WO2004013470A2 - Procede et dispositif servant a faire progresser de l'air a l'interieur d'un reformeur de combustible au moyen d'un turbocompresseur - Google Patents
Procede et dispositif servant a faire progresser de l'air a l'interieur d'un reformeur de combustible au moyen d'un turbocompresseur Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2004013470A2 WO2004013470A2 PCT/US2003/021182 US0321182W WO2004013470A2 WO 2004013470 A2 WO2004013470 A2 WO 2004013470A2 US 0321182 W US0321182 W US 0321182W WO 2004013470 A2 WO2004013470 A2 WO 2004013470A2
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- fuel reformer
- pressurized air
- reformate gas
- advancing
- gas
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B43/00—Engines characterised by operating on gaseous fuels; Plants including such engines
- F02B43/08—Plants characterised by the engines using gaseous fuel generated in the plant from solid fuel, e.g. wood
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/30—Use of alternative fuels, e.g. biofuels
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates generally to a power system and a method of operating the power system. More particularly, the present disclosure relates to advancing air into a fuel reformer of the power system.
- a fuel reformer is used to reform a hydrocarbon fuel into a reformate gas. Some fuel reformers use a mixture of air and fuel to produce the reformate gas.
- Reformate gas from fuel reformers may be utilized as a fuel or fuel additive in the operation of an internal combustion engine. Such reformate gas may also be utilized to regenerate an emission abatement device or as a fuel for a fuel cell.
- a fuel reforming system includes a turbocharger and a fuel reformer.
- the turbocharger has a pressurized air outlet that is fluidly coupled to an air inlet of the fuel reformer so that the turbocharger can provide pressurized air for use by the fuel reformer.
- the turbocharger has a turbine assembly that drives a compressor assembly to provide the pressurized air.
- the turbine assembly is driven by exhaust gas discharged by an internal combustion engine.
- the turbine assembly is driven by a reformate gas produced by the fuel reformer.
- a method of operating the above system includes operating the turbocharger so as to produce pressurized air, and advancing the pressurized air through the fuel reformer.
- a method of operating a power system includes operating the turbocharger so as to produce pressurized air, and advancing a reformate gas from the fuel reformer to a component with the pressurized air.
- the component may be, for example, the intake of the engine, an emission abatement device, or a fuel cell.
- FIG. 1 is a simplified block diagram of a power system that uses the engine vacuum of an internal combustion engine to advance air into a fuel reformer and to advance a reformate gas produced by the fuel reformer to the engine;
- FIG. 2 is a simplified block diagram of a second embodiment of a power system that uses the engine vacuum of an internal combustion engine to advance air into a fuel reformer and to advance a reformate gas produced by the fuel reformer to an emission abatement device;
- FIG. 3 is a simplified block diagram of a third embodiment of a power system that uses the engine vacuum of an internal combustion engine to drive a turbocharger which, when driven, advances pressurized air into a fuel reformer to advance a reformate gas produced by the fuel reformer to an emission abatement device;
- FIG. 4 is a simplified block diagram of a fourth embodiment of a power system in which exhaust gas discharged from an internal combustion engine drives a turbocharger which, when driven, advances pressurized air into a fuel reformer to advance a reformate gas produced by the fuel reformer to the engine;
- FIG. 5 is a simplified block diagram of a fifth embodiment of a power system in which exhaust gas discharged from an internal combustion engine drives a turbocharger which, when driven, advances pressurized air into a fuel reformer to advance a reformate gas produced by the fuel reformer to an emission abatement device;
- FIG. 6 is a simplified block diagram of a sixth embodiment of a power system having a turbocharger that advances pressurized air to a fuel reformer that produces a reformate gas that drives the turbocharger and advances to a component of the power system;
- FIG. 7 is a simplified block diagram showing an internal combustion engine as being the component of the power system of FIG. 6 that receives the reformate gas produced by the fuel reformer;
- FIG. 8 is a simplified block diagram showing an emission abatement device as being the component of the power system of FIG. 6 that receives the reformate gas produced by the fuel reformer; and
- FIG. 9 is a simplified block diagram showing a fuel cell as being the component of the power system of FIG. 6 that receives the reformate gas produced by the fuel reformer.
- a power system 10 which includes a fuel reformer 12 and an internal combustion engine 14.
- a conduit 16 interconnects the fuel reformer 12 and the engine 14.
- the fuel reformer 12 uses fuel and air to produce a reformate gas.
- the reformate gas is, for example, hydrogen-rich gas.
- the reformate gas may include other constituents such as carbon monoxide.
- the fuel is, for example, a hydrocarbon fuel, such as gasoline or diesel fuel, supplied by a fuel tank (not shown) of the power system 10.
- the engine 14 produces an engine vacuum when running (i.e., operated in an actuated mode of operation).
- the engine vacuum is communicated from the engine 14 to the fuel reformer 12 via the conduit 16 so as to draw or otherwise advance air into the fuel reformer 12.
- some portion of the air may be mixed with fuel with the resultant mixture being reformed so as to produce the reformate gas.
- the engine vacuum further draws or otherwise advances the reformate gas from the fuel reformer 12 into the engine 14 so as to enhance the combustion process in the engine 14, for example.
- the fuel reformer 12 comprises, for example, a plasma fuel reformer.
- a plasma fuel reformer uses a plasma -a heated, electrically conducting gas- to convert hydrocarbon fuel into hydrogen-rich gas. Such a plasma fuel reformer heats the electrically conducting gas either by an arc discharge or by a high frequency inductive or microwave discharge.
- Systems including plasma fuel reformers are disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 5,425,332 issued to Rabinovich et al.; U.S. Patent No. 5,437,250 issued to Rabinovich et al.; U.S. Patent No. 5,409,784 issued to Bromberg et al.; and U.S. Patent No. 5,887,554 issued to Cohn, et al., the disclosures of each of which is hereby incorporated by reference.
- the fuel reformer 12 may comprise another type of fuel reformer, such as a catalytic fuel reformer, a thermal fuel reformer, or a steam fuel reformer.
- the fuel reformer 12 includes an air inlet 18 for admitting air into the fuel reformer 12 and a reformate gas outlet 20 for discharging the reformate gas from the fuel reformer 12.
- the engine 14 has an intake 22 such as an intake manifold for admitting the reformate gas into the engine 14.
- the conduit 16 is coupled to the reformate gas outlet 20 and the intake 22 to conduct the reformate gas from the outlet 20 to the intake 22.
- the engine vacuum is present at intake 22.
- the engine vacuum causes air to advance through the inlet 18 and into the fuel reformer 12.
- the engine vacuum further causes the reformate gas produced by the reformer 12 to advance from the outlet 20 through the conduit 16 to the intake 22.
- Advancing the reformate gas from the outlet 20 through the conduit 16 to the intake 22 generates a pressure drop across the conduit 16 between the outlet 20 and the intake 22. More particularly, advancing the reformate gas from the outlet 20 through the conduit 16 to the intake 22 generates an intake pressure at the intake 22 which is less than the outlet pressure at the outlet 20.
- the driven mechanism is mechanically coupled to an output mechanism of the engine 14 such as a crankshaft or the like.
- the driven mechanism may be embodied as a transmission, specifically a vehicle transmission, which is used to propel a vehicle.
- the driven mechanism may be provided as a power generator or the like for producing electrical power from the mechanical output of the engine 14.
- the driven mechanism may be embodied as any type of mechanism which is driven by an internal combustion engine.
- the driven mechanism may be embodied as a pump mechanism or the like.
- the power system 110 includes structures similar to structures of the power system 10 so that like reference numerals refer to like structures.
- the power system 110 includes the fuel reformer 12 and the engine 14.
- the power system 110 further includes an emission abatement device 124 such as a
- the emission abatement device 124 is fluidly coupled to the engine 14 via an exhaust gas conduit 126 to receive exhaust gas discharged from the engine 14 to remove or otherwise treat emissions of the exhaust gas.
- the device 124 is arranged, for example, to remove compounds such as NO x , SO x , or soot particles present in the exhaust gas discharged from the engine 14.
- the device 124 may be used to trap or otherwise capture one or more compounds present in the engine's exhaust gases. In such a way, treated emissions are exhausted into the surrounding atmosphere.
- the emission abatement device 124 is fluidly coupled to the reformate gas outlet 20 of the fuel reformer 12 via a reformate gas conduit 116 to receive the reformate gas from the fuel reformer 12.
- the reformate gas is used to regenerate or otherwise condition the emission abatement device 124 during operation of the engine
- the engine vacuum produced by the engine 14 is used to draw or otherwise advance the reformate gas from the outlet 20 to the emission abatement device 124.
- a vacuum source 122 of the engine 14 is fluidly coupled to the reformate gas conduit 116 via a vacuum supply conduit 128.
- the engine vacuum thus causes the reformate gas to advance from the outlet 20 of the fuel reformer 12 to the emission abatement device 124 via the reformate gas conduit 116.
- the vacuum present in the supply conduit 128 also causes air to be advanced into the fuel reformer 12 in a similar manner to as described above with respect to FIG. 1.
- the power system 210 includes structures similar to structures of the power system 10 and the power system 110 so that like reference numerals refer to like structures.
- power system 210 includes an emission abatement device 124 fluidly coupled to a fuel reformer 12 via a reformate gas conduit 116.
- the emission abatement device 124 is fluidly coupled to an engine 14 via an exhaust gas conduit 126 to receive exhaust gas discharged from the engine 14 to reduce or otherwise treat emissions of the exhaust gas.
- Power system 210 also includes a turbocharger 230 for advancing air into the inlet 18 of the fuel reformer 12 with the engine vacuum produced by the engine 14.
- the turbocharger 230 has a turbine assembly 232 and a compressor assembly 236.
- the turbine assembly 232 is driven by the engine vacuum.
- the turbine assembly 232 in turn drives the compressor assembly 236 via a shaft (not shown) coupled to the turbine assembly 232 and the compressor assembly 236.
- Operation of the compressor assembly 236 pressurizes air and advances the pressurized air into the fuel reformer 12.
- Operation of the compressor assembly 236 further causes the reformate gas produced by the fuel reformer 12 to advance from the fuel reformer 12 to the emission abatement device 124 for regeneration of the emission abatement device 124.
- the turbine assembly 232 has a turbine gas inlet 240 and a turbine gas outlet 242.
- the turbine gas outlet 242 is fluidly coupled to a vacuum source 122 of the engine 14 via a vacuum supply conduit 234.
- the engine vacuum provided by the vacuum source 122 draws or otherwise advances air through the turbine gas inlet 240, the turbine assembly 232, the turbine gas outlet 242, and the vacuum supply conduit 234 to drive the turbine assembly 232.
- the compressor assembly 236 has an unpressurized air inlet 246 and a pressurized air outlet 248.
- the unpressurized air inlet 246 admits unpressurized air (i.e., air having a pressure lower than air at the pressurized air outlet 248) into the compressor assembly 236.
- the pressurized air outlet 248 discharges air pressurized by the compressor assembly 236.
- the pressurized air outlet 248 is fluidly coupled to the inlet 18 of the fuel reformer 12 via a pressurized air conduit 238. Operation of the compressor assembly 238 causes pressurized air to advance from the pressurized air outlet 248 through the pressurized air conduit 238 and through the inlet 18 of the fuel reformer 12 and causes the reformate gas produced by the fuel reformer 12 to advance from the outlet 20 of the fuel reformer 12 through the reformate gas conduit 116 to the emission abatement device 124.
- the herein described systems may also be utilized to supply reformate gas from the fuel reformer to components other than an engine or an emission abatement device.
- the engine vacuum produced by the engine may be used to advance air into the fuel reformer and to advance a reformate gas produced by the fuel reformer from the fuel reformer to a fuel cell.
- a fuel cell uses the reformate gas to generate electricity to power electrical components of the power system or other electrical components.
- the fuel cell may be embodied as any type of fuel cell.
- the fuel cell may be embodied as an alkaline fuel cell (AFC), a phosphoric acid fuel cell (PAFC), a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC), a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC), a molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC), or any other type of fuel cell.
- AFC alkaline fuel cell
- PAFC phosphoric acid fuel cell
- PEMFC proton exchange membrane fuel cell
- SOFC solid oxide fuel cell
- MCFC molten carbonate fuel cell
- the power system 310 includes structures similar to structures of the above-described power systems so that like reference numerals refer to like structures.
- the power system 310 includes a fuel reformer 12, an internal combustion engine 14, and a turbocharger 330.
- the fuel reformer 12 uses fuel from a fuel tank (not shown) and pressurized air from the turbocharger 330 to produce a reformate gas which is advanced to the engine 14. Exhaust gas discharged from the engine 14 is used to drive the turbocharger 330 so that the turbocharger 330 can provide the pressurized air for use by the fuel reformer 12.
- the turbocharger 330 has a turbine assembly 332 and a compressor assembly 336 coupled to the turbine assembly 332 via a shaft (not shown).
- the turbine assembly 332 has a turbine gas inlet 340 and a turbine gas outlet 342.
- the turbine gas inlet 340 admits exhaust gas discharged from the exhaust manifold 23 of the engine 14 into the turbine assembly 332.
- the turbine gas outlet 342 discharges exhaust gas from the turbine assembly 332.
- the turbine gas inlet 340 is fluidly coupled to the exhaust manifold 23 of the engine 14 via an exhaust gas conduit 348 so that exhaust gas discharged from the exhaust manifold 23 flows from the exhaust manifold 23 through the exhaust gas conduit 344, the turbine gas inlet 340, the turbine assembly 332, and the turbine gas outlet 342 to drive the turbine assembly 332.
- the compressor assembly 336 has an unpressurized air inlet 346 and a pressurized air outlet 348. The unpressurized air inlet 346 admits unpressurized air
- the pressurized air outlet 348 discharges pressurized air from the compressor assembly 336.
- the exhaust gas drives the turbine assembly 332 as it advances therethrough.
- the turbine assembly 332 in turn drives the compressor assembly 336.
- the pressurized air outlet 348 is fluidly coupled to the pressurized air inlet 18 of the fuel reformer via a pressurized air conduit 350. In such a way, pressurized air from the turbocharger 330 is advanced out the pressurized air outlet 348, through the pressurized air conduit 350, and into the pressurized air inlet 346. Operation of the turbocharger 330 thus advances pressurized air from the turbocharger 330 into the fuel reformer 12.
- the fuel reformer uses the pressurized air and fuel to produce the reformate gas.
- the reformate gas is discharged from a reformate gas outlet 20 of the fuel reformer 12 and advances from the reformate gas outlet 20 through a reformate gas conduit 16 to an intake 22 of the engine 14 with the pressurized air. Operation of the turbocharger 330 thus also advances the reformate gas from the fuel reformer 12 to the engine 14.
- the power system 410 includes structures similar to structures of the above-described power systems so that like reference numerals refer to like structures.
- the power system 410 includes a fuel reformer 12, an internal combustion engine 14, a turbocharger 330, and an emission abatement device 124.
- Exhaust gas discharged from the engine 14 flows through the turbocharger 330 to operate the turbocharger 330 and then flows through the emission abatement device 124 for treatment of the exhaust gas prior to discharge to the surrounding atmosphere.
- Operation of the turbocharger 330 pressurizes air and causes the pressurized air to advance into the fuel reformer 12.
- the reformate gas produced by the fuel reformer 12 is advanced from the fuel reformer 12 to the emission abatement device 124 by pressurized air from the turbocharger 330 for regeneration of the emission abatement device 124.
- the turbocharger 330 is fluidly coupled to the engine 14, the emission abatement device 124, and the fuel reformer 12.
- the exhaust manifold 23 of the engine 14 is fluidly coupled to a turbine gas inlet 340 of a turbine assembly 332 of the turbocharger 330 via an exhaust gas conduit 344.
- exliaust gas from the exhaust manifold 23 is advanced through the exhaust gas conduit 344 an into the turbine gas inlet 340.
- a turbine gas outlet 342 is fluidly coupled to the emission abatement device 124 via an exhaust gas conduit 452 to provide exhaust gas from the turbine gas outlet 342 through the exliaust gas conduit 452 to the emission abatement device 124.
- a pressurized air outlet 348 of a compressor assembly 336 of the turbocharger 330 is fluidly coupled to a pressurized air inlet 18 of the fuel reformer 12 via a pressurized air conduit 350 to provide pressurized air from the pressurized air outlet 348 through the pressurized air conduit 350 to the pressurized air inlet 18.
- Exhaust gas drives the turbine assembly 332 as it flows from the turbine gas inlet 340 through the turbine assembly 332 to the turbine gas outlet 342.
- the turbine assembly 332 in turn drives the compressor assembly 336.
- Operation of the compressor assembly 336 pressurizes air that enters the compressor assembly 336 through an unpressurized air inlet 346 and exits the compressor assembly 336 through the pressurized air outlet 348.
- the driven compressor assembly 336 causes the pressurized air to advance through the pressurized air conduit 350 and the pressurized air inlet 18 into the fuel reformer 12 and causes the reformate gas produced by the fuel reformer 12 to advance from a reformate gas outlet 20 of the fuel reformer 12 to the emission abatement device 12 through a reformate gas conduit 116.
- FIG. 6 another power system 510 is shown.
- the power system 510 includes structures similar to structures of the above-described power systems so that like reference numerals refer to like structures.
- the power system 510 includes a fuel reformer 12, a turbocharger 330, and a component 511.
- the component 511 may be, for example, the internal combustion engine 14 (see FIG. 7), the emission abatement device 124 (see FIG. 8), or a fuel cell 513 (see FIG. 9).
- the reformate gas produced by the fuel reformer 12 advances through the turbocharger 330 to operate the turbocharger 330. Thereafter, the reformate gas is exhausted from the turbocharger 330 and advanced to either the intake 22 of the engine 14, the emission abatement device 124, or the fuel cell 513.
- turbocharger 330 provides pressurized air for input into the fuel reformer 12, and, similar to as described above, for advancement of the reformate gas produced from the fuel reformer 12 to the component 511 (via the turbocharger 330).
- the turbocharger 330 is fluidly coupled to the fuel reformer 12 and the component 511.
- the turbine gas inlet 340 of a turbine assembly 332 of the turbocharger 330 is fluidly coupled to the reformate gas outlet 20 of the fuel reformer 12 via a reformate gas conduit 516.
- the turbine gas outlet 342 of the turbine assembly 332 is fluidly coupled to the component 511 via a reformate gas conduit 517.
- the pressurized air outlet 348 is fluidly coupled to a pressurized air inlet 18 of the fuel reformer via a pressurized air conduit 350.
- the reformate gas produced by the fuel reformer 12 drives the turbine assembly 332.
- the reformate gas advances from the reformate gas outlet 20 through the reformate gas conduit 516 to the reformate gas inlet 340 of the turbine assembly 332.
- the reformate gas then flows from the reformate gas inlet 340 through the turbine assembly 332 to the reformate gas outlet 342 of the turbine assembly 332 to drive the turbine assembly 332.
- the reformate gas advances through the reformate gas conduit 517 to the component 511.
- Flow of exhaust gas through the turbine assembly 332 causes the turbine assembly 332 to drive the compressor assembly 336.
- Operation of the compressor assembly 336 causes unpressurized air to enter the compressor assembly 336 through an unpressurized air inlet 346, to flow through the compressor assembly 336, and to exit the compressor assembly 336 through the pressurized air outlet 348 as pressurized air.
- the pressurized air advances through the pressurized air conduit 350 to the pressurized air inlet 18 of the fuel reformer 12 for mixing with fuel to produce the reformate gas.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
- Supercharger (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AU2003249744A AU2003249744A1 (en) | 2002-08-05 | 2003-07-07 | Method and apparatus for advancing air into a fuel reformer by use of a turbocharger |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US40109502P | 2002-08-05 | 2002-08-05 | |
US60/401,095 | 2002-08-05 | ||
US10/612,446 US20040020191A1 (en) | 2002-08-05 | 2003-07-02 | Method and apparatus for advancing air into a fuel reformer by use of a turbocharger |
US10/612,446 | 2003-07-02 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2004013470A2 true WO2004013470A2 (fr) | 2004-02-12 |
WO2004013470A3 WO2004013470A3 (fr) | 2004-10-21 |
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PCT/US2003/021182 WO2004013470A2 (fr) | 2002-08-05 | 2003-07-07 | Procede et dispositif servant a faire progresser de l'air a l'interieur d'un reformeur de combustible au moyen d'un turbocompresseur |
Country Status (3)
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US (1) | US20040020191A1 (fr) |
AU (1) | AU2003249744A1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2004013470A2 (fr) |
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DE102004028651B4 (de) * | 2004-06-15 | 2006-09-28 | J. Eberspächer GmbH & Co. KG | Brennkraftmaschine |
US7213397B2 (en) * | 2005-02-07 | 2007-05-08 | Eaton Corporation | Mechanism and method of combined fuel reformer and dosing system for exhaust aftertreatment and anti-idle SOFC APU |
US7464539B2 (en) * | 2005-04-29 | 2008-12-16 | Emcon Technologies Llc | Method and apparatus for supplying air to emission abatement device by use of turbocharger |
WO2008016225A1 (fr) * | 2006-08-01 | 2008-02-07 | Korea Institute Of Machinery & Materials | Appareil destiné à une réaction plasmatique et système permettant de réduire les matières particulaires d'un gaz d'échappement à l'aide dudit appareil |
US20080271447A1 (en) * | 2007-05-03 | 2008-11-06 | Abel John B | Method and apparatus for supplying air to an emission abatement device by use of a turbocharger |
JP5601362B2 (ja) * | 2012-10-16 | 2014-10-08 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 内燃機関 |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20040020191A1 (en) | 2004-02-05 |
WO2004013470A3 (fr) | 2004-10-21 |
AU2003249744A1 (en) | 2004-02-23 |
AU2003249744A8 (en) | 2004-02-23 |
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