WO2004050146A1 - 白血球除去方法、白血球除去フィルター及びその使用 - Google Patents
白血球除去方法、白血球除去フィルター及びその使用 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2004050146A1 WO2004050146A1 PCT/JP2003/015398 JP0315398W WO2004050146A1 WO 2004050146 A1 WO2004050146 A1 WO 2004050146A1 JP 0315398 W JP0315398 W JP 0315398W WO 2004050146 A1 WO2004050146 A1 WO 2004050146A1
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- Prior art keywords
- leukocyte
- leukocyte removal
- filter
- removal filter
- nonwoven fabric
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
- A61M1/34—Filtering material out of the blood by passing it through a membrane, i.e. hemofiltration or diafiltration
- A61M1/3496—Plasmapheresis; Leucopheresis; Lymphopheresis
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
- A61M1/36—Other treatment of blood in a by-pass of the natural circulatory system, e.g. temperature adaptation, irradiation ; Extra-corporeal blood circuits
- A61M1/3621—Extra-corporeal blood circuits
- A61M1/3627—Degassing devices; Buffer reservoirs; Drip chambers; Blood filters
- A61M1/3633—Blood component filters, e.g. leukocyte filters
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
- A61M1/36—Other treatment of blood in a by-pass of the natural circulatory system, e.g. temperature adaptation, irradiation ; Extra-corporeal blood circuits
- A61M1/3621—Extra-corporeal blood circuits
- A61M1/3627—Degassing devices; Buffer reservoirs; Drip chambers; Blood filters
- A61M1/3633—Blood component filters, e.g. leukocyte filters
- A61M1/3635—Constructional details
- A61M1/3636—Constructional details having a flexible housing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D39/14—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material
- B01D39/16—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres
- B01D39/1607—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres the material being fibrous
- B01D39/1623—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres the material being fibrous of synthetic origin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M2202/00—Special media to be introduced, removed or treated
- A61M2202/04—Liquids
- A61M2202/0413—Blood
- A61M2202/0439—White blood cells; Leucocytes
Definitions
- Leukocyte removal method Leukocyte removal filter and use thereof
- the present invention uses a specific leukocyte removal filter from a blood product for transfusion such as a whole blood product, an erythrocyte product, a platelet product and a plasma product, and a leukocyte-containing liquid such as an intermediate for producing them. And a method for obtaining a liquid from which leukocytes have been removed.
- the present invention also relates to a method for removing leukocytes by using a specific leukocyte removal filter in extracorporeal circulation therapy to obtain a liquid from which leukocytes have been removed.
- component blood transfusion In the field of blood transfusion, in addition to the so-called whole blood transfusion, a blood component obtained by adding a blood coagulation agent to blood collected from a donor, the blood components required by the recipient are extracted from the whole blood product.
- component blood transfusion which separates and infuses the blood components, is becoming common.
- Component transfusions include erythrocyte transfusions, platelet transfusions, plasma transfusions, etc., depending on the type of blood components required by the recipient.
- the blood products used for these transfusions include erythrocyte products, platelet products, plasma products, etc. There is.
- leukocyte transfusion in which blood products are transfused after removing leukocytes contained in blood products, has become widespread.
- This may include relatively minor side effects such as headache, nausea, chills, and non-hemolytic fever reactions associated with blood transfusions, sensitization to aroantigen, which has a serious effect on recipients, viral infection, and GVHD after blood transfusion. It has been shown that the serious side effects of this are caused mainly by leukocytes contaminating blood products used for transfusion.
- centrifugal separation which uses a centrifuge to separate and remove leukocytes using the difference in specific gravity of blood components, and fiber aggregates such as nonwoven fabrics and continuous pores.
- filters There are two types of filters, a filter that removes leukocytes using a filter material consisting of a porous structure or the like.
- the filter method for removing leukocytes by adhesion or adsorption is currently the most widespread because it has advantages such as easy operation and low cost.
- Fiber aggregates such as the above nonwoven fabrics or continuous air The mechanism of leukocyte removal by a filter material such as a porous structure having L is mainly based on the fact that leukocytes in contact with the filter material surface are adhered or adsorbed to the filter material surface. Therefore, as a means of improving the leukocyte removal performance of the conventional filter material, studies should be made to increase the frequency of contact between the filter material and leukocytes, that is, to reduce the fiber diameter ⁇ pore diameter of the nonwoven fabric and increase the bulk density. (Patent No. 17 23 35 13). However, with the improvement of the leukocyte removal ability, the pressure loss at the time of passing the blood product increases, and there has been a problem that the processing speed is extremely reduced before the processing of the expected blood volume is completed.
- the porous structure having continuous pores as no possibility of leukapheresis material clogging by leukocytes, the porous body is disclosed bubble point is 0. 0 8 ⁇ 0. 3 kg Z cm 2 (Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. Hei 1-2224324).
- the inventors of the present inventors have studied, the leukapheresis material be suitable for reducing the leukocyte mixed in the blood product to 1 0 2 to 1 0 3, the present invention With a relatively small average pore size required to achieve the desired leukocyte persistence of 10
- the use of L bodies had the following problems.
- the porous body has an optimum average pore diameter, it exhibits the same leukocyte removal ability at a thickness several times smaller than that of the nonwoven fabric, and can provide an effective means for achieving miniaturization.
- those exhibiting such high leukocyte-removing ability also have high pressure loss due to clogging of leukocytes, and the processing speed of blood is remarkably reduced as in the case of using a nonwoven fabric having a small fiber diameter.
- new requirements have been raised for leukocyte removal filters in medical practice. One of the requirements is not only to improve leukocyte removal performance, but also to improve the recovery of useful components.
- a leukocyte removal filter device that uses a leukocyte removal filter material having a high leukocyte removal performance per unit volume and is filled with a smaller amount of filter material than before. ing.
- the amount of blood remaining in the filter decreases due to the decrease in the filling amount of the filter material, without performing an operation of collecting useful components remaining in the filter.
- the recovery rate of useful components can be improved as compared with the conventional filter device.
- the shape of the leukocyte removal filter device is considered to be a leukocyte removal filter device having a shape equal to or larger than the cross-sectional area of the conventional device and a thin filter material.
- the thickness of the filter material in order to reduce the thickness of the filter material while maintaining the leukocyte removal performance, it is necessary to increase the leukocyte removal performance per unit volume.
- the filter material in the technical field is made uniform, the pore size distribution is narrowed, and the leukocyte-trapping material, which has a large pore volume useful for leukocyte removal, has a large volume.
- the leukocyte-trapping material which has a large pore volume useful for leukocyte removal, has a large volume.
- the filter material which is a non-woven fabric a non-woven fabric in which the fiber diameter distribution is narrowed and the fiber diameter uniformity is improved has been proposed (WO 93/03704 pamphlet). JP-A-7-124255, JP-A-63-175157 and Japanese Patent No.
- the present invention uses a specific leukocyte removal filter to achieve higher leukocyte removal performance and processing without clogging. To provide a short leukocyte removal method Make it an issue.
- the present inventors suppose that a leukocyte-containing liquid is treated with a leukocyte-removing filter particularly when a high-viscosity leukocyte-containing liquid is likely to be clogged, and focused on the fact that uniformity of a nonwoven fabric as a filter material is important.
- a leukocyte removal filter in which the specific structure in the thickness direction, that is, the flow direction of the liquid, is uniformized over the entire filtration surface of the nonwoven fabric, instead of using a conventionally known uniform property element, It has been found that a method for removing leukocytes which has high leukocyte removal performance, does not cause clogging, and has a short processing time can be obtained.
- the present invention includes the following.
- a method for removing leukocytes from a leukocyte-containing liquid by passing a leukocyte-containing liquid through a leukocyte-removing filter including a nonwoven fabric having an average fiber diameter of 0.3 to 3.0 jum to obtain a liquid from which leukocytes have been removed.
- a method for removing leukocytes characterized by using a nonwoven fabric having a formation index y equivalent to 0.3 mm and a thickness of 50 or less.
- a formation index y corresponding to a thickness of 0.3 mm is 50 or less, and y satisfies the following expression.
- a non-woven fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 4 further comprising a filter for removing aggregates on the upstream side and / or a leukocyte removal filter including a post filter on the downstream side.
- the leukocyte removal filter is a cylindrical filter having a liquid inlet and an outlet.
- the container for the leukocyte removal filter is made of a flexible resin. 7.
- the white blood cell-containing liquid selected from the group consisting of whole blood, red blood cell concentrate, platelet concentrate, platelet-rich blood, and platelet-poor blood through a leukocyte removal filter.
- the method for removing leukocytes according to the above.
- the extracorporeal circulation is performed by continuously extracting whole blood from the patient's body, passing the whole blood through a leukocyte removal filter, and returning the whole blood from which leukocytes have been removed to the patient's body again. And the method of removing leukocytes according to any one of 1 to 11.
- a leukocyte removal method for removing leukocytes from a leukocyte-containing liquid using a leukocyte removal filter containing a nonwoven fabric having an average fiber diameter of 0.3 to 3.0 m, a thickness of 0.3 mm for the method.
- a leukocyte-containing liquid selected from any one of whole blood, erythrocyte concentrate, platelet concentrate, platelet-rich plasma, and platelet-poor plasma.
- leukocyte removal filters that include nonwoven fabrics with an average fiber diameter of 0.3 to 3.0 / m, include nonwoven fabrics with a formation index y of 50 or less, equivalent to a thickness of 0.3 mm.
- a leukocyte removal filter comprising a filter for removing aggregates on the upstream side of the nonwoven fabric according to any one of claims 25-28 and a post filter on the Z side or a downstream side.
- a flat filter having an inlet and an outlet for liquid.
- the leukocyte removal filter according to any one of the above.
- the leukocyte removal filter according to any one of claims 25 to 29, wherein the filter is a cylindrical filter having a liquid inlet and an outlet.
- any of claims 25 to 32 which is used to remove leukocytes from a leukocyte-containing liquid selected from any one of whole blood, red blood cell concentrate, platelet concentrate, platelet-rich plasma, and platelet-poor plasma.
- the leukocyte-removing filter according to any one of the above.
- An extracorporeal blood circulation device having at least the leukocyte removal filter according to any one of claims 25 to 33.
- the leukocyte removal filter according to any one of claims 25 to 33, an inlet for introducing whole blood taken out of the body of the patient into the leukocyte removal filter, and the whole blood from which leukocytes have been removed again.
- An extracorporeal blood circulation device having at least an outlet for returning to the patient's body.
- FIG. 1 is a graph showing the relationship between the formation index of the leukocyte removal filters of Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4 and the residual ratio of leukocytes.
- FIG. 2 is a graph showing the relationship between the formation index and the blood processing pressure of the leukocyte removal filters of Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4.
- FIG. 3 is a graph showing the blood recovery rate and the time required for a series of operations for the leukocyte removal filters of Examples 4 to 6 and Comparative Examples 5 to 8.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the concept of uniformity in a conventional leukocyte removal filter.
- the arrows indicate the direction of flow of the liquid, and the width indicates the ease of flow. The larger the width, the easier it is to flow.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating the concept of uniformity in the leukocyte removal filter 1 of the present invention.
- the leukocyte-containing liquid in the present invention is a generic term for a body fluid containing leukocytes and synthetic blood, and specifically, whole blood, red blood cell concentrate, washed red blood cell suspension, thawed red blood cell concentrate, synthetic blood, poor blood Single blood or multiple blood types prepared from whole blood, such as platelet blood (PPP), platelet-rich plasma (PRP), plasma, frozen plasma, platelet concentrate and puffy coat (BC)
- PPP platelet blood
- PRP platelet-rich plasma
- plasma frozen plasma
- It is a liquid composed of components, a solution in which an anticoagulant or a preservative is added to those liquids, or a whole blood product, a red blood cell product, a platelet product, a plasma product, or the like.
- the liquid obtained by treating the above liquid by the method of the present invention is referred to as a liquid from which leukocytes have been removed.
- the leukocyte-containing liquid is passed through a leukocyte removal filter containing a specific nonwoven fabric, that is, a highly uniform nonwoven fabric in which a specific structure in a flow direction is uniform over the entire filtration surface.
- a liquid from which water has been removed can be obtained.
- highly uniform nonwoven fabric refers to a nonwoven fabric having a formation index, which is an index for evaluating how much the structure in the thickness direction varies in a direction perpendicular to the thickness direction, within a specific range.
- the formation index referred to in the present invention refers to the absorbance of a porous body, which is detected by irradiating light from below the nonwoven fabric, detecting the transmitted light with a charge-coupled device camera (hereinafter abbreviated as CCD camera), and detecting each pixel of the CCD camera. Is the value obtained by multiplying the coefficient of variation (%) by 10 times.
- CCD camera charge-coupled device camera
- the specific calculation method is as follows.
- Formation index coefficient of variation X 10
- the higher the formation index the more uneven the light transmission of the nonwoven fabric.
- the physical property element in the thickness direction of the nonwoven fabric is non-uniform throughout the filtration surface direction (that is, the surface direction perpendicular to the thickness direction).
- the physical property elements are, for example, average fiber diameter, average pore diameter (gap formed by dispersion of fibers), basis weight, and the like. If the formation index is high, pores in the nonwoven fabric are not evenly arranged. It means that the fiber dispersion is uneven, and that the basis weight of one filter material is uneven.
- a portion of the non-woven fabric having high and low liquid permeation resistances is formed, so that when a liquid containing white blood cells (hereinafter sometimes simply referred to as blood, etc.) flows, a portion having a low liquid permeation resistance is formed.
- the filter material in areas where the flow resistance is high and blood or the like is difficult to flow is not fully utilized, and when viewed as a whole filter, the ability to remove white blood cells per unit volume is reduced, and the flow of blood and the like is reduced. Concentration tends to cause a reduction in the actual liquid passage area and clogging, resulting in a reduction in processing speed.
- Fig. 4 schematically shows such a state, and it can be seen that the structure in the thickness direction of one part is different from that of another part, and that uniformity over the entire filtration surface is not maintained.
- a lower formation index indicates that light is more evenly transmitted through the nonwoven fabric.
- the structure in the thickness direction of the nonwoven fabric can be considered to be uniform over the entire filtering surface.
- a low formation index means that the arrangement of pores in the nonwoven fabric, the dispersion of fibers, the basis weight of the filter material, etc. are more uniform overall, and the uniformity of individual physical elements is It is not necessarily limited.
- a uniform flow can be achieved by flowing a liquid such as blood, since the liquid flow resistance cannot be uneven in the nonwoven fabric.
- the filter material is fully and evenly used, and when viewed as a whole, the leukocyte removal capacity per unit volume is high, and the flow of blood etc. is dispersed, and the actual flow area is reduced and clogged. Does not occur and shortens processing time be able to.
- FIG. 5 schematically shows such a state.
- the formation index was measured by a formation tester FMT-MIII (Nomura Shoji Co., Ltd., manufactured in 2002, SZN: 130). The basic settings of the tester were not changed from the factory shipment, and the total number of pixels of the CCD camera was measured at about 3400.
- a substantially homogeneous nonwoven fabric means that the nonwoven fabrics have the same physical properties (material, fiber diameter, filling rate, etc.). If substantially the same amount of non-woven fabric as the required quantity cannot be obtained from within the same filter, measurement may be performed by combining non-woven fabrics of the same type of filter.
- a leukocyte removal filter including a nonwoven fabric having a formation index y of 0.3 mm or less and a formation index y of 50 or less. If the formation index y is larger than 50, the structure in the thickness direction of the nonwoven fabric is not uniform with respect to the direction of the filtration surface, and blood does not flow evenly through the nonwoven fabric, so that sufficient leukocyte removal performance cannot be obtained. The processing area decreases and the clogging tends to occur, and the processing speed decreases. On the other hand, if the formation index is smaller than 15, it is difficult to produce a nonwoven fabric, and the production efficiency becomes unsatisfactory. Therefore, the preferable formation index y is 15 or more and 50 or less. The more preferable formation index y is 16 or more and 48 or less, further preferably 17 or more and 45 or less, and particularly preferably 17 or more and 41 or less.
- the filter material was 50 or less.
- the leukocyte-removing filter used in the leukocyte-removing method of the present invention includes the nonwoven fabric having the above-mentioned formation index, and such a highly uniform nonwoven fabric can be produced by any of a wet method and a dry method. it can. In terms of obtaining ultrafine fibers, it is preferably produced by a melt blow method, a flash spinning method or a papermaking method.
- melt blowing method An example of a melt blowing method will be described as a method for producing a nonwoven fabric in the present invention.
- the molten polymer stream melted in the extruder is filtered by a suitable filter, guided to the melt polymer introduction portion of the melt blow die, and then discharged from the orifice-shaped nozzle.
- the heated gas introduced into the heated gas The heated non-woven fabric is led to a heated gas jetting slit formed by a roller blow die and a lip, and is jetted out of the slit to thin the discharged molten polymer to form ultrafine fibers and laminate them. Get.
- the spinning factors to be considered to improve the uniformity of the nonwoven fabric structure and keep the formation index in the desired range are resin viscosity, melting temperature, discharge amount per single hole, heated gas temperature, heated gas pressure, and spinning.
- the distance between the mouth and the integration net is mentioned.
- nonwoven fabric material of the present invention examples include polyurethane, poly (meth) acrylate, polyacrylonitrile, polyvinyl acetal, polyester, polyamide, polysulfone, polystyrene, polyethylene, polypropylene, cellulose, cellulose acetate, and glass. Suitable are polyester, polyamide, polyacrylonitrile, polypropylene and the like, and particularly preferred are polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate and polypropylene.
- the fibers of the nonwoven fabric of the present invention have an average fiber diameter of 0.3 m or more and 3.0 im or less, preferably 0.3 // m or more and 2.5 m or less, more preferably 0.5 / m or more and 2.5 m or less.
- the average fiber diameter is larger than 3.0 jum, the specific surface area is reduced, and the number of times of contact with leukocytes is reduced, which tends to make it difficult to capture leukocytes. If less than 3 jUm, clogging of blood cells tends to increase, which is not preferable.
- the average fiber diameter refers to a value determined according to the following procedure. That is, a part of one filter material which is considered to be substantially uniform is sampled at several places from one or a plurality of substantially non-woven fabrics constituting the filter material, and photographed using a scanning electron microscope or the like. Continue to take pictures until the total number of fibers taken in the photograph exceeds 100, and measure the diameter of all the fibers in the picture obtained in this way. Here, the diameter is perpendicular to the fiber axis. W 200
- the average fiber diameter is the value obtained by dividing the sum of the diameters of all the measured fibers by the number of fibers.
- the diameter is significantly different. If there is a mixture of fibers, the focus of the photograph is shifted and the boundaries of the fibers are not clear, etc., delete these data.
- the average fiber diameter is clearly different between the upstream side and the downstream side, this is no longer recognized as a single filter material.
- “J where the average fiber diameter is clearly different means a case where a statistically significant difference is recognized.
- the filling rate of the non-woven fabric also contributes to the leukocyte removal performance
- the filling ratio of the non-woven fabric in the present invention refers to the area, thickness, and weight of the non-woven fabric cut to an arbitrary size.
- the specific gravity of the material composing the nonwoven fabric is measured by the following formula (1): Filling rate- ⁇ weight of nonwoven fabric (g) ⁇ (area of nonwoven fabric (cm 2 ) X thickness of nonwoven fabric)
- the filling rate is preferably 0.05 to 0.03, more preferably 0.07 to 0.25. Particularly preferably, it is 0.07 or more and 0.20. If the filling ratio is larger than 0.30, the flow resistance of the nonwoven fabric increases, which is not preferable in terms of flowability.On the other hand, if the filling ratio is smaller than 0.05, leukocytes pass without being captured by the nonwoven fabric fibers, Leukocyte removal performance decreases. It is still not preferable because the mechanical strength of the nonwoven fabric also decreases.
- Non-woven fabrics containing no bundles are preferred.
- the nonwoven fabric used in the leukocyte removal method of the present invention is formed by laminating a plurality of the nonwoven fabrics to be one member of a leukocyte removal filter, and is housed in a container having a liquid inlet and an outlet to constitute a leukocyte removal filter.
- the nonwoven fabric used in the leukocyte removal method of the present invention may constitute all of the leukocyte removal filter material, or may constitute a part of the filter material.
- a nonwoven fabric with a high formation index and a porous body having three-dimensional mesh-like continuous pores such as Z or sponge-like structures are arranged on the upstream side, and a nonwoven cloth with a low formation index on the downstream side. May be.
- the shape of the leukocyte removal filter material is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a plate-like laminated material or a molded product thereof formed into a cylindrical shape.
- the former is compact and relatively easy to mold, so it has been widely used in blood transfusion filters, etc., and the latter is suitable for treating large volumes of liquids, so it can be used favorably as a filter for extracorporeal circulation. .
- One leukocyte removal filter material used in the present invention may be composed of a single filter material, or may be composed of a plurality of filter materials.
- a first filter material for removing microaggregates arranged upstream and a second filter material for removing leukocytes arranged downstream of the first filter material are used.
- a filter material made of a nonwoven fabric having a fiber diameter of several to several tens of meters is arranged at the inlet side as a first filter material for removing aggregates, and then a fiber diameter of 0.3 to 3.0 im is provided.
- a filter material made of nonwoven fabric of the above may be arranged as a second filter material for removing leukocytes, and a boost filter may be arranged downstream of the second filter material as necessary. .
- the placement of a post filter is such that the filter—element is pressed against the outlet container by the positive pressure on the inlet side generated during filtration, and the outlet side This is preferable because the negative pressure prevents the outlet-side container from adhering to the filter element and impeding the flow of blood, and also enhances the weldability between the flexible container and the filter material.
- the post filter has a fibrous porous medium such as a nonwoven fabric, a woven fabric, or a mesh and a three-dimensional mesh-like continuous pore.
- a known filtration medium such as an L substance can be used.
- these materials include examples include polypropylene, polyethylene, styrene-isobutylene-styrene copolymer, polyurethane, polyester, and the like.
- the post filter is a non-woven fabric, it is preferable in terms of productivity and the welding strength of the leukocyte removal filter 1, and if the post filter has a plurality of protrusions by embossing or the like, the flow of blood is further increased. Is particularly preferable because it becomes uniform.
- Each of the first and second filter materials may be further composed of a plurality of types of filter materials, and only one of them may be composed of a plurality of types of filter materials.
- a first filter material made of a nonwoven fabric having a fiber diameter of 30 to 40 im and / or a nonwoven fabric having a fiber diameter of 10 to 20 jUm is disposed on the upstream side, and the downstream side of the first filter material is provided.
- / m and a nonwoven fabric having a fiber diameter of 0.5 to 1.8 / m may be used.
- a nonwoven fabric having a large fiber diameter and a nonwoven fabric having a small fiber diameter may be alternately arranged, and it is preferable that the nonwoven fabric having a large fiber diameter is arranged on the upstream side.
- the surface of these leukocyte removal filter materials may be modified by a known technique such as coating, chemical treatment, or radiation treatment for the purpose of controlling the selective separation of blood cells and the hydrophilicity of the surface.
- the material for the container containing the leukocyte removal filter material may be either a hard resin or a flexible resin.
- a hard resin the material is phenol resin, acrylic resin, epoxy resin, formaldehyde resin, urea resin.
- Gay resin ABS resin, nylon, polyurethane, polycarbonate, vinyl chloride, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyester, styrene-butadiene copolymer and the like.
- a flexible resin it is preferably formed from a sheet or cylindrical molded product made of a flexible synthetic resin.
- the material should be similar in thermal and electrical properties to the filter element.
- a thermoplastic elastomer such as a hydrogenated polymer, a styrene-isoprene-styrene copolymer or a hydrogenated product thereof, and a softening agent such as a thermoplastic elastomer and polyolefin or ethylene-ethyl acrylate
- Materials that are suitable for mixtures of As Preferred are soft vinyl chloride, polyurethane, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, polyolefin, and thermoplastic elastomers containing these as main components, and more preferred are soft vinyl chloride and
- the shape of the container is not particularly limited as long as it has an inlet for a leukocyte-containing liquid and an outlet for a liquid from which leukocytes have been removed, but is preferably a shape corresponding to the shape of one leukocyte removal filter.
- the leukocyte removal filter material is a flat plate, it may be a polygon such as a square or a hexagon, or a flat shape formed of a curve such as a circle or an ellipse.
- the container is composed of an inlet-side container having a liquid inlet and an outlet-side container having a liquid outlet, and both of them sandwich the leukocyte-removing filter material directly or via a support to form an interior of the filter.
- the shape be such that it is divided into chambers and forms a flat leukocyte removal filter.
- the container is preferably also cylindrical. More specifically, the container is composed of a cylindrical body that contains one filter material, an inlet header that has a liquid inlet, and an outlet header that has a liquid outlet, and the inside of the container is introduced from the inlet by potting. It is preferable that the liquid is divided into two chambers so that the separated liquid flows from the outer peripheral part to the inner peripheral part (or from the inner peripheral part to the outer peripheral part) of the cylindrical filter, so that a cylindrical leukocyte removal filter is formed.
- the leukocyte removal method of the present invention will be described. First, an embodiment of a method for preparing each blood product from which leukocytes have been removed will be described, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
- Preservatives such as CPD, CPDA-1, CP2D, ACD-A, ACD-B, heparin, and anticoagulants are added to the collected whole blood, and leukocytes are extracted from whole blood using a leukocyte removal filter.
- the whole blood product is obtained by removing leukocytes.
- a leukocyte-depleted whole blood product in the case of leukocyte depletion before storage, preferably whole blood stored at room temperature or under refrigeration is collected within 72 hours after collection, more preferably within 24 hours, particularly preferably Room temperature within 12 hours, most preferably within 8 hours
- the leukocyte-depleted whole blood product is obtained by performing leukocyte depletion using a leukocyte depletion filter under or under refrigeration.
- leukocyte removal after storage leukocyte removal is performed by removing leukocytes from whole blood stored at room temperature, refrigerated or frozen, preferably using a leukocyte removal filter within 24 hours before use. Obtain a whole blood product.
- a preservative such as CPPD, CPDA-1, CP2D, ACD-A, ACD-, heparin, and an anticoagulant.
- leukocyte-depleted erythrocyte preparation is obtained by centrifuging leukocyte-depleted whole blood.
- centrifugation conditions When whole blood is centrifuged before leukocyte removal, there are two types of centrifugation conditions: weak centrifugation conditions in which red blood cells and PRP are separated, and strong centrifugation conditions in which red blood cells, BC and PPP are separated. If necessary, add a preservative such as SAGM, AS-1, AS-3, AS-5, or MAP to red blood cells separated from whole blood or red blood cells containing BC, and then use a leukocyte removal filter to remove red blood cells. To obtain a leukocyte-depleted erythrocyte preparation by removing leukocytes.
- a preservative such as SAGM, AS-1, AS-3, AS-5, or MAP
- leukocyte-depleted erythrocyte preparations preferably whole blood stored at room temperature or under refrigeration is collected within 72 hours after collection, more preferably within 48 hours, particularly preferably within 24 hours, most preferably Centrifuge preferably within 12 hours.
- leukocyte removal before storage preferably within 120 hours, more preferably within 72 hours, particularly preferably within 24 hours after blood collection from a red blood cell preparation stored at room temperature or under refrigeration, most preferably, The leukocyte-depleted erythrocyte preparation is obtained by removing leukocytes within 12 hours at room temperature or under refrigeration using a leukocyte depletion filter.
- the leukocyte-depleted red blood cell product is preferably removed from the red blood cell product stored at room temperature, refrigerated or frozen using a leukocyte depletion filter within 24 hours before use. Get. (Preparation of leukocyte-free platelet preparation)
- a preservative such as CPD, CPDA-1, CP2D, ACD-A, ACD-B, heparin and anticoagulant to the collected whole blood.
- leukocyte-free platelet preparation is obtained by centrifuging leukocyte-depleted whole blood.
- centrifugation conditions When whole blood is centrifuged before leukocyte removal, there are two types of centrifugation conditions: weak centrifugation conditions in which red blood cells and PRP are separated, and strong centrifugation conditions in which red blood cells, BC and PPP are separated.
- weak centrifugation remove leukocytes from the PRP separated from whole blood with a leukocyte removal filter and then centrifuge to obtain a leukocyte-depleted platelet product, or centrifuge PRP to collect platelets and PPP. Then, leukocytes are removed by a leukocyte removal filter to obtain a leukocyte-free platelet preparation.
- strong centrifugation platelets can be obtained by adding a preservation solution, plasma, etc.
- the obtained platelets are subjected to leukocyte removal using a leukocyte removal filter 1 to obtain a leukocyte-free platelet preparation.
- centrifugation is preferably performed within 24 hours, more preferably within 12 hours, particularly preferably within 8 hours after collection of whole blood stored at room temperature.
- the platelet preparation stored at room temperature is preferably collected within 120 hours, more preferably 72 hours, particularly preferably 24 hours, and most preferably 12 hours after blood collection.
- a leukocyte-depleted platelet preparation is obtained by removing leukocytes using a leukocyte removal filter 1 at room temperature within an hour.
- leukocyte depletion after storage platelet products that are stored at room temperature, refrigerated or frozen are preferably removed by using a leukocyte depletion filter within 24 hours before use to remove leukocytes. Get.
- leukocyte-depleted plasma products are obtained by centrifugation of leukocyte-depleted whole blood.
- centrifugation conditions When whole blood is centrifuged before leukocyte removal, there are two types of centrifugation conditions: weak centrifugation conditions in which red blood cells and PRP are separated, and strong centrifugation conditions in which red blood cells, BC and PPP are separated.
- weak centrifugation conditions PRP is used to remove leukocytes with a leukocyte removal filter and then centrifuged to obtain a leukocyte-depleted plasma product, or PRP is centrifuged into PPP and platelets, and then leukocyte is removed with a leukocyte removal filter. To obtain a leukocyte-depleted plasma product.
- strong centrifugation conditions PPP is subjected to leukocyte removal using a leukocyte removal filter 1 to obtain a leukocyte-depleted plasma product.
- leukocyte-depleted plasma preparations preferably whole blood stored at room temperature or under refrigeration is collected within 72 hours after collection, more preferably within 48 hours, particularly preferably within 24 hours, most preferably within 1 hour. Centrifuge within 2 hours. Also, preferably within 120 hours, more preferably within 72 hours, particularly preferably within 24 hours, most preferably within 12 hours after blood collection from plasma preparations stored at room temperature or refrigerated The leukocyte-depleted plasma preparation is obtained by removing the leukocytes using a leukocyte-removing filter 1 at room temperature or under refrigeration.
- leukocyte depleted plasma is preferably obtained by removing leukocytes from a plasma product stored at room temperature, refrigerated or frozen using a leukocyte depletion filter within 24 hours before use.
- blood is collected with a blood collection needle connected to a whole blood container, and a container containing whole blood or a blood component after centrifugation is connected to a leukocyte removal filter.
- a leukocyte removal filter is connected to remove leukocytes, or at least collect blood using a circuit in which a blood collection needle, a blood container, and a leukocyte removal filter are aseptically connected, and centrifuged.
- whole blood is centrifuged into each component using an automatic component blood collection device, and a preservative solution is added as necessary.Then, immediately pass red blood cells, red blood cells containing BC, BC, platelets, PRP, By removing leukocytes through any of PPPs, a leukocyte-depleted erythrocyte product, a leukocyte-depleted platelet product or a leukocyte-depleted plasma product may be obtained.
- the present invention has higher leukocyte removal performance with respect to any of the above-mentioned blood, and has the effect of shortening the processing time without causing clogging. It is suitable.
- the leukocyte removal is carried out by passing the leukocyte-containing blood through a tube from a container containing the leukocyte-containing liquid, which is installed at a higher position than the leukocyte removal filter, through a tube.
- the leukocyte-containing blood may be pressurized from the inlet side of the leukocyte-removing filter and reduced in pressure from the outlet side of the Z or leukocyte-removing filter, using a pump or other means. May go.
- the following describes a method for removing leukocytes using a leukocyte removal filter in extracorporeal circulation therapy.
- the leukocyte removal start period (processing amount: 0 to 0.5 L) is preferably from 10 to 50 mL / min, more preferably from 20 to 40 mL / min.
- From the start of leukocyte depletion (processing volume 0.2 to 1 2 L) is preferably processed at a flow rate of 30 to 120 mL / min, more preferably a flow rate of 40 to 100 mL / min, and particularly preferably a flow rate of 40 to 60 mL / min.
- a flow rate of 30 to 120 mL / min more preferably a flow rate of 40 to 100 mL / min, and particularly preferably a flow rate of 40 to 60 mL / min.
- PET Polyethylene terephthalate
- Karana basis weight 40 g / m 2 , thickness 0.23 mm, filling rate 0.14, average fiber diameter 1.3 m, formation index 38.0 was used as one leukocyte removal filter material. The formation index was measured by the method described above.
- the blood used for the blood evaluation was whole blood, which was obtained by adding 14 mL of the CPD solution, which is an anticoagulant, to 10 mL of blood immediately after blood collection, mixing and allowing to stand for 2 hours. Pre-filtration blood). Effective filtration area of the eight non-woven fabric 1.3 was packed into a column of cm 2, connecting the inlet of Syringe and column blood filled prefiltration inner diameter 3 mm, an outer diameter 4. Tube made of vinyl chloride 2 mm After that, the solution was passed through a column with a syringe pump at a flow rate of 1.2 mL / min to collect 3 mL (hereinafter, referred to as blood after filtration).
- Leukocyte removal performance was evaluated by determining the leukocyte residual rate.
- the leukocyte residual ratio was calculated by the following equation (2) by measuring the number of leukocytes using a flow cytometry method (apparatus: FACSC aibur manufactured by BECTONDICKINSON).
- Leukocyte residual rate [white blood cell concentration (piece Z i L) (blood after filtration)]
- the white blood cell count was measured by sampling 100 / L of each blood, containing beads, and using an eucocount kit (Nippon Becton Ditzkinson). A pressure gauge was connected to a tube connected to the inlet side of the column, and the pressure applied to the column inlet side at the end of blood filtration was measured with a pressure gauge. The value obtained was taken as the blood processing pressure. W
- Example 1 to Example 4 and Comparative Example 1 to Comparative Example 4 are collectively described in Table 1, FIG. 1 and FIG.
- leukocytes remaining ratio 1. 6 X 1 0- 3, blood processing pressure became 4. 5 k P a.
- the leukocyte residual rate becomes 1 0 4 below, in order number of remaining white blood cells such close measurement limit, in the foregoing embodiment, in conditions such as leukocyte residual rate becomes 1 0 4 or more
- the results of tests made by preparing filters were shown.
- residual leukocyte rate necessary to prevent serious side effects get 1 0_ 4 to 1 0 6 following filter be able to.
- Leukocyte removal from non-woven fabric with PET weight per unit: 40 8/171 2 , thickness: 0.23 mm, filling rate: 0.14, average fiber diameter: 1.3 jum, formation index: 47.5 Used as filter material.
- leukocytes remaining ratio 4. 0 X 1 0- 3, blood processing pressure became 3. 8 k P a.
- Leaf cell removal of non-woven fabric with PET 40g / m2, thickness 0.22mm, filling rate 0.14, average fiber diameter "I.6m, formation index 48.5 The blood test was performed in the same manner as in Example 1. As a result, the residual ratio of leukocytes was 7.2 ⁇ 10 3 , and the blood processing pressure was 4.2 kPa. .
- PET non-woven fabric 39 g m 2 , thickness 0.24 mm, filling rate 0.13, average fiber diameter 1.3 / m, nonwoven fabric with formation index 61.3 leukocyte removal filter Used as material.
- leukocytes remaining ratio 2 8. 5 X 1 0- 3, blood processing pressure became 2. 9 k P a.
- a non-woven fabric having a basis weight of 39 gZm 2 , a thickness of 0.24 mm, a filling rate of 0.13, an average fiber diameter of 1.3 im, and a formation index of 65.0 was used as a leukocyte removal filter material from PET.
- PET Karanari, basis weight 40 gm 2, thickness 0. 23 mm, filling rate 0.1 3, the average fiber diameter 0. 9 U m, the formation index is 62.6 nonwoven fabric was used as the leukocyte-removing filter material Used.
- leukocytes remaining ratio 2. 1 X 1 0- 3, blood processing pressure became 6. 3 k P aa.
- Inlet-side flexible container made of vinyl chloride resin sheet with blood inlet, (2) Weight of 30 g, m 2 , thickness 0.19 mm, PET fiber with average fiber diameter of 12 / m 4 woven fabrics, (3) 40 gZm 2 basis weight, 0.23 mm thick, 0.14 filling factor, 1.3 ⁇ m average fiber diameter, 25 PET nonwoven fabrics with formation index of 38.0, (4 4) PET non-woven fabric with a basis weight of 30 gZm 2 , a thickness of 0.19 mm and an average fiber diameter of 12 m, and (5) an outlet-side flexible container made of a vinyl chloride resin sheet with a blood outlet in this order.
- the blood treatment filter of the present invention is disposed between the storage bag and the collection bag, the inlet conduit connected to the storage bag is connected to the blood inlet of the blood treatment filter, and the outlet conduit connected to the collection bag is connected to the blood treatment filter. Each was connected to one blood outlet.
- bovine blood a bovine erythrocyte concentrate prepared by the following method is used.
- Example 5 to Example 8 and Comparative Example 5 to Comparative Example 8 are summarized in Table 2 and FIG.
- a PET non-woven fabric having a basis weight of 39 gZm 2 , a thickness of 0.24 mm, a filling rate of 0.13, an average fiber diameter of 1.3 jUm, and a formation index of 61.3 was used as a sample.
- the repriming time, processing time, collection time, and blood collection rate were determined by the same filter configuration and evaluation method as in Example 4 except that the number of sheets used was set.
- the leukocyte removal method of the present invention by using the leukocyte removal filter 1 in which the specific structure in the thickness direction, that is, the flow direction of the liquid is made uniform over the entire filtering surface, the leukocyte removal performance is improved as compared with the conventional method.
- the processing time was short, with no clogging. It is extremely effective to use the leukocyte removal method and leukocyte removal filter for capturing leukocytes mixed in blood of the present invention.
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP03776023.8A EP1582228B2 (en) | 2002-12-02 | 2003-12-02 | Method of removing leukocytes, leukocyte-removing filter and utilization thereof |
US10/537,252 US7591954B2 (en) | 2002-12-02 | 2003-12-02 | Method for removing leukocytes, leukocyte-removing filter and utilization thereof |
JP2004556882A JP4134043B2 (ja) | 2002-12-02 | 2003-12-02 | 白血球除去方法、白血球除去フィルター及びその使用 |
AU2003284534A AU2003284534A1 (en) | 2002-12-02 | 2003-12-02 | Method of removing leukocytes, leukocyte-removing filter and utilization thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
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JP2002-349329 | 2002-12-02 | ||
JP2002349329 | 2002-12-02 |
Publications (1)
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WO2004050146A1 true WO2004050146A1 (ja) | 2004-06-17 |
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ID=32463031
Family Applications (1)
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PCT/JP2003/015398 WO2004050146A1 (ja) | 2002-12-02 | 2003-12-02 | 白血球除去方法、白血球除去フィルター及びその使用 |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US7591954B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1582228B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4134043B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR101038248B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN100512891C (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2003284534A1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2004050146A1 (ja) |
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WO2015088019A1 (ja) * | 2013-12-13 | 2015-06-18 | 旭化成メディカル株式会社 | 白血球除去フィルター材、及び白血球を除去する方法 |
JPWO2015088019A1 (ja) * | 2013-12-13 | 2017-03-16 | 旭化成メディカル株式会社 | 白血球除去フィルター材、及び白血球を除去する方法 |
AU2014362169B2 (en) * | 2013-12-13 | 2017-06-08 | Asahi Kasei Medical Co., Ltd. | Leukocyte removal filter material and leukocyte removal method |
US11213776B2 (en) | 2013-12-13 | 2022-01-04 | Asahi Kasei Medical Co., Ltd. | Leukocyte removal filter material and leukocyte removal method |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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US20060184085A1 (en) | 2006-08-17 |
EP1582228A1 (en) | 2005-10-05 |
JP4134043B2 (ja) | 2008-08-13 |
KR101038248B1 (ko) | 2011-06-01 |
KR20050084078A (ko) | 2005-08-26 |
EP1582228A4 (en) | 2008-05-07 |
EP1582228B2 (en) | 2019-03-13 |
AU2003284534A1 (en) | 2004-06-23 |
US7591954B2 (en) | 2009-09-22 |
EP1582228B1 (en) | 2016-04-13 |
CN100512891C (zh) | 2009-07-15 |
CN1729027A (zh) | 2006-02-01 |
JPWO2004050146A1 (ja) | 2006-03-30 |
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