EP1077267B1 - Installation de traitement thermique de pièces métalliques en lots ou unitaires au défilé - Google Patents
Installation de traitement thermique de pièces métalliques en lots ou unitaires au défilé Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1077267B1 EP1077267B1 EP99116269A EP99116269A EP1077267B1 EP 1077267 B1 EP1077267 B1 EP 1077267B1 EP 99116269 A EP99116269 A EP 99116269A EP 99116269 A EP99116269 A EP 99116269A EP 1077267 B1 EP1077267 B1 EP 1077267B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- temperature
- channel
- heat treatment
- zone
- section
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/0056—Furnaces through which the charge is moved in a horizontal straight path
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/0043—Muffle furnaces; Retort furnaces
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/0062—Heat-treating apparatus with a cooling or quenching zone
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/0006—Details, accessories not peculiar to any of the following furnaces
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a thermal treatment installation of metal pieces in batches or individually at the parade. More specifically the invention relates to such an installation comprising means allowing avoid the accumulation of condensate from the elements of the alloy parts above it in areas of the installation where the parts to are not yet fully solidified.
- the parade heat treatment which successively includes a warm-up phase, a temperature maintenance phase, and finally a cooling phase, of loose or unitary parts in alloy containing elements with high vaporization pressure (designated by thereafter by EPVE), under an oxidizing, inert or protective gas flow reducer presents many difficulties arising from vaporization or of the sublimation of these same elements.
- sublimation stops at a temperature below the sublimation temperature.
- Heat treatment furnaces with transport system for parts through the furnace through continuous movement or discontinuous of a support on which the parts to be treated are arranged, for example a conveyor belt made of a weaving of high-strength alloy wires temperature, allow annealing treatments to be carried out without physical alteration treated parts.
- ovens assimilated to a heated enclosure, with accesses, for example doors or simply openings on either side of the entrance and exit parts, typically consist of an entry area with a channel rectangular or circular sheet metal section, followed by a heating zone, then a cooling part consisting of a box cooled for example by through a double wall in which a cooling fluid circulates (water, air, etc.) and finally an exit zone, these various zones being assembled the to each other, for example by means of bolted flanges.
- the cooling portion can be formed of a first chamber allowing a start of cooling and a second chamber having an additional cooling device allowing to obtain a faster and more homogeneous result.
- the walls of which are at a temperature lower than the EPVE condensation temperature, and where the rooms have temperatures higher than the sublimation temperature of EPVE there is condensation of the vapors on all the walls.
- the accumulation of these condensates, particularly those located at the ceiling level generate particles which, by falling on parts having a temperature higher than the melting temperature of said particles, incrustations which bring as in the previous case an irreversible deterioration of the heat treated parts.
- This phenomenon of sublimation of EPVE can be significantly reduced or even avoided by using a strongly oxidizing protective gas, by example an O2 + N2 mixture, a wet gas, mixtures of N2 and water or N2 and H2 and water, or just air.
- a strongly oxidizing protective gas by example an O2 + N2 mixture, a wet gas, mixtures of N2 and water or N2 and H2 and water, or just air.
- these atmospheres cause a strong oxidation of the treated parts, with for consequence, especially for the monetary flanks, an increase sensitive physico-chemical treatment times for surface finishing, commonly called brightening.
- the material losses which result of these operations are important.
- the invention consists, during heat treatments of loose, batch, unit or continuous (such as strips, wires or profiles) in a passage furnace under protective atmosphere likely to cause formation of vapors from the parts to be treated, to avoid any possibility of fallout of condensate particles from these vapors on the parts, when these are, or will be brought to temperatures higher than the temperatures of these particles.
- the invention consists in avoiding that the EPVE cannot condense above the parts bed.
- the invention relates to a treatment installation thermal treatment of metal parts in batches or units on parade in an oven gas flow circulation channel, said parts being composed of at least less an alloy capable of emitting elements at vapor pressure high (EPVE) depending on the oven temperature and the composition of the gas flow and said oven, successively comprising at least one zone at the entrance to the rooms, at least one heating zone and at least one heating zone cooling, formed of a first sector and a second sector from which the treated parts as well as at least one means of driving the parts to through these different zones and at least one device for introducing the gas flow, characterized in that the first sector channel, has on at least part of its length of the means for cooling the lower part to a lower temperature at the condensation temperature of the EPVE and the means for maintaining upper part temperature at a temperature greater than or equal to the temperature of condensation of the EPVE, and in that the channel of the second sector includes means allowing the walls to be brought to a temperature below the temperature of condensation of EPVE.
- EPVE vapor pressure high
- the different channels 4, 5, 11 and 12 are linked together by means of example of flanges 16.
- Figure 2 describes in more detail the entrance area 1 according to the plan of section II-II defined in Figure 1.
- the entry area 1 consists of a channel 4 of cylindrical or parallelepipedic section, for example the extension of the heating channel 8 or an attached part coupled to the heating channel for example by means of a flange 16.
- the length of the entry zone 1 depends on the passage height of channel 4 but is typically less than the length of the heating zone 3.
- the entry area 1 comprises in the upper part, above the parts to be treated, a physical separation 17 arranged so as to spare a space between its upper part and the inlet channel and intended, for channel the flow of vapor-laden gas between the canal ceiling and this separation and, to collect the condensates, thus avoiding any fallout of particles that can cause irreparable damage to the parts.
- This separation can consist for example of a plate maintained by supports 18 integral with the channel, for example brackets, pins.
- supports 18 integral with the channel for example brackets, pins.
- the same effect can be achieved through a bent sheet in the shape of an inverted U, the sides of which rest on the bottom of the channel.
- This physical separation 17 partially extends 17a in the heating zone without, however, crossing it entirely. Typically, this separation 17a extends into the heating zone up to a distance substantially equal to where the parts reach temperature evaporation or sublimation of EPVE.
- the physical separation system 17 can be completed with a device heated 19 to maintain the temperature of the wall above the parts at a temperature higher than the condensation temperature of vapors from EPVE.
- the heater 19 is for example made up of a metal coil of type armored heating body, whether or not integral with the partition 17, in order to maintain its temperature at a temperature higher than the temperature of condensation of vapors from EPVE.
- the physical separation 17 need not necessarily extend to the interior of the heating zone 3.
- the regulation of the separation temperature is conventionally operated by means of a measurement of the temperature (for example a thermocouple) and of a regulator of conventional temperature, not shown.
- the parallelepiped section can be fitted at the ceiling with a duct vapor evacuation (not shown), typically a section tube cylindrical directly welded to the channel, or with a removable junction by through flasks.
- Gas extraction can be natural or forced, for example by venturi effect, supplemented if necessary by a system of mechanical filtering or condensation of vapors by vacuum.
- the temperature of the walls of the channel 5 in look of the parts is higher than the condensation temperature of the vapors from the sublimation of EPVE contained in the parts there therefore there is no risk of formation of condensates liable to pollute the rooms.
- Figure 3 shows a section, along the plane III-III of Figure 1, of first sector 9 of the cooling zone 8 and consists of at least minus a parallelepipedic or circular channel 11, depending on the geometry of the upstream and downstream interfaces.
- the first sector 9 of the cooling zone 8 extends from the end the heating zone or the heating channel 5 if it extends slightly further than the heating zone 3 proper.
- the first sector is characterized by the fact that it is ensured that the temperature of the inner surface of channel 11 or any surface placed directly above the parts is maintained at a temperature such that condensation of EPVE is not possible on this surface too a long time, or a sufficient distance respectively, to allow pieces to reach a temperature below the melting temperature condensates.
- the extent of the first sector of the cooling zone depends on the processing temperature in the heating and dissipation area energy of the parts (cooling) in the cooling zone.
- the length of the first sector 9 of the cooling zone 8 is 2 to 4 meters for a total length of the cooling zone 8 of about ten meters and a length of the heating zone 3 of 4-6 meters.
- the first sector 9 of the cooling zone is characterized in that the upper surface 21 located above the parts (which can be the surface of channel 11 or another surface) is not cooled as is the case in a conventional processing oven.
- This surface 21 is on the contrary thermally insulated by means of an insulator thermal 24 whose thickness is adapted accordingly (typically 100 300 mm) disposed inside or outside the channel 11, said surface 21 can also be provided with a heating system 20.
- the heating system 20 can be arranged either outside or at inside the channel 11 and does not have to extend over the entire distance from the first sector of the cooling zone. Heating 20 can be achieved using conventional electric heaters or through a gas burner. Temperature regulation desired on the surface is conventionally carried out by means for example of a temperature measurement and a conventional temperature controller, not shown.
- the part of the system below the parts can be cooled by example by means of a double wall 22 in which a fluid circulates cooling (water, air, etc.).
- This double coat can be placed at inside or outside of channel 11. Possible condensation of EPVE on the bottom of the channel 11 thus cooled is of no consequence since the cold surfaces are located under the parts and no damage to the surface of the parts is not to be feared.
- the system can be equipped with a vapor evacuation device (not shown), typically a cylindrical section tube directly welded to the system ceiling channel, or with a removable junction via flanges.
- a vapor evacuation device typically a cylindrical section tube directly welded to the system ceiling channel, or with a removable junction via flanges.
- the aspiration of gases can be natural or forced, for example by effect venturi, supplemented if necessary by a mechanical filtering system or vapor condensation by vacuum.
- the vapor exhaust system must be accessible for the in situ cleaning of condensates, the solution of a junction removable - for example by flanges is therefore preferable.
- the second sector 10 of the cooling zone 8 can be typically consisting of a double mantle 23 or channel in which a coolant, including at the top which is voluntarily cooled to accelerate the cooling of the parts.
- This part can also be equipped with a convection device shielding gas and a heat exchanger to allow cool the parts faster and decrease the length of the cooling 12.
- gas treatment or protection of parts e.g. nitrogen, hydrogen, argon or mixtures gas
- gas treatment or protection of parts is injected to allow the gas to impart a movement whose direction is the opposite of that of advance of the pieces through the zone of cooling.
- the invention overcomes the disadvantages of the prior art by providing a heat treatment installation for susceptible parts to issue EPVEs in which the processing time is relatively short without causing an irreversible change in the appearance of parts surface.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Furnace Details (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
Description
L'accumulation de ces condensats, particulièrement ceux se trouvant au niveau de plafond, génèrent des particules qui, en retombant sur des pièces ayant une température supérieure à la température de fusion desdites particules des incrustations qui amènent comme dans le cas précédent une altération irréversible des pièces traitées thermiquement.
- la figure 1 montre une coupe schématique longitudinale d'un four de traitement au défilé selon l'invention;
- la figure 2 montre une vue en coupe de l'entrée du four selon la ligne II-II de la figure 1, et
- la figure 3 montre une vue en coupe de la sortie du four selon la ligne III-III de la figure 1.
- d'une zone d'entrée 1 s'étendant entre la section d'entrée des pièces 2 dans l'installation et le début du four proprement dit comprenant au moins une zone de chauffe 3 et comprenant par exemple un canal métallique 4 de forme rectangulaire ou circulaire qui dans certains cas peut être le prolongement du canal situé dans la zone de chauffe 3,
- d'une zone de chauffe 3 constituée d'un canal métallique de forme quelconque, entouré d'une couche de matériau isolant 6 et de moyens de chauffe 7 qui peuvent être des brûleurs à gaz ou des corps de chauffe électriques conventionnels. La température dans la zone de chauffe est régulée au moyen de dispositifs de mesure de température (par exemple des thermocouples) et de régulateurs conventionnels du marché, non représentés,
- d'une zone de refroidissement 8 destinée au refroidissement des pièces constituée d'un moins deux secteurs, le premier secteur 9 s'étendant de la fin de la zone de chauffe 3 ou de la fin du canal 5 de la zone de chauffe du four à une distance partir de laquelle la température des pièces 2 traversant le four ne produisent plus d'EPVE (typiquement 400°C pour les pièces contenant du zinc), le deuxième secteur 10 de la zone de refroidissement s'étendant de la fin du premier secteur 9 jusqu'à la sortie des pièces 2 de l'installation. Les deux secteurs 9, 10 de la zone de refroidissement comportent un canal respectivement 11 et 12. On peut cependant imaginer qu'un seul canal soit suffisant dans les deux secteurs de refroidissement. Le premier secteur est caractérisé par le fait que l'on assure que la température de la surface intérieure du canal 11, ou de toute surface disposée directement au dessus des pièces, est maintenue à une température telle que la condensation des EPVE n'est pas possible sur cette surface aussi longtemps, ou respectivement sur une distance suffisante pour permettre aux pièces d'atteindre une température inférieure à la température de fusion des condensats,
- d'un dispositif d'entraínement 13 des pièces 2 au travers des différentes zones de l'installation constitué d'un jeux de tambour ou de rouleaux motorisés entraínant une bande ou une chaíne de transport 14 qui supporte les pièces. D'autres modes de réalisation sont bien évidemment possibles comme le remplacement de la bande de transport 14 par des rouleaux entraínés disposés tout le long de l'installation, et
- d'un dispositif d'injection des gaz de traitement, constitué par exemple de buses de gaz à flux orientables 15 constituées d'un tube fendu à son extrémité et placé orthogonalement au sens de défilement des pièces ou simplement d'un tube dont le point d'injection est placé dans le sens du flux de gaz désiré.
Claims (11)
- Installation de traitement thermique de pièces métalliques (2) en lots ou unitaires au défilé dans un four canal à circulation de flux gazeux, lesdites pièces (2) étant composées d'au moins un alliage susceptible d'émettre des éléments à pression de vapeur élevée (EPVE) en fonction de la température du four et de la composition du flux gazeux et ledit four, comprenant successivement au moins une zone d'entrée (1) des pièces (2), au moins une zone de chauffe (3) et au moins une zone de refroidissement (8), formée d'un premier secteur (9) et d'un deuxième secteur (10) d'où sortent les pièces traitées ainsi qu'au moins un moyen d'entraínement (13, 14) des pièces (2) au travers de ces différentes zones et au moins un dispositif d'introduction du flux gazeux (15), caractérisée en ce que le canal (11) du premier secteur (9), comporte sur au moins une partie de sa longueur des moyens de refroidissement de la partie inférieure à une température inférieure à la température de condensation des EPVE et des moyens de maintien en température de la partie supérieure à une température supérieure ou égale à la température de condensation des EPVE, et en ce que le canal (12) du deuxième secteur (10) comprend des moyens permettant d'amener les parois à une température inférieure à la température de condensation des EPVE.
- Installation de traitement thermique selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que les moyens de refroidissement de la partie inférieure du premier secteur (9) sont formés par une double paroi (22) permettant la circulation d'un fluide de refroidissement.
- Installation de traitement thermique selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que les moyens de maintien en température du premier secteur (9) au moyen d'un isolant thermique (24).
- Installation de traitement thermique selon la revendication 3, caractérisée en ce que l'isolant thermique (24) comprend en outre des moyens de chauffage (20).
- Installation de traitement thermique selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que le flux gazeux circule en sens contraire de l'avance des pièces (2) sur une majeure partie de l'étendue du premier secteur (9) de la zone de refroidissement (8).
- Installation de traitement thermique selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que la zone d'entrée (1) est constituée d'au moins un canal (4) dans lequel est en outre placée une séparation physique (17) sur au moins une partie de la longueur pour ménager un espace entre la surface supérieure du canal (4) et ladite séparation physique (17).
- Installation de traitement thermique selon la revendication 6, caractérisée en ce que la séparation physique (17) s'étend en partie à l'intérieur de la zone de chauffe (3).
- Installation de traitement thermique selon la revendication 6, caractérisée en ce que la séparation physique (17) comprend également des moyens de chauffage (19).
- Installation de traitement thermique selon la revendication 6, caractérisée en ce qu'au moins la partie supérieure du canal (4) de la zone d'entrée (1) comprend des moyens de chauffage.
- Installation de traitement thermique selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que le deuxième secteur (10) de la zone de refroidissement est entouré d'une enveloppe (23) dans laquelle circule un fluide de refroidissement.
- Installation de traitement thermique selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que les différentes zones et secteurs sont des éléments individuels assemblés et mis en série au moyen de flasques de liaison (16).
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE69918548T DE69918548T2 (de) | 1999-08-18 | 1999-08-18 | Vorrichtung zum Durchlaufwärmebehandeln von metallischen Werkstücken, einzeln oder gruppenweise |
EP99116269A EP1077267B1 (fr) | 1999-08-18 | 1999-08-18 | Installation de traitement thermique de pièces métalliques en lots ou unitaires au défilé |
AT99116269T ATE270714T1 (de) | 1999-08-18 | 1999-08-18 | Vorrichtung zum durchlaufwärmebehandeln von metallischen werkstücken, einzeln oder gruppenweise |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP99116269A EP1077267B1 (fr) | 1999-08-18 | 1999-08-18 | Installation de traitement thermique de pièces métalliques en lots ou unitaires au défilé |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1077267A1 EP1077267A1 (fr) | 2001-02-21 |
EP1077267B1 true EP1077267B1 (fr) | 2004-07-07 |
Family
ID=8238812
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP99116269A Expired - Lifetime EP1077267B1 (fr) | 1999-08-18 | 1999-08-18 | Installation de traitement thermique de pièces métalliques en lots ou unitaires au défilé |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1077267B1 (fr) |
AT (1) | ATE270714T1 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE69918548T2 (fr) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN100432274C (zh) * | 2005-12-01 | 2008-11-12 | 重庆飞达电炉有限公司 | 铝合金固溶、时效燃气加热处理炉 |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102014010711B4 (de) * | 2014-07-19 | 2019-08-29 | Wieland-Werke Ag | Verfahren zur Glühbehandlung von zinkhaltigen Kupferlegierungsbändern |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1906092A (en) * | 1930-07-30 | 1933-04-25 | Strong Carlisle & Hammond Comp | Conveyer furnace |
DE3828134A1 (de) * | 1988-08-18 | 1990-02-22 | Linde Ag | Verfahren zur waermebehandlung von werkstuecken |
JP2801344B2 (ja) * | 1990-02-16 | 1998-09-21 | 古河電気工業株式会社 | 銅一亜鉛合金線の熱処理方法 |
DE4339315A1 (de) * | 1993-11-18 | 1995-05-24 | Kohnle W Waermebehandlung | Anlage zur Wärmebehandlung von Kleinteilen aus Metall, insbesondere aus Zink enthaltenden Buntmetallen |
-
1999
- 1999-08-18 AT AT99116269T patent/ATE270714T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-08-18 DE DE69918548T patent/DE69918548T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-08-18 EP EP99116269A patent/EP1077267B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN100432274C (zh) * | 2005-12-01 | 2008-11-12 | 重庆飞达电炉有限公司 | 铝合金固溶、时效燃气加热处理炉 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1077267A1 (fr) | 2001-02-21 |
DE69918548D1 (de) | 2004-08-12 |
ATE270714T1 (de) | 2004-07-15 |
DE69918548T2 (de) | 2005-08-25 |
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