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Definitions

• the present invention relates to adenosine A 3 receptor ligands of the general formula (I), within those preferably antagonists, as well as their salts, solvates and isomers, and the pharmaceutical compositions containing them, to the use of the compounds of the general formula .(I) ⁇ as_welL as their salts, solvates and isomers, to the preparation of the compounds of the general formula (I) and their salts, solvates and isomers, furthermore to the new intermediates of the general formulae (II) and (HI) and to the preparation thereof.
• Adenosine is a well-known component of several endogenous molecules (ATP,
• NAD + nucleic acids
• NAD + nucleic acids
• adenosine plays an important regulatory role in many physiological processes.
• the effect of adenosine on heart function was discovered already in 1929. (Drury and Szentgy ⁇ rgyi, J Physiol 68:213, 1929).
• the identification of an increasing number of physiological functions mediated by adenosine and the discovery of new adenosine receptor subtypes give possibilities for therapeutic application of specific ligands (Poulse, S. A. and Quinn, R. J. Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry 6:619, 1998).
• the receptors for adenosine have been classified into three main classes: Ai, A 2 and A 3 .
• the Ai subtype is partly responsible for inhibiting the adenylate cyclase by coupling to Gj membrane protein, partly influences other second messenger systems.
• the A receptor subtype can be subdivided into two further subtypes - A 2a and A 2b -, which receptors stimulate the adenylate cyclase activity.
• the sequence of adenosine A 3 receptors has been recently identified from rat testis cDNA library. Later it was proved that it corresponds to a novel, functional adenosine receptor.
• the activation of the A 3 receptors is connected also with several second-messenger systems: e.g. inhibiting of adenylate cyclase, and stimulating of phospholipase C and D.
• the adenosine receptors are found in several organs and regulate their functions. Both Ai and A 2a receptors play important roles in the central nervous system and cardiovascular system. In the CNS, the adenosine inhibits the release of synaptic transmitters which effect is mediated by Ai receptors. In the heart, also the Ai receptors mediate the negative inotropic, chronotropic and dromotropic effects of adenosine.
• a 2a adenosine receptors on endothelial and smooth muscle cells are responsible for adenosine-induced vasodilation.
• the A 2b adenosine receptors are widely distributed-in different tissues. They have been-identified almost in every cell type, but its expression is the highest in the intestine and the bladder. This subtype probably also has important regulatory function in the regulation of the vascular tone and plays a role in the function of mast cells. Contrary to Ai and A 2a receptors, where the tissue distribution was detected on the protein level, the presence of A 2b and A 3 receptors was detected on the basis of their mRNA level.
• a 3 adenosine receptors are rather low comparing to other subtypes and highly species dependent.
• a 3 adenosine receptors are expressed primarily in the central nervous system, testis, immune system and appear to be involved in the modulation of mediator release from mast cells in immediate hypersensitivity reaction.
• the A 3 antagonists published so far in the literature belong to the groups of flavonoides, 1,4-dihydropyridine derivatives, triazoloquinazolines, thiazolonaphthyridines and thiazolopyrimidines.
• the present invention relates to a novel type of effective A 3 antagonists, which have the imidazoquinolin structure.
• Our present invention relates to the compounds of the general formula (I) as well as their salts, solvates and isomers which have great selectivity for the A 3 subtype of the adenosine receptor.
• R 2 stands for hydrogen atom or a straight or branched C alkyl group
• R 3 stands for hydrogen atom or a straight or branched C alkyl group, or C 3 . 6 cycloalkyl group, or a phenyl group, thienyl group, or furyl group, optionally substituted by one or more straight or branched C alkyl group, straight or branched C alkoxy group, or halogen atom, or for_a 5- or 6 membered _ _ heteroaromatic ring -containing one, two or three nitrogen atoms or a 5 membered heteroaromatic ring containing one nitrogen atom and one oxygen atom or one nitrogen atom and one sulphur atom, optionally substituted by one or more straight or branched C M alkyl group, straight or branched C alkoxy group, or halogen atom;
• R 4 , R 5 , R 6 and R 7 stand independently from each other for hydrogen atom, a straight or branched C alkyl group, straight or branched C M alkoxy group, hydroxy group or halogen atom; or R 4 and R 7 stand for hydrogen atom and R 5 and R 6 form together a mefhylenedioxy group
• R stands for hydrogen atom or a cyano group, aminocarbonyl group, C alkoxycarbonyl group, or carboxy group;
• R 9 and R 10 stand independently from each other for hydrogen atom or a straight or branched C M alkyl group, or a C 3 .
• R 12 and R 13 stand independently from each other for hydrogen atom or a straight or branched C alkyl group, or a C 3 . 6 cycloalkyl group, or a phenyl group, phenyl- (C ⁇ -4)alkyl group, thienyl-(C M )alkyl group or fu ⁇ yl-(C ⁇ -4 )alkyl group, optionally substituted by a methylenedioxy group, or one or more straight or branched CM alkyl group, straight or branched CM alkoxy group, hydroxy group, trifluoromethyl group, cyano group or halogen atom, or for a 5 or 6 membered heteroaromatic ring, containing one, two or three nitrogen atoms, or a 5 membered heteroaromatic ring, containing one nitrogen atom and one oxygen atom or one nitrogen atom and one sulphur atom, optionally substituted by one or more straight or branched G ⁇ alkyl group, straight or
• X stands for a -CH 2 - group, -NH- group, -NR 11 - group, or a sulphur atom or an oxygen atom or a sulpho group or a sulphoxy group -
• R 1 stands for a straight or branched Cj. 4 alkyl group or C 3 . 6 cycloalkyl group-
• n stands for zero, 1 or 2 - m stands for 1, 2, 3 or 4
• o stands for zero, 1, 2, 3 or 4 and their salts, solvates, and their optically active isomers and the salts, solvates thereof fulfil the above criteria.
• substituents are as follows:
• CM alkyl group we mean methyl-, ethyl-, propyl-, isopropyl-, butyl-, isobutyl-, secondary-butyl-, terciary-butyl-, preferably ethyl- or methyl group.
• a straight or branched C alkoxy group we mean methoxy-, ethoxy-, propoxy-, isopropoxy-, butoxy-, isobutoxy-, secondary-butoxy-, terciary-butoxy-, preferably ethoxy- or methoxy group.
• a C 3 . 6 cycloalkyl group we mean cyclopropyl-, cyclobutyl-, cyclopentyl- or cyclohexyl group.
• a 3-7 membered heterocyclic ring we mean dimethyleneimine (aziridine), trimethyleneimine, tetramethyleneimine (pyrrolidine), pentemethylenimine ( pyperidine) or hexamethyleneimine group.
• the heteroaromatic ring containing one or two or three nitrogen atoms means pyrrol, imidazole, pyrazole, 1,2,3-triazole, 1,2,4-triazole, pyridine, pyrimidine, pyridazine, pyrazine and 1,3,4-triazine ring.
• the ring is optionally substituted by a CM alkyl, or alkoxy group or by a halogen atom.
• the heteroaromatic ring containing one nitrogen atom and one oxygen or sulphur atom means oxazole, isoxazole, thiazole, isothiazole ring.
• the ring is optionally substituted by a CM alkyl, or alkoxy group or by a halogen atom.
• Salts of the compounds of the general formula (I) mean salts given with inorganic and organic acids and bases.
• Preferred salts are those given with pharmaceutically accepted acids as for instance hydrochloric acid, sulphuric acid, ethanesulphonic acid, tartaric acid, succinic acid, fumaric acid, malic acid, citric acid, and bases, as for instance sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, ethanolamine.
• Solvates mean solvates given with various solvents, as for instance with water or ethanol.
• the compounds of the general formula (I) show geometric and optical isomerism, therefore the invention also relates to mixtures of the geometric isomers, to racemic or optically active geometric isomers, as well as to their salts and solvates.
• a favourable group of the compounds of the general formula (I) is formed by the compounds of the general formula (IA), wherein
• R 1 stands for hydrogen atom or a straight or branched C alkyl group
• R stands for hydrogen atom or a straight or branched C alkyl group; R stands for hydrogen atom or a straight or branched C alkyl group, or a C 3 . 6 cycloalkyl group or a phenyl group, thienyl group, or furyl group, optionally substituted by one or more straight or branched C M alkyl group, straight or branched C M alkoxy group, or halogen atom, or for a 5- or 6 membered heteroaromatic ring, containing one, two or three nitrogen atoms, or a 5 membered.
• heteroaromatic ring containing one nitrogen atom and one oxygen atom or one nitrogen atom and one sulphur atom, optionally substituted by one or more straight or branched CM alkyl group, straight or branched C alkoxy group, or halogen atom;
• R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , and R 7 independently mean hydrogen atom or straight or branched CM alkyl group, or straight or branched C alkoxy group, or hydroxy group or halogen atom, or
• R 4 and R 7 stand for hydrogen atom and R 5 and R 6 form together a methylenedioxy group;
• R stands for hydrogen atom or a cyano group, aminocarbonyl group, C alkoxycarbonyl group, or carboxy group;
• R 9 and R 10 stand independently from each other for hydrogen atom or a straight or branched C M alkyl group, or a C 3 . 6 cycloalkyl group, or a phenyl group, phenyl-(C ⁇ - 4 ) alkyl group, thienyl-(C M ) alkyl group or furyl-(C M ) alkyl group, optionally substituted by a methylenedi xy group, or one or more, straight or branched_C ⁇ -4- alkyl group, straight or branched C alkoxy group, hydroxy group, trifluoromethyl group, cyano group or halogen atom, or for a -(CH 2 ) m -OH or -(CH 2 ) 0 -NR 12 R 13 group, or R 9 and R 10 form together with the nitrogen atom a 3-7 membered heterocyclic group, optionally substituted by a straight or branched CM alkyl group;
• R and R stand independently from each other for hydrogen atom or a straight or branched C M alkyl group, or a C 3 . 6 cycloalkyl group, or a phenyl group, phenyl- (C ⁇ - 4 )alkyl group, thienyl-(C ⁇ .
• R and R form together with the nitrogen atom a 3-7 membered heterocyclic group, optionally substituted by a straight or branched CM alkyl group
• X stands for a -CH 2 - group, -NH- group, -NR 11 - group, or a sulphur atom or an oxygen atom or a sulpho group or a sulphoxy group -wherein R 11 stands for a straight or branched C alkyl group or C 3 . 6 cycloalkyl group-; n stands for zero, 1 or 2 - m stands for 1, 2, 3 or 4, and o stands for zero, 1, 2, 3 or 4 and their salts, solvates, and optically active isomers and the salts, solvates thereof.
• R 1 stands for hydrogen atom, or methyl group
• R 2 stands for hydrogen atom, or methyl group
• R stands for phenyl- or thienyl- or furyl group
• R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , and R 7 mean independently hydrogen atom or straight or branched CM alkyl group, or straight or branched CM alkoxy group, or hydroxy group or halogen atom, or
• R 4 and R 7 stand for hydrogen atom and R 5 and R 6 form together a methylenedioxy group;
• R stands for hydrogen atom, or cyano group;
• R 9 and R 1 - stand- for- methyl group, ethyl -group or cyclopropyl group or R ⁇ and-R 1 - together- with the nitrogen atom form a 3-7 membered heterocyclic group, optionally substituted by a straight or branched C M alkyl group,
• X stands for -NH-group or for oxygen atom and n stands for 1 - and their salts, solvates, optically active isomers and the salts, solvates thereof.
• the present invention also relates to pharmaceutical compositions containing as active principles the compounds of the general formula (I) or their isomers, salts and solvates, which are preferably oral compositions, but inhalable, parenteral and transdermal formulations are also subjects of the invention.
• the . above pharmaceutical compositions may be solids or liquides, such as tablets, pellets, capsules, patches, solutions, suspensions or emulsions.
• the solid compositions, first of all tablets and capsules are the preferred pharmaceutical forms.
• compositions are prepared by applying usual pharmaceutical excipients and by using standard methods.
• the compounds of the general formula (I) can be used in treating pathologies, in the development of which A 3 receptor plays a role.
• the compounds of the present invention having selective activity on the A 3 receptor can be used in the therapeutic and/or preventive treatment of disfunctions of the heart, kidney, respiratory system, central nervous system. They inhibit the protective effect of adenosine in growing tumor cells, prevent mast cell degranulation, inhibit the cytokine production, reduce the inraocular pressure, inhibit the TNF ⁇ release, inhibit the migration of eosinophils, neutrophils and other immune cells, inhibit the bronchoconstriction and plasma extravasation.
• adenosine A 3 receptor antagonists of the present invention may be therapeutically useful as antiinflammatory, antiasthmatic, antiischemic, antidepressant, antiarrhytmic, renal protective, antitumor, antiparkinson and cognitive enhancing drugs. They also may be useful in the treatment or prevention of miocardial reperfusion injury, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) including chronic bronchitis, pulmonary emphysema or dyspnea, allergic reactions (e.g.
• COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
• ARDS adult respiratory distress syndrome
• rhinitis poison ivy induced responses, urticaria, scleroderma, arthritis
• other autoimmune diseases inflammatory bowel disease, Addison's disease, Crohn's disease, psoriasis, rheumatism, hypertension, neurogical function disorders, glaucoma and diabetes
• K. N. Klotz Naunyn-Schmiedberg' s Arch. Pharmacol. 362:382, 2000
• P. G. Baraldi es P. A. Borea TiPS 21:456, 2000.
• the compounds of the present invention maybe preferable used for the treatment of diseases such as asthma, COPD and ARDS, glaucoma, tumor, allergic and inflammatory diseases, ischemia, hypoxia, arrythmia and renal diseases.
• diseases such as asthma, COPD and ARDS, glaucoma, tumor, allergic and inflammatory diseases, ischemia, hypoxia, arrythmia and renal diseases.
• the present invention relates to the use of the compounds of the general formula (I) in the treatment of the above pathologies. Suggested daily dose is 0,1-1000 mg active ingredient depending on the nature and severeness of the disease and on sex, weight etc. of the patient.
• a compound of the formula (NUT) is acylated with an acid of the general Formula (fl), or a reactive derivative thereof according to the acylation reactions known in the organic chemistry.
• acylating agents acid halogenides or mixed anhydrides are used and the compound of the general formula (I) thus obtained is, if desired, transformed into its salts, solvates or, liberated from its salt, solvate and separated into its geometric or optical isomers.
• Substituents of the compounds of the general formula (I) maybe transformed into each other by known methods.
• the preparation of the mixed anhydride used in the acylation reaction is carried out with pivaloyl-chloride,- preferable in the presence of an organic base, preferably triethylamine in chloroform, although other methods know form the organic chemistry can also be used.
• the acylation can be carried out within a wide temperature range, preferably between 0°C -100°C.
• R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R 8 , X and n are as defined above - can be obtained by several known methods, among them the one demonstrated in Scheme 1., by selective hydrolysis of the compounds of the formula (TT£), by using selective hydro lysing processes known in the organic chemistry.
• hydrolysing agent preferably alkali hydroxides can be applied, but other agents helping the hydrolysis of esters can also be used.
• R , R , R , R , R , R , X and n are as defined above and R 14 stands for C ⁇ _ 4 alkyl group- can be prepared from the compounds of the formula (IN) - by using methods known per se (I. R.
• R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R 8 and X and n are as defined above - can be prepared from the compounds of the formula (N), by using methods known per se (Nan Zhang, Bioorg. and
• the compounds of the general formula (V) - wherein the meanings of R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , R 7 and R 8 are as defined above - can be prepared from the compounds of the formula (VI), by using methods known per se (D.L. Leysen, J. Heterocyclic Chem., 24, 1611, (1987)).
• R 7 and R 8 are as defined above - can be prepared by using methods known per se (Pfizer
• Fig. 2 shows compounds of formula (II),
• Fig. 3 shows compounds of formula (III),
• Fig. 4 shows compounds of formula (IN),
• Fig. 5 shows compounds of formula (V),
• Fig. 7 shows compounds of formula (VII),
• Fig. 8 shows compounds of formula (VIII).
• R 1 and R 2 stand for hydrogen atoms
• R 3 for phenyl group
• R 4 , R 5 , R 6 and R 7 stand for hydrogen atom
• R 9 and R 10 form together a 1,3-butandiyl group
• R 8 stands for cyano group
• the.meaning of X is -NH groups
• n is 1.
• the mixture is stirred for 7 hours at 25°, diluted with 100 ml chloroform, extracted with 50 ml water, 50 ml of 5% sodium-hydrogen carbonate solution, and 50 ml water, dried on sodium-sulfate and evaporated in vacuo.
• the pale-yellow crystalline material is recrystallized from N.N-dimethylformamide to obtain 0,7 g of the title compound. Mp.: 206°C.
• R and R is hydrogen atom
• R is phenyl group
• R 4 , R 5 , R 6 and R 7 stand for hydrogen
• R 8 means cyano group
• R 9 and R 10 mean independently from each other methyl group
• X means -NH-group
• n is 1.
• reaction mixture is stirred for 1 hour at 9°C, than the mixture of 0,45 g dimethylammonium chloride, 10 ml chloroform and 1,6 ml triethylamine is added to it.
• R 1 and R 2 are hydrogen atom
• R 3 is phenyl group
• R 4 , R 5 , R 6 , and R 7 stand for hydrogen
• R 8 means cyano group
• R 9 means hydrogen
• R 10 means ethyl group
• X means -NH-group
• n is 1.
• R and R is hydrogen atom
• R is 2-furyl group
• R 4 , R 5 , R 6 and R 7 mean hydrogen
• R 9 and R 10 mean together a 1,4-butandiyl group
• R 8 means cyano group
• X means -NH-group
• n is i.
• R and R is hydrogen atom
• R is 2-th ⁇ enyl group
• R 4 , R 5 , R 6 and R 7 mean hydrogen
• R 9 and R 10 mean together a 1,4-butandiyl group
• R 8 means cyano group
• X means -NH-group
• n is 1.
• Tablets of the following composition are made by known methods used in the pharmaceutical industry
• Human adenosine A 3 receptor binding Preparing membrane suspension: collect CHO cells expressing hA3 receptors by washing three times with ice cold PBS,..centrifugate at .1000 x.g LO min,-homogenize.for 15 sec in buffer (50 mM Tris, 10 mM MgCl 2 , 1 mM EDTA, pH 8.0), centrifugate at 43.000 x g for 10 min (Sigma 3K30), suspense the membrane preparation in the buffer mentioned above, store the aliquots at -80 C.
• buffer 50 mM Tris, 10 mM MgCl 2 , 1 mM EDTA, pH 8.0
• centrifugate at 43.000 x g for 10 min (Sigma 3K30)
• Binding protocol incubate CHO-hA 3 membrane preparation (2 ⁇ g protein content) in incubation buffer (50 mM Tris, 10 mM MgCl 2 , 1 mM EDTA, 3 U/mL adenosine
• Human adenosine A 1 receptor binding Preparing membrane suspension: collect CHO cells expressing hAj receptors by washing three times with ice cold PBS, centrifugate at 1000 x g 10 min, homogenize for 15 sec in buffer (50 mM Tris, pH 7.4), centrifugate at 43.000 x g for 10 min (Sigma 3K30), suspense the membrane preparation in the buffer mentioned above, store the aliquots at -80 C.
• Binding protocol incubate CHO-hAi membrane preparation (50 ⁇ g protein content) in incubation buffer (50 mM Tris, 3 U/mL adenosine deaminase, pH 7.4), 10 nM [ 3 H]CCPA (2-chloro-N 6 -cyclopenthyl-adenosine) (80.000 dpm) and 10 ⁇ M R-PIA (N 6 -[L-2- phenylisopropyl] adenosine) to define the non-specific binding or test compound in a total volume of 100 ⁇ L for 3 hr at room temperature.
• Inhibition [%] 100-((activity in the presence of test compound - non-specific activity)/(total activity - non-specific activity))* 100
• Binding protocol incubate 7 ⁇ g of membranes (human A 2a adenosine receptors transfected into HEK-293 cells, source: Receptor Biology, Inc.), buffer (50 mM Tris-HCl,
• Binding protocol incubate 20.8 ⁇ g of membranes (human A 2 adenosine receptors transfected into HEK-293 cells, source: Receptor Biology, Inc.), buffer (50 mM Tris-HCl, 10 mM MgCl 2 , 1 mM EDTA, 0.1 mM benzamidine, 2 U/mL adenosine deaminase, pH 6.5), 32.4 nM [ 3 H]DPCPX (8-cyclopenthyl-l,3-dipropylxanthine) (800.000 dpm) and 100 ⁇ M NECA (5 ⁇ -N-ethylcarboxamido-adenosine) to define non-specific binding or test compound in a total volume of 100 ⁇ L for 30 min at room temperature.
• membranes human A 2 adenosine receptors transfected into HEK-293 cells, source: Receptor Biology, Inc.
• buffer 50 mM Tris
• the IC 50 is converted to an affinity constant (Kj) by application of the Cheng-Prusoff equation (Y. J. Cheng and W. H. Prusoff,
• the compounds possess proper bioviabilities and exert at least 1, 000-fold selectivity in respect of human adenosine Ai, A 2a and A 2b receptor subtypes.

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