Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
  • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
  • F24F12/00—Use of energy recovery systems in air conditioning, ventilation or screening
  • F24F12/001—Use of energy recovery systems in air conditioning, ventilation or screening with heat-exchange between supplied and exhausted air
  • F24F12/006—Use of energy recovery systems in air conditioning, ventilation or screening with heat-exchange between supplied and exhausted air using an air-to-air heat exchanger
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
  • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
  • F24F3/00—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems
  • F24F3/12—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling
  • F24F3/14—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by humidification; by dehumidification
  • F24F3/147—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by humidification; by dehumidification with both heat and humidity transfer between supplied and exhausted air
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
  • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
  • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
  • F28D21/0015—Heat and mass exchangers, e.g. with permeable walls
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
  • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
  • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
  • F28D9/0062—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by spaced plates with inserted elements
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
  • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
  • F28F21/00—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
  • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
  • F28F2255/00—Heat exchanger elements made of materials having special features or resulting from particular manufacturing processes
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
  • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
  • Y02B30/56—Heat recovery units
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10S165/00—Heat exchange
  • Y10S165/905—Materials of manufacture

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a heat exchanger for exchanging indoor air and outdoor air and, more particularly, to a heat exchanger of a ventilating system that is capable of exchanging sensible heat and latent heat between indoor air and outdoor air.
• a ventilating system a device intended for discharging foul indoor air to outside a building and sucking outdoor fresh air into the interior of the building, includes an air cleaner for removing dusts and foreign materials contained in indoor air and a heat exchanger for transferring heat of indoor air being discharged to outdoor air being sucked.
• Figure 1 is a perspective view of a general ventilating system.
• the ventilating system includes a case 2 mounted in a wall of a building which sections an outdoor side and an indoor side; blast fans 4 and 6 inserted in the case 2 and performing a ventilating operation on air being sucked and discharged, an air cleaner (not shown) installed at a portion in the case where outdoor air is sucked and cleaning outdoor air being sucked, and a heat exchanger 8 disposed inside the case 2 and performing heat exchanging between indoor air being discharged to the exterior of the building and outdoor air being sucked to the interior of the building
• the case 2 is mounted penetrating the wall sectioning the indoor side and the outdoor side. Thus, one side of the case is positioned at the interior of the building while the other side is positioned at the exterior of the building.
• An outdoor suction opening 10 through which outdoor air is sucked and an outdoor discharge opening 12 through which indoor air is discharged are formed at the outdoor side of the case 2.
• An indoor discharge opening 14 through which outdoor air is supplied and an indoor suction opening 16 through which indoor air is sucked are formed at the indoor side of the case 2.
• the discharging blast fans 4 is installed at one side of the outdoor discharge opening 12 and provides a blast pressure to discharge indoor air to outside of the building
• the sucking blast fan 6 is installed at one side of the indoor discharge opening 14 and provides a blast pressure to suck outdoor air to the interior of the building.
• FIG 2 is a perspective view of a heat exchanger for a ventilating system in accordance with a conventional art
• Figure 3 is a partial perspective view of the heat exchanger.
• a heat exchanger 8 in accordance with the conventional art includes: heat exchange plates 20 laminated with regular intervals so that a first air passage 26 through which indoor air passes and a second air passage 28 through which outdoor air passes are sequentially formed; first corrugation plates 22 attached to the first air passages 26 between the heat exchange plates 20 and obtaining a space for allowing indoor air to pass through; and second corrugation plates 24 attached to the second air passage 28 between the heat exchange plates 20 and obtaining a space to allow outdoor air to pass through.
• the heat exchange plates 20 are formed in a flat type, made of an aluminum material and carries out a heat exchanging operation between indoor air flowing through the first air passage 26 and outdoor air flowing through the second air passage 28.
• the first and second corrugation plates 22 and 24 are made of the same aluminum material as that of the heat exchange plates 20, and bent several times in a triangular form to obtain the space through which indoor air and outdoor air can pass.
• the heat exchanger 8 is constructed overall in a rectangular form as the first corrugation plates 22, the heat exchange plates 20 and the second corrugation plates 24 are sequentially laminated.
• the outdoor air being sucked absorbs heat contained in indoor air being discharged and is discharged to the interior of the building, so that a rapid change in an indoor temperature is prevented in a ventilating operation.
• the heat exchanging plate 20, the first corrugation plate 22 and the second corrugation plate 24 are made of the aluminum material, heat transfer is possible that heat of indoor air is transferred to outdoor air in terms of the properties of the aluminum material. But since moisture contained in indoor air fails to be transferred to outdoor air, although the change in the indoor temperature can be reduced after the ventilating operation, a humidity changes.
• Another object of the present invention is to provide a heat exchanger of a ventilating system that is capable of improving an indoor environment by radiating negative ions to outdoor air being supplied to the interior of a building.
• a heat exchanger of a ventilating system including: heat exchange plates laminated with regular intervals so that a first air passage through which indoor air being discharged to outside of a building passes and a second air passage through which outdoor air being introduced into the interior of the building passes are sequentially formed; first corrugation plates attached to the first air passage and obtaining a space to allow outdoor air to pass therethrough; and second corrugation plates attached to the second air passage and obtaining a space to allow outdoor air to pass therethrough, wherein the heat exchange plates are made of a paper material with numerous fine holes that are able to generate a capillary phenomenon and loess which radiates far infrared ray.
• the heat exchange plate is fabricated by mixing a Korean paper made of bast fiber of the paper mulberry as a key component and loess radiating far infrared ray.
• the Korean paper contains 60-70% of holo cellulose, 10-20% of lignin and 5-10% of lime.
• a process for fabricating the Korean paper includes the steps of: bundling the paper mulberry, putting it in a container with water, boiling it to a degree that its skin is easily peeled off, peeling and drying them; soaking the dried skin of the paper mulberry in the water, sorting out only the white bast fiber portion, putting the bast fiber portion in caustic soda and boiling it more than three hours, and wringing it with a compressor; putting the moisture-removed bast fiber in a liquid which has been prepared by mashing roots of the paper mulberry and pressing them out, and mixing them evenly, and filtering the resulting paper solution by using a sieve.
• the loess has particles with a size of 0.02-0.05mm.
• the loess has a composition of 60-65% silica (SiO 2 ), 10-13% alumina (AI 2 O 3 ), 5-6% iron content, 1-3% of magnesium, 2-3% of potassium carbonate, and 6-9% lime.
• the first corrugation plate and the second corrugation plate are made of an aluminum material.
• the first corrugation plate and the second corrugation plate are made of a paper material with numerous fine holes that are able to generate a capillary phenomenon and loess which radiates far infrared ray.
• a heat exchanger of a ventilating system including: heat exchange plates laminated with regular intervals so that a first air passage through which indoor air being discharged to outside of a building passes and a second air passage through which outdoor air being introduced into the interior of the building passes are sequentially formed; first corrugation plates attached to the first air passage and obtaining a space to allow outdoor air to pass therethrough; and second corrugation plates attached to the second air passage and obtaining a space to allow outdoor air to pass therethrough, wherein the heat exchange plates are made of a Korean paper with numerous fine holes that are able to generate a capillary phenomenon and charcoal which radiates negative ions.
• the charcoal is fabricated by carbonizing a wood material at a
• the charcoal contains carbon of some 85%.
• the first corrugation plate and the second corrugation plate are fabricated with a Korean paper with numerous fine holes that are able to generate a capillary phenomenon and charcoal which radiates negative ions.
• a heat exchanger of a ventilating system including: heat exchange plates laminated with regular intervals so that a first air passage through which indoor air being discharged to outside of a building passes and a second air passage through which outdoor air being introduced into the interior of the building passes are sequentially formed; first corrugation plates attached to the first air passage and obtaining a space to allow outdoor air to pass therethrough; and second corrugation plates attached to the second air passage and obtaining a space to allow outdoor air to pass therethrough, wherein the heat exchange plates are made of a paper material with numerous fine holes that are able to generate a capillary phenomenon and active carbon which has an air cleaning function.
• the active carbon is fabricated by processing wood or brown coal with chemicals such as zinc chloride or phosphoric acid, an activation agent and drying it, or by activating charcoal with steam.
• the first corrugation plate and the second corrugation plate are fabricated with a paper material with numerous fine holes that are able to generate a capillary phenomenon and active carbon which has an air cleaning function.
• Figure 1 is a partially cut perspective view showing the construction of a general ventilating system
• Figure 2 is a perspective view of a heat exchanger of a ventilating system in accordance with a conventional art
• Figure 3 is a partial perspective view of the heat exchanger of a ventilating system in accordance with the conventional art
• Figure 4 is a perspective view of a heat exchanger of a ventilating system in accordance with a first embodiment of the present invention
• Figure 5 is an exploded perspective view of the heat exchanger of a ventilating system in accordance with the first embodiment of the present invention
• Figure 6 is an exploded perspective view of the heat exchanger of a ventilating system in accordance with a second embodiment of the present invention
• Figure 7 is an exploded perspective view of the heat exchanger of a ventilating system in accordance with a third embodiment of the present invention.
• Figure 8 is an exploded perspective view of the heat exchanger of a ventilating system in accordance with a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
• Figure 4 is a perspective view of a heat exchanger of a ventilating system in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
• a ventilating system of the present invention includes a case 2 mounted penetratingly in a wall of a building which sections an outdoor side and an indoor side of the building. That is, one side of the case 2 is positioned at the exterior of the building while the other side of the case 2 is positioned at the interior of the building.
• the outdoor suction opening 10 through which outdoor air is sucked and an outdoor discharge opening 12 through which indoor air is discharged are respectively connected at the outdoor side of the case 2, while an indoor suction opening 14 through which indoor air is sucked and an indoor discharge opening 16 through which outdoor air is supplied to the interior of the building are connected at the indoor side of the case 2.
• a discharging blast fan 4 is installed to at one side of the outdoor discharge opening 12 to give a blast pressure to indoor air to discharge it to the exterior of the building
• a sucking blast fan 6 is installed at one side of the indoor discharge opening 14 to give outdoor air to suck it into the interior of the building.
• An air cleaner (not shown) is installed on a suction passage inside the case 2 to remove various impurities and dusts contained in outdoor air being sucked to the interior of the building
• a heat exchanger 8 is installed inside the case 2 to carry out a heat exchanging operation between indoor air being discharge to the exterior of the building and outdoor air being sucked to the interior of the building.
• the heat exchanger 8 includes heat exchange plates 54 laminated with predetermined intervals so that a first air passage 50 through which indoor air passes and a second air passage 52 through which outdoor air passes are sequentially formed; a first corrugation plate 56 attached on the first air passage 50 to obtain a space through which the indoor air passes; and a second corrugation plate 58 attached on the second air passage 52 to obtain a space through which the outdoor air passes.
• the heat exchanger 8 has a rectangular form in an overall shape, and the first corrugation plate 56 and the second corrugation plate 58 are arranged to be crossed, so that indoor air and outdoor air flow in the crossing manner, during which heat exchange is carried out through the heat exchange plates 54.
• the heat exchange plate 54 has a thin flat type and is made of a material which is able to pass moisture therethrough so that moisture contained in the indoor air flowing in the first air passage 50 can be transferred to outdoor air flowing in the second air passage 52, and which also has a cleaning function as well such as antibiosis and deodorization.
• the heat exchange plate is fabricated by mixing a Korean paper material with an excellent moisture absorption rate and loess which performs a purification function of removing various harmful materials contained in the outdoor air as well as antibiotic and mothproof functions by radiating far infrared ray to outdoor air being sucked to the interior of the building.
• the Korean paper is fabricated by a Korean particular method, of which main ingredient is the bast fiber of paper mulberry.
• the fabrication process of the Korean paper includes the steps of: bundling the paper mulberry, putting it in a container with water, boiling it to a degree that its skin is easily peeled off, peeling and drying them; soaking the dried skin of the paper mulberry in the water, sorting out only the bast fiber portion, putting the bast fiber portion in caustic soda and boiling it more than three hours, and wringing it with a compressor; putting the moisture-removed bast fiber in a liquid which has been prepared by mashing roots of the paper mulberry and pressing them out, and mixing them evenly, and filtering the resulting paper solution by using a sieve.
• the Korean paper completed by the fabrication process contains 60-70% of holo cellulose, 10-20% of lignin and 5-10% of lime. More specifically, it is preferred that the Korean paper comprises 67.5% of holo cellulose, 14.7% of lignin and 6.22% of lime.
• the Korean paper since its fibers are long in length, narrower in width, fibers are combined tightly, and in addition, since fibrils forming the fiber of cellulose are oriented in an axial direction, the fibers have a high strength. Thus, compared to the general paper, the Korean paper has such an advantage that it can be preserved for a long period. In addition, the numerous fine holes formed between fibers generate the capillary phenomenon, resulting in an excellent moisture absorption capacity.
• the loess is a sort of soil that can be easily collected from soil and has particles with a size of 0.02-0.05 mm and chemical components of 60-65% silica (SiO 2 ), 10-13% alumina (AI 2 O 3 ), 5-6% of iron content, 1-3% of magnesium, 2-3%) of potassium carbonate, and 6-9% lime, etc.
• the loess has a mineral composition comprising 60-70% quartz, 10-20% feldspar and mica, 5-25% carbonate, 2-5% of other minerals.
• the loess having the excellent antibiotic and deodorization functions and excellent purification function by radiation of far infrared ray
• formation of the heat exchange plates with loess along with the Korean paper would ensure purification of outdoor air being supplied to the interior of the building after passing through the heat exchange plates and removal of various harmful materials contained in the outdoor air.
• the loess is mixed in water to have a certain viscosity, which is then applied to the heat exchanging plate, thereby completing formation of the heat exchange plate.
• the loess and the Korean paper can be mixed in other various methods.
• the first corrugation plate 56 and the second corrugation plate 58 can be fabricated with an aluminum material.
• the heat exchange plate 56 is made of the Korean paper material, so that a heat transfer performance of transferring heat of indoor air to outdoor air betters. And thanks to the capillary phenomenon occurring by the numerous fine holes formed in the heat exchange plate 54, moisture contained in the indoor air is absorbed to the heat transfer plate 56, which is then transferred to the outdoor air, according to which the outdoor air sucked to the interior of the building contains heat with a temperature as high as the indoor air being discharged to outside the building and moisture as much as that of the indoor air. Therefore, the temperature and moisture change in the indoor environment can be minimized in the ventilating operation.
• loess is contained in the heat exchange plate 54, far infrared ray is radiated to outdoor air being passed through the second air passage 52, performing a sterilization function and performing a purification function to remove harmful materials contained in the outdoor air. Therefore, clean air is supplied to the interior of the building.
• FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a heat exchanger in accordance with a second embodiment of the present invention.
• a heat exchanger in accordance with a second embodiment of the present invention has the same construction as that of the first embodiment of the present invention except that the heat exchange plate 70 is fabricated with a different material. That is, the heat exchange plate 70 is made by mixing the Korean paper material with an excellent moisture absorption rate in transferring moisture contained in indoor air being discharged to outside the building to outdoor air being sucked to the interior of the building and charcoal which radiates negative ions to outdoor air being sucked to the interior of the building.
• the Korean paper in this connection has the same construction and is fabricated in the same manner as those in the first embodiment of the present invention, descriptions of which are thus omitted.
• Charcoal is made by primarily carbonizing wood at a temperature of
• charcoal In the fabrication process of charcoal, numerous fine holes are formed in charcoal, so that various harmful materials can be adsorbed therethrough, and charcoal has an excellent air cleaning performance with its function of radiating negative ions.
• the heat exchanger in accordance with the second embodiment of the present invention has such an advantage that since the heat exchange plate 70 is fabricated by mixing the Korean paper and charcoal, the sensible heat exchange and the latent heat exchange can be simultaneously carried out, which is a property of the Korean paper, and indoor air can be purified by radiating negative ions, a property of charcoal, to outdoor air being supplied to the interior of the building.
• FIG. 7 is an exploded perspective view of the heat exchanger of a ventilating system in accordance with a third embodiment of the present invention.
• a heat exchange plate 80 Including a heat exchange plate 80, a first corrugation plate 82 and a second corrugation plate 84, a heat exchanger in accordance with a third embodiment of the present invention has the same construction as that of the first embodiment of the present invention except that the heat exchange plate 70 is fabricated with a different material.
• the heat exchange plate 80 is made by mixing the Korean paper material with an excellent moisture absorption rate in transferring moisture contained in indoor air being discharged to outside the building to outdoor air being sucked to the interior of the building and an active carbon which removes a harmful material contained in the air.
• the Korean paper in this connection has the same construction and is fabricated in the same manner as those in the first embodiment of the present invention, descriptions of which are thus omitted.
• the active carbon has a strong adsorption and mostly made of carbon and is fabricated by processing wood or brown coal with chemicals such as zinc chloride or phosphoric acid, an activation agent and drying it, or by activating charcoal with steam.
• the heat exchanger in accordance with the second embodiment of the present invention has such an advantage that since the heat exchange plate 80 is fabricated by mixing the Korean paper and active carbon, the sensible heat exchange and the latent heat exchange can be simultaneously carried out, which is the property of the Korean paper, and a harmful material contained in outdoor air being supplied to the interior of the building can be removed, which is the property of the active carbon.
• FIG 8 is an exploded perspective view of the heat exchanger of a ventilating system in accordance with a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
• a heat exchange plate 90 Including a heat exchange plate 90, a first corrugation plate 92 and a second corrugation plate 94, a heat exchanger in accordance with a fourth embodiment of the present invention has the same construction as that of the first embodiment of the present invention except that the heat exchange plate 80, the first corrugation plate 92 and the second corrugation plate 94 are fabricated with
• the heat exchange plate, the first corrugation plate and the second corrugation plate can be fabricated with a material obtained by mixing the Korean paper and loess, with a material obtained by mixing the Korean paper and charcoal, or with a material obtained by mixing the Korean paper and active carbon.
• the heat exchanger of a ventilating system in accordance with the present invention has the following advantages. That is, first, thanks to the Korean paper fabricated with loess, the sensible heat exchange that heat contained in indoor air being discharged to outside a building is transferred to outdoor air being sucked to the interior of the building and a latent heat exchange that moisture contained in indoor air being discharged to outside the building is transferred to outdoor air being sucked to the interior of the building are simultaneously carried out.
• the far infrared ray radiated from loess performs a cleaning function of removing a harmful material contained in outdoor air, so that a change in temperature and humidity in the interior of the building can be minimized after a ventilating operation and air being supplied into the interior of the building can be cleaned.
• the heat exchanger fabricated with the Korean paper and charcoal the sensible heat exchange that heat contained in indoor air being discharged to outside a building is transferred to outdoor air being sucked to the interior of the building and a latent heat exchange that moisture contained in indoor air being discharged to outside the building is transferred to outdoor air being sucked to the interior of the building are simultaneously carried out.
• the negative ions radiated from charcoal performs a cleaning function of removing a harmful material contained in outdoor air, so that a change in temperature and humidity in the interior of the building can be minimized after a ventilating operation and a clean air can be supplied into the interior of the building.
• the sensible heat transfer and the latent heat transfer are simultaneously carried out, so that air being supplied to the interior of the building can be purified.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Thermal Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
• Building Environments (AREA)
• Drying Of Gases (AREA)
• Central Air Conditioning (AREA)

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• 2003
  • 2003-02-04 DE DE60322118T patent/DE60322118D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2003-02-04 WO PCT/KR2003/000245 patent/WO2004070312A1/en not_active Ceased
  • 2003-02-04 EP EP03703497A patent/EP1590621B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2003-02-04 AT AT03703497T patent/ATE400789T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2003-02-04 US US10/538,070 patent/US7188666B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2003-02-04 ES ES03703497T patent/ES2307897T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2003-02-04 AU AU2003206235A patent/AU2003206235B2/en not_active Ceased
  • 2003-02-04 CN CNB038258560A patent/CN100526733C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related

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