WO2004037403A2 - Beladevorrichtung - Google Patents
Beladevorrichtung Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2004037403A2 WO2004037403A2 PCT/EP2003/011752 EP0311752W WO2004037403A2 WO 2004037403 A2 WO2004037403 A2 WO 2004037403A2 EP 0311752 W EP0311752 W EP 0311752W WO 2004037403 A2 WO2004037403 A2 WO 2004037403A2
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- filling
- reactor
- opening
- loading
- tubes
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/0015—Feeding of the particles in the reactor; Evacuation of the particles out of the reactor
- B01J8/003—Feeding of the particles in the reactor; Evacuation of the particles out of the reactor in a downward flow
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
- B01J8/02—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds
- B01J8/06—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with stationary particles, e.g. in fixed beds in tube reactors; the solid particles being arranged in tubes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2208/00—Processes carried out in the presence of solid particles; Reactors therefor
- B01J2208/00743—Feeding or discharging of solids
- B01J2208/00752—Feeding
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a loading device for a reactor which is formed from a plurality of tubes which
- a) are aligned essentially vertically, b) run essentially parallel to each other, c) each have a filling opening.
- Such reactors are used for example in catalytic processes in petrochemicals as catalysts. They consist of a large number of vertically aligned tubes, which are combined to form a tube bundle or tube package using one or more holding plates.
- a catalytically active material usually in the form of a powder or granulate, is filled into these tubes via filler openings which are formed by open ends of the tubes.
- the tube bundle is sealed gas-tight with the help of a bell, among other things, and the corresponding reaction gas is fed into the bell and then through the filling openings through the tubes.
- the content of the tubes for example the granulate, then enables the desired reaction.
- US Pat. No. 3,223,490 discloses a filling device for a catalyst.
- the device essentially consists of a plate in the manner of a pan with a multiplicity of holes which have a smaller diameter than the filling openings of the tubes to be filled.
- the plate is located above the tube ends of the reactor and can be moved over the area resulting from the ends of all tubes.
- the distance between the holes in the plate is adapted to the distance between the filling openings. This makes it possible to put granulate on the plate and fill several pipes at the same time.
- the diameter of the holes is smaller than the diameter of the filling openings, which prevents bridging.
- the device is relatively large and bulky, which is particularly disadvantageous if the reactor is gas-tight.
- the bell must then be removed each time to fill in order to be able to install the entire device.
- a complex positioning must also be carried out so that the holes are located exactly above the filler openings.
- the EP-0 963 785 AI shows a device that is formed from individual segments. These individual segments can be placed on the filler openings with molded filler tubes.
- the filling pipes extend in sections into the respective pipe and the segments are supported on the ends of the pipes.
- the filling pipes are designed so that they are held in the pipes by clamping. For this purpose, they have ends tapering from the plate to their free shape and are additionally slit lengthways.
- the diameter of the filler tubes is such that the free ends of the filler tubes can be easily inserted into the tubes or filler openings and then clamped by appropriate pressure.
- the plates of the segments are designed in such a way and have dimensions adapted to the tubes that, when they are used next to one another, they form a continuous surface in their entirety in the manner of a parquet or Penrose pattern.
- the segments each have a polygonal base area.
- the advantage of such segments is, in particular, that they can be produced inexpensively and, when filling or refilling the pipes, can be passed individually into the bell through a relatively small manhole and used.
- a device according to US 3,223,490 is omitted.
- EP-0 963 785 AI has some decisive disadvantages.
- the production of molded parts, which usually consist of plastic is relatively complex.
- the large number of edges and corners requires an exact shape in order to guarantee the surface-closing properties of the segments.
- the angles between the individual pages must be made exactly.
- Already slight deviations mean that a surface-covering installation is no longer possible, or at least is more difficult.
- This in turn means that relatively high demands must be placed on the quality control of the segments produced, which is correspondingly time-consuming and costly.
- the ratio of the cone angle of the filling pipes to the pipe diameter and the width of the slot must be selected exactly.
- the filling pipes have to be clamped inside the pipe, on the other hand they have to penetrate so deep into the pipe that the horizontal surface of the segments facing the pipe end touches the pipe end in order to achieve a reasonably uniform surface by a To be able to create a large number of segments.
- Another disadvantage is that due to the polygonal base area, the alignment of the segments relative to one another is relatively complex, since the corners or tips result in spaces between the segments, which can be changed by all the tips lying against one another. It is fundamentally difficult to close rooms with segments or parts when their tips meet at a certain point and have to be aligned with each other. This is all the more difficult the more points or corners meet at a point.
- the straight edges of the polygonal segments can also block the filling material. If the segments are not exactly aligned in one plane, the straight edges of one segment protrude higher than the edges of the neighboring segment. When distributing The filling material then hits the raised edge and cannot get onto the segment. These grains in turn block other grains themselves, creating a kind of dam effect. The distribution of the filling material is made considerably more difficult.
- the object of the present invention is to provide a loading device for a reactor which is formed from a multiplicity of tubes and which enables the reactor or the tubes to be loaded as quickly and easily as possible.
- the loading device should be as simple and inexpensive as possible. It is also essential that the loading device is designed in such a way that incorrect use, for example by an inexperienced user, is almost impossible, or at least minimized. It is also essential that the loading device is suitable for gas-tight sealed reactors.
- the loading device should be stable, resilient and easy to remove.
- a loading device for a reactor which is formed from a multiplicity of tubes (50) which are oriented essentially vertically, run essentially parallel to one another and each have a filling opening (25) which consists of a multiplicity of loading elements that each have
- a lateral outer contour which is formed by a circular shape with molded, diametrically opposite lugs, the lugs
- tips which are arranged on an axis XX running through a center of the circular shape, 1.1.2) each form an isosceles triangle, which is delimited by two turning points in the outer contour of the circular shape and by the respective tip and the sides of which each have the same curvature pointing in the direction of a center point of the triangle.
- the outer contours of the individual plates being adapted to the reactor in such a way that, in the case of a plurality of loading elements arranged next to one another, an essentially closed surface in the manner of a parquet can be formed when the filler tubes extend through the filler openings into the tubes of the reactor.
- the sides of the isosceles triangle adjoining the tip therefore have a curvature that corresponds to the amount of the curvature of the circular shape
- An essential advantage of the present invention is that it is possible to form a continuous surface with the aid of the loading elements without having to align tips or corners with one another. Only circular sections nestle against each other, while the molded noses only close the gaps between the circular basic shapes. The laying or insertion of the loading elements is thus very easy and quick to carry out.
- the curved outer contours of the loading elements also ensure that no blockages form even if the loading elements should not be aligned exactly in a horizontal plane. Contrary to the straight edges known from the prior art, the grains of the catalyst material are not stopped, but are diverted along the curvature. The dam formation known disadvantageously in the prior art is thus excluded.
- the plate of the loading element has an opening which advantageously has a smaller diameter than the pipes to be filled. This narrowing of the cross-section influences the loading speed and the filling density of the pipes.
- the opening is particularly advantageous with regard to these properties if the diameter of the opening is approximately 70% of the diameter of the filling pipe. This information is only to be understood as a guideline and can be adapted to the respective conditions and the granulate to be filled.
- the loading speed and the filling density will continue to be improved according to that the plate is funnel-shaped around the opening.
- the surface of the plate thus has a depression increasing in the direction of the opening.
- the opening and also the depression are preferably circular and arranged coaxially with an axis extending through the center point of the opening at right angles to the opening.
- the loading device according to the invention therefore consists of individual loading elements which are loosely inserted into the tubes or filling openings of the tubes of the reactor and which form an essentially closed surface, apart from gaps for dust removal.
- the loading elements have no clamp connection with the tubes.
- a plurality of loading elements can be combined to form a one-piece component, that is to say that this component has a multiplicity of openings and is designed such that it can be joined together with other components or also individual loading elements to form an essentially closed surface in accordance with the individual loading elements.
- the invention has further advantages over the prior art.
- the device shown in EP-0 963 785 AI is also disadvantageous because the tubes of the reactors generally have welding seams that protrude into the interior of the tubes and extend along the tubes. These can lead to unwanted jamming and prevent the segments or their filling pipes from being fully inserted.
- a longitudinal slot in the filler pipe compensates for the narrowing of the cross-section through the weld seam, but due to the lack of elasticity of the filler pipe at its base, i.e. close to the plate, a complete insertion is sometimes not possible.
- the only way to avoid this disadvantage is to introduce the segment in such a way that the Weld is located in the area of the longitudinal slot.
- this is again disadvantageous because a surface-closing arrangement is only given when the segments are aligned with one another, so it is not possible to align individual segments differently from the other segments due to the disruptive weld seam.
- the filler pipe according to the invention has at least one, preferably three, projections which are distributed over the outer circumference and extend in the longitudinal direction of the filler pipe and protrude from the outer wall. These projections protrude far enough from the outer wall of the filler tube that sufficient space is created for the weld seam between the outer wall of the filler tube and the inner wall, ie it cannot press against the outer wall of the filler tube. This prevents accidental jamming. When inserting the loading elements, it is only necessary to ensure that the projections do not collide with the weld seam.
- weld seams of the tubes of the reactor are basically aligned more or less in one direction, this alignment is not always exact, so that the position of the weld seam can vary by a few degrees. For example, when inserting the _
- the first loading element ensure that the weld seam on the outer circumference of the loading element is arranged at a maximum distance from the projections, that is to say centrally between two projections.
- the position of the weld seam of the following tubes can be arranged offset by 60 ° in both directions with respect to the first weld seam when using three projections.
- the user has only two options and therefore a correspondingly lower risk of a collision. If a collision occurs the first time it is plugged in, the user only has to turn the loading element by 180 °, a second collision is impossible and further failed attempts are impossible.
- the filling tube has a smaller diameter in the region of its free end than at its base, that is to say in the region of the plate. This facilitates insertion into the filling opening of the tube.
- the plate has a side wall which is integrally formed on the outer circumference and extends parallel to the filling tube in the direction of the tube of the reactor.
- This side wall leads to considerable advantages over the known solutions according to the prior art. It is namely possible to dispense with a clamping connection of the filling pipe in the pipe. Rather, the side wall is supported on a holding plate which holds the tubes of the reactor and through which the tube end regions with the filling openings extend. The height of the side wall is chosen so that tolerances of the pipe ends extending through the upper holding plate can be compensated. This means that the pipe ends with their upper edges do not reach the inner wall of the plate. It has been shown that precisely these deviations have led to considerable difficulties in filling.
- the loading elements or segments according to the prior art are supported on the upper edges of the tubes and their vertical alignment depends on the quality of the tube ends. If the pipe ends are not clean and straight, there may be different heights and / or misalignments of the loading elements, which in turn cause protruding edges between the loading elements. This is excluded by the support according to the invention on the side wall on the horizontally extending holding plate.
- the holding plate is the cheapest reference surface for a support or for the creation of an essentially continuous closed surface. It is also advantageous that the loading elements used may be walked on by a user and thus considerable forces act on the loading elements. These forces are ideally distributed through the support via the side wall on the holding plate and there is no undesired jamming of the filling pipes in the pipes. It is essential that the advantages that result from the side wall according to the invention are independent of the contour of the plate.
- a loading device consisting of individual loading elements from above,
- Fig. 2 a loading element according to the invention in section
- Fig. 3 a single loading elements from below
- FIG. 1 illustrates how a loading device 12 with an essentially continuously closed surface can be created from loading elements 10 according to the invention.
- the individual loading elements 10 have a circular shape 14 as a basic shape, to which diametrically opposed lugs 16, each having a tip 18, are connected.
- the tips 18 each lie on an axis XX (cf. FIG. 3) which extends through a center 20 of the circular shape 14.
- the two lugs 16 each begin at turning points 22 and form isosceles triangles, the sides of which have the same curvature in the direction of a center point 21 of the triangle. If the loading elements 10 are now arranged one behind the other or next to one another in such a way that their tips 18 are arranged on an axis XX running through the centers 20 of their respective circular shapes 14, further loading elements 10 whose tips 18 are arranged on parallel axes XX can be arranged, nestle against the loading elements and form a continuous surface.
- the lugs 16 are thus designed in such a way that a lug 16 closes an intermediate space which results between three circular shapes 14.
- the loading elements 10 have openings 24. These openings are in the inserted state of the loading elements 10, that is to say when they are placed on pipes 50, in register with filling openings 25 of the pipes.
- FIG. 2 shows the loading element 10 in the inserted state.
- the loading element 10 has a filling tube 26 which is formed on an inner side 28 of a plate 30 of the loading element 10 around the opening 24.
- the plate 30 additionally has a side wall 36 which extends parallel to the filling pipe 26 in the direction of the pipe 50 to be filled.
- This side wall 36 is supported on a holding plate 38 of the reactor.
- the holding plate 38 has the task of holding the tubes 50 of the reactor in their position.
- the tubes 50 extend with their tube end regions through openings in the holding plate 38.
- the tubes 50 emerge, in the exemplary embodiment shown, with end sections 42 from the holding plate 38.
- FIG. 3 shows in a view of the loading element 10 from below that the filling tube 26 in an embodiment variant according to the invention has on its outside 46 protrusions 48 running in the longitudinal direction of the filling tube 26.
- the projections 48 cause that between the outer ßseite 46 of the filler tube 26 and an inner wall of the tube 50 sufficient distance is created that a possibly located within the tube 50 and the inner diameter 34 of the tube 50 narrowing weld may extend therein.
- the fill tube 26 has a minimum outer diameter 32 and a maximum outer diameter 33 (including the projections 48), which is smaller than an inner diameter 34 of a tube 50. It is thus avoided that the filling pipe 26 can get jammed in the pipe 50.
- FIG. 3 makes it clear (as can also be seen in FIG. 2) that in the area of the opening 24 the plate 30 has a depression 52 in the manner of a funnel, that is to say increasingly in the direction of the opening 24. This facilitates the filling of the pipes 50 or increases the filling speed.
- the loading elements 10 are preferably made of a plastic, but they can also consist of other suitable materials.
- FIGS. 4 and 5 illustrate an essential advantage of the shape of the plates 30 according to the invention.
- the center points 20 of the respective segments are spaced apart from one another by exactly the same amount.
- the segments according to the prior art can be rotated relative to one another by a significantly higher amount (14.7 °) than is the case with the plates 30 according to the invention (only 2.5 °).
- the maximum openings or gaps in the plates according to the invention only allow grains 54 with a grain size of approximately 4 mm to pass. This difference leads to considerable advantages of the device according to the invention.
- the particle sizes of the catalyst are often 4-9 mm, which means that they are between the segments according to the state of technology. On the one hand, this means that an increased need for cleaning after filling is necessary, on the other hand, catalyst material is lost between the segments and does not get into the reactor tubes.
- the plates can also be formed by a multiple of the individual elements described. This means that it may be advantageous not to manufacture individual eye shapes or plates 30, but rather to combine 2, 3 or more individual plates 30 and to produce them in a single mold.
- the basic shape of such a multiple plate thus results from the individual plates 30 and can vary with one another depending on the number and arrangement of the individual plates 30.
- Such multiple plates have only one side wall 36 along the outer circumference and have the advantage that they can be produced more cost-effectively.
- the filling tubes 26 can have projections on the end faces of their free ends, so that they do not rest on the holding plate 38 with the entire end faces, but only with the projections. This means that even if the holding plate 38 is dirty, it is easier to form a plane of the plates 30; three projections are provided according to the invention, since then a wobbling or tipping of the loading elements 10 is excluded.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Devices And Processes Conducted In The Presence Of Fluids And Solid Particles (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (7)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP03769443A EP1558370A2 (de) | 2002-10-25 | 2003-10-23 | Beladevorrichtung |
US10/491,602 US6880591B2 (en) | 2002-10-25 | 2003-10-23 | Charging device |
CA002462707A CA2462707A1 (en) | 2002-10-25 | 2003-10-23 | Loading device |
JP2004545958A JP2006513021A (ja) | 2002-10-25 | 2003-10-23 | 充填装置 |
BR0305716-0A BR0305716A (pt) | 2002-10-25 | 2003-10-23 | Dispositivo de carregamento |
MXPA04003338A MXPA04003338A (es) | 2002-10-25 | 2003-10-23 | Dispositivo de carga. |
MYPI20040983A MY134723A (en) | 2002-10-25 | 2004-03-19 | Loading device |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10250022A DE10250022B4 (de) | 2002-10-25 | 2002-10-25 | Beladevorrichtung |
DE10250022.3 | 2002-10-25 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2004037403A2 true WO2004037403A2 (de) | 2004-05-06 |
WO2004037403A3 WO2004037403A3 (de) | 2004-06-17 |
Family
ID=32103074
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2003/011752 WO2004037403A2 (de) | 2002-10-25 | 2003-10-23 | Beladevorrichtung |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6880591B2 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1558370A2 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2006513021A (de) |
BR (1) | BR0305716A (de) |
CA (1) | CA2462707A1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE10250022B4 (de) |
MX (1) | MXPA04003338A (de) |
MY (1) | MY134723A (de) |
WO (1) | WO2004037403A2 (de) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2004085051A1 (en) * | 2003-03-28 | 2004-10-07 | Tubemaster,Inc | Tool for loading reactor tubes |
Families Citing this family (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7121309B2 (en) | 2004-09-16 | 2006-10-17 | Buchen-Ics Bv | Loading device |
DE102005010645A1 (de) | 2005-03-08 | 2005-08-04 | Basf Ag | Verfahren zum Befüllen eines Reaktors |
DE102005013845B4 (de) * | 2005-03-24 | 2010-04-29 | Süd-Chemie AG | Beschickungsvorrichtung für Rohrbündelreaktoren und Verfahren zum Betrieb der Beschickungsvorrichtung |
EP1931458A2 (de) * | 2005-10-03 | 2008-06-18 | Tubemaster, Inc. | Vorrichtung zum beladen der rohre eines chemischen reaktors |
FR2969587B1 (fr) * | 2010-12-27 | 2013-01-04 | Total Raffinage Marketing | Dispositif allege de chargement de particules solides |
US9616402B2 (en) | 2012-04-23 | 2017-04-11 | Mourik International B.V. | Catalyst loading tool |
WO2013160310A1 (en) | 2012-04-23 | 2013-10-31 | Mourik International B.V. | Particulate material loading device |
FR3003771B1 (fr) * | 2013-04-02 | 2015-12-11 | Arkema France | Procede de chargement de reacteur catalytique multitubulaire. |
WO2016150858A1 (en) * | 2015-03-20 | 2016-09-29 | Haldor Topsøe A/S | Boiling water reactor |
CN106742129A (zh) * | 2017-02-10 | 2017-05-31 | 王少华 | 一种药剂科用灌装装置 |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3223490A (en) * | 1962-02-09 | 1965-12-14 | Houston Chemical Corp | Catalyst loader and method of filling tubes |
EP0963785A1 (de) * | 1998-05-12 | 1999-12-15 | Shell Internationale Researchmaatschappij B.V. | Vorrichtung zur Beschichtung von Reaktorröhren |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3788370A (en) * | 1972-02-10 | 1974-01-29 | Shell Oil Co | Particulate solids tube loading apparatus |
DE3601366C2 (de) * | 1986-01-18 | 1995-08-31 | Metallgesellschaft Ag | Verfahren zum Einfüllen von körnigem Katalysatormaterial in die Rohre eines Röhrenreaktors und eine Vorrichtung hierzu |
DE69906417T2 (de) * | 1998-05-12 | 2004-01-08 | Cat Tech Inc., Pasadena | Vorrichtung zum füllen von Reaktorröhren |
-
2002
- 2002-10-25 DE DE10250022A patent/DE10250022B4/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2003
- 2003-10-23 US US10/491,602 patent/US6880591B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-10-23 JP JP2004545958A patent/JP2006513021A/ja active Pending
- 2003-10-23 EP EP03769443A patent/EP1558370A2/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2003-10-23 WO PCT/EP2003/011752 patent/WO2004037403A2/de not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2003-10-23 BR BR0305716-0A patent/BR0305716A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-10-23 CA CA002462707A patent/CA2462707A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-10-23 MX MXPA04003338A patent/MXPA04003338A/es unknown
-
2004
- 2004-03-19 MY MYPI20040983A patent/MY134723A/en unknown
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3223490A (en) * | 1962-02-09 | 1965-12-14 | Houston Chemical Corp | Catalyst loader and method of filling tubes |
EP0963785A1 (de) * | 1998-05-12 | 1999-12-15 | Shell Internationale Researchmaatschappij B.V. | Vorrichtung zur Beschichtung von Reaktorröhren |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2004085051A1 (en) * | 2003-03-28 | 2004-10-07 | Tubemaster,Inc | Tool for loading reactor tubes |
US7285251B2 (en) | 2003-03-28 | 2007-10-23 | Tubemaster Inc. | Tool for loading reactor tubes |
US7458401B2 (en) | 2003-03-28 | 2008-12-02 | Tubemaster, Inc. | Method for loading reactor tubes |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE10250022B4 (de) | 2005-01-27 |
CA2462707A1 (en) | 2004-04-25 |
JP2006513021A (ja) | 2006-04-20 |
MXPA04003338A (es) | 2004-11-29 |
BR0305716A (pt) | 2004-09-28 |
DE10250022A1 (de) | 2004-05-13 |
EP1558370A2 (de) | 2005-08-03 |
US6880591B2 (en) | 2005-04-19 |
US20040261898A1 (en) | 2004-12-30 |
MY134723A (en) | 2007-12-31 |
WO2004037403A3 (de) | 2004-06-17 |
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