Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
  • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
  • D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
  • D01F6/58—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products
  • D01F6/70—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products from polyurethanes
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
  • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
  • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
  • C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
  • C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
  • C08G18/48—Polyethers
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
  • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
  • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
  • C08G18/08—Processes
  • C08G18/10—Prepolymer processes involving reaction of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen in a first reaction step
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
  • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
  • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
  • C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
  • C08G18/30—Low-molecular-weight compounds
  • C08G18/32—Polyhydroxy compounds; Polyamines; Hydroxyamines
  • C08G18/3225—Polyamines
  • C08G18/3228—Polyamines acyclic
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
  • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
  • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
  • C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
  • C08G18/30—Low-molecular-weight compounds
  • C08G18/32—Polyhydroxy compounds; Polyamines; Hydroxyamines
  • C08G18/3271—Hydroxyamines
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
  • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
  • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
  • C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
  • C08G18/40—High-molecular-weight compounds
  • C08G18/48—Polyethers
  • C08G18/4854—Polyethers containing oxyalkylene groups having four carbon atoms in the alkylene group
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
  • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
  • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
  • C08G18/70—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the isocyanates or isothiocyanates used
  • C08G18/72—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates
  • C08G18/74—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic
  • C08G18/76—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
  • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
  • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
  • C08G18/70—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the isocyanates or isothiocyanates used
  • C08G18/72—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates
  • C08G18/74—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic
  • C08G18/76—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic
  • C08G18/7657—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic containing two or more aromatic rings
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10S528/00—Synthetic resins or natural rubbers -- part of the class 520 series
  • Y10S528/906—Fiber or elastomer prepared from an isocyanate reactant

Definitions

• the present invention relates to spandex comprising a particular composition, especially a polyurethaneurea spandex made with a particular combination of diamine chain extenders.
• compositions for polyurethaneurea spandex have been disclosed, for example in United States Patents US5981686, US6403216, and US5000899 and in Japanese Published Patent Applications JP03- 279415 and JP58-194915.
• compositions can have high hysteresis and can form unstable solutions.
• the present invention provides a spandex comprising the polyurethaneurea reaction product of poly(tetramethylene ether) glycol, 1- isocyanato-4-[(4-isocyanatophenyl)methyl]benzene wherein the mole ratio of diisocyanate to glycol is at least about 1.52 and the mole ratio of diisocyanate to glycol is at most about 2.04, and a mixture of chain extenders comprising: from about 35 mole to about 55 mole percent ethylene diamine; and from about 45 mole percent 1 ,2-propanediamineto about 65 mole percent 1 ,2-propanediamine.
• the invention also provides a process for making such a spandex.
• Figure 1 presents the effect on polyurethaneurea solution viscosity of the amount of 1 ,2-propanediamine in the mixture of chain extenders.
• spandex comprising a particular composition of polyurethaneurea has unexpectedly low hysteresis and that the polyurethaneurea has unexpectedly good solution viscosity stability.
• hysteresis means the difference between load power and unload power.
• spandex can be used in woven, knit, and nonwoven fabrics, and can provide stretch and recovery in personal care articles such as diapers.
• spandex means a manufactured fiber in which the fiber-forming substance is a long chain synthetic polymer comprised of at least 85% by weight of a segmented polyurethane.
• the spandex of the invention comprises the polyurethaneurea reaction product of poly(tetramethylene ether) glycol, 1-isocyanato-4-[(4- isocyanatophenyl)methyl]benzene, and a mixture of chain extenders comprising about 35 to 55 mole percent ethylene diamine and about 45 to 65 mole percent 1 ,2-propanediamine, typically about 40 to 50 mole percent ethylene diamine and about 50 to 60 mole percent 1 ,2- propanediamine.
• the mole ratio of diisocyanate to polymeric glycol can be about 1.52 to 2.04.
• the poly(tetramethylene ether) glycol can have a number average molecular weight of about 1600 to 2500 daltons.
• the glycol can contain acids, acid-producing compounds, or catalysts, which can be added before the capping step, for example 10 to 100 parts per million based on polymeric glycol weight of phosphoric acid esters, phosphoric acid, benzenesulfonic acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid, sulfuric acid, stannous octoate, alkyl titanates, and the like.
• diols having a low molecular weight below about 250 Daltons such as butanediol, hexanediol, 1 ,4-cyclohexanedimethanol, and the like, and the polymeric glycol can be substantially free of such diols, meaning less than about 5 mole percent of such diols can be present.
• At least one monofunctional chain terminator can be used, for example diethylamine, di-n-butylamine, n-pentylamine, n-hexylamine, cyclohexylamine, n- heptylamine, methylcyclohexylamines (for example 1-amino-3- methylcylohexane, 1-amino-2-methylcyclohexane, and 1-amino-3,3,5- trimethylcyclohexane), n-dodecylamine, 2-aminonorbornane, 1- adamantanamine, ethanolamine, methanol, ethanol, n-butanol, n-hexanol, n-octanol, n-decanol, and mixtures thereof.
• diethylamine di-n-butylamine, n-pentylamine, n-hexylamine, cyclohexylamine, n-
• Primary amine terminators such as n-hexylamine, cyclohexylamine, methylcyclohexylamines, and ethanolamine are preferred.
• Diethylenetriamine can also be used at low levels in the chain extension step, provided the advantages of the invention are not compromised.
• additives can also be used in the spandex and the process of the invention, provided they do not detract from its beneficial aspects.
• examples include delustrants such as titanium dioxide; stabilizers such as hydrotalcite, mixtures of huntite and hydromagnesite (for example at 0.2 to 0.7 weight percent based on polyurethaneurea), barium sulfate, hindered amine light stabilizers, UV screeners, hindered phenols, and zinc oxide; dyes and dye enhancers; and the like.
• the poly(tetramethylene ether) glycol is contacted with 1 -isocyanato-4-[(4- isocyanatophenyl)methyl]benzene to form a capped glycol wherein the isocyanate moiety is present at about 2.2 to 2.9 weight percent, based on weight of capped glycol.
• the capped glycol is mixed with a suitable solvent, for example dimethylformamide, dimethylacetamide, or N- methylpyrrolidone, to form a solution of capped glycol which is then contacted with a mixture of chain extenders comprising about 35 to 55 mole percent ethylene diamine, typically about 40 to 50 mole percent ethylene diamine, and about 45 to 65 mole percent 1 ,2-propanediamine, typically about 50 to 60 mole percent 1 ,2-propanediamine, to form a polyurethaneurea solution.
• the polyurethaneurea solution can have a falling ball viscosity of about 1000 to 4000 poise and can be wet- or dry- spun to form the spandex.
• the process can be carried out as batch steps (especially the steps of forming the capped glycol and the polyurethaneurea) or continuously.
• the amount of NCO moiety in the capped glycol is reported as a weight percent and was calculated from the following relationship:
• %NCO 100 x (2xNCO fw x (C.R. - 1 ))
• IV Intrinsic viscosity
• the intrinsic viscosity of the polyurethaneurea of which the spandex is comprised and which is prepared and spun in the process of the invention can be about 0.85 to 1.05.
• the molecular weights of the polyurethaneurea were measured by gel permeation chromatography; its weight average molecular weight (“MW W ”) can be about 80,000 to 105,000, its number average molecular weight (“MW n ”) can be about 20,000 to 38,000, and its polydispersity can be about 2.4 to 3.6.
• the mechanical properties of the spandex were measured in accordance with the general method of ASTM D 2731-72. Three filaments, a 2-inch (5-cm) gauge length and a zero-to-300% elongation cycle were used for each of the measurements. The samples were cycled five times at a constant elongation rate of 50cm per minute.
• Load Power the stress on the spandex during initial extension, was measured on the first cycle at 100% and 200% extension and is reported in deciNewtons/tex ("dN/tex").
• Unload Power the stress at extensions of 200% and 100% on the fifth unload cycle, is also reported in deciNewtons per tex. Percent elongation at break and tenacity at break were measured on the sixth extension.
• Poly(tetramethylene ether) glycol 250.0 grams; Terathane® 2000, a registered trademark of E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Company
• tetramethylene ether glycol 250.0 grams; Terathane® 2000, a registered trademark of E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Company
• 52.11 grams of 1 -isocyanato-4-[(4- isocyanatophenyl)methyl]benzene in a glass reaction kettle.
• the mixture was heated to 80°C with a heating mantle and stirred for 90 minutes to make a capped glycol with 2.4 wt% NCO (calculated).
• the capped glycol was dissolved in 572.38 grams of dimethylformamide, and 85.51 grams of 2.00 meq/g chain extender solution (EDA/PDA mole ratio 35/65 in dimethylformamide) and 3.21 grams of 2.00 meq/g chain terminator solution (ethanolamine in dimethylformamide) were added with rapid stirring.
• the resulting polyurethaneurea solution had a solids content of 32.0 wt%, based on total weight of solution, and the polyurethaneurea's intrinsic viscosity was 0.94 dl/g.
• An additive slurry was thoroughly mixed into the solution to achieve in the final fiber 0.5 wt% Methacrol® 2462B (a registered trademark of E. I.
• Cyanox® 1790 a registered trademark of Cytec Industries for 2,4,6-tris(2,6-dimethyl-4-t-butyl-3- hydroxybenzyl)isocyanurate
• the spinning solution was pumped from a storage tank, metered by a gear pump, heated to about 55°C, and extruded through spinneret holes into a round spinning cell provided with a co-current flow of hot nitrogen of 405 °C to remove the solvent.
• the four filaments were coalesced into one 40 denier (44 dtex) fiber which was passed around a feed roll at 466 m/min, across a finish roll, around a second feed roll at 492 m/min, and wound-up at 548 m/min. Fiber properties are presented in Table I. EXAMPLE 2
• Polymer and fiber were prepared substantially as described in Example 1 , except that the %NCO in the capped glycol was increased to 2.8.
• the IV of the polyurethaneurea in the solution was 0.85, its MW n was 24,200, its MW W was 84,600, and its polydispersity was 3.5. Fiber properties are presented in Table I.
• spandex of the invention had unexpectedly lower load power and hysteresis than spandex comprising the polyurethaneurea reaction product of poly(tetramethylene ether) glycol and high proportions of 1 ,2-propanediamine and diisocyanate (the latter as indicated by high %NCO in the capped glycol of Comparison Example 1 ).
• Capped glycol having 2.4 weight percent NCO was prepared in a first water-jacketed stirred tank from 324.8 kg of poly(tetramethylene ether) glycol having a number average molecular weight of 2029 (Terathane® 2000), 68.2 kg of 1-isocyanato-4-[(4-isocyanatophenyl)methyl] benzene, and 0.64 kg of n- butanol. Dimethylformamide was added to dissolve the capped glycol, the resulting solution was transferred to a second stirred water-jacketed tank, the first tank was rinsed with additional dimethylformamide, and the rinse was also transferred to the second tank, where the polymer content was adjusted to about 36 weight percent.
• a pigment slurry was mixed into the capped glycol solution in an amount such that the subsequent polyurethaneurea solution contained 3 weight percent titanium dioxide, 0.3 weight percent nonionic dispersant, and 10 ppm of an anthraquinone brightener, based on polymer weight. While the mixture of solvent, capped glycol, and pigments was stirred at below 10°C, 96 kg of a 35/65 mole/mole mixture of ethylene diamine and 1 ,2-propanediamine chain extenders (7.0 weight percent in dimethylformamide) was added until the solution viscosity was about 1650 poise.
• a chain terminator solution (7.43 kg, 30.55 wt% ethanolamine in dimethylformamide) was then added, followed by 7.06 kg of 26.91 wt% acetic anhydride in dimethylformamide to 'neutralize' the excess ethanolamine.
• the polymer solids level was adjusted to about 32 weight percent, based on total solution weight, by the addition of more dimethylformamide.
• the resulting polyurethaneurea solution was then transferred to a third stirred tank where 13.88 kg of a slurry of magnesium stearate, 4.05 kg of a solution of Methacrol® 2462B, and 6.40 kg of Cyanox® 1790 were added so that the solution contained 0.28 weight percent magnesium stearate, 0.5 weight percent Methacrol® 2462B, and 1.5 weight percent Cyanox® 1790, based on polyurethaneurea weight.
• the solution was then transferred to an unstirred storage tank from which samples were removed at intervals for testing.
• EXAMPLE 4 A polyurethaneurea solution was prepared substantially as described in Example 3, but the capped glycol had 2.8 weight percent NCO. During 105 hours in the storage tank, during which freshly prepared polyurethaneurea solution was periodically added and solution was continuously removed for fiber spinning, the solution had shown a maximum falling ball viscosity of only 1534 poise, as summarized in Table II and illustrated in Figure 1. The IV of the polyurethaneurea in the fiber was 1.00. Fiber properties are presented in Table III.
• COMPARISON EXAMPLE 3 A polyurethaneurea solution was prepared substantially as described in Example 3, but the capped glycol had 2.4 weight percent NCO, the mole ratio of ethylene diamine to 1 ,2-propanediamine in the chain extender mixture was 60/40. After 81 hours in the storage tank, during which freshly prepared polyurethaneurea solution was periodically added and solution was continuously removed for fiber spinning, the falling ball viscosity had risen to an unsatisfactory 4626 poise, as summarized in Table II and illustrated in Figure 1. The IV of the polyurethaneurea in the fiber was 1.00. Fiber properties are presented in Table III.

Landscapes

• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
• Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
• Artificial Filaments (AREA)
• Polyurethanes Or Polyureas (AREA)
• Woven Fabrics (AREA)

Priority Applications (4)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (2)

Family

ID=32042315

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (9)

Cited By (2)

Families Citing this family (17)

Family Cites Families (13)

• 2002
  • 2002-10-04 US US10/264,742 patent/US6984708B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 2003
  • 2003-10-03 JP JP2004543365A patent/JP4425793B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2003-10-03 CN CNB038014645A patent/CN1280327C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2003-10-03 WO PCT/US2003/031555 patent/WO2004033514A2/en not_active Ceased
  • 2003-10-03 AU AU2003284003A patent/AU2003284003A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2003-10-03 DE DE60319717T patent/DE60319717T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2003-10-03 TW TW092127432A patent/TWI300071B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2003-10-03 KR KR1020057005686A patent/KR101036077B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2003-10-03 EP EP03776230A patent/EP1546226B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 2005
  • 2005-08-31 US US11/216,733 patent/US20050288477A1/en not_active Abandoned

Also Published As

Similar Documents

Legal Events