WO2004044528A1 - 測量装置と電子的記憶媒体 - Google Patents
測量装置と電子的記憶媒体 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2004044528A1 WO2004044528A1 PCT/JP2003/014353 JP0314353W WO2004044528A1 WO 2004044528 A1 WO2004044528 A1 WO 2004044528A1 JP 0314353 W JP0314353 W JP 0314353W WO 2004044528 A1 WO2004044528 A1 WO 2004044528A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- straight line
- plane
- measurement
- surveying device
- angle
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C15/00—Surveying instruments or accessories not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C13/00
- G01C15/002—Active optical surveying means
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a surveying instrument and an electronic storage medium, and more particularly to a non-prism measurement capable of measuring a measurement point at a corner.
- a technology has been developed to perform three-dimensional measurement using a non-prism-type station (a surveying instrument) that does not use a reflecting member such as a corner cube.
- the present invention has been devised in view of the above-mentioned problems, and is a surveying device for measuring a distance to a measurement target and a horizontal angle and an altitude angle using reflected light, and an imaging device is connected to the surveying device.
- Arithmetic processing means determines the equation that includes the plane part of the survey target from at least three points of measurement, and identifies the plane part by associating the digital image data to which the plane part belongs. And the three-dimensional position can be determined.
- an edge of at least two straight lines intersecting and forming a plane portion is extracted, and a straight line is determined by a least square method or a conditional least square method based on partial image data of the edge. Can be calculated to determine the three-dimensional position of the plane portion.
- an edge of a three straight line portion forming a corner is extracted, and a least square method or a conditional least square method is extracted based on image data of the edge portion. It is also possible to determine the three-dimensional position of the plane part by calculating the straight line, and calculating the angle, which is the intersection of the straight lines. Furthermore, according to the present invention, when a plane portion includes a straight line portion, the position and length of the straight line can be calculated by designating the straight line portion.
- the window when a plane portion has a window surrounded by a straight line, by specifying the window, the window can be specified, and the position and shape of the window can be calculated. Then, according to the present invention, when there is a point located on a plane portion which is a survey target, the center of gravity of the image data of the point is obtained, and the three-dimensional position is determined by associating with the measured three points. You can also.
- an expression including a plane portion of the measurement target is determined from a measured value at one point, and the digital image data to which the plane portion belongs is associated with the measured value.
- the plane part can be specified, and the three-dimensional position can be determined.
- a straight line or a window including a plane portion can be designated by collimating a telescope provided in the surveying device.
- the extraction of the page according to the present invention can also use a spatial filter such as Labracian.
- the three-dimensional measuring method of the present invention is a surveying device for measuring a distance to a survey target, a horizontal angle and an altitude angle using reflected light, and the surveying instrument includes a digital device in a measuring direction.
- An imaging device for obtaining an image is configured to be connectable.
- the first step at least three measurement points on the plane portion are determined and measured, and in the second step, the distance between the three measurement points obtained by the measurement is determined. From the data of the angle and the angle, a formula that includes the plane portion is determined.
- step 3 the digital image data to which the plane portion belongs is associated, and the image data that specifies the plane portion and the expression that includes the plane portion From this, the three-dimensional position of the plane part can be determined.
- the electronic storage medium such as FD, CD, DVD, RAM, ROM, and memory card of the present invention uses reflected light to measure the distance to the measurement target and the horizontal angle and altitude angle. It is for performing three-dimensional measurement using the data obtained from the surveying device and the imaging device, and by executing the arithmetic processing means, from the measurement of at least three points, PT / JP2003 / 014353 I 3-Determine the equation that includes the plane part of the survey target and identify the plane part by associating the digital image data to which the plane part belongs, and determine the three-dimensional position can do.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating the principle of the present embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating the principle of the present embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating the principle of the present embodiment.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating the principle of the present embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating the principle of the present embodiment.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining the principle of the present embodiment.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating the principle of the present embodiment.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a surveying instrument 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating a surveying instrument 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating the telescope unit 4.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the present embodiment.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating the principle of the present embodiment.
- FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 an example will be described in which three-dimensional coordinates (X, Y, ⁇ ) of a corner 20000a of a building 20000 as a measurement object are measured. .
- This will be described with reference to a building 200 composed of a plane composed of straight lines, which is considered to be often used in the present invention.
- a surveying instrument installed on a reference point 0 whose coordinates are already known is used to collimate the face of the building 20000.
- the equation of the plane including the preliminary measurement point is calculated from the measurement data.
- the plane containing the preliminary measurement points includes the plane.
- digital image data of the building 2000 to be measured is obtained by the imaging device 100.
- the center of the image and the collimation center are aligned with each other, so that the position on the image can be represented by an angle between the horizontal and the altitude with respect to the collimation center. Then, based on the horizontal angle data of the collimation center and the altitude angle data, the position on the image is calculated by the horizontal angle and the altitude angle.
- An image sensor such as an image sensor for obtaining digital image data is composed of pixels arranged in a grid, and the position of each pixel arranged on the image is known.
- a straight line formula is derived using the least squares method or the conditional least squares method based on the variation in the light reception of each pixel, and the position of the intersection on the image and the image
- the horizontal and altitude angles with respect to the center can be determined.
- the obtained horizontal and altitude angles correspond to the horizontal and altitude angles of the building on the surface with respect to the collimation center. Since the horizontal angle data of the collimation center and the altitude angle data are known, the horizontal angle data of the building angle and the altitude angle data can be obtained immediately. Then, when the distance of the collimating center point is measured, the three-dimensional position of the corner of the building can be obtained from the surface equation obtained earlier.
- the first imaging device 110 captures a wide-angle image
- the second imaging device 120 captures a narrow-angle image.
- Wide-angle and narrow-angle images are associated with each other.
- a wide-angle image is suitable for capturing the whole image or a near view
- a narrow-angle image is suitable for, for example, enlarging a part thereof or capturing a distant view.
- the magnification of the telescope is configured to be of a zoom type
- the first imaging device 110 and the second imaging device 120 can be used in common as a single imaging device.
- the image of the telescope near the preliminary measurement point A is as shown in Fig. 2, and the preliminary measurement point near the window can be determined by aligning it with the crosshair.
- the position on the digital image is associated with the measured data of the preliminary measurement points from the survey.
- the plane to which the preliminary measurement point belongs is divided by a straight line to form one plane.
- the edge of a straight line constituting the surface of the image is extracted by image processing.
- a spatial filter such as Laplacian is used to emphasize the edge. This Laplacian emphasizes edges using differential images. You.
- two straight lines, a first straight line L1 and a second straight line L2 formed on the upper wall of the building 2000, are determined based on the image data, and the intersection of the two straight lines and the preliminary line on the image are determined. From the relationship with the position of the measurement point, the coordinates (X, Y, ⁇ ) of the corner 20000a are obtained.
- the position of the preliminary measurement point is specified by the horizontal angle (directional angle) and the altitude angle from the known point as viewed from the reference point.
- the equation of the straight line is obtained by applying the least squares method to the image data having variations.
- This straight line can be determined, for example, by the least square method.
- the least-squares method is a conditional least-squares method or a weighted least-squares method, so that a straight line can be obtained more accurately and coordinates can be obtained.
- Conditional least squares means, for example, that the exterior of a building is made up of a vertical straight line, so that the corners of the building are on a straight line, the connecting line is found as a straight line, and it stands vertically. Is required. Conditioning makes it possible to minimize the effect of the distortion of the image optical system, and also to facilitate the calculation process. Furthermore, by adding a weighted least squares method that takes into account the detection of light reception on a pixel-by-pixel basis, the accuracy can be further improved.
- intersection of these two straight lines can be virtually determined as the corner 2000a of the building 2000, which is the edge.
- the three-dimensional coordinates (X, ⁇ , ⁇ ) can be calculated.
- the coordinates of the reference position of the surveying instrument 1000 based on the direction angle, it is possible to measure the three-dimensional coordinates of the preliminary measurement point 20 00b (Xbs Y b, Zb ), the corners of the building 2000 are coplanar
- the 3D coordinates (X, Y, ⁇ ) of the part 2000a can be calculated.
- the plane portion is determined based on the detection of the straight line edge.
- the intersection or the mere center of gravity of the point in the plane is detected from the image data, and the intersection or the point of the intersection is detected. It is also possible to determine the dimensional position.
- the surveying instrument 100 is a total station, which has an electronic saddle that detects angles (vertical and horizontal angles) and a built-in lightwave distance meter. is there.
- the surveying instrument 100 is composed of a telescope section 4, a support section 3 for supporting the telescope section 4 so that it can rotate vertically, and a base section 2 for supporting the support section 3 so that it can rotate horizontally.
- the base 2 can be attached to a tripod or the like via a leveling table 5.
- An operation panel 7 which is a part of the operation / input unit 500 is formed in the surveying instrument 1000, and a display 6 which is a part of a display unit 4300 is attached. Further, an objective lens 8 is exposed in the telescope unit 4.
- the imaging device 100 is for converting the image data from the imaging device into digital data, and is, for example, an electronic camera such as a digital camera.
- the imaging device 100 includes a first imaging device 110 for capturing a wide-angle image and a second imaging device 120 for capturing a narrow-angle image.
- the telescope unit 4 includes an objective lens 8, a dichroic mirror 20, a condenser lens 41, a third half mirror 33, a first image sensor 210, and a second image sensor 2 20 and a focusing lens 12.
- the dichroic mirror 20 is formed of the first prism 21, the second prism 22, and the third prism 23, and the first half mirror 24 and the second half mirror 25 are formed. Is formed.
- the light incident from the objective lens 8 enters the dichroic mirror 20, and part of the measurement light and visible light is reflected by the first half mirror 24, and passes through the condenser lens 41. It is configured to form an image on the first image sensor 210 and the second image sensor 220.
- the light receiving signals received by the first image sensor 210 and the second image sensor 220 are displayed on the display unit 4300 by the control calculation unit 40000.
- the first image sensor 210 corresponds to the first imaging device 110
- the second image sensor 220 corresponds to the second imaging device 120.
- the light transmitted through the first half mirror 124 is guided to the eyepiece through the focusing lens 12.
- the surveying instrument 10000 has a distance measuring section 1100, an angle measuring section 1400, a storage section 4200, a display section 4300, a driving section 4400, and a control. It is composed of an arithmetic unit 400 and an operation / input unit 500.
- the storage section 420 is for storing data, programs, and the like.
- the display section 4300 and the operation / input section 500000 allow the user to operate the surveying instrument 10000.
- the non-prism type lightwave distance meter is used for the distance measuring unit 1100.
- the distance measuring section includes a light emitting section 110 and a light receiving section 110, and the distance measuring light emitted from the light emitting section 1101 is emitted toward the object to be measured. .
- the configuration is such that the reflected light from the object to be measured is incident on the light receiving unit 112, so that the distance to the object to be measured can be measured.
- the distance from the surveying instrument 1000 to the object to be measured is calculated from the time difference from when the light emitting unit 110 emits a pulse to when the light is received by the light receiving unit 120. This calculation is performed by the control calculation unit 400.
- the angle measuring section 1400 is composed of a vertical angle measuring section 14010 and a horizontal angle measuring section 14420.
- a horizontal angle encoder composed of a rotatable member attached to a rotating portion and a stay portion having a fixed portion, and a vertical angle encoder are used.
- the angle measuring section 140 corresponds to an angle detector.
- the drive unit 4400 is composed of a horizontal drive unit 4410 and a height drive unit 4420, and rotates the surveying instrument 1000 in the horizontal direction and the height direction according to the mode. be able to.
- the control calculation unit 40000 includes a CPU and the like and executes various calculations and the like. Next, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 6, an example will be described in which the three-dimensional coordinates (X, Y, ⁇ ) of the corner 20000a of the building 20000 as the measurement target are measured.
- step 1 (hereinafter abbreviated as S1), three points are appropriately set as preliminary measurement points A, B, and C at the wall near corner 2000a in Fig. 3. decide.
- step 2 the distance to the preliminary measurement points A, B, and C, the horizontal angle and the elevation angle are measured by the distance measurement unit 110 of the surveying instrument 1000, and the measurement object is measured by the imaging device 100.
- An image of the building 2000 is taken.
- the imaging device 100 is selected as necessary because the first imaging device 110 can capture a wide-angle image and the second imaging device 120 can capture a narrow-angle image.
- the calculation unit 1300 of the surveying instrument 1000 performs preliminary measurement points A, B, and B, which have been measured by the surveying instrument 1000, from images obtained from the imaging device 1000. Specify a straight line near C. That is, a straight line forming the corner of the building 2000 is extracted.
- the arithmetic unit 1300 of the surveying instrument 10000 can enhance the edge using a spatial filter such as Laplacian.
- the arithmetic unit 1300 of the surveying instrument 1000 determines two straight lines, a first straight line L1 and a second straight line L2, which form the corner of the building 2000.
- the straight line can be determined by, for example, the least square method or the conditional least square method.
- the arithmetic unit 1300 of the surveying instrument 100000 calculates the coordinates (X, Y, ⁇ ) of the corner 20000a from the intersection of the preliminary measurement point and the two straight lines. be able to.
- the three-dimensional coordinates of the preliminary measurement points A, B, and C can be measured by the surveying instrument 100, so that the building 2000 on the same plane specified by A, B, and C can be measured.
- the three-dimensional coordinates (X, Y, ⁇ ) of the corner 20000a can be calculated by the calculation unit 1300 of the surveying instrument 1000.
- the telescope image is as shown in Fig. 4.
- the preliminary measurement points ⁇ ⁇ (1, ⁇ 1) near the first straight line L1 and the second straight line L2 A nearby measurement point B (2, / 32) can also be determined.
- T IN triangle network
- Figure 7 shows a building without corners.
- two orthogonal planes of the building 2000 are obtained, and a straight line portion is extended to assume a corner, and a three-dimensional position is calculated to obtain a position coordinate.
- the window portion in FIG. 3 is a portion surrounded by a straight line, and when a window is specified, the position and shape of the window portion with respect to the plane can be specified by applying the formula of the straight line.
- the position and length of the straight line can be calculated by designating the straight line.
- -11-It is also possible to specify the window and calculate the position of the window.
- a configuration may be employed in which a straight line or a window included in the plane portion is specified.
- the program that stores the calculation procedure of the calculation unit 1300 of the surveying instrument 1000 should be stored in an electronic storage medium such as FD, CD, DVD, RAM, R ⁇ M, or memory card. Can be.
- the present invention configured as described above is a surveying device for measuring the distance to the measurement target and the horizontal angle and the altitude angle using reflected light, and the surveying device includes a horizontal angle and an altitude angle.
- An imaging device for obtaining an associated digital image is configured to be connectable, and from at least three points of measurement, an expression including a plane part of the survey target is determined, and a digital image data to which the plane part belongs is determined. It is configured with an arithmetic processing means for identifying the plane part by associating it overnight and determining the three-dimensional position, so even if non-prism measurement is used, measurement at the corner The effect is that points can be measured.
- the present invention relates to a surveying device and the like, and more particularly to non-prism measurement capable of measuring a measurement point at a corner.
- An imaging device can be connected to the surveying device, and the arithmetic processing means determines an expression including the plane portion of the survey target from at least three points of measurement, and converts digital image data to which the plane portion belongs. By associating, the plane part can be specified and the three-dimensional position can be determined.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
- Measurement Of Optical Distance (AREA)
- Image Processing (AREA)
- Image Analysis (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/501,260 US7319511B2 (en) | 2002-11-13 | 2003-11-12 | Surveying instrument and electronic storage medium |
EP03772690.8A EP1493990B1 (en) | 2002-11-13 | 2003-11-12 | Surveying instrument and electronic storage medium |
CN200380100140.6A CN1685199B (zh) | 2002-11-13 | 2003-11-12 | 测量装置和电子存储媒体 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2002330130A JP2004163292A (ja) | 2002-11-13 | 2002-11-13 | 測量装置と電子的記憶媒体 |
JP2002-330130 | 2002-11-13 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2004044528A1 true WO2004044528A1 (ja) | 2004-05-27 |
Family
ID=32310590
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2003/014353 WO2004044528A1 (ja) | 2002-11-13 | 2003-11-12 | 測量装置と電子的記憶媒体 |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7319511B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1493990B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP2004163292A (ja) |
CN (1) | CN1685199B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2004044528A1 (ja) |
Cited By (2)
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EP1605230A1 (en) * | 2004-06-10 | 2005-12-14 | Kabushiki Kaisha Topcon | Surveying instrument |
EP1610092A1 (en) * | 2004-06-14 | 2005-12-28 | Kabushiki Kaisha Topcon | Surveying instrument |
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JP2004093504A (ja) * | 2002-09-03 | 2004-03-25 | Topcon Corp | 測量装置 |
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JP5057734B2 (ja) | 2006-09-25 | 2012-10-24 | 株式会社トプコン | 測量方法及び測量システム及び測量データ処理プログラム |
JP5263804B2 (ja) | 2007-04-20 | 2013-08-14 | 株式会社トプコン | 多点測定方法及び測量装置 |
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JP5912234B2 (ja) | 2010-07-16 | 2016-04-27 | 株式会社トプコン | 測定装置 |
JP5698480B2 (ja) | 2010-09-02 | 2015-04-08 | 株式会社トプコン | 測定方法及び測定装置 |
JP5653715B2 (ja) | 2010-10-27 | 2015-01-14 | 株式会社トプコン | レーザ測量機 |
US8539685B2 (en) | 2011-01-20 | 2013-09-24 | Trimble Navigation Limited | Integrated surveying and leveling |
JP5770486B2 (ja) | 2011-02-21 | 2015-08-26 | 株式会社トプコン | 全周画像計測装置 |
US9661205B2 (en) | 2011-02-28 | 2017-05-23 | Custom Manufacturing & Engineering, Inc. | Method and apparatus for imaging |
JP5753409B2 (ja) | 2011-03-07 | 2015-07-22 | 株式会社トプコン | パノラマ画像作成方法及び3次元レーザスキャナ |
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US9222771B2 (en) | 2011-10-17 | 2015-12-29 | Kla-Tencor Corp. | Acquisition of information for a construction site |
EP2602587A1 (en) * | 2011-12-06 | 2013-06-12 | Hexagon Technology Center GmbH | Method and device for determining 3D coordinates of an object |
EP2639549A1 (en) * | 2012-03-15 | 2013-09-18 | Leica Geosystems AG | Laser receiver |
US9866322B2 (en) * | 2012-03-15 | 2018-01-09 | Leica Geosystems Ag | Laser receiver |
DE102012217282B4 (de) * | 2012-09-25 | 2023-03-02 | Trimble Jena Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Zuordnung von Messpunkten zu einem Satz von Festpunkten |
CN106485749B (zh) * | 2016-10-19 | 2019-01-22 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | 一种基于角点的矩形引脚元件粗定位方法 |
JP6164546B1 (ja) * | 2016-11-07 | 2017-07-19 | クモノスコーポレーション株式会社 | 測量方法及び測量装置 |
WO2018229917A1 (ja) * | 2017-06-14 | 2018-12-20 | 株式会社 ニコン・トリンブル | 算出システム、算出方法、プログラム及びターゲット |
WO2020105697A1 (ja) * | 2018-11-22 | 2020-05-28 | 国立大学法人東京大学 | モーションキャプチャ・カメラシステム及びキャリブレーション方法 |
CN109978953A (zh) * | 2019-01-22 | 2019-07-05 | 四川大学 | 用于目标三维定位的方法及系统 |
US20210082151A1 (en) * | 2019-09-14 | 2021-03-18 | Ron Zass | Determining image capturing parameters in construction sites from previously captured images |
JPWO2022113482A1 (ja) * | 2020-11-30 | 2022-06-02 |
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- 2003-11-12 CN CN200380100140.6A patent/CN1685199B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-11-12 WO PCT/JP2003/014353 patent/WO2004044528A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2003-11-12 EP EP03772690.8A patent/EP1493990B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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US7319512B2 (en) | 2004-06-10 | 2008-01-15 | Kabushiki Kaisha Topcon | Surveying instrument |
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US7564488B2 (en) | 2004-06-14 | 2009-07-21 | Kabushiki Kaisha Topcon | Surveying instrument |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1493990A1 (en) | 2005-01-05 |
US20050207621A1 (en) | 2005-09-22 |
JP2004163292A (ja) | 2004-06-10 |
CN1685199A (zh) | 2005-10-19 |
CN1685199B (zh) | 2010-05-12 |
EP1493990B1 (en) | 2015-09-30 |
EP1493990A4 (en) | 2011-03-02 |
US7319511B2 (en) | 2008-01-15 |
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