WO2004078645A1 - 合成ガスの製造方法、合成ガスを用いたジメチルエーテルの製造方法及び合成ガス製造炉 - Google Patents
合成ガスの製造方法、合成ガスを用いたジメチルエーテルの製造方法及び合成ガス製造炉 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2004078645A1 WO2004078645A1 PCT/JP2004/002795 JP2004002795W WO2004078645A1 WO 2004078645 A1 WO2004078645 A1 WO 2004078645A1 JP 2004002795 W JP2004002795 W JP 2004002795W WO 2004078645 A1 WO2004078645 A1 WO 2004078645A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
- C01B3/32—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air
- C01B3/34—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents
- C01B3/38—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C29/00—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring
- C07C29/16—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring by oxo-reaction combined with reduction
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
- C01B3/32—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air
- C01B3/34—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents
- C01B3/38—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts
- C01B3/386—Catalytic partial combustion
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C41/00—Preparation of ethers; Preparation of compounds having groups, groups or groups
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C41/00—Preparation of ethers; Preparation of compounds having groups, groups or groups
- C07C41/01—Preparation of ethers
- C07C41/09—Preparation of ethers by dehydration of compounds containing hydroxy groups
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C43/00—Ethers; Compounds having groups, groups or groups
- C07C43/02—Ethers
- C07C43/03—Ethers having all ether-oxygen atoms bound to acyclic carbon atoms
- C07C43/04—Saturated ethers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/02—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/025—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a partial oxidation step
- C01B2203/0261—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a partial oxidation step containing a catalytic partial oxidation step [CPO]
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/06—Integration with other chemical processes
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing a synthesis gas containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide as a main component by reforming a gas generated by partial combustion of hydrocarbons with a catalyst, and a method for producing dimethyl ether using the synthesis gas. It is about the method.
- Synthesis gas containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide is used as a raw material for FT synthesis, methanol synthesis, and ammonia synthesis.
- This synthesis gas is produced from various organic compounds, and the production method of the synthesis gas is known to include a reaction with steam and Z or carbon dioxide, a partial oxidation reaction with oxygen and / or air, and the like.
- (1) a method of reacting steam and / or carbon dioxide with a shelf compound under a high temperature catalyst, and (2) a method of partially converting an organic compound with oxygen and / or air.
- a method is used in which oxidization generates heat, which is then mixed with steam and Z or carbon dioxide and reacted with a tentacle.
- a method combining (1) and (2) is used.
- the compound has a high temperature at a high temperature to form carbon on the catalyst, so that an upper limit temperature exists.
- the method (2) it is considered that the lower the value of ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ is, the better the organic compound consumed as a heat source as soon as the heat generated by the oxygen is as much as possible.
- a reaction occurs in which carbon is generated on the catalyst from the generated carbon monoxide. Therefore, there is a minimum temperature.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a method for reacting carbon dioxide gas and Z or steam with an unreacted carbon-containing organic compound in a high-temperature mixed gas. Discloses a method using a catalyst having a suppressed carbon deposition activity.
- Patent Document 2 discloses that a high-performance catalyst for syngas production by a methane reforming reaction is dispersed, and a metal compound selected from at least one of platinum group metals is loaded on the catalyst in a specified amount or It is disclosed that a highly active methane reforming catalyst can be obtained by mixing and denaturing.
- Patent Document 3 discloses that the generation ⁇ is set to about 100 to 190 ° C.
- Carbon dioxide contained in the raw material gas inhibits the reaction and adversely affects the production. In addition, circulating a large amount of carbon dioxide in the reaction system increases equipment costs and costs. It is not preferable in strike.
- the reaction SJt tends to be at a high temperature in order not to leave unreacted organic compounds and hydrogen carbide, which is an intermediate product.
- High temperatures can be obtained by burning fuel, but energy efficiency is reduced because the rate at which the raw materials that turn into CO and heat are increased is increased. It is conceivable to lower the reaction temperature to increase energy efficiency.
- hydrocarbons such as methane and acetylene will be included in the product gas. Residual methane reduces the reactivity of downstream syngas utilization processes, leaving residual acetylene difficult to compress the syngas and creates explosive acetylides in the plant system, which can cause danger. become.
- the present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and a method for producing a synthesis gas that does not contain hydrocarbons in the produced synthesis gas and that reduces the concentration of carbon dioxide in the synthesis gas.
- the purpose is to make the dimethyl ether production method used. Means to solve
- the outlet of the catalyst layer is set at 110 ° C. to 130 ° C., no soot is generated even if the hydrogen Z—carbon oxide ratio is reduced. As a result, the amount of carbon oxide can be reduced. The degree can be reduced to 10 V o 1% or less. With LPG fuel, the concentration of carbon dioxide in the product gas can be reduced to 5 V o 1%. Also, since the catalyst works efficiently at high temperatures, expensive catalysts containing rare metals are not required, and the amount of catalyst is small. Furthermore, by setting the gas residence time upstream of the contact to 2 seconds or more, the leakage at the contact leak is suppressed.
- the present invention has been made based on the above findings, and has the following features.
- a gas generated by partial combustion of hydrocarbons is reformed by a catalyst using a synthesis gas generator having a catalyst layer provided therein, and hydrogen and carbon monoxide are reformed.
- the concentration of carbon dioxide in the produced synthesis gas is set to 10% or less, with the outlet of the catalyst being 110 to 130. Is characterized by the following.
- the invention described in claim 2 is characterized in that the gas residence time upstream of the catalyst is 2 seconds or more.
- the invention described in claim 3 is characterized in that the synthesis gas is rapidly cooled to 600 ° C. or less immediately after the end of the catalytic reaction.
- the invention described in claim 4 is a method for producing dimethyl ether from a synthesis gas containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen, wherein the synthesis gas is any one of claims 1 to 3. It is characterized by using a synthesis gas produced by the above method.
- the invention described in claim 5 relates to a method for producing dimethyl ether from a synthesis gas containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen in a ratio of 1: 0.8 to 1.2. It is characterized by using a synthesis gas produced by any one of claims 1 to 3.
- a raw material containing at least a hydrocarbon and an oxidizing agent is jetted from a parner provided at the furnace top, and the hydrocarbon is partially burned in a space above a catalyst layer provided inside the furnace, and hydrogen is sensed by touch.
- a syngas production furnace for producing a synthesis gas containing carbon monoxide characterized in that it has a space that satisfies the following conditions (1) and (2).
- L is the height of the contact space
- D is the inner diameter of the furnace
- the invention of claim 7 is characterized in that the condition of (3) is further satisfied in the synthesis gas production furnace according to claim 6.
- ⁇ 2 1/2 of the vertex angle in the vertical cross section of the conical furnace top.
- a raw material containing at least a hydrocarbon and an oxidizing agent is jetted from a burner provided at the furnace top, and the hydrocarbon is partially burned in a space above a catalyst layer provided inside the furnace.
- a synthesis gas production furnace for producing a synthesis gas containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide characterized in that the reactor has the above-mentioned space that satisfies the following conditions of ⁇ , (2) and (4).
- L is the height of the contact space
- D is the inside diameter of the furnace
- ⁇ is the angle of 1Z2 of the apex angle in the vertical cross section of the conical expansion of the jet injected into the furnace from the parner. 6. 5 ° e sc, d: The diameter of the smallest circle that can cover all the gas outlets of the Pana.
- a raw material containing at least carbon dioxide and an oxidizing agent is jetted from a parner provided at the furnace top, and the hydrocarbon is partially burned in a space above a contact leak provided inside the furnace, and !
- a synthesis gas production furnace that produces synthesis gas containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide. It is characterized by having a space that satisfies the following conditions (1), (2), (3) and (5).
- the condition (4) is further satisfied.
- the invention according to claim 11 is characterized in that, in the synthesis gas production furnace according to any one of claims 6 to 10, the production outlet is set at 110 to 130 ° C. at the tactile outlet ⁇ . It is characterized in that the concentration of carbon dioxide in the gas is 10 V o 1% or less.
- the invention of claim 12 is characterized in that, in the synthesis gas production furnace according to claim 11, after the completion of the catalytic reaction, the synthesis gas is rapidly cooled to 600 ° C. or less.
- the invention of claim 13 is the synthesis gas production furnace according to any one of claims 6 to 12, wherein the synthesis gas produced by the synthesis gas production furnace contains carbon monoxide and hydrogen. It is characterized by producing dimethyl ether. '
- the invention according to claim 14 is the syngas production furnace according to any one of claims 6 to 12, wherein carbon monoxide and hydrogen produced by the synthesis gas production furnace are in a ratio of 1: 0. It is characterized in that dimethyl ether is produced from synthesis gas containing a ratio of 8 to 1.2.
- FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing one embodiment of a synthesis gas production furnace.
- FIG. 2 is a vertical sectional view of a synthesis gas production furnace according to one embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 3 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the synthesis gas production furnace (definition of is shown).
- Figure 4 is a vertical sectional view of the synthesis gas production furnace.
- Figure 5 is a vertical sectional view of the synthesis gas production furnace.
- Figure 6 is a vertical sectional view of the synthesis gas production furnace.
- Fig. 7 is a vertical sectional view of a conventional synthesis gas production furnace.
- FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing an example of the synthesis gas production furnace of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is a schematic view showing another example of the synthesis gas production furnace of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is a flowchart of an example of a DME manufacturing apparatus.
- FIG. 11 is a detailed view showing a gas-liquid separator. .
- FIG. 12 is an experiment for examining the composition of the product when Me OH is returned to the reactor.
- FIG. 13 is a graph showing the time-dependent change in the CO conversion rate when the Me OH purity is changed.
- FIG. 14 is a configuration diagram for explaining a synthesis apparatus for synthesizing dimethyl ether.
- a synthesis gas having a ratio of hydrogen to carbon monoxide of 1: 1 is required.
- the generated synthesis gas contains carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, hydrogen, and water (steam), which are maintained by the shift reaction represented by the following reaction formula (3).
- a synthesis gas generating furnace is an autothermal reformer (hereinafter referred to as an “autothermal reformer”) that reforms the gas generated by the partial combustion of hydrocarbons with a catalyst to produce a synthesis gas containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide as main components.
- autothermal reformer an autothermal reformer
- the temperature of the catalyst layer inlet in the ATR is usually about 140 ° C. ATR is performed at the temperature of.
- the present inventors examined the difference between the entrance and exit of the catalyst layer in the ATR.
- the gas entering the touch usually contains methane that has escaped from the partial combustion zone. It was found that this was the main cause of the difference between the entrance and exit. That is, methane reacts with surrounding CO 2 and H 20 to change into CO + H 2 This is an endothermic reaction, and when calculated from P and heat, it is assumed that 10%
- the temperature of the gas at the outlet of the catalyst layer becomes about 100 ° C. when the gas at 140 ° C. containing the catalyst contains all the methane in the catalyst.
- reaction equilibrium is established at the exit of the catalyst layer with sufficient capacity to eliminate methane, and this determines the co 2 concentration of the generated synthesis gas.
- the temperature at the outlet of the catalyst layer is preferably higher in order to suppress the concentration of co 2 contained in the generated gas.
- raising the outlet temperature of the catalyst layer can reduce the CO 2 concentration but lower the energy efficiency. Therefore, in the present invention to the C 0 2 concentration in 1 0% or less, the catalyst layer outlet temperature is set to 1 1 0 0 ⁇ 1 3 0 0 ° C.
- the production cost of the catalyst layer (exit) is set at 1100 to 1300, and soot is produced even if the oxygen-fuel ratio is reduced. It is possible to suppress the occurrence of soot without entering the area.
- ⁇ can control the shift reaction, and it is not necessary to add the usual amount of carbon dioxide (C 02) to reduce the amount of hydrogen ( ⁇ 2 ).
- the amount of secondary material the amount of carbon dioxide to make the ratio (for example, the ratio is 1 in DME synthesis) can also be reduced.
- the LPG fuel has a high carbon / hydrogen ratio in the molecule, so the CO concentration is high and the carbon dioxide concentration in the product gas can be reduced to 5 V o 1%.
- the amount of catalyst is small.
- the present invention in the method for producing a synthesis gas containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide as a main component by reforming a gas generated by the partial combustion of hydrocarbons with a catalyst, And set the concentration of carbon dioxide in the synthesis gas to 10% or less.
- the ⁇ -reaction of methane is promoted by securing a space upstream of the catalyst, that is, by providing a sufficient gas residence time, and the catalyst inlet can be further increased.
- the gas residence time upstream of the catalyst layer is preferably 2 seconds or more, and more preferably 3 seconds or more.
- the catalyst layer outlet is set to 1300 ° C. It can be suppressed to about 0 ° C.
- the Ni catalyst in the high-temperature part caused some sintering and reduced initial performance.However, since it is used at a high temperature with high reactivity, the required performance can be fully exhibited over a long period of time. all right.
- the synthesis gas obtained by the above reaction be rapidly cooled to 600 ° C. or less immediately after the completion of the catalytic reaction.
- the gas having the gas thread at the contact outlet can be sent to the downstream synthesis reaction.
- the reaction rate decreases, and the gas composition changes due to the following reactions are almost negligible, so that the H 2 / CO ratio can be maintained at a predetermined value, and the downstream synthesis reaction There is no increase in methane or C o 2 which inhibits odor.
- this rapid cooling is preferable to the force S in that the rapid cooling is performed within 0.1 seconds after the reaction is completed in order to quickly pass through the laser region where the change in the gas composition cannot be ignored. / ,.
- the method for rapidly cooling the synthesis gas is not particularly limited. For example, there is a method in which water is sprayed on the gas discharged from the catalyst to directly cool it, or a method in which the gas is cooled indirectly by a heat exchanger.
- FIG. 1 shows one embodiment of a synthesis gas production furnace.
- a raw material gas inlet 2 is formed at the upper end of the synthesis gas production furnace 1
- a synthesis gas outlet 3 is formed at the lower end
- a catalyst layer 4 is provided inside the synthesis gas production furnace 1.
- a heat insulating layer 5 for holding the touch 4 and a water-cooled metal tube 6 are sequentially provided below the thigh 4. Further, the production furnace is provided with cooling means 7 for cooling the produced synthesis gas, such as water spray, immediately below the water-cooled metal pipe 6.
- the catalyst J14 is easily held by the heat insulating layer 5 and the water-cooled metal tube 6 while the inside of the manufacturing furnace is made compact.
- the raw material gas is introduced into the synthesis gas production furnace 1 through the raw material gas inlet 2, and comes into contact with the touch 4 in the process of flowing downward through the synthesis gas production furnace 1, so that the target synthesis gas is produced. Gas is obtained.
- the synthesis gas then comes into contact with the insulation layer 5 and By switching to a cold metal tube 6 and rejection means 7, it is quickly cooled to a temperature of 600 ° C or less. Then, the synthesis gas having a C ⁇ 2 concentration of 10% or less is discharged from the furnace through the synthesis gas outlet 3.
- the type of the catalyst is not particularly limited, and the reaction ⁇ i is 1100 to 1350. If you can satisfy the heat resistance with C, it is good.
- metals, oxides, etc. such as uranium, lithium, sodium, potassium, norebidium, cesium, beryllium, magnesium, calcium, strontium, barium, boron, aluminum, scandium, thorium, lead, and latantanoids. Can be. ,
- the catalyst can be supported on a carrier.
- a carrier silica, alumina,
- Titania, zirconia, magnesia, zeolite, etc. can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the particle size of the catalyst is not particularly limited.
- Source gas hydrocarbons include methane and hydrocarbons having about 2 to 5 carbon atoms, mixtures thereof, methane produced from natural gas, coal and other substances, LPG, etc. it can. '': ' ⁇
- Oxygen may be pure oxygen or air.
- the reactor is not particularly limited.
- the gases used in the reaction are hydrocarbons, oxygen, carbon dioxide and water vapor, but may contain nitrogen gas.
- the pressure is from atmospheric pressure to about 50 atm, but the reaction is not particularly limited.
- the present invention relates to a synthesis gas production furnace for converting a hydrocarbon into a synthesis gas containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen.
- FIG. 7 shows a cross-sectional view of a conventional ATR.
- the conventional ATR is thought to form a flame that partially oxidizes hydrocarbons on the catalyst layer, injects the gas generated by the partial oxidation into the catalyst, and proceeds the reaction of the generated gas to the touch. I was It was thought that the space above the touch was high enough that the flame could not touch it.
- the raw material injected into the furnace from the parner forms a flame at the tip of the parner and spreads in a conical shape.
- the angle of this divergence depends on the shape of the wrench, but is approximately 13 to 18 °. Normally, the gas ejected from the wrench is in the turbulent region, but the opening angle of this turbulent jet is almost constant even if the pressure or the gas flow rate changes.
- this jet collides with the catalyst layer before it spreads to the inner wall of the furnace, so that the gas flowing laterally rises along the inner wall of the furnace, merges with the jet from the burner, and descends again. Flow is occurring. That is, in the space above the conventional ATR, the gas blown to the catalyst layer flows outward on the catalyst layer, and hits the furnace wall to form a circulating flow that returns to the upper part of the furnace.
- the gas velocity passing through the center of the catalyst layer is increased, so that there is a problem that an efficient reaction using the entire inflection region cannot be performed.
- the present inventor has found that the space above the touch greatly contributes to the reaction, and optimized the space as an important means for solving the above problems.
- the present inventor has provided a catalyst layer downstream from a position where the flow jetted from the perna reaches the inner wall of the furnace and the flow in the cross section of the furnace is all downward.
- a raw material containing at least a hydrocarbon and an oxidizing agent is jetted from a parner provided at the furnace top, and the hydrocarbon is partially burned in a space above a catalyst layer provided inside the furnace.
- a synthesis gas production furnace that produces synthesis gas containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide by contact, it is characterized by having a space on the catalyst layer that satisfies the following conditions (1) and (2).
- L height of the space on the touch 3 ⁇ 4Y
- D the furnace inside diameter
- 0 1 PANA from the conical extent of Jet out injection into the furnace by one half of the apex angle in the vertical cross-section 6. '5 ° ⁇ 0! ⁇ 9 °.
- the invention of claim 7 is characterized in that the condition of (3) is further satisfied in the synthesis gas production furnace according to claim 6.
- 0 2 an angle of 1 ⁇ 2 of the vertex angle in the vertical cross section of the conical furnace top.
- a raw material containing at least a hydrocarbon and an oxidizing agent is jetted from a parner provided in the furnace, and the hydrocarbon is partially burned in a space above the catalyst layer provided in the furnace, and hydrogen and hydrogen are discharged in the catalyst layer.
- a synthesis gas production furnace for producing a synthesis gas containing carbon monoxide is characterized in that the reactor has the above-mentioned space that satisfies the following conditions (1), (2) and (4).
- L height of the space above the touch panel i
- D furnace inner diameter
- d 1/2 of the apex angle of the vertical section of the conical broadening of the emerging jet
- d the diameter of the smallest circle that can cover all the gas outlets of the panner Diameter.
- a raw material containing at least a hydrocarbon and an oxidizing agent is jetted from a panner provided at the furnace top, and the hydrocarbon is partially burned in a space above a catalyst layer provided inside the furnace, and hydrogen and hydrogen are contacted.
- a synthesis gas production furnace that produces synthesis gas containing carbon monoxide, there must be a space on the catalyst layer that satisfies the following conditions (1), (2), (3) and (5) It is characterized by
- L Height of the space above the catalyst layer
- D Furnace inner diameter
- ⁇ 2 1 / "2 corners of the apex angle in the vertical cross section of the furnace top portion of the conical shape
- d PANA the smallest circle that all gas discharge holes can be covered in the diameter.
- the synthesis gas production furnace according to the ninth aspect wherein the condition (4) is further satisfied.
- the invention of claim 11 is characterized in that in the synthesis gas production furnace according to any one of claims 6 to 10, the catalyst layer outlet is set at 110 to 130 ° C.
- the concentration of carbon dioxide in the synthesized gas is set to 10 V o 1% or less.
- the invention of claim 12 is characterized in that, in the synthesis gas production furnace according to claim 6, after the completion of the catalytic reaction, the synthesis gas is rapidly cooled to 600 ° C. or lower.
- the invention of claim 13 is the synthesis gas production furnace according to any one of claims 6 to 12, wherein the synthesis gas containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen produced by the IE synthesis gas production furnace is used. It is characterized by producing dimethyl ether.
- the invention of claim 14 is the synthesis gas production furnace according to any one of claims 6 to 12, wherein carbon monoxide and hydrogen produced by the synthesis gas production furnace are 1: 0. It is characterized in that dimethyl ether is produced from synthesis gas having a ratio of 8 to 1.2.
- the space on the catalyst layer can be used effectively.
- the reaction can proceed with the catalyst. For this reason, after the reaction is sufficiently performed in the space above the catalyst without a catalyst, the reaction can be further advanced with the catalyst.
- a uniform downward flow can be introduced into the catalyst layer, and an efficient reaction using the entire contact area can be achieved.
- FIG. 2 shows an ATR as a synthesis gas production furnace in one embodiment of the present invention.
- natural gas or fuel gas, fuel or oxygen, air as an oxidant, steam as an auxiliary material, and carbon dioxide as necessary are blown into the furnace from a parner 1 provided at the furnace top.
- natural gas is partially burned in the space above the catalyst layer 2, and the gas generated by the partial combustion is reacted to equilibrium in the catalyst layer 2 provided inside the furnace, whereby natural gas is converted into hydrogen and carbon monoxide. Is reformed into a synthetic gas whose main raw material is.
- the syngas production furnace shown in FIG. 2 is characterized in that its overall shape is elongated compared to the conventional flat synthesis gas production furnace shown in FIG. This is because the reaction is sufficiently performed in the space above the catalyst layer 2 without a catalyst.
- the jets from the parner 1 reach the inner wall of the furnace, and a contact is installed downstream where the flow in the cross section of the furnace is all downward, so that the jets react effectively using the volume inside the furnace. It is possible to proceed. That is, as shown in Fig. 3, if the inner space D of the furnace has a contact upper space height L given by the following equation, a good furnace flow can be obtained even if the pressure or gas flow rate changes. Can be formed.
- L height of the space above the contact ⁇ jf
- D furnace inner diameter
- ⁇ ! 6.5 ° at 1/2 of the vertex angle in the vertical section of the conical broadening of the jet jetting out of the furnace into the furnace 9 °.
- the streamline bends outward near the inner wall of the furnace.
- the angle of the apex angle of 1 Z2 in the vertical section of the diverging cone is 6.5 ° ⁇ ⁇ 9 °.
- the burner diameter is sufficiently small with respect to the furnace inner diameter D.
- the burner is considered to be a point, and the cone is formed at an angle of 0i from the point where the raw material is introduced into the furnace top. It is thought to spread to the shape.
- the height L of the space above the touch is set as the distance from the vertex 3 of the furnace top to the upper end of the touch 2.
- the burner diameter is large enough to be compared with the furnace inner diameter D, and the minimum circle diameter that can cover all the gas ejection holes of the burner is d, as shown in Fig. 5, It is considered that the raw material spreads in a conical shape at an angle from the outside of the circle with the diameter d.
- the height L of the space above the catalyst layer is a vertical angle 2 mm passing through the outer part of the circle with the diameter d in the vertical cross section of the furnace top! The distance from the top 5 of the triangle to the upper end of the catalyst layer '2'.
- the circulating flow 6 outside the jet shown in Fig. 2 is necessary to protect the furnace wall.
- the flame formed at the tip of the wrench is extremely high, and if the flame is sprayed directly on the furnace wall, the furnace wall may melt.
- the circulating flow formed near the furnace top has sufficient strength if the apex angle of the cone-shaped furnace top is 50 ° or more, preferably 60 ° or more. ,? 1 ⁇ 2 or less. At this time, the circulation does not reach to the touch. Therefore, as shown in FIGS.
- the vertical angle 1 Z2 of the vertical cross section of the conical furnace top is set to 0 2 ⁇ 25 °.
- ⁇ there is a potential core at the center of the jet.
- the potential core is a region that maintains a uniform gas ejection velocity without mixing with the surrounding flow.
- the jet distance must be at least 10 times larger than the diameter of the single hole. It is necessary to ensure separation.
- many holes are ejected from the wrench.However, if the following tactile space height is secured using tiitS d, the potential core will be lost in any wrench. This makes it possible to introduce a uniformly mixed gas into the catalyst layer.
- the conditions for forming a sufficient circulation flow include the following.
- the furnace shape can be determined as described above. Next, a method for determining the size will be described.
- the inventor sought to analyze the ATR performed under various conditions, and quenched and collected the gas at each height in the space above the touch panel, and analyzed the gas. It has been found that the time is at least 2 seconds, preferably at least 3 seconds. For this reason, (2) the residence time of the gas in the space was set to 2 seconds or more. The residence time is the time for the product gas to pass, which is obtained by converting the volume of the space above the catalyst layer by the temperature and pressure of this space.
- the concentration of hydrogen contained in the gas reaching the catalyst can be reduced. Since hydrocarbon is a strong endothermic reaction, lowering the hydrocarbon concentration effectively lowers the temperature of the gas entering the catalyst, and can extend the life of the catalyst.
- the hydrocarbon concentration is not sufficiently reduced, so that the temperature at the catalyst outlet temperature is 900 to 150 ° C, whereas the temperature at the catalyst inlet 3 ⁇ 4 is a general Ni-based catalyst. In some cases, the temperature can be as high as around 140 ° C, which is just below the heat-resistant temperature. For this reason, a heat-resistant high-level catalyst is installed as a heat shield especially at the upper part of the catalyst. That is, a large temperature drop occurs inside the touch panel.
- the hydrocarbon concentration at the contact and the inlet to less than half, it is possible to reduce the temperature decrease in the catalyst J1 to less than half. In addition, 1
- the contact outlet was set to 350, and it is also possible to set the contact outlet to 110 ° C. to 130 ° C. as described later. Needless to say, the required catalyst amount can be increased by reducing the concentration of hydrocarbons contained in the gas reaching the catalyst.
- the synthesis gas After the completion of the catalytic reaction, it is preferable to rapidly cool the synthesis gas to 600 ° C. or less. As a result, the subsequent gas composition can be kept unchanged, and the gas having the gas composition at the outlet of the catalyst layer can be sent to the downstream synthesis reaction.
- the reformed synthesis gas is used as a raw material for dimethinoleether (DME) synthesis, FT synthesis, methanol synthesis, and ammonia synthesis.
- DME dimethinoleether
- FT synthesis FT synthesis
- methanol synthesis methanol synthesis
- ammonia synthesis a synthesis gas containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen as main components is passed through a slurry reactor in which catalyst fine particles are suspended in a medium oil having a high boiling point to cause a reaction.
- the method for synthesizing DME will be described briefly.
- Formulas (A) to (C) can be summarized as shown in the following reaction formula (D), where hydrogen and carbon monoxide are used. Dimethyl / ether and carbon dioxide are produced in equal amounts from the element.
- the ratio of hydrogen Z to carbon oxide in the synthesis gas is reduced to 2 or less in order to use it as a raw material for this reaction, the increase in the concentration of carbon dioxide in the generated synthesis gas and the generation of soot cannot be ignored.
- the power required for a synthesis gas with a hydrogen to carbon monoxide ratio of 1: 1 In a normal ATR, the carbon dioxide concentration in the generated synthesis gas excludes water. It reaches 20 to 40 vo 1% in the laid state. .
- Carbon dioxide contained in the raw material gas inhibits the reaction and adversely affects the production. Further, circulating a large amount of carbon dioxide in the reaction system is not preferable in terms of equipment cost and low cost.
- the above equilibrium temperature is set at 1100 to 1300 ° C, and the hydrogen / carbon oxide ratio is reduced to near 1 (molar ratio), and by reducing the force carbon dioxide concentration, (D This is very advantageous for the dimethyl ether synthesis represented by the general reaction formula of the formula (1).
- the type of the catalyst used in the present embodiment is not particularly limited, and it is satisfactory if the heat resistance can be satisfied at 110 to 130 ° C., which is reaction I.
- the catalyst can be supported on a carrier.
- alumina, silylite, titaurea, dinorecourea, magnesia, zeolite, etc. can be used as a worm or two or more of them.
- the particle size and shape of the catalyst are not particularly limited, but preferably have a large surface area and a small pressure loss.
- the fuel is introduced into AT R, natural gas, other LPG gas, many natural gas N 2, CO z, coal bed methane, associated gas, organic «enzyme methane, may be used iron gas. Pure O 2 , air, and O 2 enriched air can be used as the oxidizing agent to be charged into the ATR.
- the pressure is from about atmospheric pressure to about 50 atm.
- the pressure is not particularly limited.
- hydrocarbon gas was reformed into carbon monoxide gas and hydrogen gas.
- a / reminapol was placed as a heat insulating layer. The contact is supported by the catalyst support. Downstream from the touch, cooling means was provided to cool the synthesis gas by spraying water.
- the furnace pressure was set to 0.6 MPa.
- the freeboard part residence time was calculated from the freeboard part volume, the generated gas flow rate (moisture flow rate), and the freeboard part temperature'pressure.
- the outlet of the catalyst was set at 110 to 1 + 300 ° C.
- the residence time of the free board portion, which was a space above the catalyst layer was set to 2 seconds or more.
- the synthesis gas was rapidly cooled to 600 ° C. or lower at the lower part of the catalyst layer, and the ratio of hydrogen Z—carbon oxide in the obtained synthesis gas was set to 0.8 to 1.2.
- Example 1 it was found that the CH 4 concentration at the catalyst layer inlet was less than 3.5 vo 1%, which reduced the difference between the catalyst layer inlet and outlet.
- the concentration of carbon dioxide in the synthesis gas can be reduced to less than 10 V o 1% when natural gas is injected as fuel: 5 V 0 1% or less when propane gas is injected. Was able to be reduced.
- Example 2 the temperature after quenching was changed from 595 ° C. to 350 ° C., but the generated gas composition (dry composition) did not change.
- a method for producing a synthesis gas characterized in that a part of the produced synthesis gas is supplied as a part of a raw material for producing the synthesis gas.
- a method for producing a synthesis gas characterized in that a part of the following gas (a) and / or (b) is supplied as a part of a raw material for producing a synthesis gas.
- a synthesis gas production furnace that produces a synthesis gas containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst from a fuel gas and an oxidant
- a synthesis gas production furnace comprising: a synthesis gas supply line that supplies a part of the produced synthesis gas as a part of a raw material in producing the synthesis gas.
- the present invention relates to a method for producing a synthesis gas from a gas containing hydrocarbons, carbon dioxide, oxygen and the like.
- This synthesis gas is suitable as a synthesis gas having an H 2 / CO ratio of 0.8 to 1.2 (molar ratio) required for synthesizing DME (dimethyl ether).
- Synthesis gas containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide is used as a raw material for FT synthesis, methanol synthesis, ammonia synthesis, and DME synthesis.
- This synthesis gas is produced from various organic compounds, and the production method of the synthesis gas is known to include a reaction with steam and Z or carbon dioxide, a partial oxidation reaction with oxygen or air, or the like. I have.
- (1) a method in which organic compounds are reacted with steam and Z or carbon dioxide in the presence of a catalyst at a high temperature, and (2) a partial compound is formed with oxygen and / or air.
- a method has been used in which a heat is generated by oxidization, a mixture of steam and z or carbon dioxide is reacted by touch, and a method combining (3), (1) and (2) '.
- the present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a synthesis gas that uses a gas at the top of a production furnace to be used in producing a synthesis gas.
- the present inventors have conducted intensive studies to solve the above problems, and as a result, used a part of the synthesis gas containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen produced by the synthesis gas production process, and the produced synthesis gas as a raw material.
- a part of the exhaust gas containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen discharged from the reaction system or the produced synthesis gas is used as the raw material.
- To supply a part of the gas containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen separated from the product in the post-process as part of the raw material for the production of synthesis gas, accompanying the product obtained in the process used It has been found that, by preferably mixing and supplying the mixture with the fuel gas, the furnace top of the production furnace used in the production of the synthesis gas is affected.
- the present invention has been made based on the above findings, and has the following features.
- the invention described in claim 1 is a method for producing a synthesis gas containing carbon oxide and hydrogen using a fuel gas and an oxidant as raw materials in the presence of a catalyst, wherein a part of the produced synthesis gas is synthesized. It is characterized in that it is supplied as a part of raw material during gas production.
- the invention described in claim 2 is a method for producing a synthesis gas containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst using a fuel gas and an oxidizing agent as raw materials, wherein the following (a) or Z and (b) It is characterized in that part of this gas is supplied as part of the raw material for the production of synthesis gas.
- B A gas containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen that accompanies the product obtained in the process using the produced synthesis gas as a raw material and is separated from the product in a later step.
- the invention described in claim 3 is characterized in that a part of the produced synthesis gas is mixed with the fuel gas and supplied as a part of the raw material in producing the synthesis gas.
- the invention described in claim 4 is characterized in that a part of the gas of (a) or Z and the gas of (b) is mixed with a fuel gas and supplied as a part of a raw material at the time of synthesis gas production.
- the invention described in claim 5 is directed to a synthesis gas production furnace for producing a synthesis gas containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst using a fuel gas and an oxidizing agent as raw materials. It is characterized by having a synthesis gas supply line that supplies the part as a part of the raw material at the time of synthesis gas production.
- the present invention it is possible to reduce the temperature at the top of the furnace used during the production of synthesis gas. It becomes possible. Since the furnace top is reduced, it is not necessary to spend time and money on equipment maintenance, such as making the furnace top of the manufacturing furnace heat resistant and reducing the frequency of repairing refractories. It is a target. Also, by returning the synthesis gas containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen as the source gas, the amount of carbon dioxide in the synthesis gas produced can be effectively reduced without increasing the height of the contact point of the production furnace. be able to.
- FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing an example of the synthesis gas production furnace (auto thermal reformer (ATR)) of the present invention.
- ATR auto thermal reformer
- the raw material gas is divided into a fuel gas 1, an oxidizing agent 4, and auxiliary materials 2 and 3.
- Fuel gas 1 is a hydrocarbon containing natural carbon (HC) such as natural gas and LPG.
- the oxidizing agent 4 include oxygen and air.
- the auxiliary materials include steam (water) 2 and oxygen dioxide 3.
- a touch is provided inside the synthesis gas production furnace (hereinafter simply referred to as the production furnace).
- the production furnace From the raw material gas, a synthesis gas containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen is produced from a partially oxidized gas produced by, for example, a diffusion-mixing type wrench. That is, the synthesis gas production furnace reforms the gas generated by the partial combustion of hydrocarbons with a catalyst to produce a synthesis gas containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide as main components.
- 1 is a fuel gas
- 4 is an oxidizer
- 5 is a synthesis gas
- 6 is a production furnace.
- a fuel gas supply line 7 for supplying the fuel gas 1 to the production furnace 6 is connected to a sub-supply line for steam 2 and carbon dioxide 3. Then, it is mixed with steam 2 and carbon dioxide 3 and S fuel gas 1 in advance before it is put into production 6.
- the oxidant supply line 8 for supplying the oxidant 4 to the production furnace 6 is directly connected to the production furnace 6 without being connected to the fuel gas supply line 7. This is because if the oxidizing agent 4 is mixed with the fuel gas in advance, the fuel gas will burn for 1 power S. Steam 2 and carbon dioxide 3 other than the oxidizing agent are mixed in advance and charged into the manufacturing furnace 6, and mixed with the oxidizing agent 4 in the manufacturing furnace 6, soot generation is suppressed and a partial rise in the furnace is suppressed. It is effective for A synthesis gas supply line 9 for circulating the produced synthesis gas 5 to the production furnace 6 branches off from the synthesis gas outflow line 10 and is connected to the fuel gas supply line 7.
- a part of the produced synthesis gas 5 is supplied to the production furnace 6 as a part of the raw material gas during the production of the synthesis gas.
- the circulated synthesis gas is preferably mixed with fuel gas 1, carbon dioxide 3, and steam 2 before being supplied to the production furnace, where the circulated synthesis gas is reacted with oxygen.
- the supply method is not limited to this.
- the gas as a raw material is divided into a fuel gas and an oxidizing agent or further an auxiliary raw material. Then, a synthesis gas containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen is produced from the raw material gas in the presence of a catalyst, for example, from a partially oxidized gas produced by a diffusion-mixing type wrench. At this time, if the concentration of oxygen is high and the concentration of oxygen is combined with the fuel gas, the calorific value will be high, and the furnace top will be heated and the ⁇ at the furnace top will rise.
- the flame temperature is reduced, and the top of the production furnace is reduced.
- the oxidizer reacts with the circulated hydrogen (H 2 ) and carbon monoxide (CO) in addition to the fuel gas. Since heat generated by the oxidation reaction of H 2 and CO is small compared to the heating of the fuel gas, the concentration of the oxidizing agent is Kore, region of the effectively reduced. H 2 O and C 0 2 produced by the oxidation reaction of H 2 and CO becomes an oxidizing agent unreacted fuel gas in the region of its earlier are reduced to H 2 and CO.
- H 2 and CO become a medium for oxygen transfer, and all the H 2 and CO do not react and increase the gas volume, so that the maximum at the top of the furnace decreases.
- gas that is ultimately not involved in combustion ie, synthesis gas containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen
- the added H 2 and CO behave like inert gases when viewed throughout the furnace.
- the added H 2 and CO added an inert gas such as N 2 : ⁇ Unlike this, it does not increase the impurities in the product gas and does not decrease the concentration of H 2 and CO, which are useful components in the product gas, but increases it.
- the generated synthesis gas contains carbon monoxide ', carbon dioxide, hydrogen, and water (steam), and these are maintained by the shift reaction represented by the following reaction formula (1).
- synthesis gas mixed gas containing (mainly) hydrogen and carbon monoxide
- the molar ratio of hydrogen Z—carbon oxide is 2 or more.
- the hydrogen / carbon monoxide molar ratio in the synthesis gas must be reduced.
- it is effective to add carbon dioxide to the synthesis gas production process and react with hydrogen as shown in the following formula (3) to increase carbon monoxide. It is.
- the generated synthesis gas contains carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, hydrogen, and water (steam), which are expressed by the following reaction formula (1) as described above. I keep it.
- the temperature of the catalyst ⁇ exit is preferably higher.
- Carbon dioxide and steam which are by-products, are added to reduce the amount of generated gas and adjust the composition of the generated gas.
- the production furnace's outlet is lowered.
- Carbon dioxide feed gas to maintain the catalyst 3 ⁇ 4 ⁇ outlet?
- When reducing the steam it is possible to reduce the C 0 2 concentration, H 2 0 concentration in generate gas. This is because carbon dioxide and steam in the source gas are involved in the reaction, but come out in almost the same amount and in the product gas, reducing the carbon dioxide and steam in the source gas.
- the CO 2 concentration and the ⁇ 2 ⁇ concentration of the product gas can be reduced.
- the H 2 ZCO ratio of the generated gas can be maintained at a predetermined value by adjusting the reduction method of the carbon dioxide and the steam of the raw material gas by performing an equilibrium calculation. That is, the C0 2 concentration in the product gas is lowered by increasing the 3 ⁇ 4 ⁇ outlet ⁇ catalyst as described above, it is possible to decrease further.
- each amount corresponding to the CO 2, H 2 0 amount, sub The CO 2 and the steam that are individually input as raw materials must be used separately. This is because the amount of C 0 2 and H 2 0 corresponding to maintaining the outlet temperature of the catalyst layer corresponding to the input hydrogen and carbon monoxide was reduced, and furthermore, CO 2 , This means that each amount corresponding to the amount of H 2 O is reduced.
- the monoxide obtained as a product gas during the production of the synthesis gas is used. It is characterized in that a part of the synthesis gas containing carbon and hydrogen is returned and supplied as a part of the raw material when producing the synthesis gas.
- the hydrogen and carbon monoxide can be introduced by circulating a part of the synthesis gas produced in the synthesis gas production furnace, or by discharging the reaction gas from the reaction system in a process using the produced synthesis gas as a raw material. It is appropriate to supply part of the exhaust gas containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen.
- the production of the synthesis gas in the present invention is performed using a fuel gas, an oxidizing agent, or an auxiliary material as a raw material in the presence of a catalyst.
- the type of the catalyst at this time is not particularly limited, and it is sufficient that the reaction (for example, 110 to 130 ° C.) satisfy the heat resistance.
- Metals such as strontium, norium, boron, anoremium, scandium, thorium, tin and lanthanoid, oxides and the like can
- the catalyst can be supported on a carrier.
- a carrier silica, azoremina, titania, zirconia, magnesia, zeolite, or the like can be used as warworms or a combination of two or more thereof.
- the particle size of the catalyst is not particularly limited.
- the fuel gas examples include methane and hydrocarbons having about 2 to 5 carbon atoms, mixtures thereof, natural gas, methane produced from coal and other substances, LPG, and the like, and these may be used as an appropriate mixture.
- the oxidizing agent oxygen can be used as well as pure oxygen and air. Steam, water, carbon dioxide, etc. can be used as auxiliary raw materials. In addition, nitrogen gas or the like can be used as a supplement.
- reaction pressure is preferably from atmospheric pressure to about 50 atm.
- the production furnace (reactor) used in the synthesis gas production is not particularly limited.
- FIG. 9 is a schematic view showing another example of the production furnace of the present invention.
- the synthesis gas produced by the production furnace 6 is used as a raw material gas in the synthesis gas utilization facility 11.
- the exhaust gas containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen discharged from the reaction system in the process of the synthesis gas utilization facility 11 is supplied to the production furnace 6 as a part of the raw material of the production furnace 6.
- the fuel gas 1 and the oxidant 4 are supplied as raw materials to the production furnace 6 through the fuel gas supply line 7 and the oxidant supply line 8, and are supplied to the production furnace 6 in the presence of a catalyst.
- a synthesis gas containing hydrogen is produced.
- the syngas flowing out of the syngas outflow line 15 is supplied to the syngas utilization facility 11.
- the exhaust gas containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen discharged from the reaction system in the process of the synthesis gas utilization facility 11 is discharged to the discharge line 12. Part of the exhaust gas is discharged out of the system from the exhaust line 13, and the remainder of the exhaust gas is supplied to the manufacturing furnace 6 from the exhaust gas supply line 14 connected to the fuel gas supply line 7.
- the process using the synthesis gas as a raw material is a process in which a mixed gas containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide is used as a raw material.
- Examples of the process include a DME synthesis, a methanol synthesis, and an F-T synthesis. Is mentioned.
- the exhaust gas containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen discharged from the reaction system in the process using synthesis gas as a raw material refers to the reaction in a process reaction using synthesis gas as a raw material.
- the generated synthesis gas or purge gas for the DME synthesis reaction system was mixed with the raw materials and charged.
- the condition was to produce a synthesis gas having an H 2 / CO ratio of 0.8 to 1.2. Under these conditions, only a small amount of steam was injected, so gas was used without water.
- the contact ⁇ i outlet ⁇ was set to 1100 ⁇ 13 ⁇ o ° c, and the synthesis gas was quenched below 60 o ° c below the contact leak.
- Comparative Examples 1 and 2 shown in Table 2 show examples in which no syngas was circulated. Examples 1 and 2 show examples in which syngas is circulated. In Examples 1 and 2, it was found that the input amount of C 0 2 in the source gas could be reduced, and the amount of CO 2 in the generated gas could be reduced to the order of 8 vol%. Not easy and C 0 2 content 1 dry vol%, even reducing child in the product gas, the significance of the present invention is great.
- a raw material gas containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen is introduced into a reactor, and the raw material gas is subjected to a catalytic reaction to produce dimethyl ether and to produce dimethyl ether which produces at least methanol as a by-product.
- a process for producing dimethyl ether characterized in that the purity of the produced methanol is raised to 95% by mass or more, and the methanol whose purity has been raised is returned to a tiff self-reactor.
- a raw material gas containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen is introduced into a reactor, and the tflB raw material gas is subjected to a catalytic reaction to produce dimethyl ether and to produce dimethyl ether which produces at least methanol and water as by-products. Separating methanol from a liquid containing methanol and water obtained by cooling the produced gas from the reactor, and returning the separated methanol to the reactor.
- a method for producing dimethyl ether is produced from a liquid containing methanol and water obtained by cooling the produced gas from the reactor, and returning the separated methanol to the reactor.
- a method for producing dimethyl ether in which a raw material gas containing carbon oxide and hydrogen is introduced into a reactor, and the raw material gas is subjected to a catalytic reaction to produce dimethyl ether and at least carbon dioxide, methanol and water as by-products
- the gas produced from the reactor is cooled and separated into a liquid (1) containing dimethinoleate, carbon dioxide, methanol and water, and a gas containing unreacted gas components. 1), carbon dioxide separated liquid (2), dimethyl ether separated, carbon dioxide and dimethyl ether separated liquid (3), methanol separated, and separated tins methanol tin
- a reactor that produces a dimethyl ether and at least methanol as a by-product by a catalytic reaction of a raw material gas containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen, and a methanol purification device that raises the purity of the produced methanol to 95% by mass or more. And a recycle line for returning purified methanol to the reactor.
- Catalytic reaction of the raw material gas containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen to produce dimethyl / ether and produce at least carbon dioxide, methanol and water as by-products, and cooling the produced gas from the reactor Production of dimethyl ether comprising: a methanol purification device for separating methanol from a liquid containing methanol and water obtained by the above process; and a recycle line for returning the separated methanol to the reactor. apparatus.
- a gas-liquid separation device that separates the liquid (1) containing carbon dioxide, carbon dioxide, dimethyate / reether, methanol and water, and a gas containing unreacted gas components, and carbon dioxide from the obtained liquid (1).
- a dimethyl ether production apparatus comprising: a methanol purification device for separating methanol; and a recycling line for returning separated methanol to the reactor.
- the gas-liquid separating device, the product gas, the co 2 purifier carbon dioxide is separated by a liquid (2), the liquid dimethyl ether is separated by ⁇ Pi the DME purification apparatus (3), contacting The dimethyl ether according to claim 7, wherein
- the second invention produces dimethyl ether using carbon monoxide and hydrogen as main raw materials. Method and apparatus.
- DME dimethyl ether
- the raw material gas passes through a single reactor in which a slurry of fine catalyst particles is suspended in high-boiling medium oil.
- a technique for synthesizing dimethyl ether in a high yield by reacting them with each other has been disclosed (for example, see Patent Document 1).
- methanol produced from hydrogen and carbon monoxide represented by the following formulas (1), (2) and (3) is used.
- the synthesis, dimethyl ether synthesis generated by the dehydration reaction from the synthesized methanol, and three kinds of reactions in which water generated by the dimethyl ether synthesis reacts with carbon monoxide to generate hydrogen proceed simultaneously.
- the reactions of the above formulas (1) to (3) are equilibrium reactions, and it is often difficult to take sufficient reaction time for the input raw material gas to reach ffi in the reactor. In the actual synthesis process, the above three reactions do not proceed 100%. Therefore, the reaction of equation (4), which is a summary of the above three reactions, does not progress 100%. Therefore, as shown in equation (4), 100% conversion of the raw material hydrogen and carbon monoxide does not occur, and the gas flowing out of the reactor contains the reaction products DME and carbon dioxide. In addition to, methanol and water, which are reaction intermediates, are produced as by-products. The gas flowing out of the reactor contains unreacted hydrogen and carbon oxide.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H10-182825
- Patent Document 2 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H10-1028 25
- the present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and provides a method for producing dimethyl ether capable of effectively utilizing methanol produced as a by-product and increasing the yield of dimethyl ether.
- the purpose is to:
- the invention of claim 1 is to introduce a raw material gas containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen into a reactor, to cause a catalytic reaction of the raw material gas, to produce dimethyl ether and at least A method for producing dimethyl ether that produces methanol as a by-product, characterized in that the purity of the produced methanol is increased to 95% or more by mass, and the methanol whose purity has been increased is returned to the reactor.
- the invention of claim 2 provides a method for producing dimethyl ether, in which a raw material gas containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen is introduced into a reactor, and the raw material gas is catalyzed to produce dimethyl ether and at least methanol and water as by-products.
- the method is characterized in that methanol is separated from a liquid containing methanol and water obtained by cooling a product gas from a reactor, and the separated methanol is returned to the reactor.
- a raw material gas containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen is introduced into a reactor, and the raw material gas is subjected to a catalytic reaction to produce dimethyl ether and at least carbon dioxide, methanol and water as a by-product.
- the produced gas from the reactor is cooled and separated into a liquid (1) containing dimethyl ether, carbon dioxide, methanol and water, and a gas containing unreacted gas components.
- the method is characterized in that the returned methanol is returned to the reactor.
- the invention according to claim 4 is directed to the method for producing dimethyl ether according to claim 3, wherein the produced gas is a liquid (2) in which carbon dioxide is separated, and a liquid in which carbon dioxide and dimethyl ether are separated. It is characterized in that (3) is contacted.
- the invention of claim 5 provides a reactor for producing a dimethyl ether and producing at least methanol as a by-product by performing a catalytic reaction of a raw material gas containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen, and producing the produced methanol by 95% by mass or more. And a recycling line for returning purified methanol to the reactor.
- the invention according to claim 6 is characterized in that a raw material gas containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen is subjected to a catalytic reaction, A reactor that produces dimethyl ether and at least carbon dioxide, methanol and water as a by-product; and methanol from a liquid containing methanol and water obtained by cooling the gas produced from the reactor. And a recycle line for returning the separated methanol to the reactor.
- the invention according to claim 7 provides a reactor that produces a dimethyl ether by causing a raw material gas containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen to undergo a catalytic reaction, and at least carbon dioxide, methanol and water as by-products, The gas produced is cooled and separated into a liquid (1) containing carbon dioxide, dimethyl ether, methanol, and water, and a gas containing unreacted gas components. ) To separate carbon dioxide from
- a DME purification system carbon dioxide to separate the dimethyl ether from the liquid separated (2)
- methanol purification apparatus dioxide ⁇ Pi dimethyl ether to separate the separated liquid (3) twine pentanol, separated And a recycling line for returning the obtained methanol to the reactor.
- Te per cent Rere apparatus for producing a dimethyl ether according to claim 7, wherein the gas - liquid separator 13 ⁇ 4 location is the product gas, liquid carbon dioxide by the co 2 purification device is released amount ( 2) and the liquid (3) from which dimethyl ether has been separated by the DME purification device.
- the methanol by-produced can be used effectively and the yield of dimethinoether can be raised.
- the reaction products dimethyl ether, carbon dioxide and water are less returned to the reactor, and the reaction is not hindered.
- the recovery of dimethyl ether and carbon dioxide can be increased.
- FIG. 10 shows an embodiment (flow diagram) of an apparatus for producing dimethinole ether (hereinafter referred to as DME) of the present invention.
- DME dimethinole ether
- reference numeral 1 denotes natural gas and carbon dioxide (hereinafter referred to as CO) and hydrogen gas.
- Reformer for generating (hereinafter referred to H 2), 2 is a reactor of DME synthesis to generate a source gas force ⁇ Luo dimethylether containing CO ⁇ Hi ⁇ 2.
- Natural gas is reacted with co 2 , O 2 and steam in the reformer 1 to form a reforming reaction product.
- the reforming reaction product is cooled and dehydrated upstream of the synthesis gas compressor 7 (not shown in the figure).
- the reforming reaction product flowing out of the synthesis gas compressor 7 is decarbonated in the CO 2 recovery tower 8.
- the synthesis gas generated by Reformer 1 is dehydrated and decarbonated to become a DME synthesis reaction raw material gas (make-up gas for DME synthesis).
- the makeup gas for DME synthesis is mixed with the recycled gas mainly composed of unreacted gas (CO and H 2 ) flowing through the recycled gas line 10 and the MeOH flowing through the recycled line 6. It becomes the source gas for DME.
- the raw material gas is supplied from the bottom of the reactor 2.
- a DME synthesis reaction is carried out by subjecting the raw materials to a catalytic reaction.
- the medium oil flowing out of the reactor is recovered and returned to the reactor 2 by the pump 11.
- the reactor 2 may be any of a fixed bed type, a fluidized bed type 5 and a slurry bed type.
- the slurry bed type is desirable because the 3 ⁇ 4i in the reactor is uniform and there are few by-products.
- a methanol synthesis catalyst and a methanol dehydration catalyst are used, and a ⁇ -shift catalyst is added as appropriate in order to progress each of the above reactions (1) to (3) to synthesize DME.
- a catalyst having these functions is appropriately combined and used.
- a methanol dehydration catalyst an acid-base catalyst ⁇ - ⁇ Lumina, silica, silica-alumina, zeolite, etc. are used.
- the metal oxide component of zeolite oxides of metal / recalium such as sodium and magnesium, and alkaline earth oxides such as magnesium and magnesium are used. Since the methanol synthesis catalyst has a strong shift feel, it can also serve as a water gas shift catalyst.
- an alumina-supported copper oxide catalyst can be used as both a methanol dehydration catalyst and a water gas shift catalyst.
- the mixing ratio of the above three catalysts does not need to be particularly limited, and may be appropriately selected according to the type of each component or the reaction conditions.
- the methanol dehydration catalyst is 0.1 to 5 males, preferably about 0.2 to 2 with respect to the methanol synthesis catalyst, and the water gas catalyst is 0.2 to 5 hectares, preferably 0. Mix with about 5 to 3.
- the methanol synthesis catalyst and the water gas shift catalyst are made of the same substance, and the methanol synthesis catalyst also serves as the water gas shift catalyst.
- the average particle size of # ⁇ using a slurry bed type reactor is 30 ⁇ m or less, preferably 1 to 200 zm, more preferably about 10 to 150 ⁇ m. The ones that I got tired of are good.
- the above mixed powder is appropriately compacted, molded, pulverized again and adjusted to the above particle size.
- the medium oil used in the slurry bed reactor must be one that maintains a stable liquid state under the reaction conditions.
- the amount of the catalyst in the solvent can be appropriately determined depending on the type of the solvent, the reaction conditions, and the like, but is generally preferably about 1 to 50% by weight based on the solvent.
- the reaction is desirably in the range of 150 to 400 ° C, and particularly desirably in the range of 250 to 350 ° C. Even if the reaction temperature is lower than 150 ° C or higher than 400 ° C, the conversion rate of CO in the raw material gas becomes low.
- the reaction pressure is preferably in the range of 10 to 300 kg Z cm 2 G, particularly preferably in the range of 20 to 70 kg / cm 2 G. When the reaction pressure is 1 0 kg / cm 2 less and CO conversion rate of lower than G, whereas 3 0 0 kg higher than Z c ni 2 G, reactor In addition to being special, it requires a lot of energy for boosting, so it is not economical.
- the space velocity (the supply rate of the raw material gas in a standard state per kg of the catalyst) is preferably 100 to 50,000 NlZkg.h, particularly preferably 500 to 7,500 NlZkg ⁇ h. If the space velocity is greater than 5000 ON 1 / kg ⁇ h, the CO conversion rate will be low, while if it is less than 10 ON lZkg ⁇ h, the reactor will be extremely large and not economical.
- the reaction gas obtained in the reactor 2 is the reaction product, CH 3 OH ⁇ Pi H 2 0 which is a reaction intermediate product, unreacted H 2 and CO, the raw material gas Impurities, etc., contained in the semiconductor material.
- the component composition of the reaction gas typically, DME: 3 ⁇ 25%, CO z : 3 ⁇ 25%, CO: 20 ⁇ 50%, H 2: 20 ⁇ 50%, CH 3 OH: 0. 5 ⁇ 3 0 / ⁇ , H 2 0: 0.1 to 0.5%, and others: 5% or less.
- the product gas from the reactor 2 is cooled by heat ⁇ 12, the liquid (1) containing DME, C0 2, Me OH ⁇ Pi H 2 0 by the gas-liquid separator 1 3, unreacted gas Separates from gas containing components.
- These heat exchanger 12 and gas-liquid separator 13 constitute a gas-liquid separation device.
- This cooling, DME, and a liquid (1) is ⁇ containing Me OH and H 2 0, C 0 2 is dissolved in DME were male.
- the cooling is suitably about 110 ° C to 160 ° C, preferably about 140 ° C to 150 ° C, and the pressure at that time is about 1 to 30 MPa, preferably about 1.5 to 15 MPa. is there.
- FIG. 11 shows a detailed view of the gas-liquid separator 13.
- a gas-liquid separator 13 is connected to the outlet side of the heat exchange crane 12 which is a cooler.
- the gas-liquid separator 13 has two layers of packing layers 14, 14 such as Raschig rings inside, and a liquid reservoir at the bottom.
- packing layers 14, 14 such as Raschig rings inside
- nozzles are arranged so as to spray substantially uniformly onto the upper surface of the packing layers.
- the inlet of the product gas is cooled by heat exchange, the liquid in the bottom part containing DME, C0 2 and M e OH Phase outlet with unreacted gas at the top
- An outlet for the gas phase containing the gas is provided.
- a methanol supply pipe is connected to a nozzle above the upper packing layer 14, and a DME supply pipe is connected to a nozzle above the lower packing layer 14.
- C0 2 separation column 3 C0 2 purification system
- first C_ ⁇ 2 are separated.
- C0 2 separation column 3 by distillation if example embodiment, separate 'purify co 2.
- C0 2 ⁇ Pi DME is separated liquid (3) is composed mainly of Me OH ⁇ Hi ⁇ 2 0.
- This latex is injected into methanol separation tower 5 (Methanol / Purification apparatus), where MeOH is separated.
- Methanol separation column 5 for example by distillation, and separating and purifying the M e OH 95 mass 0/0 or more purity.
- the separated high-purity MeOH is introduced into the makeup gas of the DME synthesis through the recycle line 6 and is vaporized.
- the raw material gas mixed with MeOH is supplied from the bottom of the reactor 2.
- MeOH is purified, because H 2 0 was not charged to the reactor 2, there is no deterioration of the catalyst. Further, since H 2 ′ 0, CO 2, and DME are not charged into the reactor, there is an advantage that the production reaction of DME is not hindered.
- an efficient process was established in which $ 6 OH (3) was circulated through the gas-liquid separator 13 to supply high-purity Me OH to the gas reactor and not discharge Me OH out of the system. I do.
- FIG. 12 shows an experimental apparatus for examining the composition of the product when Me OH is returned to the reactor.
- the experimental equipment is smaller than the actual DME manufacturing equipment.
- the reactor is supplied with CO and H 2 as source gases.
- the slurry in the reactor is composed of 388 g of catalyst and 1552 g of medium oil as shown in Table 4 below.
- reaction conditions in reactor 2 were 260, as shown in Table 5 below.
- C pressure 5MPaG.
- the product gas from the reactor is cooled to 30 ° C by heat exchange, and a gas containing Me OH and H 20 as a main component and a gas containing unreacted gas components, CO 2 , and DME in a gas-liquid separator. And separated into The liquid collected by the gas-liquid separator passes from the gas-liquid separator through a pressure reducing valve. After extraction, the pressure was adjusted to normal pressure, CO 2 and DME were volatilized, and MeOH and H 2 O were obtained as liquids.
- the gas generated during ffi was measured for flow rate using a gas meter and analyzed for composition by gas chromatography. The weight of the obtained liquid was measured, and the composition was analyzed by gas chromatography.
- the flow rate of the gas separated by the gas-liquid separator was measured using a gas meter, and the composition was analyzed by gas chromatography.
- the gas and liquid obtained from the gas-liquid separator are returned to the reactor in an amount corresponding to the total amount of MeOH contained in the liquid.
- the raw material gas is preheated to 110 ° C
- MeOH is preheated to 120 ° C. MeOH sprayed into the source gas under these experimental conditions was completely vaporized.
- the flow rate of CO and H 2 fed to the reactor as a raw material gas are each 18 N LZ rain about, because the product is not a quantity enough to stably operate the distillation column, it is provided to the distillation column Not.
- Table 6 shows a comparison of the composition of the product when MeOH was not added to the reactor (Comparative Example) and when MeOH was added to the reactor (Example).
- the flow rates of the raw materials CO and H 2 are the same.
- the load of the catalyst was increased by the amount of Me OH added, so the flow rates of the raw materials CO and H 2 could be reduced.
- the flow rate of the comparative example was maintained.
- the examples if the flow rates of CO and H 2 in the product were increased, DME would have remained unchanged.
- the flow rates of CO and H 2 in the force product were hardly changed. Better was entering the Me OH Rather, the sum of CO and H 2 flow rate of the product was reduced.
- the amount of DME in the product increased due to the addition of Me OH, and the amount of Me OH in the product did not increase.
- MeOH is an intermediate product of the DME synthesis reaction, and it was thought that its introduction would not hinder the reaction and increase the DME yield. That is, the reactor is not limited the amount that can generate DM E, amount that was charged with MeOH, CO and H 2 was considered that it would be may remain as an unreacted gas without reacting. However, when Me OH was introduced from the reactor inlet, DME production increased even with the same amount of catalyst.
- the reactor 2 of the slurry reaction bed has a vertically long structure, and there are portions at the upper and lower portions that progress the above equations (1) to (3).
- H is obtained from the above equation (1).
- CO and M Although e OH is generated, there is a possibility that the dehydration catalyst that advances equation (2) and the shift catalyst that advances equation (3) are idle.
- MeOH is injected into the lower part of the reactor 2, it is considered that the above formulas (2) and (3) are advanced by the dehydration catalyst and the shift catalyst, and the DME production increases.
- FIG. 13 shows the change over time of the C ⁇ conversion rate when the MeOH purity of the MeOH charged into the reactor 2 was changed.
- distilled water H 2 0
- MeOH distilled water
- the raw material input amount is the same as in the example.
- the Me OH amount was the amount of the Me OH component in H 2 ⁇ + Me ⁇ H.
- the raw material input amount is the same as in the example.
- the flow rate of H 2 ⁇ CO ⁇ Me OH does not change, but the H 2 mass increases.
- the CO conversion is a value that indicates how much of the raw material CO has turned into a product.
- M e OH purity Do falls mostly C_ ⁇ Utati ⁇ that it 95 wt%, whereas, ivy is divided to M e OH purity 80 mass 0/0's and CO conversion rate decreases slightly. That, M e OH purity 95 mass 0/0 At time Heni spoon is negligible force MeO H purity 80 mass 0/0 At time Retsui ⁇ is a negligible les.
- the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, but can be variously modified.
- a two-stage ' It may be separated by a gas-liquid separator.
- the generated gas is cooled to, for example, about 30 ° C. in the first stage of gas-liquid separation to obtain a liquid mainly composed of Me ⁇ H and H 2 ⁇ .
- obtain a liquid of a two-stage gas-liquid separation C_ ⁇ 2 took dissolved product gas for example, cooling to an 30-1 50 ° about C in apparatus DME.
- MeOH may be purified from the liquid containing MeOH and H 2 O as main components separated by the first-stage gas-liquid separator, and the MeH may be returned to the reactor.
- a medium oil used as a medium in a synthesis reaction of a slurry one-bed reaction method which has 16 to 50 carbon atoms, 1 to 7 tertiary carbon atoms, 0 quaternary carbon atoms as main components.
- the number of carbon atoms in the branched chain bonded to the tertiary carbon is 1 to 16, and at least one tertiary carbon is bonded to a hydrocarbon chain having a carbon length of 4 or more in three directions.
- a medium oil for a slurry one-bed reaction system characterized by containing a branched saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon.
- the branched saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon has a general formula (I)
- I 1 , R 2 and R 4 are each independently an n- or i_alkyl group having 4 to 16 carbon atoms
- R 3 is an n- or i-alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms
- n is an integer from 0 to 37
- p is an integer from 0 to 12.
- one of [] (CR 2 H)-,-(CH 2 )-,- (CR 3 H) — is combined in an arbitrary order, and the total number of each unit is m, n, and p, respectively.
- the pour point of the medium oil is 110 ° C or less.
- a method for producing dimethyl ether characterized by flowing a raw material gas containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen through a catalyst slurry containing the same.
- the present invention relates to a medium oil for a slurry one-bed reaction system and a method for producing dimethyl ether.
- “medium oil” refers to, for example, a liquid used as a medium in a slurry bed reactor (sometimes called a suspended bubble column reactor or a gas-liquid-solid mixing reactor).
- the liquid including at least the substance which is a liquid under the reaction conditions
- dimethyl ether is mainly made of methanol.
- a process for synthesizing dimethyl ether directly from a source gas containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen has been developed.
- the following chemical reaction formula (1) and chemical reaction formula (2) are used in the presence of, for example, a copper-based methanol synthesis catalyst and, for example, a methanol dehydration catalyst (methanol conversion catalyst) such as alumina. ),
- a copper-based methanol synthesis catalyst and, for example, a methanol dehydration catalyst (methanol conversion catalyst) such as alumina.
- methanol conversion catalyst methanol conversion catalyst
- the synthesis of dimethinooleatenole is achieved. That is, methanol is produced from carbon monoxide and hydrogen by the methanol synthesis catalyst, and then the methanol produced earlier is dehydrated and condensed by the methanol dehydration catalyst to produce dimethyl ether and water.
- the water generated here further reacts with carbon monoxide as shown in chemical reaction formula (3) to become carbon dioxide and hydrogen.
- the above-mentioned synthesis reaction is a strong and exothermic reaction, and there is a problem that the catalyst used is deactivated by high temperature.
- Patent Document 1 is an application filed by Air Products and Chemicals, Inc. Have been.
- a medium oil for forming a catalyst slurry in a reactor a paraffinic hydrocarbon or a hydrocarbon mixture is mentioned.
- Witco 70 a natural mineral oil called Witco 70 was purified. Is used.
- Air Products and Chemicals and Incorporated also reported in Non-Patent Document 1 the synthesis of dimethyl ether using a slurry bed.
- Drakeo 110 a natural mineral oil refined medium Uses oil. ⁇
- Patent Document 2 by Sungyuyu et al. Also discloses a method of synthesizing gasoline components via dimethyl ether using hydrogen and carbon monoxide as raw materials using a slurry bed reactor. ing. 'Here, as the slurry medium oil, a medium oil derived from a natural mineral oil called Witco 40, Witco 70, or Freezene 100 is used. Similarly, Non-Patent Document 2 and other papers by Sangly et al. Reported the synthesis of slurry-bed dimethyl ether, where Witco 40 and Witco 70 were used as medium oils. I have.
- the medium oils called Witco 40, Witco 70, Friezene 100, and Drakeol 10 were obtained by ring analysis using the n-d-M method (ASTM D3238) performed by the present inventors. According to both 0/0 C P (percentage of paraffin carbon atoms in total number of carbon) is below 70. Further, according to the results of the molecular structure using NMR or the like, Witco 40, Witco 70, Freezene 100, and Drakeo 110 all show that the proportion of carbon having a branch, that is, The number of carbons having three or more carbon bonds accounts for more than 20% of the total carbon number.
- the catalyst may be deactivated by coking the medium oil.
- the present inventors have proposed that as a medium oil used in the production of an oxygen-containing compound represented by dimethyl ether using a slurry bed reactor, the main component is a hydrocarbon, and the paraffin carbon number is A medium oil characterized by occupying 70% or more of the prime number was proposed in Patent Document 3 earlier.
- Typical examples of the medium oil include polybutene whose main components are obtained by copolymerizing isobutene and n-butene.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Publication No. 07-057739
- Patent Document 2 US Patent No. 5,459,166
- Non-Patent Document 2 Sun g gyu Le e, e t a 1., "A S i n g l e-S t a g e, L i qu i d—Pha se D ime t hy l E t h e r Syn t h
- a medium oil such as polybutene shown in Patent Document 3 has a higher heat stability and a lower freezing point than a medium oil derived from a natural mineral oil. It brought high reactivity to the synthesis of dimethyl ether and the like.
- the present invention is to provide a medium oil having a high boiling point, a low freezing point, excellent stability, and a medium oil that provides high reactivity to the synthesis of dimethyl ether or the like as a medium oil.
- the present invention that solves the above-mentioned problem is a medium oil used as a medium in a synthesis reaction of a slurry one-bed reaction system, which has, as a main component, a carbon number of 16 to 50 and a tertiary carbon number. 1-7, quaternary carbon number is 0, the number of carbon atoms in the branch attached to the tertiary carbon is 1-16, and at least one tertiary carbon has 4 carbon atoms in three directions.
- a medium oil for a slurry single-bed reaction system characterized by containing a branched saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon which is bonded to a hydrocarbon chain having the above chain length.
- the branched saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon has 20 to 40 carbon atoms and has a tertiary carbon of 1 to 4. Further, in the present invention, the branched saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon has a general formula (I)
- R ⁇ R 2 and R 4 each independently represent a carbon number of 4 to: n— or i-alkyl group of L 6, R 3 represents an n— or i-alkyl group of 1 to 3 carbon atoms, m Is an integer from 1 to 7, n is an integer from 0 to 37, and p is an integer from 0 to 12.
- m is an integer from 1 to 7
- n is an integer from 0 to 37
- p is an integer from 0 to 12.
- [] (CR 2 H)-,-(CH 2 )-,- (CR ' 3 H) — is combined in an arbitrary order, and the total number of each unit is m, n, and p, respectively.
- the present invention provides a slurry bed in which the branched saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon is a di-octamer of "-olefin" having 6 to 18 carbon atoms. 1 shows a medium oil for a reaction system.
- the pour point of the medium oil for the slurry one-bed reaction system is desirably 11 ° C or less.
- the present invention also provides a medium oil for a slurry bed reaction system, wherein the synthesis reaction of the slurry bed reaction system is to synthesize an oxygen-containing organic compound, particularly dimethyl ether, from a raw material gas containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen. Things.
- the present invention for resolving the above! Is also characterized by (1) a medium oil of the above-mentioned medium oil for a slurry bed reaction system, (2) a methanol synthesis catalyst, (3) a methanol dehydration catalyst and a shift catalyst, or methanol.
- a method for producing dimethyl ether characterized by flowing a raw material gas containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen through a catalyst slurry containing a mixture of a dehydration / shift catalyst.
- the present invention for solving the above-mentioned problems further comprises (1) a medium oil of the above-mentioned medium oil for a slurry bed reaction system, (2) a methanol synthesis catalyst, and (3) a methanol dehydration catalyst (L shift catalyst or methanol dehydration catalyst).
- a method for producing a mixture of dimethyl ether and methanol characterized by flowing a raw material gas containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen through a catalyst slurry containing a mixture with a shift catalyst.
- the synthesis efficiency of oxygen-containing compounds such as dimethyl ether can be improved, and a high synthesis efficiency can be maintained over a long period of time. It can be used stably for a long time without volatilization. This is extremely advantageous for the production of oxygen-containing organic compounds such as dimethyl ether, which requires high production efficiency.
- the medium oil for a slurry bed reaction system has, as main components, a carbon number of 16 to 50, a tertiary carbon number of 1 to 7, a quaternary carbon number of 0, and a bond to a tertiary carbon.
- the branched chain has 1 to 16 carbon atoms, and at least one tertiary carbon is bonded to a hydrocarbon chain having a carbon length of 4 or more in three directions. It is characterized by containing a saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon.
- the “main component” means that the medium oil contains 70% by weight or more, preferably 9% by weight or more.
- the branched saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon as a main component has a carbon number of 16 to 50, for example, when the carbon number is less than 16. If, for example, the boiling point is lowered and desired characteristics cannot be obtained, on the other hand, if the number of carbon atoms exceeds 50, for example, the raw material gas solubility may not be sufficient.
- the branched saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon preferably has a carbon number of 20 to 40, particularly preferably 30 to 40. desirable.
- the reason that the tertiary carbon number is 1 to 7 is that if the tertiary carbon number is 0, when the total carbon number is 16 to 50, the freezing point increases and it becomes a solid at room temperature. Handling becomes difficult.On the other hand, when the tertiary carbon number exceeds 7, the stability of the molecule decreases, and polymerization tends to occur. Is to rise. Increasing the viscosity of the liquid not only increases the resistance during liquid sending, but also increases the diameter of bubbles dispersed in the slurry one-bed reactor, reduces gas hold-up, and is preferable because it lowers reactivity. What?
- the tertiary carbon number is more preferably 1 to 4, and particularly preferably 1 to 3.
- the reason that the quaternary carbon is not contained in the medium oil of the present invention is that the medium oil having the quaternary carbon has a chronological change like a medium oil such as polybutene shown in Patent Document 3. Thermal decomposition may occur due to the use of this material, causing problems in stability. Quaternary carbons are more susceptible to dissociation of intramolecular bonds than tertiary carbons, and it is desirable that the necessary branches are formed by tertiary carbons.
- the number of carbon atoms of the branched chain bonded to the tertiary carbon is 1 to 16, which is because when the number of carbon atoms exceeds 16, the number of carbon atoms exceeds 50. is there.
- the longest carbon sequence in one molecule is defined as a main chain, and the branch is defined as a carbon sequence protruding from the main chain.
- At least one tertiary carbon is bonded to a hydrocarbon chain having a chain length of 4 or more carbon atoms in three directions.
- a hydrocarbon chain having a chain length of 4 or more carbon atoms in three directions By having a molecular structure, it can exist as a liquid between the pour point and the boiling point. This is because if the area is expanded, it can be realized with the minimum branching power. Since dissociation of intramolecular bonds is likely to occur at this branch, it is desirable to minimize branching. More preferably, it is desirable to bond to a hydrocarbon chain having a chain length of 8 or more carbon atoms in three directions.
- Such a branched saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon in the medium oil of the present invention is not particularly limited, but includes, for example, a compound represented by the following general formula (I).
- I 1 , R 2 and R 4 are each independently an n- or i-alkyl group having 4 to 16 carbon atoms, and R 3 is an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms:! To 3) group, m: an integer of ⁇ 7, n is 0-3 7 integers, p is 0:. an integer of L 2 However [] one in the (CR 2 H) one, single (CH 2 )-,-(CR 3 H)-are combined in any order, and the total number of each unit is m, n, and p, respectively.)
- I 1 , R 2 , and R 4 in the general formula (I) include, for example, n-hexyl group, n-pentyl group, ethylhexyl group, n-octynole group, n-noninole group, Examples include, but are not limited to, n-decyl groups. ''
- R 3 in the general formula (I) specifically includes, for example, a methynole group, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group, and an isopropyl group.
- the medium oil of the present invention is a medium oil of the conventional ⁇ P medium oil (for example, the medium oil described in the section of the prior art) as a minor component in addition to the branched saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon as the main component. Can be contained. Furthermore, the medium oil of the present invention may contain, for example, hydrocarbons containing oxygen, nitrogen, silicon, and halogen as impurities in addition to the main components and the small components. In addition, two or more different types of branched saturated aliphatic hydrocarbons are used in combination as the main component. It is also possible.
- the medium oil of the present invention may be of synthetic or natural oil origin, but is preferably a plaything.
- a method of separating paraffin from natural oil by using adsorption on a molecular sieve, distillation or distillation from natural oil Separation by solvent and solvent extraction hydrogenation of natural oil, synthesis with product selectivity (paraffin selectivity) such as Fischer's Tropsch synthesis, or polymerization or ⁇ -olefin Copolymerization methods can be used.
- the method for polymerizing or copolymerizing ⁇ -olefin is not particularly limited, but is preferably a dimer to octamer of ⁇ -olefin having 6 to 18 carbon atoms, more preferably 1-otaten, 1 It is desirable to obtain di-pentamers of a-olefin having 8 to 12 carbon atoms such as decene and 1-dodecene. As one of the most preferable examples, for example, poly-1-decene (trimer) can be shown.
- ⁇ -olefin for example, aluminum trichloride, boron trifluoride or boron trifluoride and water, alcohol such as ethanol, propanol or butanol, carboxylic acid, or ethyl acetate or propionate
- a polymerization catalyst such as a free-radical catalyst containing a complex with an ester such as ethyl ester.
- Fischer-Tropsch synthesis is a method of synthesizing liquid hydrocarbons by reacting carbon monoxide with hydrogen using a catalyst (eg, an iron-based, cobalt-based or nickel-based catalyst, or ruthenium catalyst). is there.
- a catalyst eg, an iron-based, cobalt-based or nickel-based catalyst, or ruthenium catalyst.
- the branched saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon satisfying the above conditions according to the present invention is 30
- the medium oil is contained in the medium oil with respect to the total number of carbon atoms of the medium oil (that is, the sum of the carbon number of carbon dioxide as the main component and the carbon number of other minor components). Percentage of saturated aliphatic hydrocarbons (% CP ) 1S 70% or more, preferably 80% or more. When 0 / oC P of the medium oil is less than 7 0%, it may not be possible to maintain the synthesis efficiency of an oxygen-containing organic compound for a long time.
- the ratio of the number of saturated aliphatic hydrocarbons contained in the medium oil to the: ⁇ prime number of the medium oil is not limited to the following analytical methods.
- the n-d-M method AS TMD 3 2 It can be determined by ring analysis using 38
- the ratio of the saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon in the present specification is a value determined by the ndM method.
- ring analysis refers to the assignment of carbon atoms (ie,%) of all the compounds that make up the oil, using a calculation formula that has been prepared in advance from the values of the physicochemical properties of the oil (ie, the oil composition or oil mixture). C A ,% C N ,% C K ,% C P ).
- o / o C A is the percentage of the number of aromatic carbon atoms contained in the oil to be analyzed (that is, the number of ring member carbon atoms in the aromatic ring) to the total number of carbon atoms in the oil to be analyzed.
- % C N is to the total number of carbon atoms of the analyte oil is a percentage of naphthenic carbon atoms contained in the analyte oil (i.e., the number of ring members of carbon atoms of the alicyclic ring)
- % C R is to the total number of carbon atoms of the analyte oil
- % C P is, with respect to a total number of carbon atoms of the analyte oil, during analyte oil It is the percentage of the number of paraffin carbon atoms (ie, the number of carbon atoms in the saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon chain).
- the weight average molecular weight of the medium oil of the present invention is not particularly limited, but is preferably from 200 to 800, more preferably from 280 to 600, and most preferably. Or 400 to 600. If the weight average molecular weight of the medium oil is less than 170, the evaporation of the medium oil during the reaction becomes excessive, and it is necessary to increase the capacity of the trap for the evaporation medium oil provided downstream of the reactor and the capacity of the oil recycling pump. Plant costs increase. Also, it may be difficult to control the amount of oil in the reactor and control the temperature. If the weight average molecular weight of the medium oil exceeds 800, the viscosity of the oil increases, and the solubility of CO and H 2 decreases, so that the reactivity of the synthesis reaction decreases.
- the weight average molecular weight of the medium oil of the present invention can be determined by, for example, a mass spectrometer or gel permeation chromatography.
- the pour point of the medium oil of the present invention is not particularly limited, but is preferably 11 ° C or less, more preferably 120 ° C or less, and still more preferably 130 ° C or less. It is as follows. If the pour point is higher than -10 ° C, it may solidify at around room temperature or at a normal winter temperature, so that it is necessary to keep the piping warm, which increases plant costs and oil handling. Work itself may be difficult. Moreover, the DME produced by DME synthesis reaction.
- the pour point of the medium oil is desirably 120 ° C or less, more preferably _30 ° C or less.
- the tiff's pour point can be determined by, for example, JISK2269, and the pour point in the present specification is a value determined by JISK2269 described above.
- the viscosity of the medium oil of the present invention is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.05 to 10 cP at the reaction temperature. If the viscosity of the medium oil is more than 10 cP, the moving speed of the raw material gas and products dissolved in the liquid phase of the slurry one-bed reaction layer decreases, and the gas diameter increases due to an increase in bubble diameter. Hold-up ⁇ The total surface area of bubbles may decrease and the reaction rate may decrease.
- heat exchange such as the DME synthesis reaction requires heat removal from the reactor, so heat exchange is installed inside the reactor. However, it is necessary to increase the heat transfer area.
- the viscosity of the medium oil is less than 0.05 cP, the catalyst is likely to settle, and the catalyst is poorly dispersed, so that the degree of contact between the catalyst and the raw material gas is reduced.
- the reaction rate may decrease.
- the viscosity can be determined, for example, by calculating a kinematic viscosity and a specific gravity, and the viscosity can be calculated from the kinematic viscosity and the specific gravity.
- the viscosity in the present specification is determined by the method described above.
- the whey content in the medium oil according to the present invention is preferably not more than a few ppm, more preferably not more than 1 ppm. If the Y content in the medium oil is higher than the above range, the Y may poison the catalyst and reduce the activity of the catalyst.
- the 50% distillation point of the medium oil according to the invention i.e. the 50% oil evaporation under normal pressure, preferably at 230 ° C or higher. 50% distillation point ⁇ ⁇ If the amount of evaporation of the medium oil is large under pressure conditions, It is necessary to increase the capacity of the group, and the plan cost may increase. Alternatively, it may be difficult to control the amount of medium oil in the reactor, and control of the reaction may be difficult.
- Other physical properties of the medium oil that affect the reaction include the solubility or dissolution rate of the raw materials, products, and reaction intermediates.
- the solubility and dissolution rate of raw materials such as carbon monoxide and hydrogen
- reaction intermediates such as methanol and water
- products such as dimethyl ether and carbon dioxide in the medium oil depend on the reaction. It is mentioned as a physical property of the medium oil which influences. If the solubility or dissolution rate of the raw material gas in the medium oil is low, the efficiency with which the raw material gas reaches the catalyst and is converted decreases.
- the medium oil of the present invention can satisfy such requirements for the solubility and the dissolution rate described above.
- the medium oil of the present invention is a medium oil used in a slurry bed reaction system.
- the slurry bed reaction system is not particularly limited as long as it is a slurry single bed reaction system in which the reaction is carried out in a catalyst slurry which is a mixture of a solid catalyst and a medium oil.
- a slurry bed reaction system for synthesizing another organic compound (hydrocarbon) ⁇ oxygen organic compound from a raw material gas containing an organic compound (hydrocarbon) or carbon monoxide and hydrogen can be mentioned.
- the medium oil of the present invention can be particularly suitably used in a slurry one-bed reaction system for synthesizing an oxygen-containing shelf compound from a raw material gas containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen.
- the oxygen-containing organic compound include ethers such as dimethyl ether, methyl tertiary butyl ether, ethyl tertiary butyl ether and tertiary amyl methyl ether, alcohols such as methanol monoethanol, dimethyl carbonate, and the like.
- ethers such as dimethyl ether, methyl tertiary butyl ether, ethyl tertiary butyl ether and tertiary amyl methyl ether
- alcohols such as methanol monoethanol, dimethyl carbonate, and the like.
- carboxylic acids such as acetoaldehyde and acetic acid, and dimethoxyethane or dimethoxyethane.
- the medium oil according to the present invention may be used in addition to oxygen-containing organic compounds, such as olefins such as propylene and ethylene. It can also be used for the synthesis of hydrocarbons such as components.
- the above synthesis includes not only the synthesis of hydrocarbons and oxygen-containing compounds as final products, but also the synthesis of hydrocarbons and oxygen compounds as reaction intermediates.
- a conventionally known method for producing dimethyl ether can be applied as it is, except that the medium oil according to the present invention is used as the medium oil. That is, a raw material gas containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen is passed through a single catalyst slurry comprising a mixture of a medium oil according to the present invention, a methanol synthesis catalyst, a methanol dehydration catalyst or a methanol dehydration shift catalyst.
- a catalyst having three functions of methanol synthesis, methanol dehydration, and shift.
- the raw material gas can be supplied, for example, by reforming coal gasiline methane, and the reaction is preferably performed at 150 ° C to 400 ° C, more preferably at 250 ° C to 300 ° C. C is more preferred. Further, the reaction pressure is preferably from 1 to 5 MPa, more preferably from 3 to 7 MPa. Amount of catalyst to be present in the medium oil is preferably 1 to 5 0 wt 0/0 for medium oil, more preferably 1 0-3 0 weight 0/0 Rere.
- a methanol synthesis catalyst of ⁇ for example, a composition formula: Cu-Zn-MO (M is aluminum, silicon, titanium, zirconium, chromium , Cerium, and gallium are one or more metal atoms selected from the group consisting of).
- a known methanol dehydration catalyst for example, a methanol dehydration catalyst containing alumina as a main component, silica, silica 'alumina or zeolite as a main component Can be used.
- a methanol dehydration catalyst containing alumina as a main component, silica, silica 'alumina or zeolite as a main component can be used.
- copper, iron, chromium, or the like can be used as the shift catalyst.
- a methanol dehydration / shift catalyst may be used instead of using the combination of the methanol dehydration catalyst and the shift catalyst.
- This methanol dehydration and shift catalyst is a catalyst having a methanol dehydration function and a shift function.
- Catalyst ie, a methanol dehydration shift catalyst containing copper oxide and containing alumina as a main component (composition formula: Cu-Al-0)
- a copper oxide and silicon Methanol dehydration ⁇ shift catalyst composition formula: Cu-Si-O
- composition formula: Cu-Si- A l O composition formula: Cu-S i- A l O
- the conventional method for producing a mixture of dimethyl ether and methanol is used as the medium oil
- the conventional method for producing a mixture of dimethyl ether and methanol is used.
- a raw material gas containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen is passed through a catalyst slurry layer comprising a mixture of the medium oil according to the present invention, a methanol synthesis catalyst, and a methanol dehydration catalyst or a methanol dehydration / shift catalyst.
- a mixture of dimethyl ether and methanol can be produced.
- the present invention can be applied to a case where a catalyst having three functions of methanol synthesis, methanol separation dehydration, and shift is used.
- the methanol synthesis catalyst, the methanol dehydration catalyst, and the methanol dehydration shift catalyst used in the production of the mixture the same compounds as those used in the above-mentioned method for producing dimethyl ether can be used.
- polymerization was carried out at 120 to 30 ° C with an aluminum chloride catalyst and water (a cocatalyst), and the mixture was saturated with hydrogen and purified.
- the physical properties were adjusted according to the conditions of the raw material, the polymerization and / or the purification (fractionation) conditions.
- Each chemical property of the obtained medium oil was measured by the following means. That is, For the weight average molecular weight of the medium oil, use a mass spectrometer and gel permeation chromatograph.
- each of the obtained ⁇ -olefin oligomers has the above-mentioned structural formula represented by the general formula (I), has a weight average molecular weight of 427, and a vapor pressure at 260 ° C.
- the kneading point was 1.2 kPa
- the pour point was 170 ° C.
- the physical properties such as the percentage of paraffin carbon number (% C P ), viscosity, and pour point were all within the expected ranges described above. Further, the content of zeolite in the obtained medium oil was 1 ppm or less.
- this medium oil is referred to as the medium oil of Example 1.
- n-butene and isobutene including a small amount of butane
- the vapor pressure of a medium oil with a weight average molecular weight of 300 at 260 ° C is 27 kPa, and the pour point is 1-40.
- the vapor pressure at 260 of the medium oil with a weight average molecular weight of 470 was 2. OkPa, and the pour point was 120 ° C.
- a medium oil having a weight average molecular weight of 300 is defined as a medium oil of Comparative Example 1
- a medium oil having a weight average molecular weight of 470 is defined as a medium oil of Comparative Example 2.
- FIG. 14 is a configuration diagram for explaining a synthesis apparatus for synthesizing dimethyl ether.
- the gas (product gas) that has passed through the reactor is cooled to about 30 ° C by heat exchange, and a liquid containing methanol and water as main components in a gas-liquid separator; It was separated into unreacted gas components, gases containing carbon dioxide and dimethyl ether.
- the liquid collected by the gas-liquid separator was withdrawn from the gas-liquid separator through a pressure reducing valve, brought to normal pressure, and CO 2 and DME were volatilized to obtain MeOH and H 2 0 as liquid.
- the gas generated at that time (omitted in Fig. 14) was analyzed for composition by gas chromatography after measuring the flow rate using a gas meter.
- the resulting liquid was analyzed for composition by gas chromatography after weighing for a certain recovery time.
- the flow rate of the gas separated by the gas-liquid separator was measured using a gas meter, and the composition was analyzed using a gas chromatograph.
- V in represents the flow rate of carbon monoxide in the raw material gas
- V is u + represents the flow rate of carbon monoxide in the product gas
- the W surface represents the yield of dimethyl ether per hour, and represents the weight of the catalyst.
- Table 7 below shows the results of the above (1) to (4) in Example 2 and Comparative Examples 3 and 4.
- the molecular weight distribution of the medium oil scattered in Comparative Example 3 extends to the molecular weight range of the fraction separated by fractionation, and from the results of GC-MS analysis of the scattered medium oil, the rapidity in the quaternary carbon part was determined. Was suggested.
- Comparative Example 4 the medium oil of Comparative Example 2
- the amount of the medium oil scattered was almost the same as that of the medium oil of Example 1, but the initial and stable CO conversion rates were low, and the DME yield reduction rate was low. Was too big. This is presumed to be due to the high viscosity of the medium oil of Comparative Example 2 and the low solubility of the raw material gas.
- the molecular weight distribution of the medium oil scattered in Comparative Example 2 also extends to the molecular weight range of the fraction separated by fractionation, and the GC-MS analysis results of this scattered medium oil suggest heat: ⁇ in the quaternary carbon part. Was done.
- the medium oil of Example 1 was mainly composed of trimers and tetramers, and contained trace amounts of dimers, pentamers and hexamers.
- the flying medium oil was mainly composed of trimers and contained trace amounts of dimers and tetramers, but did not contain pyrolysis products.
- Example 2 and Comparative Examples 3 and 4 the scattering amount of the medium oil was smaller than the scattering amount calculated from the vapor pressure at 260 ° C. This is because ⁇ J ⁇ at the upper part of the reactor is controlled to about 110 ° C, and only the medium oil that has passed there by gas or mist flows out. Normally, the medium oil scattered from the reactor is separated only from the medium oil and returned to the reactor by a high-pressure pump to keep the feel constant. In Example 2 and Comparative Example 4, this was not performed because the amount of medium oil scattered was very small. In Comparative Example 3, the amount of scattering was expected to increase due to the circulation of lightened medium oil. Therefore, the same weight of unused medium oil of the same composition was replenished.
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
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Description
Claims
Priority Applications (8)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/546,221 US20060120953A1 (en) | 2003-03-06 | 2004-03-05 | Method for preparing synthesis gas, method for preparing dimethyl ether using synthesis gas, and furnace for preparing synthesis gas |
AU2004218098A AU2004218098B2 (en) | 2003-03-06 | 2004-03-05 | Method for preparing synthesis gas, method for preparing dimethyl ether using synthesis gas and furnace for preparing synthetic gas |
EP04717750A EP1604948A4 (en) | 2003-03-06 | 2004-03-05 | SYNTHESEGAS MANUFACTURING METHOD AND DIMETHYL ETHER MANUFACTURING SYNTHESEGAS AND OVEN FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF SYNTHESEGAS |
NO20052970A NO20052970L (no) | 2003-03-06 | 2005-06-17 | Fremgangsmate for fremstilling av syntesegass, fremgangsmate for fremstilling av dimetyleter ved anvendelse av syntesegass, og brennkammer for fremstilling av syntesegass. |
AU2008202975A AU2008202975B2 (en) | 2003-03-06 | 2008-07-04 | Method for preparing synthesis gas, method for preparing dimethyl ether using synthesis gas, and furnace for preparing synthetic gas |
US12/800,051 US20100317747A1 (en) | 2003-03-06 | 2010-05-07 | Medium oil used for a synthesis reaction, process for preparing dimethyl ether and process for preparing a mixture of dimethyl ether and methanol |
US13/370,007 US8536385B2 (en) | 2003-03-06 | 2012-02-09 | Process for preparing dimethyl ether and process for preparing a mixture of dimethyl ether and methanol |
NO20130812A NO20130812L (no) | 2003-03-06 | 2013-06-07 | Olje for syntese med slurry-bed og fremgangsmate for fremstillig av dimetyleter og en blanding av dimetyleter og metanol |
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JP2003-059898 | 2003-03-06 | ||
JP2003060560 | 2003-03-06 | ||
JP2003059898 | 2003-03-06 | ||
JP2003-059840 | 2003-03-06 | ||
JP2003-060560 | 2003-03-06 | ||
JP2003059840 | 2003-03-06 | ||
JP2003059897A JP2004269294A (ja) | 2003-03-06 | 2003-03-06 | 合成ガスの製造方法および合成ガスを用いたジメチルエーテルの製造方法 |
JP2003-059897 | 2003-03-06 | ||
JP2004061170A JP4344846B2 (ja) | 2003-03-06 | 2004-03-04 | ジメチルエーテルの製造方法及び装置 |
JP2004060291A JP4283709B2 (ja) | 2003-03-06 | 2004-03-04 | スラリー床反応方式用媒体油及びジメチルエーテルの製造方法 |
JP2004-061170 | 2004-03-04 | ||
JP2004-061445 | 2004-03-04 | ||
JP2004061446A JP2004284946A (ja) | 2003-03-06 | 2004-03-04 | 合成ガスの製造方法 |
JP2004061445A JP4204494B2 (ja) | 2004-03-04 | 2004-03-04 | 合成ガス製造炉 |
JP2004-060291 | 2004-03-04 | ||
JP2004-061446 | 2004-03-04 |
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US10546221 A-371-Of-International | |||
US12/800,051 Division US20100317747A1 (en) | 2003-03-06 | 2010-05-07 | Medium oil used for a synthesis reaction, process for preparing dimethyl ether and process for preparing a mixture of dimethyl ether and methanol |
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WO2004078645A1 true WO2004078645A1 (ja) | 2004-09-16 |
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US (3) | US20060120953A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1604948A4 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR100792359B1 (ja) |
CN (2) | CN101906023B (ja) |
AU (2) | AU2004218098B2 (ja) |
NO (1) | NO20052970L (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2004078645A1 (ja) |
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US20220154087A1 (en) * | 2020-11-18 | 2022-05-19 | L'Air Liquide, Société Anonyme pour l'Etude et l'Exploitation des Procédés Georges Claude | Carbon dioxide buffer vessel process design |
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- 2004-03-05 EP EP04717750A patent/EP1604948A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2004-03-05 CN CN2010101099410A patent/CN101906023B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
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- 2004-03-05 CN CN2011103934851A patent/CN102530867A/zh active Pending
- 2004-03-05 AU AU2004218098A patent/AU2004218098B2/en not_active Ceased
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US20090100752A1 (en) * | 2004-06-26 | 2009-04-23 | Sessa John P | Device for converting carbonaceous matter into synthesis gas and associated methods |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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NO20052970L (no) | 2005-12-06 |
WO2004078645A8 (ja) | 2005-11-10 |
KR100792359B1 (ko) | 2008-01-08 |
NO20052970D0 (no) | 2005-06-17 |
CN102530867A (zh) | 2012-07-04 |
US20100317747A1 (en) | 2010-12-16 |
AU2004218098B2 (en) | 2008-06-26 |
KR20050111331A (ko) | 2005-11-24 |
US20120157554A1 (en) | 2012-06-21 |
EP1604948A4 (en) | 2011-02-02 |
AU2004218098A1 (en) | 2004-09-16 |
AU2008202975A1 (en) | 2008-07-31 |
CN101906023B (zh) | 2013-05-22 |
EP1604948A1 (en) | 2005-12-14 |
CN101906023A (zh) | 2010-12-08 |
AU2008202975B2 (en) | 2012-01-19 |
US8536385B2 (en) | 2013-09-17 |
US20060120953A1 (en) | 2006-06-08 |
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