WO2004067809A1 - Procede de regeneration d'un bain d'electrolyse pour la fabrication d'un compose i-iii-vi2 en couches minces - Google Patents
Procede de regeneration d'un bain d'electrolyse pour la fabrication d'un compose i-iii-vi2 en couches minces Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2004067809A1 WO2004067809A1 PCT/FR2003/003608 FR0303608W WO2004067809A1 WO 2004067809 A1 WO2004067809 A1 WO 2004067809A1 FR 0303608 W FR0303608 W FR 0303608W WO 2004067809 A1 WO2004067809 A1 WO 2004067809A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- bath
- selenium
- iii
- active
- electrolysis
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D21/00—Processes for servicing or operating cells for electrolytic coating
- C25D21/16—Regeneration of process solutions
- C25D21/18—Regeneration of process solutions of electrolytes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D9/00—Electrolytic coating other than with metals
- C25D9/04—Electrolytic coating other than with metals with inorganic materials
- C25D9/08—Electrolytic coating other than with metals with inorganic materials by cathodic processes
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the manufacture of semiconductors of type I-III-VI 2 in thin layers, in particular for the design of solar cells.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a process for manufacturing thin layers of a compound 1-III-VI.y (where there is close to 2) by electrolysis, which ensures the stabilization and the reproducibility of the deposition conditions.
- An underlying aim is to be able to carry out on large surfaces a large number of successive deposits of thin layers having the desired morphology and composition.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a process for manufacturing thin layers of the compound I-III-VI y , which ensures a satisfactory lifetime of the electrolysis bath, as well as an efficient regeneration of the raw materials consumed during electrolysis.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a process for manufacturing thin layers of the compound I-III-VI y , which ensures regeneration of the raw materials consumed during electrolysis, without however unbalancing the composition of the electrolysis bath. and then reduce its lifespan.
- the method within the meaning of the invention further comprises a step c) of regeneration of selenium in active form in said bath, in order to increase a lifetime of said electrolysis bath.
- a step c) of regeneration of selenium in active form in said bath in order to increase a lifetime of said electrolysis bath.
- step c at least one new thin layer of I-III-VI y is formed .
- step c) selenium is added to the bath to form an excess of active selenium in the bath.
- step c) an oxidant of selenium is introduced into the bath, in order to regenerate selenium in active form.
- the electrolysis bath when it ages during deposition, exhibits selenium colloids.
- This selenium in the form of colloids has an oxidation state of 0 and, in the context of the present invention, is not capable of combining with elements I and III.
- the bath comprises selenium in the form of colloids in step b)
- the abovementioned oxidant is capable of regenerating selenium in the form of colloids, into selenium in active form.
- the term “selenium in active form” is understood to mean selenium at the oxidation state IV, capable of being reduced to the electrode in ionic form Se 2 " and of combining naturally with the elements I and III to form the thin layers of I-III-VI y , and being distinguished from selenium of oxidation state 0, for example in the form of colloids in the bath solution, which does not combine with elements I and III.
- said oxidant is hydrogen peroxide, preferably in concentration in the bath of an order of magnitude corresponding substantially to at least five times the initial concentration of selenium in the bath.
- step c) is advantageously provided for regenerating the electrolysis bath by the introduction of oxides and / or of hydroxides of elements I and III.
- FIG. 1 shows schematically a thin layer obtained by the implementation of the method according to the invention
- FIG. 2 shows schematically an electrolysis bath for the implementation of the method according to the invention.
- CO layers of copper and indium diselenide are obtained at ambient pressure and temperature by electrodeposition of a thin layer of precursors of suitable composition and morphology, on a glass substrate S covered with molybdenum MO.
- precursor layer is understood to mean a thin layer of overall composition close to CuInSe 2 and directly obtained after deposition by electrolysis, without any subsequent treatment.
- the electrodeposition is carried out from an acid bath B (FIG. 2), stirred by blades M, containing an indium salt, a copper salt and dissolved selenium oxide.
- concentrations of these precursor elements are between 10 "4 and 10 " 2 M.
- the pH of the solution is fixed between 1 and 4.
- the difference in electrical potential applied to the molybdenum electrode is between -0.8 and -1.2 V compared to the reference electrode REF.
- Layers of thickness between 1 and 4 microns are obtained, with current densities between 0.5 and 10 mA / cm 2 .
- a typical deposit is made from a bath, the initial formulation of which is as follows:
- the precursors are deposited by a cathodic reaction with an imposed potential, at ⁇ 1 V relative to the REF electrode.
- the current density is -1 mA / cm 2 .
- the bath is recharged with Cu, In and Se elements based on the number of coulombs indicated by a detection cell (not shown) which thus counts the number of ions having interacted in the bath solution.
- This recharging keeps the concentration of the elements constant during successive electrodeposits.
- the pH can also be readjusted by adding sodium hydroxide (such as NaOH, for a concentration such as 1M) but this measurement is not systematically necessary here, as will be seen below.
- this separation disappears by regenerating the selenium bath, even before regenerating the Cu and In elements.
- active selenium with degree of oxidation IV usually denoted Se (IV)
- inactive selenium with degree of oxidation 0 which is generally observed in the form of colloids in the electrolysis bath. and usually noted Se (0).
- the active selenium Se (IV) is the only one capable of being reduced to the Ca electrode in the ionic form Se 2 " and of combining, in this form, with the elements Cu and In to form the thin layers of CuInSe 2 .
- an oxidant is used which allows the selenium to be re-oxidized in the form Se (0), in order to obtain selenium in the form Se (IV).
- an oxidant is used which allows the selenium to be re-oxidized in the form Se (0), in order to obtain selenium in the form Se (IV).
- use is preferably made of hydrogen peroxide H 2 0 2 , by putting a large excess of H 2 0 2 in the solution (concentration of the order of 10 "2 M, preferably close to 4.10 " 2 M).
- the layers become adherent again for 4 to 5 successive deposits of thin layers, then peel off again.
- the renewal of this operation also makes it possible to again obtain adherent layers.
- the addition of hydrogen peroxide also makes it possible to obtain thin layers of relatively smoother morphology.
- oxides or hydroxides of copper and / or indium are also added for regenerate the CuInSe 2 electrolysis bath into copper and / or indiu.
- the layer of electrodeposited precursors contains the elements in composition close to the stoichiometry I-III-VI 2 .
- the compositions and morphology are checked during electrolysis. These agents (excess of Se (IV) or H 2 0 2 ) can easily be used for any type of electrolysis bath allowing the electrodeposition of I-III-VI systems such as Cu-In-Ga-Al-Se- S.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)
- Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
- Electroplating And Plating Baths Therefor (AREA)
- Electrodes For Compound Or Non-Metal Manufacture (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (7)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/540,731 US7273539B2 (en) | 2002-12-26 | 2003-12-05 | Method for regeneration of an electrolysis bath for the production of a compound I-III-VI2 in thin layers |
CA2516166A CA2516166C (fr) | 2002-12-26 | 2003-12-05 | Procede de regeneration d'un bain d'electrolyse pour la fabrication d'un compose i-iii-vi2 en couches minces |
AU2003298431A AU2003298431B2 (en) | 2002-12-26 | 2003-12-05 | Method for regeneration of an electrolysis bath for the production of a compound I-III-VI<SB>2</SB> in thin layers |
JP2004567354A JP4418370B2 (ja) | 2002-12-26 | 2003-12-05 | 薄層状の化合物i−iii−vi2の生産用電解浴の再生方法 |
EP03796179.4A EP1576209B1 (fr) | 2002-12-26 | 2003-12-05 | PROCEDE DE REGENERATION D'UN BAIN D'ELECTROLYSE POUR LA FABRICATION D'UN COMPOSE I-III-VI sb 2 /sb EN COUCHES MINC ES |
DK03796179.4T DK1576209T3 (da) | 2002-12-26 | 2003-12-05 | Fremgangsmåde til regenerering af et elektrolysebad til fremstillingen af en forbindelse i-iii-vi sb 2 /sb i tynde lag |
ES03796179T ES2420179T3 (es) | 2002-12-26 | 2003-12-05 | Procedimiento de regeneración de un baño electrolítico para la fabricación de un compuesto I-III-VI sb 2/sb en láminas delgadas |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR02/16712 | 2002-12-26 | ||
FR0216712A FR2849450B1 (fr) | 2002-12-26 | 2002-12-26 | Procede de regeneration d'un bain d'electrolyse pour la fabrication d'un compose i-iii-vi2 en couches minces |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2004067809A1 true WO2004067809A1 (fr) | 2004-08-12 |
Family
ID=32480206
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/FR2003/003608 WO2004067809A1 (fr) | 2002-12-26 | 2003-12-05 | Procede de regeneration d'un bain d'electrolyse pour la fabrication d'un compose i-iii-vi2 en couches minces |
Country Status (11)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7273539B2 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP1576209B1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP4418370B2 (fr) |
AU (1) | AU2003298431B2 (fr) |
CA (1) | CA2516166C (fr) |
CY (1) | CY1114335T1 (fr) |
DK (1) | DK1576209T3 (fr) |
ES (1) | ES2420179T3 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2849450B1 (fr) |
PT (1) | PT1576209E (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2004067809A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2886460B1 (fr) | 2005-05-25 | 2007-08-24 | Electricite De France | Sulfurisation et selenisation de couches de cigs electrodepose par recuit thermique |
CN100465351C (zh) * | 2006-03-02 | 2009-03-04 | 桂林工学院 | 一种太阳能电池薄膜材料的电化学沉积制备工艺 |
US8414961B1 (en) | 2006-12-13 | 2013-04-09 | Nanosolar, Inc. | Solution deposited transparent conductors |
FR2951022B1 (fr) * | 2009-10-07 | 2012-07-27 | Nexcis | Fabrication de couches minces a proprietes photovoltaiques, a base d'un alliage de type i-iii-vi2, par electro-depots successifs et post-traitement thermique. |
FR2957365B1 (fr) * | 2010-03-11 | 2012-04-27 | Electricite De France | Procede de preparation d'une couche mince d'absorbeur pour cellules photovoltaiques |
KR101129194B1 (ko) * | 2010-07-20 | 2012-03-26 | 한국에너지기술연구원 | 고밀도를 갖는 태양전지용 cis계 화합물 박막의 제조방법 및 상기 cis계 화합물 박막을 이용한 박막 태양전지의 제조방법 |
US20140158021A1 (en) * | 2012-12-11 | 2014-06-12 | Wei Pan | Electrochemical Synthesis of Selenium Nanoparticles |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4253919A (en) * | 1980-01-21 | 1981-03-03 | The International Nickel Company, Inc. | Electrodeposition of cadmium-selenium semiconducting photoelectrodes from an acid citrate bath |
US4687559A (en) * | 1984-03-16 | 1987-08-18 | Helsco Metals Inc. | Treatment of residues for metal recovery |
US5071568A (en) * | 1990-10-31 | 1991-12-10 | Union Oil Company Of California | Selenium removal process |
US5510040A (en) * | 1994-11-21 | 1996-04-23 | Nalco Chemical Company | Removal of selenium from water by complexation with polymeric dithiocarbamates |
-
2002
- 2002-12-26 FR FR0216712A patent/FR2849450B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2003
- 2003-12-05 CA CA2516166A patent/CA2516166C/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-12-05 PT PT37961794T patent/PT1576209E/pt unknown
- 2003-12-05 WO PCT/FR2003/003608 patent/WO2004067809A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2003-12-05 DK DK03796179.4T patent/DK1576209T3/da active
- 2003-12-05 US US10/540,731 patent/US7273539B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-12-05 ES ES03796179T patent/ES2420179T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-12-05 EP EP03796179.4A patent/EP1576209B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-12-05 AU AU2003298431A patent/AU2003298431B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2003-12-05 JP JP2004567354A patent/JP4418370B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2013
- 2013-07-05 CY CY20131100569T patent/CY1114335T1/el unknown
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4253919A (en) * | 1980-01-21 | 1981-03-03 | The International Nickel Company, Inc. | Electrodeposition of cadmium-selenium semiconducting photoelectrodes from an acid citrate bath |
US4687559A (en) * | 1984-03-16 | 1987-08-18 | Helsco Metals Inc. | Treatment of residues for metal recovery |
US5071568A (en) * | 1990-10-31 | 1991-12-10 | Union Oil Company Of California | Selenium removal process |
US5510040A (en) * | 1994-11-21 | 1996-04-23 | Nalco Chemical Company | Removal of selenium from water by complexation with polymeric dithiocarbamates |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
Title |
---|
GUILLEN C ET AL: "CATHODIC ELECTRODEPOSITION OF CUINSE2 THIN FILMS", THIN SOLID FILMS, ELSEVIER-SEQUOIA S.A. LAUSANNE, CH, vol. 195, no. 1 / 2, 1991, pages 137 - 146, XP000177084, ISSN: 0040-6090 * |
KURANOUCHI S ET AL: "Study of one-step electrodeposition condition for preparation of CuIn(Se,S)2 thin films", SOLAR ENERGY MATERIALS AND SOLAR CELLS, ELSEVIER SCIENCE PUBLISHERS, AMSTERDAM, NL, vol. 50, no. 1-4, 1998, pages 31 - 36, XP004102488, ISSN: 0927-0248 * |
YAMAMOTO A ET AL: "Composition control of electrodeposited Cu-In-Se layers for thin film CuInSe2 preparation", SOLAR ENERGY MATERIALS AND SOLAR CELLS, ELSEVIER SCIENCE PUBLISHERS, AMSTERDAM, NL, vol. 50, no. 1-4, 1998, pages 25 - 30, XP004102487, ISSN: 0927-0248 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US7273539B2 (en) | 2007-09-25 |
US20060084196A1 (en) | 2006-04-20 |
CY1114335T1 (el) | 2016-08-31 |
EP1576209A1 (fr) | 2005-09-21 |
ES2420179T3 (es) | 2013-08-22 |
PT1576209E (pt) | 2013-07-12 |
JP2006512483A (ja) | 2006-04-13 |
CA2516166A1 (fr) | 2004-08-12 |
AU2003298431A8 (en) | 2004-08-23 |
FR2849450B1 (fr) | 2005-03-11 |
AU2003298431A1 (en) | 2004-08-23 |
EP1576209B1 (fr) | 2013-05-29 |
CA2516166C (fr) | 2011-11-15 |
AU2003298431B2 (en) | 2009-10-08 |
FR2849450A1 (fr) | 2004-07-02 |
DK1576209T3 (da) | 2013-07-08 |
JP4418370B2 (ja) | 2010-02-17 |
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