EP1419675B1 - Creuset froid a chauffage par induction et refroidissement par caloducs - Google Patents
Creuset froid a chauffage par induction et refroidissement par caloducs Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1419675B1 EP1419675B1 EP02796300A EP02796300A EP1419675B1 EP 1419675 B1 EP1419675 B1 EP 1419675B1 EP 02796300 A EP02796300 A EP 02796300A EP 02796300 A EP02796300 A EP 02796300A EP 1419675 B1 EP1419675 B1 EP 1419675B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- crucible
- cold crucible
- heat pipes
- cold
- segments
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
- H05B6/02—Induction heating
- H05B6/22—Furnaces without an endless core
- H05B6/24—Crucible furnaces
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
- H05B6/02—Induction heating
- H05B6/36—Coil arrangements
- H05B6/42—Cooling of coils
Definitions
- the invention lies in the field of fusion certain materials with high melting temperature, such as glass, refractory oxides, oxides metal and some metals, by means of a electromagnetic induction heating. She in particular, the cold crucibles to cooled sectors and direct spinning crucibles.
- FIGS. 1, 2 and 3 Two examples of crucibles used are represented by FIGS. 1, 2 and 3.
- Figure 1 represents a first type of sectorized crucible, used for these purposes. It is consisting mainly of sectors 1, a bottom 2, of an inductor 3 with several turns and a circuit of cooling 4. Sectors 1 are placed vertically, against each other, for to constitute the enclosure of the crucible.
- the complete background 2 this enclosure. It is specified that this background 2 can be retractable or have one or more holes for the evacuation of the materials poured into the crucible.
- the sectors 1 are kept against each other, thanks to a fixation by means of a wrapping 5.
- the cooling circuit 4 is constituted by a arrival 4E and a departure 4S of liquid from cooling, which is, in most cases, the water.
- the crucible thus formed is of a shape usually cylindrical, without it being imperative.
- High intensity alternating current is of the order of a few thousand amps, at a frequency between a few tens of hertz and several megahertz.
- the tension can reach several thousand volts.
- the bottom of crucible 2 can to be cooled or not.
- FIG. 2 shows in section a sector 1, as well as the circulation of water in a pipe 6 and 4E arrival and 4S exit. We aknowledge water circulates along the entire height of sector 1.
- Figure 3 shows another kind of inductor 6, said to direct turn, consisting of a single and cylindrical spire constituting the enclosure directly containing the product to be heated.
- the circuit 7 is here constituted by a spiral surrounding the inductor 6. To close the crucible and to avoid the drawbacks of electrical voltages between the two terminals 6A and 6B of the inductor 6, a cold finger 8 is placed between them.
- the sectors are each made up of one heat pipe with electrically insulated walls constituting the crucible as well as their own ways of cooling.
- each heat pipe preferably has an upper part exceeding the enclosure of the crucible constituted by the low parts from each sector, and deported to the outside. This allows the evacuation of heat by a circulation forced fluid against the upper part of the heat pipes, while allowing access from the top of the crucible.
- the heat pipes of each sector can be extend under the enclosure to form the bottom.
- the bottom can also be consisting of other heat pipes different from those constituting the enclosure of the crucible.
- the inductor is a single turn and direct formed of a ferrule cooled by heatpipes.
- cold fingers may consist of one (or more) heat pipe (s).
- the ferrule of the direct coil can be constituted by the continuous assembly of heat pipes not electrically isolated.
- the thick ferrule constituting the direct spire, can be machined for the realization in located heat pipes.
- FIG. materials are always melted into a part similar to that of the crucible described in FIG. formed here of sectors 11 of which part 11B is similar to the plurality of sectors 1 of the crucible of Figure 1.
- Each sector 11 consists of a heat pipe, preferably of cylindrical section, without this form is imperative. She might be cuboid.
- the wall of the heat pipe must be copper or stainless steel, or any other product or metal likely to be suitable for the application considered.
- the coolant contained in the heat pipe constituting a sector 11 may be water or any other suitable fluid, such as sodium, germanium, the money.
- the upper part 11H of each sector 11, where the evacuation of the heat captured in the crucible, is surrounded by a device for forced circulation of a fluid, symbolized via a 14E entrance and a 14S exit, which runs alongside 11H high parts of sectors 11.
- each sector is electrically rendered insulating in its lower part 11B where the sectors 11 adjacent ones are in contact with each other by a suitable coating.
- a suitable coating For example, one thinks of a Plasma or process-sprayed alumina coating PVD.
- the crucible as shown in Figure 4, has a bottom 12 which is, in this case, cooled by extension 11F of sectors 11, below their lower parts 11B.
- bottom 2 might not be cooled and be open in the middle to allow the passage of long pieces or to evacuate the resolidified product.
- Figure 7 shows, in bottom view, the same crucible of Figure 4, the bottom 12 being removed.
- the low ends 11B of sectors 11 that extend from the periphery towards the center of the crucible.
- these different low ends 11B of sectors 11 have lengths different, so as to entangle the others like a wooden floor with sticks and to carry out the complete recovery of the bottom.
- the high parts 11H sectors 11 with inputs 14E and outputs 14S from coolant circulation.
- Figure 8 shows another configuration of the lower ends 21B of the sectors 21 for constitute the cooling of the bottom of the crucible.
- each low end 21B is moving towards the center of the crucible, these different lower ends 21B having different lengths to be able, not to entangle, but to cover, roughly speaking, the bottom of the crucible.
- the bottom 22 can also be cooled by heat pipes 24, independent of sectors 21 by penetrating the bottom 22.
- This arrangement is intended, inter alia, where additional inductor 29 is placed under the bottom 22 to provide additional heating of the crucible.
- the independent heat pipes 24 have a high part 24H similar to the upper part 14H of the sectors represented on the crucible of Figure 4, that is to say, deviating from the center of the crucible, beyond the inductor 23.
- FIG. 10A and 10B show the heat pipes which can be used under the substance of the crucible.
- the independent heat pipes 21A of FIG. 10A extend on either side of a plane of symmetry of the crucible which has been shown cylindrical.
- the heat pipes 21B each extend over the entire bottom surface and extend only one side of the crucible.
- Figure 11 shows that the lower part crucible can be constituted by heat pipes 32 independent, positioned slightly inclined so as to cover the bottom of the crucible. They complete the sectors 31 placed between the inductor 33 and the crucible itself, the heat being evacuated through the cooling circuit the entrance has been referenced 34E and the exit 34S. This realization is particularly suitable for crucibles cold, sectorized parallelepipedic shape.
- Figure 12 shows that heat pipes 32 of Figure 10 can be replaced by inclined independent heat pipes 42, the circuit cooling being adapted to this geometry, the 44E inputs and 44S outputs no longer found horizontal.
- Figure 13 shows another variant of the crucible according to the invention. Indeed, she shows the superposition of several crucibles to form only one of a significant height, so a increased capacity. In view of the separated form of high parts 51H, sectors 51, the nesting of different crucibles one above the other is possible. It is noted that the lower crucible is equipped independent heat pipes 52, similar to heat pipes 32 of Figure 11. The different successive inductors 53 are equivalent to one much longer inductor that would be constituted in only one part.
- the fixation of these different crucibles on each other can be performed by means of brazed pimples 57 on each lower end of a central part of the sector 51 and engaging in a fastener 56 attached to the lower end of the lower part 51B of sector 51 of the crucible which is just higher.
- this crucible applies also to a crucible using an inductor constituted of a single turn, like that of Figure 3.
- Figure 15 shows the realization of a direct spin crucible whose ferrule 58 is cooled using the heat pipes 59 attached to it, one or several heat pipe (s) 60 constituting the cold finger.
- a variant embodiment consists in using a ferrule thick in the realization of the direct turn, a adequate machining for the in situ production of heat pipes or simply their insertion.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- General Induction Heating (AREA)
- Crucibles And Fluidized-Bed Furnaces (AREA)
- Furnace Details (AREA)
Description
- l'utilisation d'un circuit de refroidissement dans lequel circule en grande quantité un fluide présente des risques d'explosion de vapeur en cas de fuite d'un secteur, chacun de ceux-ci étant alimenté de façon continue et à fort débit ;
- le circuit de refroidissement 4, 7, est relativement complexe.
- un fond ;
- au moins un inducteur entourant l'enceinte ;
- des secteurs juxtaposés ; et
- des moyens de refroidissement.
- figure 1, déjà décrite, un creuset froid selon l'art antérieur ;
- figure 2, déjà décrite, en coupe, un secteur du creuset froid décrit à la figure 1 ;
- figure 3, déjà décrite, une deuxième réalisation de l'inducteur d'un creuset selon l'art antérieur ;
- figure 4, un premier creuset selon l'invention ;
- figure 5, un collier autobloquant pouvant être utilisé sur le creuset selon l'invention ;
- figure 6, un détail du collier autobloquant de la figure 5 ;
- figure 7, une vue du dessous du creuset décrit à la figure 4 ;
- figure 8, en vue de dessous, une autre réalisation du fond du creuset ;
- figure 9, en vue frontale, une deuxième réalisation d'un creuset selon l'invention ;
- figure 10A et 10B, d'autres réalisations possibles du fond du creuset de la figure 9 ;
- figure 11, une troisième réalisation du creuset selon l'invention ;
- figure 12, un détail d'une variante de la troisième réalisation décrite à la figure 11 ;
- figure 13, une autre réalisation possible du creuset selon l'invention ;
- figure 14, un exemple de fixation des creusets les uns sur les autres ; et
- figure 15, une réalisation du creuset à spire directe refroidie par caloducs et à doigt froid constitué d'un ou plusieurs caloducs.
Claims (13)
- Creuset froid à chauffage par induction électromagnétique, destiné à la fusion du verre, d'oxydes réfractaires et de métaux, comprenant principalement :un fond (2, 22) ;au moins un inducteur (3, 33, 53) ; etdes secteurs (11, 21, 31, 51) juxtaposés et constituant une enceinte du creuset ;des moyens de refroidissement,
- Creuset froid selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les caloducs ont une partie haute (11H, 31H, 51H) dépassant de l'enceinte du creuset qui est constituée par les parties basses (11B, 31B 51B) de chaque secteur et étant déportée pour permettre l'évacuation de la chaleur par une circulation forcée de fluide contre la partie haute (11H, 31H, 51H) des secteurs.
- Creuset froid selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les secteurs (11F) se prolongent sous l'enceinte du creuset pour constituer le fond ou réfrigérer le fond (12).
- Creuset froid selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le fond du creuset constitué de caloducs indépendants (24), indépendants de ceux (11, 31, 51) constituant l'enceinte du creuset.
- Creuset froid selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend une virole (16) de fixation des parties hautes (11H) des secteurs (11, 21), électriquement isolante et entourant l'ensemble de ces parties hautes (11H).
- Creuset froid selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les secteurs (11, 21, 51) sont solidarisés par un banderolage (5) dans la partie basse (11B) des secteurs.
- Creuset froid selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les secteurs sont solidarisés par des colliers autobloquants (15).
- Creuset froid selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend un inducteur complémentaire (29) pour chauffer le creuset en étant placé en dessous du fond (22).
- Creuset froid selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend plusieurs étages de secteurs (51) superposés, constituant ainsi une enceinte de creuset longue et haute et dont l'inducteur est constitué par les inducteurs (53) de chacun des étages ainsi superposés.
- Creuset froid selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'inducteur est une spire unique et directe constituée d'une virole (58) refroidie par des caloducs (59).
- Creuset froid selon la revendication 1 ou 10, caractérisé en ce que le doigt froid (ou les doigts) est constitué d'un (ou plusieurs) caloduc(s) (60).
- Creuset froid selon la revendication 1 ou 10, caractérisé en ce que la virole (58) de la spire directe est constituée par l'assemblage continu de caloducs non électriquement isolés.
- Creuset froid selon la revendication 1 ou 10, caractérisé en ce que la virole épaisse, constitutive de la spire directe, est usinée pour la réalisation in situ des caloducs.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0111044 | 2001-08-23 | ||
FR0111044A FR2828981B1 (fr) | 2001-08-23 | 2001-08-23 | Creuset a chauffage par induction et refroidissement par caloducs |
PCT/FR2002/002914 WO2003019984A1 (fr) | 2001-08-23 | 2002-08-21 | Creuset froid a chauffage par induction et refroidissement par caloducs. |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1419675A1 EP1419675A1 (fr) | 2004-05-19 |
EP1419675B1 true EP1419675B1 (fr) | 2005-01-05 |
Family
ID=8866683
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP02796300A Expired - Lifetime EP1419675B1 (fr) | 2001-08-23 | 2002-08-21 | Creuset froid a chauffage par induction et refroidissement par caloducs |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1419675B1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP4610893B2 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE60202534T2 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2828981B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2003019984A1 (fr) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2014174489A1 (fr) | 2013-04-26 | 2014-10-30 | Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Et Aux Energies Alternatives | Four a chauffage par induction electromagnetique, utilisation du four pour la fusion d'un melange de metal(ux) et d'oxyde(s) representatif d'un corium |
Families Citing this family (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7324429B2 (en) | 2002-10-25 | 2008-01-29 | Qualcomm, Incorporated | Multi-mode terminal in a wireless MIMO system |
US7986742B2 (en) | 2002-10-25 | 2011-07-26 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Pilots for MIMO communication system |
US8134976B2 (en) | 2002-10-25 | 2012-03-13 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Channel calibration for a time division duplexed communication system |
US7002900B2 (en) | 2002-10-25 | 2006-02-21 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Transmit diversity processing for a multi-antenna communication system |
US8320301B2 (en) | 2002-10-25 | 2012-11-27 | Qualcomm Incorporated | MIMO WLAN system |
US8208364B2 (en) | 2002-10-25 | 2012-06-26 | Qualcomm Incorporated | MIMO system with multiple spatial multiplexing modes |
US8570988B2 (en) | 2002-10-25 | 2013-10-29 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Channel calibration for a time division duplexed communication system |
US20040081131A1 (en) | 2002-10-25 | 2004-04-29 | Walton Jay Rod | OFDM communication system with multiple OFDM symbol sizes |
US8169944B2 (en) | 2002-10-25 | 2012-05-01 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Random access for wireless multiple-access communication systems |
US9473269B2 (en) | 2003-12-01 | 2016-10-18 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Method and apparatus for providing an efficient control channel structure in a wireless communication system |
US7466749B2 (en) | 2005-05-12 | 2008-12-16 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Rate selection with margin sharing |
US8358714B2 (en) | 2005-06-16 | 2013-01-22 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Coding and modulation for multiple data streams in a communication system |
FR3001856B1 (fr) * | 2013-02-01 | 2017-10-20 | Jacques Boudier | Creuset froid polyphase |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DD202791A1 (de) * | 1981-07-13 | 1983-09-28 | Horst Seeber | Kuehlbare induktionsspule nach dem prinzip des waermerohres |
DD215681A1 (de) * | 1983-05-17 | 1984-11-14 | Inducal Goellingen Veb | Verlustwaermerueckgewinnung aus induktionsspulen nach dem prinzip des waermerohres |
DD218983A1 (de) * | 1983-05-17 | 1985-02-20 | Inducal Goellingen Veb | Kuehlbare induktionsspule nach dem prinzip des waermerohres |
FR2566890B1 (fr) * | 1984-06-29 | 1986-11-14 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Cage froide pour creuset a fusion par induction electromagnetique a frequence elevee |
DE19705458A1 (de) * | 1997-02-13 | 1998-08-20 | Leybold Systems Gmbh | Tiegel zum induktiven Schmelzen oder Überhitzen von Metallen, Legierungen oder anderen elektrisch leitfähigen Werkstoffen |
JPH1174070A (ja) * | 1997-08-28 | 1999-03-16 | Fuji Electric Co Ltd | 浮揚溶解用るつぼ |
-
2001
- 2001-08-23 FR FR0111044A patent/FR2828981B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2002
- 2002-08-21 EP EP02796300A patent/EP1419675B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-08-21 JP JP2003524302A patent/JP4610893B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-08-21 WO PCT/FR2002/002914 patent/WO2003019984A1/fr active IP Right Grant
- 2002-08-21 DE DE60202534T patent/DE60202534T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2014174489A1 (fr) | 2013-04-26 | 2014-10-30 | Commissariat A L'energie Atomique Et Aux Energies Alternatives | Four a chauffage par induction electromagnetique, utilisation du four pour la fusion d'un melange de metal(ux) et d'oxyde(s) representatif d'un corium |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2828981B1 (fr) | 2004-05-21 |
JP4610893B2 (ja) | 2011-01-12 |
EP1419675A1 (fr) | 2004-05-19 |
DE60202534T2 (de) | 2005-12-29 |
DE60202534D1 (de) | 2005-02-10 |
WO2003019984A1 (fr) | 2003-03-06 |
FR2828981A1 (fr) | 2003-02-28 |
JP2005502018A (ja) | 2005-01-20 |
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