WO2004085688A2 - Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung von massgenauem schaum - Google Patents
Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung von massgenauem schaum Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2004085688A2 WO2004085688A2 PCT/EP2004/003183 EP2004003183W WO2004085688A2 WO 2004085688 A2 WO2004085688 A2 WO 2004085688A2 EP 2004003183 W EP2004003183 W EP 2004003183W WO 2004085688 A2 WO2004085688 A2 WO 2004085688A2
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- mold
- foam
- metal
- metal foam
- controlled
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/12—Both compacting and sintering
- B22F3/1208—Containers or coating used therefor
- B22F3/1216—Container composition
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/10—Sintering only
- B22F3/11—Making porous workpieces or articles
- B22F3/1121—Making porous workpieces or articles by using decomposable, meltable or sublimatable fillers
- B22F3/1125—Making porous workpieces or articles by using decomposable, meltable or sublimatable fillers involving a foaming process
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2999/00—Aspects linked to processes or compositions used in powder metallurgy
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for producing dimensionally accurate metal foam from foamable, powder-metallurgically produced semi-finished metal with a melting point> 200 ° C. and devices for its implementation.
- foam from a suitable foamable material is known for plastics, natural materials, glasses and also metal-containing materials.
- This known method can only work with pressures that are applied to the top layers and problems arise with uneven heating of the mold, which results in an uneven foam pattern and non-dimensionally accurate foams, which in particular with larger foam parts leads to instabilities of the foam and thus break points, weakening points, etc. . leads.
- the expansion coefficients mean that large dimensional changes take place during cooling, which negatively influence the dimensional accuracy and the cooling behavior of the metal foam.
- Known molds or molds require a lot of energy to heat them, which means that cooling is slow and causes long cycle times in production.
- the cooling can also lead to material problems with metal foam if composites are to be foamed and if it is left in a fluid state for too long, undesirable reactions or dissolutions such as segregation phenomena occur.
- Another problem is that in the known foaming processes in ovens, the foamable material foams uncontrolled due to an uncontrolled heat distribution in the mold and thus does not provide a satisfactory pore distribution.
- metal foam is also understood to mean bodies which essentially consist of metal foam, but which contain non-foamed reinforcing elements, such as wires, grids, sheets or threads, filaments, whiskers, fastening elements such as screw bushings, hollow bodies such as non-foamed pipes.
- non-foamed reinforcing elements such as wires, grids, sheets or threads, filaments, whiskers, fastening elements such as screw bushings, hollow bodies such as non-foamed pipes.
- the invention relates in particular to thermally at high temperatures, above 200 ° C., preferably above 300 ° C. and also to metal foams made of metal, metal composites or the like, which are foamed via blowing agents.
- the foams can preferably be used as firm but light building materials.
- Such lightweight materials are used in the construction sector as facing elements, load-bearing elements of low weight; in vehicle technology, such as aircraft, automobile and shipbuilding, but also as insulation panels or protective panels against mechanical or thermal effects (fire-retardant components).
- Metal foam is understood here to mean a foamed product that has defined external dimensions.
- the process can be carried out very advantageously with foamable materials with a melting point above 200 ° C., preferably above 300 ° C. and also with melting points above 500 ° C.
- Suitable molding materials are ceramic or glass-like materials or also composite materials, such as fiber-reinforced composites, such as fiber-reinforced ceramics, glass or carbon, which are highly heat-permeable and meet the requirements for a low expansion coefficient with increased resistance to pressure and tension. It is also possible to cool the molds quickly, as the low expansion coefficient prevents damage that could occur due to greater warping when cooling conventional molds.
- the method can also be carried out continuously. Open molds are used on both sides, whereby foamable material is continuously introduced into the mold / mold, the mold / mold is irradiated in a controlled area in a controlled manner and the foamable material is heated and foamed in this way; whereby and on the other side according to the shape - for example the mold shape, the metal foam comes out again like a strand of foam.
- the process can be supported by separating material if the material to be foamed adheres strongly to the mold - for example, by letting film-like separating material, such as Al 2 0 3 or ZrO 2 -containing foils or graphite foils with aluminum foams, or by covering the foamable material with release material foils or coating with a high-temperature size, such as silicate sizes - suitable release agents are known to the person skilled in the art.
- film-like separating material such as Al 2 0 3 or ZrO 2 -containing foils or graphite foils with aluminum foams
- release material foils or coating with a high-temperature size such as silicate sizes - suitable release agents are known to the person skilled in the art.
- the shape is at least partially diathermanic.
- Diatherman is generally understood to mean material which is transparent to heat radiation, here in the range from approx. 760 to 5000 nm transparent to radiation.
- Suitable radiation devices are, for example, in the range from 760 to 5000 nm, or emitters emitting only certain wavelengths, such as glow plugs, Nemst pins, SIC rods, LEDs, CO 2 - CO, diodes, Nd / Yag, semiconductors - or color laser. Their energy output can be regulated quickly and easily by regulating the supply current or using filters.
- the mold is preferably thin-walled. This is advantageous because it avoids wasting thermal energy to heat a mold with a high heat capacity and its cooling behavior is faster - which prevents segregation of composite foams, enables longer cycle times and more precise control of the thermal energy acting on the material to be foamed.
- it can have a wall thickness of 1-20 mm and particularly preferably a thickness of 2-10 mm.
- it may be sensible to mechanically support them locally from the outside by means of supports or supports in order to avoid bending or breaking the mold / mold in the case of heavy metal foams or large parts and to ensure dimensional accuracy.
- Supports lattice or honeycomb constructions, which have as little contact surface as possible and have low thermal conductivity and thermal expansion coefficients and take up little thermal energy, can be used as suitable carriers so as not to disturb the heating profile. It is particularly advantageous if the supports can be controlled in order to compensate for unevenness in the mold or thermal expansion of the supports themselves.
- the mold can be charged with a suitable gas - even under excess pressure.
- An inert gas is typically used under a pressure which is not too high in the range of below approximately 5 bar. This allows foaming of base Metals and their alloys or composites with the same, such as Zn, Ni, Al, Mg, Ca, Ni, Fe, Sn, take place.
- Metal powder mixtures can also noble metal, copper-beryllium, tungsten, titanium, steel, Si and their alloys and mixtures, if necessary with additives such as hard materials, fibers and blowing agents for the production of metal foams, such as hydrides or carbonates of metals - for example TiH2 , ZnH2, MgH2, CaCO3 etc., as are known to the person skilled in the field of metal foam production.
- these are gases which release gases at higher temperatures, preferably those which form in the foam metal with the formation of alloys after the gas has been split off be included.
- Typical metal foam materials are those which predominantly have Al, Be, Mg, Si, Cu, Zn, Ti, Sn, Pb, lead, brass, bronze etc.
- the method according to the invention can also be used to process alloys that cannot be produced by melt metallurgy.
- Titanium alloys such as TiAl, TiAINb, certain magnesium or beryllium alloys, as are known to the person skilled in the art, are typical.
- Composites and glasses can also be used.
- Typical metal alloys susceptible to oxidation are - but in no way limited to, those of Mg, Ca, Al, Zn, Fe, Sn. Foaming under normal atmosphere is possible, leads to thicker walls of the pores, larger pores and generally lower porosities that can be achieved than in the case of the protective atmosphere.
- the variant of the normal atmosphere which is cheaper due to the saving of expensive gases, should preferably be used with metals which are not particularly susceptible to oxidation, as with some Al alloys.
- the foamable material can also be foamable plastic or foamable semi-finished metal - such as powder-metallurgically cold-compacted, hot- or hot-compacted, and also extruded mixtures of metal powder with blowing agents, such as metal hydrides, for example TiH 2 , ZrH2 2 , MgH 2 , carbonates, nitrides, hydrogen carbonates, mixtures of Oxides with carbon, as they are known to the person skilled in the art.
- These starting materials can also be molded into the mold together with reinforcing elements or structural elements, such as hooks, screw sleeves or the like, as well as reinforcement parts - nets, filaments, threads, or else or mold can be introduced in order to obtain a decorative or protective coating of the metal foam part or to fasten connection components therein.
- the final spatial arrangement of these reinforcement parts or coatings can be secured in the form by preferably consumable holding elements If it is closed, the mold can particularly preferably be closed in a gas-tight manner and has a pressure relief valve and a gas inlet and outlet.
- the mold is open at least on one side and is foamed in a mold that is open on one side.
- the parts produced in this way have at least one foam-free, geometrically interesting surface, while the other surfaces are shaped with dimensional accuracy.
- a controlled gas atmosphere can be set and maintained in the mold.
- the closed mold should withstand a gas pressure between 2 and 5 bar.
- a change in pressure can also be carried out during foaming - in which case, if the gas pressure in the foaming material is suddenly reduced, metal foam with fine and more uniform pores is produced.
- the atmosphere in the mold during foaming can be adjusted both with regard to its composition and preferably with regard to the pressure prevailing in the mold during foaming.
- Suitable gas - if oxidation only plays a subordinate role - inexpensive air - it can also be used with inert gas, such as noble gas or any other gas that does not react to any appreciable extent with the material to be foamed - e.g. nitrogen or argon ,
- inert gas such as noble gas or any other gas that does not react to any appreciable extent with the material to be foamed - e.g. nitrogen or argon
- a gas reaction with metal foam components is desired - for example the formation of
- the mold is at least partially diathermanic and the mold or mold content can be specifically heated and foamed locally by controlled radiation.
- a suitable laser with emission wavelengths in the range of around 3000 nm or corresponding other thermal emitters with a high proportion of radiation in the wavelength range between approximately 760-5000 nm is preferred.
- the mold or mold material with a release agent suitable for the material to be foamed - this can be done either by coating the mold or by laying on layers of foil - such as fiber mats or material foils, such as metal foils.
- the release material can also be applied directly to the foamable material in film form.
- the release agent is not always necessary, but avoids reactions between the metal foam material and the mold, creates a structural surface with a smooth mold surface and can enable the metal foam to move relative to the mold in a release film.
- the heat radiation is generated by controllable radiators, since foaming can thus be started in a targeted manner and, for example, areas of the mold which are intended to produce a greater metal foam thickness are supplied with correspondingly higher thermal energy.
- a single radiation source such as a laser, with a corresponding beam distribution can also be used.
- the radiation emission from the emitters is preferably monitored by suitably arranged sensors and controlled in accordance with the measurement signals emitted by them. In this way, a predetermined heating profile can be set and carried out in order to specifically control pore distribution and foaming. This is particularly important in the production of products with an uneven thickness or density, since a targeted foaming front must be achieved in order to obtain a product with the desired pore distribution without undesired gas inclusions.
- the mold is open on both sides and the foamable material in the open mold is heated and expanded in a controlled manner by radiation, while the foamable material is introduced continuously - preferably with a separating film - into the open mold becomes.
- 1 shows a schematic representation of the method steps
- 2 shows a perspective partial view of an arrangement which can be used according to the invention for carrying out the method
- Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a continuous process.
- FIG. 4 shows a representation of foaming in open form.
- Fig. 5 is an illustration of a mold for the production of angular elements
- meltable metals such as nickel, tin, aluminum, magnesium, silicon, titanium, metal alloys, can also be produced by this process like bronze; Glass or glasses, meltable plastics are foamed at high temperatures.
- the ceramic box mold is treated with release agent before the zinc semi-finished product is introduced.
- the mold is then evacuated, gassed with argon and an excess pressure of 2 bar is set in the mold.
- Optically aligned radiation with an emission wave maximum in the range of 3000 - 5000 nm - is - according to a previously performed pyrometer measurement of the radiation profile - on the diathermic mold surfaces according to the predetermined heat profile with foaming of the foamable material.
- the heat radiation is switched off and the mold is quickly cooled by air circulation using a fan.
- the finished foamed zinc foam sheet is removed from the mold.
- the sheet produced in this way had a very high level of shape retention and uniform foam quality.
- a closable diathermic mold 10 made of Y 2 0 3 ceramics with a square floor plan with a wall thickness of 1 cm and an area of 1 mx 1m inserted and this closed.
- the lower mold or mold surface is evenly supported on its underside by pin-like supports 18 in order to avoid deformation thereof when the heavy metal is introduced.
- Thermal radiation from burners 16 with an emission maximum in the range of more than 3000 nm is now controlled via a measuring field - evenly directed onto the lower and upper mold or mold surface, whereby the foamable material heats, foams and fills the mold.
- the temperature of the material when foaming is approximately 600 ° C.
- the mold or mold material is protected by a graphite-containing film, which is applied to the mold or mold surfaces before the semi-finished product is introduced. Foaming takes place here without protective gas. Then the mold is opened and the foamed aluminum foam plate is removed. The plate had high dimensional accuracy and even pore distribution.
- Example 4 The process was carried out as in Example 2, the mold 10 being held during the foaming under an N2 excess pressure of 2.5 bar during the foaming.
- the molded part thus obtained had smaller pores and thinner pore walls. It has been found that the pore size and wall thickness of the resulting metal foam can be controlled via the internal mold pressure and the type of gas present during foaming.
- Example 4
- An angled shape which consists at least partially of a diathermic ceramic material (see schematic illustration in FIG. 4), is coated with carbon 12 and then foamable material 14 is introduced into it. The further foaming takes place as described in Example 2.
- a box-like shape, as shown in FIG. 4, with a bottom surface made of diothermic ceramic is uniformly heated by flat radiators 16 with an emission wavelength maximum at 3050 nm.
- Cold-compacted semi-finished parts 14 made of AISi10Mg1 with 0.4% TiH2 were placed on copper foil 12. The result is a foam part with precise, copper-based base and side surfaces, while the surface has a geometrically freely foamed, optically appealing shape made of aluminum alloy. Parts of this type are suitable, for example, if a freely foamed surface of the finished component is not bothersome or desirable and the effort of closing the mold can be avoided.
- a ceramic open-ended mold with an expansion coefficient of 0.5 K 1 is continuously charged on one side with release agent-coated foamable material 14 of an aluminum alloy with TiH2 as a blowing agent. Thermal radiation is introduced in a controlled, uneven manner on a predetermined surface of the mold 10 and the foaming process is thus started and completed.
- the foaming metal now foaming the space between the molding or Kokillendeckel and mold or mold base ausywöbei the metal foam surface ever by ⁇ release film is covered by the form sticking to protect the metal foam, cool during transport from and leaves the mold on the other side.
- the continuously emerging foam product can then be further treated in the desired manner with a separating film, for example by a water jet. Laser or the like can be cut to the desired lengths.
- the mold or mold itself can also be guided past a corresponding radiation field together with the material to be foamed.
- a Mg powder mixture with 9% Al, 1% Zn + 1% TiH2 was cold isostatically compacted and then extruded at 400 C into long profiles 20x5 mm.
- the foamable semi-finished product thus produced was placed in a closable two-part mold made of graphite and heated to 650 ° C. in a water-cooled infrared oven. The interior of the infrared oven and the mold were flushed with argon gas during heating. The temperature of the mold was measured and controlled. The IR radiation led to high heating rates (up to approx. 15 K / s), whereby the foaming temperature of 650 C was not exceeded. After the IR heater was switched off, it cooled rapidly.
- the finished Mg foam has excellent dimensional accuracy and a uniform, fine-pored structure.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
- Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Polyurethanes Or Polyureas (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE502004002861T DE502004002861D1 (de) | 2003-03-25 | 2004-03-25 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung von massgenauem schaum |
CA002519964A CA2519964A1 (en) | 2003-03-25 | 2004-03-25 | Method and device for producing dimensionally accurate foam |
JP2006504866A JP4278682B2 (ja) | 2003-03-25 | 2004-03-25 | 寸法の正確な発泡体の製造方法および製造装置 |
EP04723198A EP1608476B1 (de) | 2003-03-25 | 2004-03-25 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung von massgenauem schaum |
US10/550,616 US7754140B2 (en) | 2003-03-25 | 2004-03-25 | Method and device for producing dimensionally accurate foam |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10313321.6 | 2003-03-25 | ||
DE10313321A DE10313321B3 (de) | 2003-03-25 | 2003-03-25 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von maßgenauem Schaum |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2004085688A2 true WO2004085688A2 (de) | 2004-10-07 |
WO2004085688A3 WO2004085688A3 (de) | 2004-12-29 |
Family
ID=32520169
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2004/003183 WO2004085688A2 (de) | 2003-03-25 | 2004-03-25 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung von massgenauem schaum |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7754140B2 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1608476B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP4278682B2 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE353260T1 (de) |
CA (1) | CA2519964A1 (de) |
DE (2) | DE10313321B3 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2280953T3 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2004085688A2 (de) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2007128374A1 (de) * | 2006-05-04 | 2007-11-15 | Alulight International Gmbh | Verfahren zur herstellung von verbundkörpern sowie danach hergestellte verbundkörper |
Families Citing this family (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102004054961A1 (de) * | 2004-11-13 | 2006-05-18 | Wilhelm Karmann Gmbh | Vorrichtung zum Aufschäumen von metallischen Halbzeugen mit zumindest einer aufschäumbaren Lage |
US8932965B1 (en) | 2008-07-30 | 2015-01-13 | International Textile Group, Inc. | Camouflage pattern with extended infrared reflectance separation |
US10433593B1 (en) | 2009-08-21 | 2019-10-08 | Elevate Textiles, Inc. | Flame resistant fabric and garment |
US8209785B2 (en) | 2010-02-09 | 2012-07-03 | International Textile Group, Inc. | Flame resistant fabric made from a fiber blend |
US8793814B1 (en) | 2010-02-09 | 2014-08-05 | International Textile Group, Inc. | Flame resistant fabric made from a fiber blend |
JP5729293B2 (ja) | 2011-12-26 | 2015-06-03 | カシオ計算機株式会社 | 立体画像形成方法及び立体画像形成装置 |
JP5622183B2 (ja) | 2011-12-28 | 2014-11-12 | カシオ計算機株式会社 | 立体画像形成方法及び立体画像形成装置 |
US10450667B2 (en) | 2014-10-27 | 2019-10-22 | International Business Machines Corporation | System for treating solution for use in electroplating application and method for treating solution for use in electroplating application |
DE102015114500A1 (de) * | 2015-06-03 | 2016-12-08 | HAVEL metal foam GmbH | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Metallschaumverbundkörpern und Metallschaumverbundkörper |
EP3653740A4 (de) * | 2017-07-14 | 2020-12-30 | Japan Science and Technology Agency | Verfahren zur herstellung von metallschaum und vorrichtung zur herstellung von metallschaum |
DE102017119371A1 (de) * | 2017-08-24 | 2019-02-28 | Thermprotec Gmbh | Herstellung von Blähsand mit NIR |
JP7025013B2 (ja) * | 2018-04-24 | 2022-02-24 | 国立大学法人群馬大学 | 発泡金属の製造方法 |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US5255729A (en) * | 1991-11-20 | 1993-10-26 | Cook Arnold J | Matched CTE casting for metal matrix composites |
DE19954755A1 (de) * | 1999-11-15 | 2001-05-17 | Schunk Sintermetalltechnik Gmb | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Aufschäumen eines metallischen Werkstoffes |
US20020127425A1 (en) * | 1998-04-09 | 2002-09-12 | Mepura Metallpulvergesellschaft Mbh Ranshofen | Process for producing foamed metal moldings and foamed metal moldings |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US2983597A (en) * | 1959-06-11 | 1961-05-09 | Lor Corp | Metal foam and method for making |
JPH10158760A (ja) | 1996-12-05 | 1998-06-16 | Toa Steel Co Ltd | 発泡体の製造方法 |
DE19753658C2 (de) | 1997-12-03 | 2000-07-20 | Fraunhofer Ges Forschung | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Bauteils, das eine aus einem duktilen Material gebildete Materiallage aufweist, sowie eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens und ein Bauteil, hergestellt nach einem derartigen Verfahren |
AT406558B (de) | 1998-05-27 | 2000-06-26 | Illichmann Gmbh Leichtmetallgu | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum herstellen von metallschaumteilen |
DE19912618C2 (de) * | 1999-03-22 | 2002-06-27 | Meleghy Hydroforming Gmbh & Co | Bauteil mit partieller Verstärkung und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung |
JP4176975B2 (ja) | 2001-06-18 | 2008-11-05 | 神鋼鋼線工業株式会社 | 発泡金属の製造方法 |
-
2003
- 2003-03-25 DE DE10313321A patent/DE10313321B3/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2004
- 2004-03-25 DE DE502004002861T patent/DE502004002861D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-03-25 AT AT04723198T patent/ATE353260T1/de active
- 2004-03-25 WO PCT/EP2004/003183 patent/WO2004085688A2/de active Application Filing
- 2004-03-25 EP EP04723198A patent/EP1608476B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-03-25 ES ES04723198T patent/ES2280953T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-03-25 US US10/550,616 patent/US7754140B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-03-25 JP JP2006504866A patent/JP4278682B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-03-25 CA CA002519964A patent/CA2519964A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US5255729A (en) * | 1991-11-20 | 1993-10-26 | Cook Arnold J | Matched CTE casting for metal matrix composites |
US20020127425A1 (en) * | 1998-04-09 | 2002-09-12 | Mepura Metallpulvergesellschaft Mbh Ranshofen | Process for producing foamed metal moldings and foamed metal moldings |
DE19954755A1 (de) * | 1999-11-15 | 2001-05-17 | Schunk Sintermetalltechnik Gmb | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Aufschäumen eines metallischen Werkstoffes |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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SIMANCIK F ET AL: "EFFECT OF FOAMING PARAMETERS ON THE PORE SIZE" METAL FOAMS AND POROUS METAL STRUCTURES, XX, XX, 1999, Seiten 105-108, XP009034573 * |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2007128374A1 (de) * | 2006-05-04 | 2007-11-15 | Alulight International Gmbh | Verfahren zur herstellung von verbundkörpern sowie danach hergestellte verbundkörper |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1608476B1 (de) | 2007-02-07 |
JP2006521467A (ja) | 2006-09-21 |
DE502004002861D1 (de) | 2007-03-22 |
CA2519964A1 (en) | 2004-10-07 |
WO2004085688A3 (de) | 2004-12-29 |
US20070158877A1 (en) | 2007-07-12 |
ES2280953T3 (es) | 2007-09-16 |
ATE353260T1 (de) | 2007-02-15 |
US7754140B2 (en) | 2010-07-13 |
JP4278682B2 (ja) | 2009-06-17 |
DE10313321B3 (de) | 2004-07-15 |
EP1608476A2 (de) | 2005-12-28 |
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