WO2003019984A1 - Creuset froid a chauffage par induction et refroidissement par caloducs. - Google Patents
Creuset froid a chauffage par induction et refroidissement par caloducs. Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2003019984A1 WO2003019984A1 PCT/FR2002/002914 FR0202914W WO03019984A1 WO 2003019984 A1 WO2003019984 A1 WO 2003019984A1 FR 0202914 W FR0202914 W FR 0202914W WO 03019984 A1 WO03019984 A1 WO 03019984A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- crucible
- sectors
- cold crucible
- heat pipes
- cold
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
- H05B6/02—Induction heating
- H05B6/22—Furnaces without an endless core
- H05B6/24—Crucible furnaces
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
- H05B6/02—Induction heating
- H05B6/36—Coil arrangements
- H05B6/42—Cooling of coils
Definitions
- the invention relates to the field of melting certain materials with a high melting temperature, such as glass, refractory oxides, metal oxides and certain metals, by means of heating by electromagnetic induction. It concerns, in particular, cold crucibles with cooled sectors and direct coil crucibles.
- Figure 1 shows a first type of sectored crucible, used for these same purposes. It mainly consists of sectors 1, a bottom 2, an inductor 3 with several turns and a cooling circuit 4. Sectors 1 are placed vertically, one against the other, to constitute the enclosure of the crucible. The bottom 2 completes this enclosure. It is specified that this bottom 2 can be retractable or include one or more orifices for the evacuation of the materials poured into the crucible. The sectors 1 are held against each other, thanks to a fixing by means of a wrapping 5.
- the cooling circuit 4 is constituted by an inlet 4E and a departure 4S of coolant, which is, in most of the water case.
- the crucible thus formed is usually cylindrical in shape, without it being imperative.
- the high intensity alternating current is of the order of a few thousand amperes, at a frequency between a few tens of hertz and several megahertz.
- the voltage can reach several thousand volts.
- the bottom of the crucible 2 may or may not be cooled.
- Figure 2 shows in section a sector 1, as well as the circulation of water in a pipeline
- FIG. 3 shows another kind of inductor 6, called a direct coil, consisting of a single, cylindrical coil constituting the enclosure containing the product to be heated directly.
- the cooling circuit 7 here consists of a spiral surrounding the inductor 6.
- the main object of the invention is a cold crucible heated by electromagnetic induction, intended for the fusion of glass, refractory oxides and metals. It mainly includes:
- the sectors each consist of a heat pipe with electrically insulated walls constituting the crucible as well as their own cooling means.
- the “heat pipe” technology known to a person skilled in the art, is exposed in particular in the “Engineering Techniques”, Article B9545, vol. BE6.
- each heat pipe preferably has an upper part extending beyond the enclosure of the crucible formed by the lower parts of each sector, and offset towards the outside. This allows the evacuation of heat by a forced circulation of fluid against the upper part of the heat pipes, while allowing access from the upper part of the crucible.
- the heat pipes of each sector can be extended under the enclosure to constitute the bottom.
- the bottom may also consist of other heat pipes different from those constituting the enclosure of the crucible.
- the inductor is a single, direct turn consisting of a ferrule cooled by heat pipes.
- the cold finger may consist of one (or more) heat pipes.
- the shell of the direct turn can be formed by the continuous assembly of non-electrically isolated heat pipes.
- the thick ferrule constituting the direct turn, can be machined for the in situ production of heat pipes.
- FIG. 4 A first possible embodiment of the crucible according to the invention is shown in Figure 4.
- the materials are always melted therein in a part similar to that of the crucible described in FIG. 1 and formed here of sectors 11 of which part 11B is similar to the plurality of sectors 1 of the crucible of FIG. 1.
- Each sector 11 consists of a heat pipe, preferably of cylindrical section, without this shape being imperative. It could be parallelepipedic.
- the heat pipe wall must be made of copper or stainless steel, or any other product or metal likely to be suitable for the intended application.
- the heat transfer fluid contained in the heat pipe constituting a sector 11 can be water or any other suitable fluid, such as sodium, germanium, silver.
- the upper part IIH of each sector 11, through which the heat collected in the crucible is evacuated, is surrounded by a device for forced circulation of a fluid, symbolized by an inlet 14E and an outlet 14S, which rubs shoulders with the upper IIH parts of sectors 11.
- the forced circulation device is present around the upper parts IIH to ensure the fixing thereof by means of a perforated ferrule 16, electrically insulating and made of composite material.
- the wall of each sector is made electrically insulating in its lower part 11B where the adjacent sectors 11 are in contact with each other by a suitable coating.
- a coating of alumina projected by plasma or by PVD process Concerning the fixing of the sectors 11 in the lower part 11B, in this embodiment, the same wrapping is used as that used in the crucible, previously described in FIG. 1. With reference to FIG. 5, this wrapping can be replaced by a self-locking collar 15, made of composite material, electrically insulating.
- FIG. 6 The closure of such a self-locking collar 15 is illustrated in FIG. 6 where the two ends 15A and 15B snap into each other, by means of hooks 15C.
- the crucible as shown in FIG. 4, has a bottom 12 which is, in this case, cooled by the extension 11F of the sectors 11, below their lower parts 11B.
- bottom 2 could not be cooled and be open in the middle to allow the passage of pieces of great length or to evacuate the resolidified product.
- FIG. 7 shows, in bottom view, the same crucible of Figure 4, the bottom 12 being removed.
- the low ends 11B of the sectors 11 which extend from the periphery towards the center of the crucible.
- these different low ends 11B of the sectors 11 have different lengths, so as to entangle each other like a parquet with broken sticks and to carry out the complete recovery the bottom.
- FIG. 8 shows another configuration of the lower ends 21B of the sectors 21 to constitute the cooling of the bottom of the crucible. In it, we see that each lower end 21B is oriented towards the center of the crucible, these different low ends 21B having different lengths to be able not to entangle, but to cover, roughly speaking, the bottom of the crucible.
- the bottom 22 can also be cooled by heat pipes 24, independent of the sectors 21 by entering the bottom 22.
- This arrangement is provided, among other things, when an additional inductor 29 is placed under the bottom 22 to provide additional heating of the crucible.
- the independent heat pipes 24 have an upper part 24H similar to the upper part 14H of the sectors represented on the crucible of FIG. 4, that is to say deviating from the center of the crucible, beyond the inductor 23.
- FIGS. 10A and 10B show the independent heat pipes that can be used under the bottom of the crucible.
- the independent heat pipes 21A of FIG. 10A extend on either side of a plane of symmetry of the crucible which has been shown to be cylindrical.
- the heat pipes 21B each extend over the entire surface of the bottom and only extend on one side of the crucible.
- FIG. 11 shows that the lower part of the crucible can be constituted by independent heat pipes 32, positioned in a slightly inclined manner so as to cover the bottom of the crucible. They thus complete the sectors 31 placed between the inductor 33 and the crucible itself, the heat being removed thanks to the cooling circuit, the inlet of which has been referenced 34E and the outlet 34S.
- FIG. 12 shows that the independent heat pipes 32 of FIG. 10 can be replaced by independent inclined heat pipes 42, the cooling circuit being adapted to this geometry, the inputs 44E and outputs 44S no longer being horizontal.
- Figure 13 shows another variant of the crucible according to the invention. Indeed, it shows the superposition of several crucibles to form only one of a significant height, therefore of increased capacity. Given the spaced shape of the upper parts 51H, of the sectors 51, the interlocking of the various crucibles one above the other is possible. Note that the lower crucible is equipped with independent heat pipes 52, similar to the independent heat pipes 32 in FIG. 11. The different successive inductors 53 are equivalent to a much longer inductor which would consist of a single part.
- the fixing of these various crucibles to one another can be carried out by means of brazed pins 57 on each lower end of a central sector part 51 and engaging in a fixed fixing part 56 at the lower end of the lower part 51B of the sector 51 of the crucible which is just above it.
- the design of this crucible also applies to a crucible using an inductor consisting of a single turn, like that of FIG. 3.
- FIG. 15 shows the production of a direct turn crucible, the shell 58 of which is cooled using the heat pipes 59 which are attached to it, one or more heat pipes 60 constituting the cold finger.
- An alternative embodiment consists in using a thick ferrule in the production of the direct turn, an adequate machining allowing the production in situ of the heat pipes or simply their insertion.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- General Induction Heating (AREA)
- Crucibles And Fluidized-Bed Furnaces (AREA)
- Furnace Details (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2003524302A JP4610893B2 (ja) | 2001-08-23 | 2002-08-21 | コールドクルーシブル |
DE60202534T DE60202534T2 (de) | 2001-08-23 | 2002-08-21 | Kaltschmelztiegel mit induktionserwärmung und wärmerohr-kühlung |
EP02796300A EP1419675B1 (fr) | 2001-08-23 | 2002-08-21 | Creuset froid a chauffage par induction et refroidissement par caloducs |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0111044A FR2828981B1 (fr) | 2001-08-23 | 2001-08-23 | Creuset a chauffage par induction et refroidissement par caloducs |
FR01/11044 | 2001-08-23 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2003019984A1 true WO2003019984A1 (fr) | 2003-03-06 |
Family
ID=8866683
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/FR2002/002914 WO2003019984A1 (fr) | 2001-08-23 | 2002-08-21 | Creuset froid a chauffage par induction et refroidissement par caloducs. |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1419675B1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP4610893B2 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE60202534T2 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2828981B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2003019984A1 (fr) |
Cited By (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8203978B2 (en) | 2002-10-25 | 2012-06-19 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Multi-mode terminal in a wireless MIMO system |
US8208364B2 (en) | 2002-10-25 | 2012-06-26 | Qualcomm Incorporated | MIMO system with multiple spatial multiplexing modes |
US8358714B2 (en) | 2005-06-16 | 2013-01-22 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Coding and modulation for multiple data streams in a communication system |
US8570988B2 (en) | 2002-10-25 | 2013-10-29 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Channel calibration for a time division duplexed communication system |
US8711763B2 (en) | 2002-10-25 | 2014-04-29 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Random access for wireless multiple-access communication systems |
US8750151B2 (en) | 2002-10-25 | 2014-06-10 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Channel calibration for a time division duplexed communication system |
US8855226B2 (en) | 2005-05-12 | 2014-10-07 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Rate selection with margin sharing |
US8873365B2 (en) | 2002-10-25 | 2014-10-28 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Transmit diversity processing for a multi-antenna communication system |
US8913529B2 (en) | 2002-10-25 | 2014-12-16 | Qualcomm Incorporated | MIMO WLAN system |
US9154274B2 (en) | 2002-10-25 | 2015-10-06 | Qualcomm Incorporated | OFDM communication system with multiple OFDM symbol sizes |
US9312935B2 (en) | 2002-10-25 | 2016-04-12 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Pilots for MIMO communication systems |
US9473269B2 (en) | 2003-12-01 | 2016-10-18 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Method and apparatus for providing an efficient control channel structure in a wireless communication system |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR3001856B1 (fr) * | 2013-02-01 | 2017-10-20 | Jacques Boudier | Creuset froid polyphase |
FR3005154B1 (fr) | 2013-04-26 | 2015-05-15 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Four a chauffage par induction electromagnetique, utilisation du four pour la fusion d'un melange de metal(ux) et d'oxyde(s) representatif d'un corium |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DD218983A1 (de) * | 1983-05-17 | 1985-02-20 | Inducal Goellingen Veb | Kuehlbare induktionsspule nach dem prinzip des waermerohres |
US4660212A (en) * | 1984-06-29 | 1987-04-21 | Commissariat A L'energie Atomique | Cold cage for a melting crucible by high frequency electromagnetic induction |
DE19705458A1 (de) * | 1997-02-13 | 1998-08-20 | Leybold Systems Gmbh | Tiegel zum induktiven Schmelzen oder Überhitzen von Metallen, Legierungen oder anderen elektrisch leitfähigen Werkstoffen |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DD202791A1 (de) * | 1981-07-13 | 1983-09-28 | Horst Seeber | Kuehlbare induktionsspule nach dem prinzip des waermerohres |
DD215681A1 (de) * | 1983-05-17 | 1984-11-14 | Inducal Goellingen Veb | Verlustwaermerueckgewinnung aus induktionsspulen nach dem prinzip des waermerohres |
JPH1174070A (ja) * | 1997-08-28 | 1999-03-16 | Fuji Electric Co Ltd | 浮揚溶解用るつぼ |
-
2001
- 2001-08-23 FR FR0111044A patent/FR2828981B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2002
- 2002-08-21 EP EP02796300A patent/EP1419675B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-08-21 DE DE60202534T patent/DE60202534T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-08-21 JP JP2003524302A patent/JP4610893B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-08-21 WO PCT/FR2002/002914 patent/WO2003019984A1/fr active IP Right Grant
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DD218983A1 (de) * | 1983-05-17 | 1985-02-20 | Inducal Goellingen Veb | Kuehlbare induktionsspule nach dem prinzip des waermerohres |
US4660212A (en) * | 1984-06-29 | 1987-04-21 | Commissariat A L'energie Atomique | Cold cage for a melting crucible by high frequency electromagnetic induction |
DE19705458A1 (de) * | 1997-02-13 | 1998-08-20 | Leybold Systems Gmbh | Tiegel zum induktiven Schmelzen oder Überhitzen von Metallen, Legierungen oder anderen elektrisch leitfähigen Werkstoffen |
Cited By (23)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8913529B2 (en) | 2002-10-25 | 2014-12-16 | Qualcomm Incorporated | MIMO WLAN system |
US9240871B2 (en) | 2002-10-25 | 2016-01-19 | Qualcomm Incorporated | MIMO WLAN system |
US8203978B2 (en) | 2002-10-25 | 2012-06-19 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Multi-mode terminal in a wireless MIMO system |
US8934329B2 (en) | 2002-10-25 | 2015-01-13 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Transmit diversity processing for a multi-antenna communication system |
US8483188B2 (en) | 2002-10-25 | 2013-07-09 | Qualcomm Incorporated | MIMO system with multiple spatial multiplexing modes |
US8570988B2 (en) | 2002-10-25 | 2013-10-29 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Channel calibration for a time division duplexed communication system |
US8711763B2 (en) | 2002-10-25 | 2014-04-29 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Random access for wireless multiple-access communication systems |
US8750151B2 (en) | 2002-10-25 | 2014-06-10 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Channel calibration for a time division duplexed communication system |
US10382106B2 (en) | 2002-10-25 | 2019-08-13 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Pilots for MIMO communication systems |
US9013974B2 (en) | 2002-10-25 | 2015-04-21 | Qualcomm Incorporated | MIMO WLAN system |
US8355313B2 (en) | 2002-10-25 | 2013-01-15 | Qualcomm Incorporated | MIMO system with multiple spatial multiplexing modes |
US9967005B2 (en) | 2002-10-25 | 2018-05-08 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Pilots for MIMO communication systems |
US8873365B2 (en) | 2002-10-25 | 2014-10-28 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Transmit diversity processing for a multi-antenna communication system |
US9031097B2 (en) | 2002-10-25 | 2015-05-12 | Qualcomm Incorporated | MIMO system with multiple spatial multiplexing modes |
US9048892B2 (en) | 2002-10-25 | 2015-06-02 | Qualcomm Incorporated | MIMO system with multiple spatial multiplexing modes |
US9154274B2 (en) | 2002-10-25 | 2015-10-06 | Qualcomm Incorporated | OFDM communication system with multiple OFDM symbol sizes |
US8208364B2 (en) | 2002-10-25 | 2012-06-26 | Qualcomm Incorporated | MIMO system with multiple spatial multiplexing modes |
US9312935B2 (en) | 2002-10-25 | 2016-04-12 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Pilots for MIMO communication systems |
US9473269B2 (en) | 2003-12-01 | 2016-10-18 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Method and apparatus for providing an efficient control channel structure in a wireless communication system |
US9876609B2 (en) | 2003-12-01 | 2018-01-23 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Method and apparatus for providing an efficient control channel structure in a wireless communication system |
US10742358B2 (en) | 2003-12-01 | 2020-08-11 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Method and apparatus for providing an efficient control channel structure in a wireless communication system |
US8855226B2 (en) | 2005-05-12 | 2014-10-07 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Rate selection with margin sharing |
US8358714B2 (en) | 2005-06-16 | 2013-01-22 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Coding and modulation for multiple data streams in a communication system |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP4610893B2 (ja) | 2011-01-12 |
JP2005502018A (ja) | 2005-01-20 |
DE60202534T2 (de) | 2005-12-29 |
EP1419675A1 (fr) | 2004-05-19 |
FR2828981B1 (fr) | 2004-05-21 |
DE60202534D1 (de) | 2005-02-10 |
FR2828981A1 (fr) | 2003-02-28 |
EP1419675B1 (fr) | 2005-01-05 |
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