.g. by engaging the vessel; Underwater collecting of buoyant contents, such as liquid, particulate or gaseous contents, escaping from sunken vessels, e.g. using funnels, or tents for recovery of escaping hydrocarbons
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B15/00—Cleaning or keeping clear the surface of open water; Apparatus therefor
- E02B15/04—Devices for cleaning or keeping clear the surface of open water from oil or like floating materials by separating or removing these materials
- E02B15/08—Devices for reducing the polluted area with or without additional devices for removing the material
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B15/00—Cleaning or keeping clear the surface of open water; Apparatus therefor
- E02B2015/005—Tent-like structures for dealing with pollutant emissions below the water surface
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a device and method for stabilizing and controlling the descent or ascent of a structure between the surface and the sea bottom, and more particularly a structure constituting a receptacle with a sealed compartment useful for recovering pollutant effluents from 'wreck.
- structure is meant here any equipment, tool, machine and in particular elements of the underwater wellhead on oil fields, oil processing units, or even sections of underwater pipes that are towed by high seas from their manufacturing site and which we wish to install at the bottom of the sea.
- the present invention also relates to a method and an installation for the containment of the recovery of effluents at sea and more particularly of polluting effluents contained in a sunken and damaged ship resting on the bottom of the sea, and a method of placing at the bottom of the sea.
- the ship sinks in general after having been deeply damaged and after having lost part of its cargo.
- the water depth is significant, for example 100 or 200 meters
- recovery of the wreck or its bailout is generally not envisaged, but the hull must either be completely emptied and rinsed, or covered with a external structure of the marquee type, so as to prevent the corrosion of the wreck over time, creating localized or generalized holes, leading to the release of the contents of the ship, which disperses with the flow of the current, thus creating a pollution that can last for years, even decades.
- a receptacle is lowered comprising a lower orifice using positioning means directly near and vertically of at least one opening in the hull and / or the vessel of the vessel communicating the interior of the vessel of the ship with the outside, so as to directly recover said polluting effluents flowing from said opening directly opposite by raising them in said lower orifice of said receptacle, and
- said receptacle when said receptacle is filled with polluting effluents, said receptacle is raised using said positioning means until means for emptying said receptacle comprising an upper closable orifice of said receptacle and / or a discharge pipe connected to said upper orifice at the upper part of said receptacle are accessible on the surface, and
- said receptacle consists of a funnel-shaped bell whose large open base constitutes said lower orifice and covers only the leakage zone of said effluents, said zone is a zone located with a reduced surface area comprising one or more said openings in the hull and / or the tank of said vessel, and the small upper base of said funnel gives access to said upper orifice, and b) said positioning means comprise:
- means for anchoring said receptacle on the ship comprising cables connecting attachment points fixed on the circumference of said large base of funnel and attachment points on or near the ship, and
- said emptying means comprise a said evacuation pipe connected by one end to said upper orifice comprising said tubular section at the top of said funnel, said pipe being tensioned substantially vertically using a float connected to the free end of said pipe.
- the implementation of said positioning means during the successive descents and ascents of said receptacle, represents a very long and relatively difficult operation to perform at great depth.
- pumping, through a said discharge pipe is not possible at such a depth, in particular as soon as the effluent has a high viscosity and tends to freeze in the form of paraffin.
- a heating system is installed in the catchment area or in the upper part of the bell during the ascent, the viscous effluent tends to freeze, making pumping very difficult.
- said receptacle consists of: - a rigid container of substantially tubular shape, which is held in vertical position by means of floats installed at least at the upper end or at each upper and lower end of said container, and said upper and lower orifices of said container being closable so that said receptacle can be raised to the surface and installed in a floating horizontal position when said orifices are closed, said receptacle can then be towed to an installation or a storage vessel for said effluents.
- Rigid receptacles have been proposed with an open base in the shape of a bell or hat, intended to cover, not a localized leakage area but a shipwreck on the bottom of the entire sea to recover polluting effluents from it. escaping from several leak zones of said vessel.
- These receptacles have considerable dimensions since they are intended to include large ships of the petroleum type. The establishment, at the bottom of the sea, of such structures of considerable dimensions poses problems of construction and installation at the bottom of the sea under technically reliable conditions.
- the shuttle tank is lowered from the surface to the bottom of the sea and the lower opening of the shuttle tank is made to cooperate with an evacuation device on the wall, and the valve of the internal opening is closed, and
- the shuttle tank is allowed to rise to the surface, said shuttle tank comprising buoyancy elements which facilitate its ascent to the surface, and 4) preferably the shuttle tanks filled with effluents are stored in a ship on the surface and empty said shuttle tank in said vessel or it is transported to a site for emptying, and
- buoyancy elements that is to say the mass of water adjacent to the package which is driven during vertical movements, towards up or down, which can represent an overall mass of inertia of 400 or 500 tonnes for a massive package of 100 tonnes.
- the cable connecting the package to the floating support is stretched in a vertical straight line and, said floating support being subjected to swell, undergoes rolling and pitching which require the use of winches with controlled tension or hydraulic devices called heave compensators, which prevent breakage of said cable by limiting the tension in said cable to an acceptable value.
- heave compensators controlled tension or hydraulic devices
- the aim of the present invention is to provide a device and method making it possible to control and facilitate the descent or ascent of a heavy and, if appropriate, bulky structure such as receptacles or reservoirs-shuttles for recovering effluents mentioned above. , but applicable to any other type of structure, or even to stabilize it, between the surface and the seabed, especially at great depths.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a method and an installation making it possible to confine and recover the contents of the holds and the tanks of a ship, for example an oil tanker, resting on the seabed, in water depths important, in particular greater than 3000 meters, or even up to 4000 to 5000 meters, and which do not have the drawbacks of the prior methods and devices and, in particular which are easy and simple to implement despite their very large dimensions.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a method and an installation making it possible to confine and recover polluting effluents from the holds of a stranded ship, in particular at great depth, by means of a rigid receptacle with open base in the form hat coming to completely cover the wreck of the ship so as to channel all the effluents escaping from the ship in a single volume, or even to organize the ascent of polluting effluents from the said receptacle to the bottom of the sea in better conditions.
- An object of the present invention is therefore, more particularly, to provide a receptacle with an open base in the form of a hat, capable of completely covering a wreck at the bottom of the sea and recovering pollutant effluents therefrom, which is technically reliable and which can be installed at the bottom of the sea according to a simple and technically reliable process.
- the present invention provides a device for stabilizing or controlling the descent or ascent of a structure between the surface and the seabed, characterized in that it comprises at least one connecting element of the cable type. or chain of which: m a first end is connected to a winch on board a floating support or vessel on the surface, on which winch it is wound, and at a second end is connected to a hooking element, on said structure, or on at least a first buoyancy element connected to said structure, and the length of said connecting element is such that said winch is capable of winding or unwinding said first end of said connecting element, so that a lower portion of said element connecting can hang below said hooking element, that is to say below the point of attachment of said second end to said hooking element.
- Said structure is therefore, if necessary, suspended from one or more said first buoyancy elements arranged above it.
- Said structure may also include second buoyancy elements integrated or incorporated inside said structure, that is to say that said second buoyancy elements do not move an additional volume of water compared to the volume of water displaced by said structure.
- buoyancy element means an element which has a lighter weight than sea water and which therefore makes it possible to increase the buoyancy of the assembly which it forms with the structure to which it is connected or in which it is integrated.
- the term “increase the buoyancy” of an element means increasing the ratio ⁇ between the buoyancy and its own weight out of water which is exerted on said element when it is immersed.
- ⁇ the ratio between the buoyancy and its own weight out of water which is exerted on said element when it is immersed.
- the buoyancy of the structure can be made positive to facilitate the ascent of said structure.
- said buoyancy elements compensate for the weight of said structure, so that the buoyancy which applies to all of said structure and said buoyancy elements, is greater than or equal to the dead weight of all of said structure and of said buoyancy elements including also in particular one or more lower portions of connecting element (s), the result of the forces being directed upwards in the event of positive buoyancy.
- the device according to the invention makes it possible to vary the length and therefore the weight of said lower portion of the connection element hanging below said attachment element on said structure, and supported by the latter.
- the stabilization and control device according to the invention comprises at least two said connecting elements and said structure comprises several said hooking elements and said connecting elements and said hooking elements are preferably arranged symmetrically respectively around and on the periphery of said structure.
- the present invention also provides a method of descending or ascending or stabilizing a structure between the surface and the sea floor using a device, according to which steps are carried out in which one unwinds or coils the connecting link (s) at their said first end (s) using said winch (s) and the descent or respectively ascent by regulating the speed of unwinding or respectively winding of said connecting element (s) at said winch (s), so as to adjust, the length of said lower portion of said connecting element (s) hanging below said connecting element (s) on said structure or said first buoyancy element and supported by these latter, the descent, ascent or stabilization of said structure being obtained when respectively, the sum of the weight of the part of the (or s) called (s) lower portion (s) of (or) element (s) connecting between on the one hand, the (s) said (s) point (s) of attachment to (x) said attachment element (s) or said first buoyancy element on said structure and, on the other hand, the lowest point (s) of the said portion (s)
- the stabilization and control device comprises a said connecting element consists of a cable, said lower portion of which includes weighting blocks arranged in a chain on a said cable, preferably metal blocks which are secured said cable by crimping.
- said blocks have a shape such that when said lower portion hanging below said hooking elements adopts a curved shape, two said blocks arranged side by side are capable of abutting against each other thus limiting the curvature of said cable.
- the curvature of said cable is limited so that the minimum radius of curvature of said cables at said portion lower allows to maintain a minimum distance between said cable and said structure, sufficient to prevent any mechanical contact between them during a said descent or ascent of said structure.
- said blocks have a cylindrical central part framed by two frustoconical ends whose axes (that is to say the axes of said cylinder and of the two frustoconical ends covering these bases) correspond to the direction of said cable when the latter is arranged linearly, two adjacent blocks being in contact at said frustoconical ends along a generatrix of said frustoconical ends in the curved parts of said lower portion.
- said connecting element comprises a chain, said lower portion of which comprises heavier links than those of the rest of the chain, and preferably more bulky so as to limit the possible curvature of the chain.
- said first buoyancy elements are arranged if necessary above said structure to which it is suspended and, where appropriate, said second buoyancy elements are integrated in the upper part of said structure, preferably integrated into the above said fastening elements so that the center of gravity of the whole of said structure and of said first buoyancy elements is located below the center of thrust exerted on the whole of said structure and of said first elements buoyancy, so as to ensure overall stability throughout the installation phase.
- center of thrust is meant the point where the result of the Archimedes' thrust is exerted. (The center of thrust is the center of gravity of the volume of water displaced by said structure).
- said heavy structure can consist of any package, in particular heavy package, module, tool, or base as described in the European patent application on behalf of the applicant not published n ° 0435802.6, which one wishes to immobilize near the bottom of the sea or to anchor on a wall or an element resting on the bottom of the sea.
- said structure is a rigid structure of steel, metal or composite synthetic material containing at least one, preferably a plurality of buoyancy compartments, preferably watertight, capable of receiving a fluid lighter than seawater to form a said buoyancy element, said compartments each being equipped with at least one filling orifice and preferably at least one discharge orifice, said compartments, preferably sealed, being preferably distributed symmetrically in said walls.
- said structure is a massive structure constituted by a receptacle with an open base, hat-shaped, comprising a peripheral lateral wall surmounted by a ceiling wall, capable of completely covering a wreck with a ship at the bottom of the sea to recover polluting effluents escaping therefrom, said receptacle comprising at least one orifice for discharging said effluents contained in the interior volume of said receptacle; said discharge orifice being preferably located at the level of the ceiling of the receptacle.
- compartments preferably sealed, are intended to be completely or partially filled with fluid lighter than sea water and therefore constitute compartments providing buoyancy to the structure of the receptacle, allowing it to be towed to the surface and lowered to the bottom. bottom of the sea during its installation in reliable technical conditions and simple to carry out, as will be explained later.
- symmetrical distribution of the compartments in the walls means that these are arranged symmetrically with respect to one or more median planes of symmetry of said receptacle, which makes it possible, as will be explained below, to facilitate balancing and positioning the open base of said receptacle substantially horizontally.
- said receptacle has a longitudinal axis of symmetry like said ships intended to be covered, and said receptacle has a vertical longitudinal axial plane of symmetry when the open base of the receptacle is in horizontal position, and more particularly, said receptacle has a second vertical transverse plane of symmetry.
- the constituent walls of said ceiling are flared so as to define a reduced space in the upper part.
- the side wall, forming the peripheral skirt of the hat is also preferably inclined in the form of a flared funnel, defining in the lower part the open base of said receptacle, so as to favor the ascent and the accumulation of l effluent escaping from the wreckage under the ceiling of the receptacle.
- the receptacle represents an overturned shell with a longitudinal axial plane and ceiling and lateral walls are contiguous planar walls of different inclinations and thus delimiting cut sides or clean edges of the shell.
- the receptacle has a vertical and longitudinal axial plane of symmetry (XOZ) and it comprises:
- a ceiling wall comprising two lateral longitudinal walls inclined with respect to said vertical axial plane of symmetry of said receptacle, so as to form a reverse V in cross section
- said receptacle is constituted as an overturned ship hull with double walls, comprising a rigid structure of steel, metal, preferably of light metal such as aluminum or titanium, or composite synthetic material, said compartments. sealed being defined by spaces delimited by said double walls and structural elements joining the double walls.
- double wall is therefore understood here to mean a wall consisting of an internal wall and an external wall separated by structural elements of the beam type forming a frame joining said internal and external walls, themselves made of rigid or semi-material rigid, namely steel, metal, preferably of light metal such as aluminum or titanium or synthetic composite material, for example made of glass fibers within a matrix of polyester or epoxy resin type.
- the compartments are therefore formed by the internal and external walls of said double walls as well as the transverse or longitudinal structural elements interposed between the double walls and bringing them together.
- the rigid structure of the walls constituting said receptacle consists of metal or steel beams, assembled together and between which watertight compartments are incorporated, said structure being covered, at least on one side , preferably the outer face, by waterproof fabrics or membranes, for example in reinforced fabric covered with a thermoplastic material, and fixed to said rigid structure in a leaktight manner.
- the watertight compartments consist of a closed autonomous envelope which is incorporated inside the structure and made integral with the latter.
- the rigid structure of the walls of the receptacle is made of concrete, preferably lightened concrete, preferably by hollow expanded clay balls, concrete within which are hollow volumes defining said watertight compartments.
- the receptacle comprises pillars, preferably regularly distributed around its periphery, at least some of which are preferably retractable, said pillars being able to support, in a quasi-isostatic manner, said receptacle resting at the bottom of the sea through said pillars, where applicable deployed, preferably with the open base of said receptacle in a substantially horizontal position.
- the lengths of said pillars, if any deployed, can be different from one another to allow said open base of the receptacle to be held in a substantially horizontal position.
- the walls of said receptacle are equipped outside:
- propellants Preferably propellants, more preferably orientable propellants, allowing the movement of the receptacle in a horizontal direction to position it above said wreck.
- Said second hooking elements can also allow additional floats to be hooked to the receptacle.
- the present invention also relates to a process for setting up a structure, in particular a receptacle according to the invention, for covering a wreck of a ship at the bottom of the sea and recovering polluting effluents therefrom. escaping, characterized in that the successive stages are carried out in which:
- said sealed compartments are completely or partially filled with a fluid, preferably lighter than sea water, and the filling rate of said sealed compartments is adjusted so as to position said structure, in particular said receptacle in equilibrium under immersion proximity to the surface, especially a few meters away, for example 10 meters away, and
- the said structure is lowered to its desired submerged position, in particular the said receptacle near the sea bottom, above the wreck, by controlling the descent using a stabilization or control device for the lowering or raising a structure according to the invention, in particular using a plurality of cables preferably unwound from winches on board surface ships, said cables being connected to lengths of heavy chains, the chains being themselves connected, at their other end, to said fastening elements integral with said structure, preferably distributed symmetrically over the periphery of said structure, the weight of the lengths of chains hanging below the points of attachment to said elements of attachment allowing the descent of said structure, and the lengths of said chains hanging below said attachment points of the elements at the attachment point being adapted by unwinding or winding of said cables, preferably around said winches, so as to regulate the speed of descent of the receptacle and ensuring the balancing of the base of said structure, in particular the open base of the receptacle which is substantially horizontal during the descent, and
- step 1) Before and / or after step 1), but before step 2) above, it is possible to tow, using ships, said structure, in particular said receptacle floating on the surface, said watertight compartments being filled with air and floating between two waters flush with the surface or said watertight compartments being completely filled with a fluid lighter than sea water.
- step 1) above it is understood that the filling of said sealed compartments, with a fluid lighter than sea water, is carried out in the various compartments according to their distribution in the walls of the receptacle, so that the open base of the receptacle remains substantially horizontal on the one hand and that, on the other hand, the center of thrust of the receptacle is substantially above the center of gravity of the receptacle. This applies to the choice of compartments to fill and their filling rate.
- step 1) additional buoyancy is provided to said receptacle using additional floats using said first buoyancy elements connected to said structure, in particular to said receptacle, and in step 3) , when said structure is in the desired position, said additional floats are released.
- step 1) and before step 2) when said structure arrives in the desired position, in particular said receptacle near the wreck above it, the lengths of said heavy hanging chains are reduced below said hooking elements and supported by the structure, so as to stabilize said suspended structure, and the receptacle is anchored to the bottom of the sea, then said heavy chains are lowered completely so that their entire weight participates in the stabilization of said structure, in particular of said receptacle at the bottom of the sea.
- Heavy chains can be recovered by disconnecting them from their receptacle, but as explained below, to increase the stability of said structure, in particular of said receptacle, said heavy chains can be hooked at their two ends to said hooking elements on said structure or, more simply, the free end of said heavy chains can be placed on the ceiling of said structure, in particular of said receptacle after hooking of the cables connected to surface vessels, then the cables connected to the surface vessel are unhooked from said chains.
- said receptacle comprises pillars, at least some of which are preferably retractable and said retractable pillars are deployed where appropriate so that said receptacle rests on the bottom of the sea on each of the pillars in a quasi-isostatic manner and, preferably, with the base open of said receptacle in a substantially horizontal position.
- the receptacle is positioned in the axis above the wreckage by actuation of propellants mounted outside the receptacle and preferably distributed symmetrically over its periphery.
- the fluid lighter than sea water for filling said watertight compartments, can be diesel, oil, fresh water or a liquefied gas lighter than sea water such as propane, butane or ammonia, these gases remaining in a liquid state at sea water temperature (2 - 20 ° C) as soon as the pressure exceeds a few bars.
- a liquefied gas lighter than sea water such as propane, butane or ammonia
- step 1) said sealed compartments are filled with a first fluid lighter than sea water and in step 2), descends said structure to a depth of 30 to 60 meters corresponding to a pressure of 3 to 6 bars at which a liquefied gas is injected under pressure lighter than sea water into said watertight compartments from a surface gas ship.
- these products are much less polluting than diesel or oil, because they disperse naturally as soon as they reach the surface.
- part of the interior volume of said receptacle is delimited by the upper part.
- the present invention also relates to a process for recovering pollutant effluents lighter than sea water, contained in the tanks of a shipwreck lying on the bottom of the sea in which: 1) a receptacle is put in place according to a method of stabilization and descent control according to the invention and
- step 2 of the effluent recovery process mentioned above the steps in which
- said shuttle tank is positioned above said receptacle so that its open lower orifice is just above said evacuation orifice of said receptacle, and
- said shuttle tank is secured to said receptacle, and
- said tank is separated from said receptacle and the said tank filled with effluents is raised to the surface.
- FIG. 1 is a section in side view of a receptacle hereinafter called "sarcophagus" during descent to a wreck
- Figure 2 is a sectional side view of a rigid receptacle resting on the bottom of the sea and completely surrounding the wreck
- Figure 3 is a perspective view in cutaway, of the structure of the sarcophagus
- Figure 4 is a sectional side view of the sarcophagus during descent, detailing the mode of regulation of the descent using heavy chains
- Figures 4a and 4b detail the variable mode of implementation of said heavy chains
- Figure 5 is a sectional side view of the sarcophagus during descent, the buoyancy being produced by diesel in watertight compartments integrated in its walls, in combination with fresh water inside the internal volume of the receptacle -sarcophagus
- Figure 6 is a sectional side view of
- FIG. 9a and 9b show a section in side view of a sarcophagus respectively during towing, its buoyancy compartments being filled with seawater 9a, and in 9b, vertical to the wreck, during the filling phase of said buoyancy compartments with liquefied gas of low density;
- FIG. 10 represents a said receptacle provided with feet or pillars by means of which it can rest on the bottom of the sea.
- FIG. 11a is a side view of a shuttle tank stabilized in its ascent by a heavy connection cable by blocks integral with the latter and also playing the role of curvature limiter
- Figures 11b and 11c show states similar to that of Figure 11a, the shuttle tank being in the ascent phase in Figure 11b and downhill in Figure 11c
- Figure 11d shows the detail of two blocks 31 in contact , when said connecting cable is bent
- FIG. 12 represents a shuttle tank cooperating with the upper wall of a structure of the sarcophagus type to recover the oil flowing therefrom from a stranded ship and confined under the sarcophagus
- Figure 13 shows the descent of an anchoring and drilling device, controlled by a stabilization chain according to the invention and buoyancy elements.
- FIG 1 there is shown the hull of a wreck or a tank wall 6 resting on the sea bottom 7 filled with hydrocarbon 8 whose density is less than sea water. Said hydrocarbon is confined in the upper part of the tank or wreck 6, the lower part being filled with sea water. Since the ship 6 generally has multiple openings hermetically closed at deck level, leaks may occur. produce as soon as this tightness comes to be degraded by the deformation or the rupture of the hull during the sinking.
- a rigid receptacle 1 according to the invention hereinafter called “sarcophagus” consisting of a rigid structure is lowered from the surface under the control of cables 12 connected to vessels 20 with dynamic positioning located on the surface, as shown in Figures 1 and 2.
- the receptacle 1, described in FIGS. 1 to 3, has a vertical and longitudinal axial plane of symmetry (XOZ) and comprises:
- a ceiling wall 3, 3a, 3b) comprising two lateral longitudinal walls 3a, 3b inclined with respect to said vertical axial plane of symmetry of said receptacle, so as to form a reversed V in cross section, and
- a side wall 2 comprising: • two longitudinal side walls 2a, 2b vertical or inclined with respect to said vertical axial plane of symmetry (XOZ), each being contiguous to a said longitudinal ceiling wall 3a, 3b, and o two transverse end walls 2 ⁇ , vertical or inclined , preferably symmetrically, with respect to a vertical transverse plane of symmetry (YOZ).
- the sarcophagus 1 consists of a shell in an inverted configuration, said shell being sealed and with double walls thus constituting sealed compartments 4, preferably a multitude of sealed compartments in continuity with one another.
- the structure consists of transverse members 4 3 , perforated or solid within the same watertight compartment, and associated with longitudinal members, perforated or solid 4 6 .
- FIG. 3 there is shown in an exploded cross section corresponding to the plane YOZ, a straight half of a double wall 3b of the ceiling, plane, inclined relative to the horizontal, for example from 10 to 20 °, but possibly being horizontal, and when it is inclined forming a ceiling in an inverted V configuration with the other half of double ceiling walls 3b.
- Each longitudinal ceiling wall 3a, 3b is connected by its lower edge to a double side wall 2a, 2b, flat, vertical or inclined relative to the vertical, in particular from 5 to 20 °, preferably at a lesser inclination than said walls. longitudinal inclined ceiling.
- the two ends of the sarcophagus 1 along the longitudinal axis XX ' are closed by double end walls 2, 2a, 2 ⁇ ensuring the junction between the end edges of the double side walls 2a, 2b and the double walls of the ceiling 3 , 3a, 3b and said end side walls 2 ⁇ being perpendicular to the longitudinal axis XX '.
- the lower part is entirely free, so that the sarcophagus can come to cover, like a bell, the wreck 6 to be confined.
- the volumes included inside the various double walls 2 ⁇ , 2, 2a, 2b and 3, 3a, 3b and delimited by the internal and external walls and the solid members 4 3 , 4 6 form watertight compartments opposite the exterior, which allows them to be filled with a fluid of lower density than sea water, said fluid playing then the role of float and compensating for the self-weight of the rigid structure of the sarcophagus receptacle 1.
- Said shell constituting the sarcophagus is advantageously constructed dry in a dock, then the sealed compartments 4 included inside the double walls 2 ⁇ , 2, 2a, 2b and 3, 3a, 3b are sealed. After filling the dock, the sarcophagus 1 floats and greatly exceeds the water level, due to the fact that said compartments 4 are filled with air. If there is a risk of instability at this stage, a temporary ballast is advantageously added in the lower part.
- the sarcophagus 1 is then towed to deep water where all of the compartments 4 constituting the buoyancy volumes, is filled with the buoyancy fluid, for example diesel fuel whose density is close to 0.85.
- the buoyancy volume is advantageously adjusted so that the sarcophagus is in equilibrium between two waters, the overall equilibrium possibly being provided by additional floats 19 capable of withstanding the bottom pressure, that is to say approximately 350 bars for 3500 m deep.
- Said additional floats 19 can be produced using syntactic foam, that is to say glass microspheres trapped in a binder of the epoxy or polyurethane resin type, but they advantageously consist of a rigid or flexible envelope filled a liquefied gas, for example butane or propane, as will be explained below.
- the sarcophagus 1 is then towed to the site, then, once on site, at least two, preferably four vessels 20 connect to the ends of the sarcophagus 1, in the following manner.
- Each of the ships 20 comprises a winch 12 ⁇ provided with a cable 12, preferably made of steel, the length of which is greater than the water depth, for example 130% of said water depth.
- the end of said cable 12 is connected to a length of heavy chain 13, for example 100 m of 6 "diameter chain, the end of said chain being connected to a reinforced beam 10 constituting a hooking element integral with the structure and overflowing from the sarcophagus 1, as explained in Figures 1 -4-5-8.
- the heavy chains 13 have a self-regulating effect during the descent of the sarcophagus towards the bottom of the sea 7 and their operation is explained in FIGS. 4, 4a and 4b.
- the cable 12 is in the intermediate position and forms a double chain curve, part of the chain weight 13 (F) being supported by the sarcophagus, the other portion of the chain being supported via the cable 12 directly by the surface ship 20.
- F chain weight 13
- the configuration of the chains 13 in double chain has a self-regulating effect on the position of the sarcophagus during the descent.
- the vessels 20 must remain at a substantially constant distance from the axis of the receptacle and preferably two vessels 20a and 20b connected to opposite hooking elements 10 (FIG. 1) must be located substantially in a vertical plane passing through the attachment points of the chains 13 on the beams 10 of the sarcophagus 1, which implies the advantageous use of ships with dynamic positioning using a radiolocation system of the GPS type.
- the descent of the sarcophagus 1 is carried out, preferably continuously up to a distance close to the wreck 6, for example up to 50 m from the bottom. Then, the sarcophagus is positioned at the axis of the wreck 6 and oriented in the right direction by simple movement of all of the surface vessels 20. Said movements of the ships 20 have a delayed effect from a few minutes to a few tens of minutes, on the corresponding movements of the sarcophagus located a few thousand meters below.
- adjustable thrusters 16 preferably at the ends of the structure, more particularly at the four corners of the ceiling, said thrusters 16 being powered by an umbilical 16 ⁇ of power and control connected to a ship 20 on the surface .
- 14- ⁇ winches are installed on the lateral peripheral walls of the sarcophagus, and, when said sarcophagus 1 is close to the wreck, a ROV 22, an automatic underwater vehicle piloted from the surface, connects cables 14 of said winches 14 ⁇ to an anchor 15 ⁇ , 15 2 pre-installed near the wreck, for example a suction anchor 15- ⁇ , or a dead body 15 2 .
- the heavy chains are rested on the bottom of the sea 7 as illustrated in FIG. 2, then the additional floats 19 are unhooked by means of the ROV 22, the latter then rise freely to the surface where they are recovered. Care is taken to equip each of them with an acoustic beacon, which makes it possible to follow their ascent using the sonars of ships 20 and to move the ships accordingly to avoid any collision when they surface.
- the sarcophagus 1 is then stable at the bottom, but its stability is further improved by recovering the cargo of buoyancy, for example diesel, as explained in Figure 2.
- a pipe 23 preferably flexible, preferably in configuration of S, to an orifice provided with an isolation valve 4 4 , located in the upper part of compartment 4, having taken care to open a valve 4 beforehand 5 located in the lower part of the same compartment 4 and allowing sea water to penetrate, as the buoyancy fluid rises to the surface.
- the upper valves 4 4 After emptying the buoyancy compartments 4, the upper valves 4 4 , at least, are closed and the sarcophagus then has its maximum weight which provides it with great stability, even in the event of large leaks at the wreck.
- the chains can be recovered, but if one wishes to improve the stability of the sarcophagus, the chains 13 are advantageously raised, which are suspended by their second end to the bracket already supporting the first end, or they are raised and simply placed on the roof of the sarcophagus, so that their entire weight contributes to the stabilization of said sarcophagus.
- the diesel fuel will advantageously be replaced by fresh water to play the role of buoyancy fluid.
- seawater having a density of approximately 1.026 on the surface and 1.045 towards 4000 m deep and at 3 ° C
- freshwater having a density of 1 in surface and from 1.016 to 4000 m deep and at 3 ° C
- the buoyancy provided by fresh water per m 3 thus varies from 26kgf at the surface to 29 kgf at 4000 m deep.
- the overall volume of the compartments 4 of the following example makes it possible to balance the gross self-weight of the structure of the sarcophagus described below.
- the overall volume of the compartments is 73,125 m3, which gives a buoyancy of 1,480 tonnes when filled with 75% fresh water.
- An additional buoyancy of 470 tonnes is installed in the form of floats distributed along the structure and the stabilizing chains for the descent consist of four identical lengths of chain each weighing 50 tonnes, each of them being installed at an angle of sarcophagus.
- a fluid having a lower density than fresh water for example diesel fuel
- the overall volume of the buoyancy compartments requires a distance between walls internal and external 2.5 m.
- the sarcophagus then represents a mass of 7,500 tonnes, that is to say a weight taken off in seawater of 6,300 tonnes.
- the overall volume of the compartments is 60,200 m3, which gives a buoyancy of 6,320 tonnes when they are filled to 70% with a 0.85 density fluid, for example diesel.
- a membrane located at mid-height makes it possible to confine a volume of fresh water of 126,000 m 3 , which provides an overall buoyancy of 3,400 tonnes and makes it possible to reduce as much the buoyancy of the compartments, especially in the case of the steel structure, therefore the volumes of diesel.
- This membrane 21 is mechanically fixed to the walls, for example using straps.
- an upper evacuation orifice 9 at the ceiling of the sarcophagus is advantageously open so that the fresh water can escape and the stability of the sarcophagus is optimal. After evacuation of the fresh water, said upper orifice 9 is closed so as to collect any leaks from the wreck.
- This same upper orifice 9 is advantageously used to recover the effluents 8 which escape from the wreck 6 over time, and come together in the upper part of the interior volume of the sarcophagus under its ceiling 3, 3a, 3b.
- the oil 8 advantageously accumulated since the previous intervention campaign is advantageously transferred, either by means of a pipe 23 connecting the upper orifice 9 to to a recovery vessel located on the surface, either by using a recovery device between the sarcophagus and the surface vessel, for example a device as described in patent application FR 2 804 935 or else a device of the shuttle type such as described in the unpublished European patent application No. 03 358 003.6.
- a hanger-type supporting structure consisting of metal or steel beams 24 assembled together by welding or buttoning, and there are incorporated watertight compartments, distributed from whether continuous or not, either on the side walls 2, 2a, 2b, or on the roof 3, 3a, 3b or in combination of the two.
- the entire structure is sealed against a fluid tending to escape naturally upwards, by cloths or membranes 25 fixed to the outside of the structure and against it in a sealed manner, way to collect all the leaks from the wreck and direct them to the top point where they will be stored while waiting to be recovered, either by means of a bottom-surface connection 23, either by means of recovery device or the shuttle as explained previously.
- the structure of the sarcophagus is made of lightened concrete 26, reinforced and prestressed, and comprises compartments 4 which are filled in the same manner as above, with a fluid of density lower than that of sea water.
- Concrete 26 is advantageously made from light aggregates, such as, for example, expanded clays, associated with high resistance mortars, which gives them excellent behavior at great depths. , even at depths of 3000 to 4000 m or more.
- expanded clays are substantially spherical in shape and have voids filled with air or gas, which gives them a low density; taken within a matrix made of high resistance mortar, it is the matrix itself which ensures the overall resistance.
- the entire walls of the concrete structure in contact with water are advantageously covered with a layer of paint of elastomer type, thus creating a sealing barrier. effective.
- This layer is advantageously also applied inside the buoyancy compartments integrated into the concrete structure, to minimize the migration of the buoyancy fluid to said aggregates.
- a fluid of very low density is used, which consequently reduces the overall volume of the buoyancy compartments.
- butane, propane, ammonia, or any other similar gaseous compound whose density in the liquid state is between 0.55 and 0.70. These compounds are gaseous at atmospheric pressure and at a temperature of 20 ° C, but liquefy when they are compressed to a few bars. It is thus very advantageous to use them as buoyancy fluid because their yield (buoyancy per m 3 of fluid) is much more advantageous than diesel or fresh water, but the filling of the compartments must be carried out in a particular way to avoid any risk of incident and accident.
- a bottom-surface connection 23 is installed, as already explained in FIG. 2, a connection which connects the upper orifice 4 4 of the compartments to the gas ship and which makes it possible to recover almost all of the gas cargo in a very short time, because the gas in liquid form is extremely fluid and the differential pressure between the bottom and the surface is very high, especially if the wreck is at a depth of 3000 or 4000 m.
- the sealed compartments are positioned and sized so as to comply with the rules of the art of shipbuilding, and in particular the so-called pa rule which consists in maintaining the center of vertical thrust due to buoyancy, above the center of gravity of the structure. It is customary to consider that for a value p-a> 1 m, the structure is considered to be stable and therefore does not risk overturning by pivoting about its axis XX '. To this end, it will be advantageous to add external floats 19 preferably located above the structure of the sarcophagus and, possibly, ballast at the bottom.
- the sarcophagus is provided, at each of its angles, with a post 40 fitted with a support sole 40 ⁇ , so that the structure does not not rest directly on the ground and remain apart, for example by two meters, to allow access, over the entire periphery, to the ROV 22 for inspection and intervention operations.
- intermediate posts 41 are advantageously installed on each of the faces, which during transport and the descent of the sarcophagus, are in the high retracted position 41a.
- the buoyancy being always maximum at the level of the additional compartments and floats, the apparent weight of the structure is low and said structure is able to resist.
- the ROV then intervenes on each of the legs and actuates the latches 42 to release the posts which, by their own weight, pass from the high retracted position 41a to the low deployed position 41b; the ROV then actuates the latches 42 again so as to make the said posts integral with the said sarcophagus structure.
- buoyancy compartments have been described with an upper orifice and a lower orifice fitted with an isolation valve, but we remain in the spirit of the invention if we consider compartments the lower part of which remains open, the buoyancy fluid remaining in place by the simple difference in density.
- a buoyancy compartment comprising a lower orifice equipped with a valve
- square openings 2 or 3 m wide are installed halfway up the side walls 2, 2a, 2b, 2- ⁇ , so as to facilitate access to the ROV 22 for the above-mentioned operations.
- These openings are advantageously closed, in normal times, by a hinged flap hinged and tightly locked, in order to avoid any loss of polluting products from the wreck.
- FIGS. 11a to 11d and 12 is shown a shuttle tank 32 of the type used to recover effluents from a wreck at the bottom of the sea by descent and ascent of said shuttle tank respectively empty and full between the surface and the bottom of the sea
- the shuttle tank 31 consists of a flexible and watertight side wall 34, for example made of high-resistance reinforced plasticized fabric, secured in the upper part of a dome 3 with circular horizontal section and with shaped vertical section profile.
- shell made of a resistant and rigid material, preferably of composite material, and integral in the lower part of a bottom 35, flat, solid, resistant and rigid, preferably circular, also preferably made of composite material, so as to represent a minimum apparent weight in water, while guaranteeing rigidity and extreme resistance.
- Said bottom 5 is pierced in its center with a main orifice 35 ⁇ and is equipped with a valve, preferably with full passage, for example of guillotine type, the latter being equipped with a flange.
- a valve 35 2 A complementary opening side with a smaller diameter is fitted with a valve 35 2 , thus allowing the exchange of sea water between the interior of the shuttle tank and the marine environment, and in particular when filling the tank with petroleum, sea water
- the dome 33 and the bottom 35 may have a diameter of 5 to 10 m, the dome 3 a height of 2 to 5 m and the side wall 4, once unfolded, a height of 10 to 50 m.
- the apparent weight in the water of the shuttle tank 32 is advantageously adjusted by incorporating buoyancy, for example syntactic foam 3 ⁇ , made of glass microspheres coated in epoxy, polyurethane resins, in the highest part of the dome 3. or others.
- buoyancy for example syntactic foam 3 ⁇ , made of glass microspheres coated in epoxy, polyurethane resins, in the highest part of the dome 3. or others.
- the shuttle tank 32 is lowered towards the wreck or tank 6, or even towards a sarcophagus 1 placed above a said wreck or tank, in the picked up position, and has a very low apparent weight in water and which can be adjusted in positive as in negative, which facilitates its installation directly by an ROV (automatic submarine piloted from the surface and equipped with manipulator arms).
- ROV automated submarine piloted from the surface and equipped with manipulator arms
- FIG. 11a illustrates the ascent of the shuttle tank 32 is controlled by a connecting cable 12, a portion of its lower portion 13 of which is made heavier, for example, by metal blocks 31 secured to said cable 30 by a crimp at 31 1 in a chain like beads on a cable.
- these pearls 31 have a cylindrical prismatic or revolutionary central body and, frustoconical ends such that when the cable is bent, said frustoconical ends of the two adjacent pearls then come into abutment one against the other at 31 2 , thus limiting the local radius of curvature to a value greater than RQ.
- the connecting cable 12 being hooked to the shuttle tank 2 on said first attachment point 36 in the lower part of the tank, descends downwards then deviates in an arc of a circle of radius R ⁇ , to finally go up vertically or in a chain configuration at a distance of approximately at least 2R 0 from the side wall 4 of said shuttle tank, thus avoiding any mechanical contact during the ascent, which avoids damaging it by friction.
- the buoyancy of the shuttle tank filled with hydrocarbons F v which corresponds to the buoyancy exerted on the tank and its cargo, is compensated by the weight of the cable up to the corresponding horizontal assice point to the pearl 31 1 , added to the weight of the pearls 31g between the reservoir and the lowest pearl 31 i, that is to say 8.5 pearls in FIG. 11a, the weight of the assembly P e then corresponding to an equilibrium of the system.
- Each of the pearls of the balancing device 30-31 then has a weight in water of approximately 1 ton.
- FIG. 11 b the upper end of the connecting cable 12, connected to a winch installed on board a surface vessel (not shown) is raised, which has the effect of bringing the pearl 31 g of the FIG. 11 in the low horizontal position, thereby reducing the number of beads weighing under the tank to 6.5 beads, the overall weight opposing the thrust Fv then being reduced to P-.
- the resultant F v + P- is then positive upwards and the shuttle reservoir can go up until the balance of forces in FIG. 10 is reached.
- the stabilization device has a stabilizing effect for raising the shuttle tank.
- the surface vessel moves excessively under the effect of the swell or deviates from the vertical of the position of the shuttle tank, the movements have an instantaneous effect only on the zone of the pearls surrounding the pearls 31 g to 31 k , the pearl 31 i corresponding to the average value of the oscillations.
- FIG. 12 represents a shuttle tank 32 installed vertically with an evacuation device 9 equipped with a valve provided on the upper wall of a sarcophagus 1 to which it is connected by a connection 50.
- a valve When the valve is in position open, it allows the passage of crude oil accumulated in said sarcophagus after having drained from the tanks of the ship 6. Thus, it can be collected in the shuttle tank, which can rise to the surface once filled and rupture of the link 50, the ascent at the surface, under the control of a device for stabilizing and controlling ascent and descent according to the invention.
- the sarcophagus 1 is equipped with a stabilization and control device according to the invention with connecting elements 12 made up of cables, the lower portion of which comprises metal blocks 31 in a chain.
- the device for controlling the descent or ascent of a heavy or massive structure has been described as consisting either of a cable provided with blocks or pearls crimped on said cable, or of chain with links modified so as to create by single stop between links, minimum radius of curvature Ro.
- said heavier portion of said connecting elements consists of a chain of heavier bars hinged together, so that the deformation of the chain of hinged bars creates the load imbalance, P + or P- with respect to the equilibrium load Pe, as described above with reference to FIGS. 11a, 11b and 11c, said bars advantageously having, at the joints, mechanical stops which make it possible to limit the curvature to a minimum value R 0 .
- FIG. 13 shows a heavy structure consisting of a device 1 for laying and anchoring a base 52 on the wall 54 of a tank and / or a wreck at the bottom of the sea.
- This device 1 comprises a support structure 54 consisting of a mechanically welded parallelepiped frame supporting itself:
- a 54 ⁇ drilling body comprising means for actuating in translation and in rotation a hole saw 55 which, through a corresponding opening provided in said base, allows to drill a large orifice in said wall 6 so as to allow the evacuation of a fluid contained in said tank, and
- - side carriages 56 comprising means for actuating in translation and in rotation hole saws 57 capable of drilling holes in said wall 6 to anchor the base 52 on said wall, the hole saws 57 moving through orifices 58 of said base.
- FIG. 13 represents the descent of a structure 1 consisting of an anchoring and drilling device controlled by a stabilization chain 12, 13 according to the invention and a buoyancy element 19.
- the lower left part of the base 52 is shown in section to view the cutting means 57 inside an orifice 58 provided in said base. .
- the device 1 is suspended by a link 59 from a buoyancy element 19.
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Abstract
Description
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Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP04742350A EP1606160B1 (fr) | 2003-03-26 | 2004-03-25 | Dispositif et procede de stabilisation et de controle de la descente ou remontee d'une structure lourde entre la surface et le fond de la mer |
DE602004004382T DE602004004382D1 (de) | 2003-03-26 | 2004-03-25 | Vorrichtung und verfahren für die stabilisierung und kontrolle der niedergang und des aufstiegs einer schweren struktur zwischen meeresoberfläche und meeresboden |
US10/550,263 US20070089656A1 (en) | 2003-03-26 | 2004-03-25 | Device and a method for stabilizing and controlling the lowering or raising of a structure between the surface and the bed of the sea |
Applications Claiming Priority (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0303969A FR2852917B1 (fr) | 2003-03-26 | 2003-03-26 | Receptacle a compartiments etanches et procede de mise en place pour recuperer des effluents polluants d'une epave |
FR03/03969 | 2003-03-26 | ||
EP03358019.2 | 2003-11-18 | ||
EP03358019A EP1449763B1 (fr) | 2003-02-21 | 2003-11-18 | Procédé et installation de récupération d'effluents en mer à l'aide d'un réservoir navette |
EP04358002.6 | 2004-02-26 | ||
EP04358002A EP1568600B1 (fr) | 2004-02-26 | 2004-02-26 | Dispositif et procédé d'ancrage d'une embase sur une paroi au fond de la mer |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2004087495A2 true WO2004087495A2 (fr) | 2004-10-14 |
WO2004087495A3 WO2004087495A3 (fr) | 2004-11-18 |
WO2004087495A8 WO2004087495A8 (fr) | 2005-07-07 |
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PCT/FR2004/000742 WO2004087495A2 (fr) | 2003-03-26 | 2004-03-25 | Dispositif et procede de stabilisation et de controle de la descente ou remontee d’une structure lourde entre la surface et le fond de la mer |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US20070089656A1 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP1606160B1 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE602004004382D1 (fr) |
ES (1) | ES2280032T3 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2004087495A2 (fr) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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WO2005038145A3 (fr) * | 2003-10-13 | 2005-07-21 | Technip France | Procede et dispositif de recuperation du petrole d'un reservoir dispose sur un fond marin, notamment d'une epave |
FR2913228A1 (fr) * | 2007-03-02 | 2008-09-05 | Saipem S A Sa | Dispositif de decoupe et ouverture/fermeture d'un orifice dans une paroi au fond de la mer |
Families Citing this family (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US7481173B2 (en) * | 2004-06-23 | 2009-01-27 | Sbm-Imodco, Inc. | Floating lowering and lifting device |
FR2960903B1 (fr) * | 2010-06-08 | 2013-06-21 | Christian Jean Henri Bride | Systeme d'arret de fuite de petrole et/ou de gaz en milieu sous-marin ou sous-lacustre avec recuperation totale du petrole fuyant et/ou du gaz fuyant |
NO20101173A1 (no) * | 2010-08-23 | 2012-02-13 | Oil Well Closure And Prot As | Offshorestruktur |
US20120325489A1 (en) * | 2011-04-27 | 2012-12-27 | Bp Corporation North America Inc. | Apparatus and methods for use in establishing and/or maintaining controlled flow of hydrocarbons during subsea operations |
US8778259B2 (en) | 2011-05-25 | 2014-07-15 | Gerhard B. Beckmann | Self-renewing cutting surface, tool and method for making same using powder metallurgy and densification techniques |
NO341496B1 (no) | 2014-01-03 | 2017-11-27 | Subsea Logistics As | Undersjøisk lagringsenhet og -system, og fremgangsmåte |
CN107010186B (zh) * | 2017-03-24 | 2018-11-13 | 中国船舶科学研究中心(中国船舶重工集团公司第七0二研究所) | 一种深海高压干式维修装置 |
KR20210124808A (ko) * | 2020-04-07 | 2021-10-15 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | 히트 펌프 시스템용 온수 탱크 및 이의 제어 방법 |
CN112960073B (zh) * | 2021-02-02 | 2022-08-30 | 湖北脉辉金茂机械有限公司 | 远洋船体搬运升降装置 |
CN115027621B (zh) * | 2022-06-20 | 2023-09-19 | 广州海运渤船舶工程有限公司 | 一种全海深目标打捞着陆器 |
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US2975807A (en) * | 1953-10-29 | 1961-03-21 | Waninger Gilbert | Supply conveying means |
FR1448159A (fr) * | 1965-06-18 | 1966-01-28 | Chaîne marine élastique oscillante pour l'ancrage de bateaux et câbles sous-marins | |
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US4284110A (en) * | 1977-06-15 | 1981-08-18 | Frances K. Divelbiss | Apparatus for transfer of fluent materials from one container to another |
US4793275A (en) * | 1983-11-07 | 1988-12-27 | David Usher | Marine hazardous off-loading system |
DE29511934U1 (de) * | 1995-07-24 | 1995-09-28 | Vernaleken, Christoph, 36132 Eiterfeld | Vorrichtung zur Bergung von Schiffen und sonstigen Objekten aus Gewässern |
FR2804935A1 (fr) * | 2000-02-11 | 2001-08-17 | Bouygues Offshore | Procede et installation de recuperation d'effluents en mer |
FR2839110A1 (fr) * | 2002-04-29 | 2003-10-31 | Technip Coflexip | Systeme de colonne montante reliant une installation sous-marine fixe a une unite de surface flottante |
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US3807334A (en) * | 1973-09-17 | 1974-04-30 | Us Navy | Motion compensating device for surface supported underwater structures |
SE411032B (sv) * | 1976-02-11 | 1979-11-26 | Soderberg Gunnar | Ankartillsats |
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FR2620413A1 (fr) * | 1987-09-10 | 1989-03-17 | Seamet International | Element constitutif d'une ligne d'ancrage catenaire, ligne d'ancrage comportant un tel element, et dispositif et procede de mise en oeuvre de cette ligne d'ancrage |
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2004
- 2004-03-25 EP EP04742350A patent/EP1606160B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-03-25 DE DE602004004382T patent/DE602004004382D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-03-25 US US10/550,263 patent/US20070089656A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2004-03-25 WO PCT/FR2004/000742 patent/WO2004087495A2/fr active IP Right Grant
- 2004-03-25 ES ES04742350T patent/ES2280032T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
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US1854026A (en) * | 1930-03-29 | 1932-04-12 | Gamba Marine Salvage Corp | Salvaging apparatus |
US2975807A (en) * | 1953-10-29 | 1961-03-21 | Waninger Gilbert | Supply conveying means |
FR1448159A (fr) * | 1965-06-18 | 1966-01-28 | Chaîne marine élastique oscillante pour l'ancrage de bateaux et câbles sous-marins | |
FR2291903A1 (fr) * | 1974-11-20 | 1976-06-18 | Boyce 2 William | Abri sous-marin pour isoler de la masse d'eau environnante une zone du fond et le volume de liquide couvrant cette zone |
US4284110A (en) * | 1977-06-15 | 1981-08-18 | Frances K. Divelbiss | Apparatus for transfer of fluent materials from one container to another |
US4793275A (en) * | 1983-11-07 | 1988-12-27 | David Usher | Marine hazardous off-loading system |
DE29511934U1 (de) * | 1995-07-24 | 1995-09-28 | Vernaleken, Christoph, 36132 Eiterfeld | Vorrichtung zur Bergung von Schiffen und sonstigen Objekten aus Gewässern |
FR2804935A1 (fr) * | 2000-02-11 | 2001-08-17 | Bouygues Offshore | Procede et installation de recuperation d'effluents en mer |
FR2839110A1 (fr) * | 2002-04-29 | 2003-10-31 | Technip Coflexip | Systeme de colonne montante reliant une installation sous-marine fixe a une unite de surface flottante |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2005038145A3 (fr) * | 2003-10-13 | 2005-07-21 | Technip France | Procede et dispositif de recuperation du petrole d'un reservoir dispose sur un fond marin, notamment d'une epave |
FR2913228A1 (fr) * | 2007-03-02 | 2008-09-05 | Saipem S A Sa | Dispositif de decoupe et ouverture/fermeture d'un orifice dans une paroi au fond de la mer |
WO2008116997A1 (fr) * | 2007-03-02 | 2008-10-02 | Saipem S.A. | Dispositif de decoupe et ouverture/fermeture d'un orifice dans une paroi au fond de la mer |
US8186294B2 (en) | 2007-03-02 | 2012-05-29 | Saipem S.A. | Device for cutting out and opening/closing an orifice in a wall at the bottom of the sea |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20070089656A1 (en) | 2007-04-26 |
WO2004087495A8 (fr) | 2005-07-07 |
DE602004004382D1 (de) | 2007-03-08 |
EP1606160B1 (fr) | 2007-01-17 |
WO2004087495A3 (fr) | 2004-11-18 |
ES2280032T3 (es) | 2007-09-01 |
EP1606160A2 (fr) | 2005-12-21 |
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