WO2003074843A1 - Leichtbauventil - Google Patents
Leichtbauventil Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2003074843A1 WO2003074843A1 PCT/EP2003/002178 EP0302178W WO03074843A1 WO 2003074843 A1 WO2003074843 A1 WO 2003074843A1 EP 0302178 W EP0302178 W EP 0302178W WO 03074843 A1 WO03074843 A1 WO 03074843A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- valve
- welding
- plate cover
- blank
- valve body
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/02—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating by means of a press ; Diffusion bonding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K11/00—Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating
- B23K11/24—Electric supply or control circuits therefor
- B23K11/26—Storage discharge welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
- B23P15/001—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass valves or valve housings
- B23P15/002—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass valves or valve housings poppet valves
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F01L3/00—Lift-valve, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces; Parts or accessories thereof
- F01L3/12—Cooling of valves
- F01L3/14—Cooling of valves by means of a liquid or solid coolant, e.g. sodium, in a closed chamber in a valve
Definitions
- the invention is based on a lightweight valve according to the preamble of claim 1, as is known for example from DE 198 04 053 AI. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for producing such a lightweight valve according to the preamble of claim 5.
- valve weight-optimized valves in internal combustion engines can significantly reduce the loss of friction in the valve train. This is particularly important for high-speed internal combustion engines, but it also plays an important role in alternative valve train systems that are not based on conventional camshaft control.
- the valve weight can be reduced in particular by introducing cavities in the valve stem and / or in the valve cone.
- valve cone and valve plate together forming a cavity.
- the valve cone and valve disc are thin-walled individual parts which are connected to one another and to the valve stem by means of soldering or welding.
- the cavity of the valve is provided with a support structure which supports the valve plate cover with respect to the stem. This support structure should minimize the deformation of the valve head under load and prevent cracking in the area of the valve head.
- valve cone and valve plate are connected with fillet welds;
- the common fusion welding processes such as e.g. TIG, laser or electron beam welding - in question.
- these welding processes can only be used to a limited extent in the case of thin-walled valve geometries, especially when the valve cavity is filled with a metallic cooling medium: Because of the spatially closely spaced arrangement of cooling metal and welding surface, there is in these cases the risk that the cooling metal will melt and reach the welding surface, which can result in a significant reduction in the strength and tightness of the weld.
- the cooling medium can be retrofitted - i.e.
- the invention is therefore based on the object of providing a lightweight valve which, on the one hand, has high stability with respect to the thermal and mechanical operating loads. tion, on the other hand is simple and inexpensive to manufacture. Furthermore, the invention has for its object to provide a large-scale production method for such a lightweight valve.
- the lightweight valve then consists of a valve body - which in turn comprises the valve stem and the hollow valve cone - and a valve plate cover, which is connected to the valve cone using a press-fit welding process.
- a weight-reducing cavity is formed between the valve cone and the valve plate cover, which cavity is provided with a strengthening support structure.
- the press-connection welding processes have the advantage that these processes are accompanied by locally limited heating of the welding area. Therefore, negligible warpage of the workpieces occurs when using these methods.
- process-reliable welding of the thin-walled valve components is therefore possible without the risk of a weakening of the welding area (for example due to contamination of the welding surface by molten cooling metal).
- a wide range of different material combinations can be connected without protective gas using these processes.
- the heat required for welding the valve plate cover to the valve body is generated by a relative movement of the individual components pressed against one another (see claim 6).
- the valve body is set in rotation, while the valve plate cover is firmly clamped in an axially displaceable device and is pressed against the rotating valve body.
- the rotating valve body is braked and, at the same time, the contact pressure is increased, so that the two parts are welded in an annular contact area by compressing the valve body against the valve plate cover.
- the welding parameters (speed, friction force, braking and upsetting time etc.) depend on the material combination and the geometry of the joining partners in the welding area.
- the workpieces to be welded - valve body and valve plate cover - are clamped into the welding device in such a way that the two workpieces touch along an annular contact area. Due to the high currents flowing (for example due to the discharge of a capacitor), the valve body and valve plate are welded to one another in this contact area, so that an annular, continuous connecting web is formed between the two workpieces (see claim 7). Since the welding pulse is very short (approx. 10 to 15 milliseconds for capacitor discharge welding) and since the currents are introduced into a locally narrowly limited area, there is only a slight distortion of the workpiece.
- the quality of the welding result essentially depends on the fact that a continuous ring-shaped contact area is formed between the valve body and the valve disk cover, along which the local material heating and welding takes place.
- the valve disk cover blank has a peripheral edge in the edge area on the side facing the valve body, which edge meets a conically shaped area of the valve body in the assembled position with the valve body (see claim 8).
- the valve disk cover blank is provided with a frusto-conical edge region, while the valve body blank has an edge in the contact area of the valve disk cover blank between a hollow cylindrical and a planar section (see claim 9). In both cases, an annular edge meets a conically shaped counter region, whereby a high-strength annular weld is achieved.
- a one-piece valve body blank (comprising a valve stem and a valve cone) is used to manufacture the lightweight valve (see claim 2).
- This has the advantage that no additional process step for connecting the valve stem to the valve cone is necessary to produce the valve body blank; furthermore, in the case of one-piece valve bodies, there is no risk of a reduction in strength due to an incorrect connection of the individual parts.
- the cavity between the valve plug and the valve plate cover is filled with a cooling medium, by means of which the heat dissipation from the thermally highly stressed areas of the valve plate cover and the zones of the valve plug adjacent to it is improved (see claim 3).
- a cooling medium in particular Sodium used.
- the good thermal conductivity of sodium is used, but in particular the transport of heat by the shaking movement of the valve during operation, whereby hot sodium is transported to cooler areas, where it emits heat and is then available again for cooling in the hotter plate area.
- sodium other metals with a low melting point, such as potassium or sodium-potassium alloys, can also be used.
- Fig. La an inventive lightweight valve
- Fig. 2 is a schematic representation of the process steps in the manufacture of the lightweight valve of Figure la: valve body blank and valve plate cover blank ...
- FIG. 2a shows before welding; Fig. 2b ... during welding Fig. 2c ... in the fully welded state.
- Fig. 3 shows an alternative embodiment of the blanks to be welded.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of a lightweight valve 1 according to the invention, consisting of a valve body 2 and a valve plate cover 3, which are welded together by means of a press-connection welding method.
- the valve body 2 in turn consists of a valve stem 4 and a hollow valve cone 5 and is formed in one piece in the present exemplary embodiment.
- Valve cone 5 and valve plate cover 3 together form the so-called valve head 6.
- a weight-optimizing cavity 7 is formed between the valve cone 5 and the valve plate cover 3.
- a support structure 8 arranged in the cavity 7 supports the valve plate cover 3 with respect to the shaft 4; in the present case, the support structure 8 is formed by a pin 9 arranged centrally in the cavity 7.
- a valve body composed of several individual parts e.g. using different materials for the stem and valve cone
- the valve plate cover 3 can, according to the invention, be welded to the valve cone 5, for example with the aid of capacitor discharge welding.
- the associated method steps are shown schematically in FIGS. 2a to 2c.
- a valve body blank 10 is assumed, which - as shown in FIG. 2a - is provided with an inner cavity 11 in the region of the valve cone 5.
- a support structure 8 is provided, which projects a predetermined depth into the interior 11.
- a conically shaped joining region 13 is provided on the wall 12 of the inner cavity 11.
- the valve body blank 10 can be produced by forming (forging, extrusion, etc.) and / or by machining.
- a valve plate cover blank 14 is used as joining partner, which in the present example has the shape of a cylindrical disk 15; the joining area 16 provided on the valve disk cover blank 14 thus has the shape of an annular peripheral edge 17 with a rectangular contour.
- valve plate cover blank 14 is inserted into the cavity 11 of the valve body blank 10; the circumferential edge 17 of the valve disk cover blank 14 lies linearly on the conical joining area 13 in the inner cavity 11 of the valve cone 5. Then, with the aid of a capacitor discharge welding device 18 (indicated schematically by dashed lines in FIG. 2b), the valve plate blank 14 is pressed into the interior 11 of the valve body blank 10 (arrow 19 in FIG.
- This contact surface 21 is parallel to the annular edge 17, which means that the entire edge 17 is pressed onto the opposite joining surface 13 of the joint in a precisely directed and uniform manner Valve body blanks 10 allowed. Since the contact surface 21 is substantially larger than the (approximately linear) contact surface of the edge 17 on the joining area 13 of the valve body blank 10, it is ensured that the material heating and plasticizing takes place reliably on the edge 17 during welding.
- the cone angle 23 of the conical joining area 13 is preferably between 10 ° and 80 °.
- the diameter of the disk 15 is matched to the diameter and the cone angle 23 of the joining area 13 and the welding parameters (current intensity, contact pressure etc.) are selected so that the valve plate blank 14 penetrates so deep into the inner cavity 11 during welding that it rests on the support structure 8; this ensures that the valve plate cover 3 is supported in later operation by the support structure 8 with respect to the valve stem 4.
- valve body 10.2 and valve plate cover 14.3 can be selected according to the other requirements (e.g. on the functional side).
- all known valve materials and e.g. Titanium aluminides, iron aluminides, metal matrix composites, titanium and aluminum alloys etc. are used and combined with one another. The method can therefore also be used in particular for applications for which other welding methods cannot be used or can only be used with difficulty.
- FIG. 3 An alternative embodiment of the joining areas 13 ', 16' on the valve body blank 10 'and the valve plate cover blank 14' is shown in FIG. 3:
- the joining area 16 'on the valve plate blank 14' has the shape of a truncated cone while on a circumferential edge 13 'is provided for the valve body blank 10'.
- the contact area between the two blanks 10 ', 14' is also given here by an annular circumferential line contour.
- any further geometric configurations are possible; it must be ensured that the two joining Touch the partner in the assembled position in a ring-shaped, linear contact area.
- the two joining partners can be joined by projection welding, the peripheral edge 17, 13 'on the valve body blank 10, 10' or valve plate cover blank 14, 14 'acting as an ignition initiating projection.
- the two joining partners can be connected to one another by friction welding.
- the valve disk cover blank 14 is held in the friction welding machine in a torsionally fixed but axially movable manner, while the valve body blank 10 is mounted and driven in a stationary, rotating manner.
- the blanking valve cover blank 14 is pressed against the conical joining surface 13 of the valve cone 5 with an initially moderate axial force, the material of both parts lying near the contact zone heating up due to friction and thereby softening.
- the rotating valve body blank 10 is shut down very quickly and at the same time the axial force of the valve disk cover blank 14 is increased and this is moved by a certain axial stroke into the inner cavity 11 of the valve cone 5 pressed in.
- the parts 10, 14 weld intimately to one another at the contact zone.
- the contact surface between the two joining partners 10, 14 does not have to be linear when using friction welding; rather, depending on the wall thickness and the geometry of the joining partners 10, 14 in the joining area, it may be expedient to provide a two-dimensional contact zone.
- valve 1 After the joining partners 10, 14 have been welded, the valve 1 is machined; Here, an area of the valve disk cover blank 14 protruding from the valve cone 5 is cut to the desired dimension (dashed line 24 in FIG. 2c). wear and remove any remaining burrs etc.
- FIG. 1b An alternative embodiment of a lightweight valve 1 'according to the invention is shown in FIG. 1b:
- the cavity 7' extends into the valve stem 4 '.
- the support structure 8 is formed by a plurality of pins 9 ′, which are arranged equidistantly on a circular arc.
- the cavity 7 ' is filled with a cooling medium 25 (e.g. sodium), which is in the liquid state at the usual operating temperatures of the valve 1'.
- the cooling medium 25 therefore flows through the cavity 7' and thus supports the removal of heat from the hot area of the valve head 6 'into the cooler stem area 4'.
- the interior 11 of the valve body blank 10, 10' is first filled with cooling medium 25 and then - using one of the methods described above - welded to the valve plate cover blank 14, 14 '.
- the cooling medium is either pressed into the interior 11 of the valve body 10, 10 'in a solid state of aggregation and held there in position by the support structure 8, and / or the valve body blank 10, 10' is connected to the one contained in its interior 11 ( liquid or solid) cooling medium 25 vertically aligned during welding in such a way that the cooling medium 25 cannot flow out.
- the inner support structure 8 can also have annular support walls and / or laterally projecting support ribs.
- the wall thickness of the valve cone 5 or the valve plate cover 3 can be optimized in a targeted manner, taking into account the design of the support structure 8, in order to further reduce the weight of the valve 1, 1 '.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP03743371A EP1485582A1 (de) | 2002-03-05 | 2003-03-04 | Leichtbauventil |
US10/506,593 US20060005792A1 (en) | 2002-03-05 | 2003-03-04 | Lightweight valve |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10209770A DE10209770A1 (de) | 2002-03-05 | 2002-03-05 | Leichtbauventil |
DE10209770.4 | 2002-03-05 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2003074843A1 true WO2003074843A1 (de) | 2003-09-12 |
Family
ID=27771018
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2003/002178 WO2003074843A1 (de) | 2002-03-05 | 2003-03-04 | Leichtbauventil |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20060005792A1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1485582A1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE10209770A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2003074843A1 (de) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
RU2641870C1 (ru) * | 2014-02-10 | 2018-01-22 | Ниттан Вэлв Ко., Лтд. | Полый тарельчатый клапан |
WO2018095591A1 (de) * | 2016-11-22 | 2018-05-31 | Federal-Mogul Valvetrain Gmbh | FEUERVERSCHWEIßTES INNENGEKÜHLTES VENTIL SOWIE VERFAHREN ZUR HERSTELLUNG |
WO2019086154A1 (de) * | 2017-10-30 | 2019-05-09 | Federal-Mogul Valvetrain Gmbh | Innengekühltes ventil für einen verbrennungsmotor |
Families Citing this family (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102004063518B4 (de) * | 2004-12-30 | 2006-12-14 | Josef Lehle | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Kegels für ein Ventil und eines Ventils |
WO2009052885A1 (de) * | 2007-10-24 | 2009-04-30 | Borgwarner Inc. | Verfahren zum verbinden eines turbinenrades und einer welle eines abgasturboladers mittls eines kondensatorentladungsschweissvorgangs |
CN103240567B (zh) * | 2012-02-10 | 2015-06-10 | 上海茂德企业集团有限公司 | 阀盖支架加工方法、用于加工阀盖支架的夹具和加工设备 |
DE102013210900A1 (de) * | 2013-06-11 | 2014-12-11 | Mahle International Gmbh | Gaswechselventil einer Brennkraftmaschine |
CN108351033B (zh) * | 2015-11-10 | 2019-12-27 | 乔治洛德方法研究和开发液化空气有限公司 | 针对低温设备中的上装式阀的阀配装 |
RU2689492C1 (ru) * | 2015-11-10 | 2019-05-28 | Л'Эр Ликид, Сосьете Аноним Пур Л'Этюд Э Л'Эксплуатасьон Де Проседе Жорж Клод | Адаптация клапана с прессовой посадкой для клапана с верхним разъемом в криогенном оборудовании |
DE102016014769A1 (de) | 2016-12-10 | 2018-06-14 | Daimler Ag | Ventil für eine Verbrennungskraftmaschine eines Kraftwagens |
DE102017127986A1 (de) | 2017-11-27 | 2019-05-29 | Federal-Mogul Valvetrain Gmbh | Innengekühltes Ventil mit Ventilboden und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung |
DE102018122441A1 (de) | 2018-09-13 | 2020-03-19 | Federal-Mogul Valvetrain Gmbh | Geschweisstes hohlraumventil mit kleiner wärmeeinflusszone und verfahren zur herstellung |
DE102018125231A1 (de) * | 2018-10-12 | 2020-04-16 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Leichtbau-Gaswechselventil |
DE102022117120A1 (de) | 2022-07-08 | 2024-01-11 | Federal-Mogul Valvetrain Gmbh | Reibgeschweisstes Hohlraumventil, Komponenten davon und Werkzeug zu dessen Herstellung |
DE102022117119A1 (de) | 2022-07-08 | 2024-01-11 | Federal-Mogul Valvetrain Gmbh | Reibgeschweisstes Hohlraumventil, Komponenten davon und Werkzeug zu dessen Herstellung |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB532184A (en) * | 1939-08-19 | 1941-01-20 | British Aero Components Ltd | Improvements in poppet valves and their manufacture |
GB683057A (en) * | 1950-01-28 | 1952-11-19 | Gabriel Jeudi | Process for the production of hollow valves and valves obtained by this process |
DE910492C (de) * | 1951-10-03 | 1954-05-03 | Wilhelm Schmidt | Hohles Tellerventil |
JPH07119421A (ja) * | 1993-10-25 | 1995-05-09 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Na封入中空エンジンバルブの製造方法 |
DE19804053A1 (de) | 1998-02-03 | 1999-08-05 | Mwp Mahle J Wizemann Pleuco Gm | Leichtbauventil |
Family Cites Families (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1714690A (en) * | 1926-07-01 | 1929-05-28 | Doherty Res Co | Valve |
US2218983A (en) * | 1937-10-14 | 1940-10-22 | Eaton Mfg Co | Valve structure |
US2354947A (en) * | 1940-08-30 | 1944-08-01 | Thompson Prod Inc | Hollow head poppet valve |
US2407561A (en) * | 1943-05-06 | 1946-09-10 | Allegheny Ludlum Steel | Hollow valve for internalcombustion engines |
US2432761A (en) * | 1944-01-17 | 1947-12-16 | Eaton Mfg Co | Method of electric resistance welding head closures to hollow valve bodies |
US2394177A (en) * | 1944-05-13 | 1946-02-05 | Eaton Mfg Co | Collant contained valve |
US2398514A (en) * | 1944-10-14 | 1946-04-16 | Wilhelm B Bronander | Internal-combustion engine |
US2439240A (en) * | 1945-01-18 | 1948-04-06 | Thompson Prod Inc | Braced head dome valve |
DE2727006A1 (de) * | 1977-06-15 | 1978-12-21 | Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz Ag | Tellerventil mit innenkuehlung, insbesondere auslassventil fuer hubkolbenbrennkraftmaschinen |
DE3935496C1 (en) * | 1989-10-25 | 1990-07-26 | Mercedes-Benz Aktiengesellschaft, 7000 Stuttgart, De | (Exhaust) valve of internal combustion engine - made at least completion of intermetallic phases of nickel and aluminium |
-
2002
- 2002-03-05 DE DE10209770A patent/DE10209770A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2003
- 2003-03-04 EP EP03743371A patent/EP1485582A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2003-03-04 WO PCT/EP2003/002178 patent/WO2003074843A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2003-03-04 US US10/506,593 patent/US20060005792A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB532184A (en) * | 1939-08-19 | 1941-01-20 | British Aero Components Ltd | Improvements in poppet valves and their manufacture |
GB683057A (en) * | 1950-01-28 | 1952-11-19 | Gabriel Jeudi | Process for the production of hollow valves and valves obtained by this process |
DE910492C (de) * | 1951-10-03 | 1954-05-03 | Wilhelm Schmidt | Hohles Tellerventil |
JPH07119421A (ja) * | 1993-10-25 | 1995-05-09 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Na封入中空エンジンバルブの製造方法 |
DE19804053A1 (de) | 1998-02-03 | 1999-08-05 | Mwp Mahle J Wizemann Pleuco Gm | Leichtbauventil |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 1995, no. 08 29 September 1995 (1995-09-29) * |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
RU2641870C1 (ru) * | 2014-02-10 | 2018-01-22 | Ниттан Вэлв Ко., Лтд. | Полый тарельчатый клапан |
WO2018095591A1 (de) * | 2016-11-22 | 2018-05-31 | Federal-Mogul Valvetrain Gmbh | FEUERVERSCHWEIßTES INNENGEKÜHLTES VENTIL SOWIE VERFAHREN ZUR HERSTELLUNG |
WO2019086154A1 (de) * | 2017-10-30 | 2019-05-09 | Federal-Mogul Valvetrain Gmbh | Innengekühltes ventil für einen verbrennungsmotor |
CN111148888A (zh) * | 2017-10-30 | 2020-05-12 | 联邦摩高气门机构公司 | 内燃机内部冷却阀 |
US11333046B2 (en) | 2017-10-30 | 2022-05-17 | Federal-Mogul Valvetrain Gmbh | Internally cooled valve for an internal combustion engine |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1485582A1 (de) | 2004-12-15 |
US20060005792A1 (en) | 2006-01-12 |
DE10209770A1 (de) | 2003-10-09 |
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