WO2003019478A1 - Systeme et procede de paiement combine pour reduire la congestion de vehicule dans les zones metropolitaines et sur les autoroutes - Google Patents

Systeme et procede de paiement combine pour reduire la congestion de vehicule dans les zones metropolitaines et sur les autoroutes Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2003019478A1
WO2003019478A1 PCT/IB2002/003419 IB0203419W WO03019478A1 WO 2003019478 A1 WO2003019478 A1 WO 2003019478A1 IB 0203419 W IB0203419 W IB 0203419W WO 03019478 A1 WO03019478 A1 WO 03019478A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
card
reader
car
smart card
information
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2002/003419
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
John Wolfgang Halpern
Original Assignee
John Wolfgang Halpern
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from GB0120703A external-priority patent/GB0120703D0/en
Priority claimed from GB0218969A external-priority patent/GB2385700A/en
Application filed by John Wolfgang Halpern filed Critical John Wolfgang Halpern
Publication of WO2003019478A1 publication Critical patent/WO2003019478A1/fr

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q20/00—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols
    • G06Q20/08—Payment architectures
    • G06Q20/20—Point-of-sale [POS] network systems
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
    • G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
    • G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
    • G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
    • G06K19/0723—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips the record carrier comprising an arrangement for non-contact communication, e.g. wireless communication circuits on transponder cards, non-contact smart cards or RFIDs
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
    • G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
    • G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
    • G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
    • G06K19/077—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier
    • G06K19/07749—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier the record carrier being capable of non-contact communication, e.g. constructional details of the antenna of a non-contact smart card
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q20/00—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols
    • G06Q20/02—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols involving a neutral party, e.g. certification authority, notary or trusted third party [TTP]
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q20/00—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols
    • G06Q20/30—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols characterised by the use of specific devices or networks
    • G06Q20/34—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols characterised by the use of specific devices or networks using cards, e.g. integrated circuit [IC] cards or magnetic cards
    • G06Q20/341—Active cards, i.e. cards including their own processing means, e.g. including an IC or chip
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q20/00—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols
    • G06Q20/30—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols characterised by the use of specific devices or networks
    • G06Q20/34—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols characterised by the use of specific devices or networks using cards, e.g. integrated circuit [IC] cards or magnetic cards
    • G06Q20/342—Cards defining paid or billed services or quantities
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q20/00—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols
    • G06Q20/30—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols characterised by the use of specific devices or networks
    • G06Q20/34—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols characterised by the use of specific devices or networks using cards, e.g. integrated circuit [IC] cards or magnetic cards
    • G06Q20/352—Contactless payments by cards
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q20/00—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols
    • G06Q20/30—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols characterised by the use of specific devices or networks
    • G06Q20/36—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols characterised by the use of specific devices or networks using electronic wallets or electronic money safes
    • G06Q20/363—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols characterised by the use of specific devices or networks using electronic wallets or electronic money safes with the personal data of a user
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q20/00—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols
    • G06Q20/38—Payment protocols; Details thereof
    • G06Q20/40—Authorisation, e.g. identification of payer or payee, verification of customer or shop credentials; Review and approval of payers, e.g. check credit lines or negative lists
    • G06Q20/409—Device specific authentication in transaction processing
    • G06Q20/4097—Device specific authentication in transaction processing using mutual authentication between devices and transaction partners
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07B—TICKET-ISSUING APPARATUS; FARE-REGISTERING APPARATUS; FRANKING APPARATUS
    • G07B15/00—Arrangements or apparatus for collecting fares, tolls or entrance fees at one or more control points
    • G07B15/02—Arrangements or apparatus for collecting fares, tolls or entrance fees at one or more control points taking into account a variable factor such as distance or time, e.g. for passenger transport, parking systems or car rental systems
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07B—TICKET-ISSUING APPARATUS; FARE-REGISTERING APPARATUS; FRANKING APPARATUS
    • G07B15/00—Arrangements or apparatus for collecting fares, tolls or entrance fees at one or more control points
    • G07B15/06—Arrangements for road pricing or congestion charging of vehicles or vehicle users, e.g. automatic toll systems
    • G07B15/063—Arrangements for road pricing or congestion charging of vehicles or vehicle users, e.g. automatic toll systems using wireless information transmission between the vehicle and a fixed station
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07F—COIN-FREED OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • G07F17/00—Coin-freed apparatus for hiring articles; Coin-freed facilities or services
    • G07F17/0014—Coin-freed apparatus for hiring articles; Coin-freed facilities or services for vending, access and use of specific services not covered anywhere else in G07F17/00
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07F—COIN-FREED OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • G07F7/00—Mechanisms actuated by objects other than coins to free or to actuate vending, hiring, coin or paper currency dispensing or refunding apparatus
    • G07F7/02—Mechanisms actuated by objects other than coins to free or to actuate vending, hiring, coin or paper currency dispensing or refunding apparatus by keys or other credit registering devices
    • G07F7/025—Mechanisms actuated by objects other than coins to free or to actuate vending, hiring, coin or paper currency dispensing or refunding apparatus by keys or other credit registering devices by means, e.g. cards, providing billing information at the time of purchase, e.g. identification of seller or purchaser, quantity of goods delivered or to be delivered
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07F—COIN-FREED OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • G07F7/00—Mechanisms actuated by objects other than coins to free or to actuate vending, hiring, coin or paper currency dispensing or refunding apparatus
    • G07F7/08—Mechanisms actuated by objects other than coins to free or to actuate vending, hiring, coin or paper currency dispensing or refunding apparatus by coded identity card or credit card or other personal identification means
    • G07F7/0866—Mechanisms actuated by objects other than coins to free or to actuate vending, hiring, coin or paper currency dispensing or refunding apparatus by coded identity card or credit card or other personal identification means by active credit-cards adapted therefor
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07F—COIN-FREED OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • G07F7/00—Mechanisms actuated by objects other than coins to free or to actuate vending, hiring, coin or paper currency dispensing or refunding apparatus
    • G07F7/08—Mechanisms actuated by objects other than coins to free or to actuate vending, hiring, coin or paper currency dispensing or refunding apparatus by coded identity card or credit card or other personal identification means
    • G07F7/10—Mechanisms actuated by objects other than coins to free or to actuate vending, hiring, coin or paper currency dispensing or refunding apparatus by coded identity card or credit card or other personal identification means together with a coded signal, e.g. in the form of personal identification information, like personal identification number [PIN] or biometric data
    • G07F7/1008—Active credit-cards provided with means to personalise their use, e.g. with PIN-introduction/comparison system
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
    • G08G1/01—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled
    • G08G1/017—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled identifying vehicles

Definitions

  • vehicle identification means such as cameras which can read licence plates, or electronic proximity readers built into roads.
  • the present invention aims to provide an improved arrangement and when viewed from a first aspect provides a traffic regulation system comprising at least one smart card and a separate reader, said smart card comprising means for transferring data to said reader without having to be in contact therewith, characterised in that said card stores information corresponding to a predetermined period of time during which use of a vehicle associated with the card in a predetermined area is not permitted, said card being arranged in use to transfer said information to said reader to permit the reader to determine whether the associated vehicle is improperly located.
  • entry of traffic into designated zones may be regulated through use of smart cards and corresponding readers to read the cards.
  • This provides a way of enforcing a regime, for example, whereby drivers who regularly drive into a metropolitan area pledge, by agreement or legal provision, not to drive his/her car into a delimited area of the region on one particular week day. This will have the effect of reducing the number of cars present in the congested area by approximately twenty percent .
  • a system to be described further below may use a microprocessor card with electromagnetic (contact-less) data transfer between the card and the reader.
  • Such cards could, for example, be required to be placed on the inside window pane of each front door or rear door of the car.
  • readers able to read these cards at a distance of 2 yards or less would be placed at parking lot entrances and exits. If cars are parked in streets, the capability of surveying whole city districts by a few motor cyclists would be achieved by strapping double-sided card readers onto a motorcycle's rear seat. Preferably therefore the reader is adapted to be attached to a mobile vehicle such as a motorcycle or the like. How these would work will be described below.
  • the smart card and reader are arranged to cooperate together in order to determine whether a vehicle associated with the card has exceeded an allowable parking duration.
  • This is advantageous as essentially the same system as is outlined above may also be used for checking that cars parked in streets do not grossly exceed the prescribed parking time, and if they exceed it tickets can be issued on the spot, or billed later from a Transport Regulation Centre.
  • the reader is arranged to transfer data to the card.
  • One of the items stored in the card will be a code for each predetermined period of time - e.g. a day of the week, corresponding to when the vehicle is not permitted into the restricted area. For example, this might be the car owner' s voluntarily agreed day of the week on which he or she has undertaken to find an alternative transportation route for going to work.
  • the car may still be used outside the metropolitan area, for example to drive to a railway station. However, should the car enter the metropolitan area on the wrong day or when the car is parked subsequently, especially in an area heavily used by motorists, preferably a flag signal is entered into the motorist's card. This could be done by means of a roadside reader at the entrance to the forbidden area. The flag signal would include the time the car entered the forbidden area.
  • the smart card is in data communication with a control system of the vehicle with which it is associated such that the card may prevent use of the vehicle.
  • the car may be arranged that the car will not start. It could further be arranged that the only way for the car to be started will be assistance from an Automobile Club, a Car Rescue Service, or the police by an officer applying a ⁇ Code Cancel Card' to an in-car card reader. This will presumably be done against payment of a penalty for having driven the car on the forbidden day plus having exceeded the maximum parking time. All other offences would probably be dealt with more efficiently by means of self-debiting action responsive to a reader- resident flag signal, or alternatively, by the data obtained by the metropolitan surveying fleet being passed on to a new traffic regulation centre.
  • the smart card using contact-less data transfer may usefully comprise at least two sets of memories and special encryption hardware integrated on a single chip, preferably a specially designed microprocessor, to obtain shortest possible transfer and transaction times.
  • the Reader unit uses the same chip architecture as the card but in a complementary program.
  • the reader unit also contains a magnetic tape memory package which can be withdrawn from the unit and applied to a central analyser or bill printing equipment.
  • the system could comprise the already-mentioned processing centre in combination with a network of telecommunication channels permitting the transfer of digital data collected in the Reader unit, to a larger temporary data retention unit in the said Centre.
  • the data assessment will produce:
  • the car or other vehicle associated with the card has a reader for starting the engine with a card of the described type, the reader may be programmed to reject the ignition key card until an inhibition flag has been removed. However, this added feature would make no difference to the collectability of the fee as such.
  • Fraudulent misuse of the system is highly unlikely because of the features of the data encryption/ decryption system having been built into the Micro computer chip itself.
  • the contact-less smart card may have a built-in battery.
  • it is essentially a passive device, in that it receives its operating energy from the reader when presented to it at a moderate distance, e.g. varying between 1 and 6 ft.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the main features of a smart card in accordance with the invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of part of a reader unit in accordance with the invention.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a further part of the reader unit.
  • Fig. 4 illustrates the modified manner by which a contact-less card is proposed to be placed into an automobile.
  • Fig. 5 shows the card and the disk on which it is placed plus the details of an equalizing and concentrating resonant loop 500.
  • Fig. 6 shows the same arrangement but with two inter- coupled loops 500a and 500b.
  • Fig. 7 is a cross-section of the disk 200 made up of two parts with an enclosed contact-less card 300 between the two parts. Other forms of attaching the smart card are discussed in the text.
  • Fig. 1 shows on the left a Reader Unit 1 radiating HF waves towards the right where the smart card 2 with its embedded wire coil 3 and silicon chip 4 receives radiation energy.
  • Tiny diodes 5 produces polar output supplied to transistor 7 which together with a zener diode 6 generates a voltage stable output at the + input to the chip 4.
  • a microprocessor unit (MP ⁇ ) 8 comprises a combination of an ALU block with a programming or event sequencing block, a memory block and programmable read (R) , write (W) and input/output lines (I/O) , making the chip in essence a micro-computer unit (MCU) even though no address bus, data bus, and timing control bus are shown.
  • the chip 4 further comprises two memories Ml, M2.
  • An unconventional element of the chip 4 is the hardware circuit group El which encrypts outgoing outputs from M2 and decrypts incoming data for delivery to M2.
  • Ml The contents of Ml is the car owner' s Licence Number which, apart from being transferred in the clear to the Reader Unit, also loads a portion of its number into a register of El (the encryption key register) after sending the full licence number to the reader in the clear (non-encrypted) condition.
  • the chip 4 also comprises a number of logic gates (gates 11-14 are here shown in a representative sense for a much larger number of logic gates).
  • the operation of the system may be viewed in six steps.
  • the card Reader 1 As the card Reader 1 approaches the location of the card 2, it transmits electromagnetic energy to the card, pumping up the d.c. voltage applied to the IC of the card, and when it reaches the desired level, this re-sets all bi-stables to a starting point and signals to the Reader 1 the card's state of readiness.
  • the electromagnetic energy is typically of a frequency in the Megahertz range. One of the standard frequencies is 13.56 MHZ.
  • step 2 there is an inevitable short delay up to the moment when the card is powered up to the correct voltage. This may take a few milliseconds. Thereafter all circuit settings are Reset in base level. (Return to zero on power-on) .
  • the Card 2 sends to the Reader 1 the car owner' s licence number, thereby entering this number into the encryption registers of both the card 2 and the Reader device 1.
  • step 3 the Sequencing Timer circuit 9 is then activated which synchronises Reader 1 and Card 2.
  • the contents of Ml in the card is read out.
  • the memory Ml contains the Licence Number of the car. It is transferred to the Reader 1 where this number is stored, and also used as an encryption key for the encryption hardware circuit. Also in the card 2 itself, the contents of Ml is serially entered into the encryption circuit group algorithm El of the card chip 4, to control the encryption process.
  • step 3 Although the encryption of the M2 data offers protection against fraudulent evasion, security can be further increased by expanding step 3 by a supplementary step 3a.
  • Step 3a consists in the Card Reader electronics generating a pseudo-random number which is added to the said licence number obtained from memory Ml of the card, and the combined number is then transmitted to the card' s encryption register to act as the encryption control element.
  • the same combined number is also used in this capacity within the Reader electronics for decrypting the data obtained from the card during the Step 4 (hereunder) .
  • such number may also be inserted into a register of the Reader Unit from an external device, for example by receiving it via radio waves
  • the addition may be carried out in various ways; (arithmetically, or serially, or by interlacing, or otherwise) .
  • the Reader sends out from a Random register a contribution towards the encryption key to be used.
  • the card's random register is full, the card begins to send to the Reader the car owner's license number (or a definite portion thereof).
  • the Reader electronics there is now assembled a combined binary number in the encryption key registers of the respective integrated circuits (IC's) of both the card and the Reader unit.
  • step 4 the card sends out all the information contained in memory M2 which passes through the encryption/decryption algorithm and is then applied to the load modulation circuit Lm (Fig. 1) .
  • Various sectors of the memory M2 may of course contain any additional information, including a prepaid cash reserve, and banking details of the card owner, look-up tables, etc. specific to the owner's age or financial standing, etc..
  • the lookup tables may hold data concerning graduated penalty fees for various offences such as the parking fees beyond allowed limits, any exceptional circumstances, and the like.
  • Step 5 the load modulation containing the encrypted information is received in the Reader 1 converted into standard digital form, applied to the input of the decryption circuit El in the Reader Unit (not shown) and then applied to the memory M2 in the Reader Unit.
  • the reader' s micro-computer compares the readout of the week day codes with the prerecorded day codes. See also the detailed description of Fig. 2.
  • the microprocessor of the Reader Unit may be programmed to convert them into fees in the local currency concerned, deduct them from the card' s prepaid (residual) cash reserve and retransmit the new residual cash reserve to the card for substitution in its corresponding register.
  • the Reader reads from the card all the day codes for the five week days, therefrom it can tell whether the four permissible days are recorded correctly, and further whether among the permissible days has been registered also the forbidden day. If it is, a buzzer of a certain pitch is sounded loud enough to be distinguishable from the general street noise.
  • the Reader 1 contains a battery-driven clock generating the instant time in digital form.
  • a card 2 which is normally mounted in the window of a car door
  • the Reader 1 records also the exact time of the said event, irrespective of whether the parked car is in the metropolitan region on a permitted day or on a forbidden day.
  • a motor cycle scanner, or even a scanner on foot takes a reading the time and date, derived from the portable scanner are recorded, and also entered into the memory of the card.
  • the licence number and the rest of the card information is retained in the Reader memory. It is this which permits the system to charge graduated parking fees, that is to say fees based on the last- recorded scanning time minus the first- recorded scanning time.
  • step 6 the Reader unit transmits the time of an executed scanning sample to the smart card, into memory M2. Any consecutive scanning of the car will again be transmitted to memory M2. These times are assembled and are returned by the Reader to the Card in each consecutive scanning operation.
  • a different rate may be considered if the car concerned is found to have been parked in the City on its forbidden day.
  • Fig. 2 represents a portion of the Reader Box to illustrate how the parked car scanning system can be changed so as to recognise the forbidden day code in the card, and to recognise also the not forbidden four days codes. From this the scanning box will know that the test is genuine, therefore both the forbidden day has to be checked as well as the allowed days.
  • the Reader Box is programmed in such a manner that the first data sent out concern the forbidden day code. After a short pause (1 or 2 milliseconds) the four allowed day codes are tested as a single uninterrupted string of data. Then the day and time of the various scanning times are read from the card (needed for calculating the approximate parking time) , and finally, the information is checked against reported theft of cards. Thus is done by reading out the license number of the car from the card, amid comparing it with those license numbers reported to the Regulator Agency over the last two or three weeks.
  • the Card Reader Unit has facility br entering a fixed number of licence numbers which have been reported over the past three weeks as stolen cars or cards.
  • the last readout licence number is then compared with all the licence numbers reported as stolen. For example, a white light gets lit when cards or car turn out to be stolen. This comparison relates only to those reported during the past three weeks, or so.
  • thee scanning officer may decide to call the Regulation Centre via mobile phone, and requests a more detailed search.
  • a day-code MON is the first data group sent to the Scanning Reader in encrypted form.
  • the license number is held in the ROM memory Ml which is sent out via OR gate 13 to the gate of the transistor T which thereby modulates the load on the energy receiving coil 3. This is the basis of data transmission to the Reader.
  • the received code is compared with its own (for the day Monday) . If the car concerned tries to park in a parking lot it will be discovered already at the entrance passage. If it hopes to disappear among the many other cars parked in a street, it will be discovered when the next traffic attendant's car or motor bicycle passes that street.
  • the scanning device needs to know that the car has in fact its own card suspended in one of its side windows, and at least one of the remaining four allowed day codes agrees with its own day codes.
  • the license number is used as an encryption key in both card and Reader, a green light coming on in response to this second comparison proves that the card is in working order.
  • this does not yet prove that the automobilist has not irregularly obtained the card from another whose prohibited day happens to be any day except Monday. If only the green light comes on, this proves that the car has a different day as the off-limit day amid therefore has a right, but the cards may have been stolen. Therefore, it is important that those who discover that their window cards are missing, should report this immediately.
  • the Reader Box has facilities for entering via a keyboard or via mobile radio text entry the license number of the stolen cards or stolen car.
  • the Reader electronics may hold adequate memory for storing a license numbers reported during the past three weeks and these can be compared with the license number read out from scanned cards.
  • the advantage of mobile radio text entry is that the operator can make contact with head office and update the list of stolen cards or cars several times during his shift period.
  • each registered car must have a pair of cards, could be used by a person having several cars, in such a manner that he or she takes the cards of a second car whose forbidden day does not fall on the day of the person' s first car, but puts them into the first car. In such a case, a glance at the type or manufacturing year, may provide the clue.
  • the display may say "FORD 1960", but the car just passed was a "Bentley 2000" (to give a drastic example) .
  • Figs. 2 and 3 show the detector circuits as well as a manual adjustment disk which the scanning officer would have to reset every morning before he or she starts the morning shift.
  • the dual-in line devices 18 contain shift registers, the serial data for the day identifying code. There are only five devices, one for each week day. They are mounted on a dish 15 which is fixed. The outer ring 16 can be turned in steps of 72 angle degrees. Contact blades 19 or 20 match other contacts in each position, in such a manner that only one in each position represents the off- limit day. It is likely that a purely electronic method would provide a better and cheaper pre-setting tool, even though the method of Fig. 2 would be easier to pre-set.
  • the terminal points 22 connects to registers into which are loaded the electromagnetically transmitted data derived from the window-mounted cards. Both the data derived via the flexible wire connection 21 , and those received via the connector 22 , are then compared by an exclusive NOR gate 24 and if there is an output from any of the bistables the equality of the data streams is proven .
  • the device (Figs. 5, 6 and 7) may be called an equaliser and a concentrator plate (200) because it equalises local differences and also multiplies the electro-magnetic energy field into which the card (300) is placed, by the Q- f actor loop.
  • Fig. 5 a wire loop (500) and a variable capacitor (600) for fine-tuning to the prospective operating frequency
  • Fig. 6 contains two loops (500a and 500b) each terminating in a fixed, compact capacitors (600a and 600b).
  • the version of Fig. 6 is expected to show band pass characteristics and will increase response reliability.
  • Fig. 7 shows a version wherein the plate (200) is made of two plates (200a and 200b) with contact-less chip card (300) sandwiched between the two. In other designs (not shown) the card would be held in place by a hinged spring-loaded lid. Still other designs might incorporate lockable retention of the card, in such a manner, however, that the card can be quickly removed and returned to a wallet, for normal purchasing requirements or for access to a transit system.
  • the plate (200) may be used for non-obligatory functions, for example for detector circuits responsive to reader-originated flag signals appertaining to fee or penalty determinations.
  • the output of those circuits may drive a display screen showing up any fee or penalty as and when it is generated.
  • Such drivers may earn up to L50 per month by removing themselves safely from the other contributors to congestive situations, also on those days on which they are allowed to drive into the various cities, (the encryption system must of course be of such a kind that it would be hopeless for anyone to experiment with adding a value to his card or her card) .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Accounting & Taxation (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Strategic Management (AREA)
  • General Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Finance (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Devices For Checking Fares Or Tickets At Control Points (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un système de régulation du trafic qui comprend au moins une carte intelligente s'utilisant sans contact et un lecteur séparé. La carte stocke des informations correspondant à une période prédéterminée pendant laquelle l'utilisation d'un véhicule qui lui est associé n'est pas autorisée dans une certaine zone. La carte transmet ces informations au lecteur qui détermine si le véhicule associé se trouve à un endroit non autorisé.
PCT/IB2002/003419 2001-08-25 2002-08-22 Systeme et procede de paiement combine pour reduire la congestion de vehicule dans les zones metropolitaines et sur les autoroutes WO2003019478A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0120703.4 2001-08-25
GB0120703A GB0120703D0 (en) 2001-08-25 2001-08-25 A transportation regulation system to reduce congestion in metropolitan areas
GB0208047.1 2002-04-08
GB0208047A GB0208047D0 (en) 2001-08-25 2002-04-08 A transportation system to reduce congestion in metropolitan areas
GB0218969.1 2002-08-14
GB0218969A GB2385700A (en) 2001-08-25 2002-08-14 Wireless smart card system and method to reduce congestion of vehicles

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2003019478A1 true WO2003019478A1 (fr) 2003-03-06

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/IB2002/003419 WO2003019478A1 (fr) 2001-08-25 2002-08-22 Systeme et procede de paiement combine pour reduire la congestion de vehicule dans les zones metropolitaines et sur les autoroutes

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2003019478A1 (fr)

Cited By (9)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2008046723A1 (fr) * 2006-10-19 2008-04-24 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Puce rfid
US8060297B2 (en) 2007-12-14 2011-11-15 Microsoft Corporation Route transfer between devices
US8090532B2 (en) 2007-12-14 2012-01-03 Microsoft Corporation Pedestrian route production
ITPI20100122A1 (it) * 2010-10-30 2012-05-01 Studio Associato Angeli Dia A A I Ng F Angeli Dispositivo per segnalazione automatica del transito di un corpo comprendente un rfid passivo
US8428859B2 (en) 2007-12-14 2013-04-23 Microsoft Corporation Federated route production
US8473198B2 (en) 2007-12-14 2013-06-25 Microsoft Corporation Additional content based on intended travel destination
US8793065B2 (en) 2008-02-19 2014-07-29 Microsoft Corporation Route-based activity planner
US8793066B2 (en) 2006-06-27 2014-07-29 Microsoft Corporation Route monetization
US10818170B1 (en) * 2016-01-20 2020-10-27 United Services Automobile Association Systems and methods for traffic management via inter-party resource allocation

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2254463A (en) * 1991-04-05 1992-10-07 Easams Ltd Vehicle monitoring arrangement
DE19507721A1 (de) * 1995-03-07 1996-09-12 Licentia Gmbh Transponderanordnung für elektromagnetische Abfragesysteme
WO1997049076A1 (fr) * 1996-06-19 1997-12-24 Integrated Silicon Design Pty. Ltd. Systeme de transpondeur a portee accrue
US6052068A (en) * 1997-03-25 2000-04-18 Frederick J. Price Vehicle identification system
DE19832814A1 (de) * 1998-07-20 2000-06-29 Hermann Strunck Limitierung der Fahrmöglichkeit
EP1031480A1 (fr) * 1999-02-26 2000-08-30 Inova Designs Limited Appareil de sécurité et de contrôle d'utilisation d'un véhicule

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2254463A (en) * 1991-04-05 1992-10-07 Easams Ltd Vehicle monitoring arrangement
DE19507721A1 (de) * 1995-03-07 1996-09-12 Licentia Gmbh Transponderanordnung für elektromagnetische Abfragesysteme
WO1997049076A1 (fr) * 1996-06-19 1997-12-24 Integrated Silicon Design Pty. Ltd. Systeme de transpondeur a portee accrue
US6052068A (en) * 1997-03-25 2000-04-18 Frederick J. Price Vehicle identification system
DE19832814A1 (de) * 1998-07-20 2000-06-29 Hermann Strunck Limitierung der Fahrmöglichkeit
EP1031480A1 (fr) * 1999-02-26 2000-08-30 Inova Designs Limited Appareil de sécurité et de contrôle d'utilisation d'un véhicule

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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Title
SAVATIER F: "BARCELONA UNTANGLES TRAFFIC A BUSY CITY FINDS AN RF SOLUTION TO REGULATING TRAFFIC IN ITS OVERCROWDED CENTER", ID SYSTEMS, HELMERS PUBLISHING, US, vol. 4, no. 1, 1996, pages 16,18, XP000587169, ISSN: 1081-275X *

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8793066B2 (en) 2006-06-27 2014-07-29 Microsoft Corporation Route monetization
WO2008046723A1 (fr) * 2006-10-19 2008-04-24 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Puce rfid
US8060297B2 (en) 2007-12-14 2011-11-15 Microsoft Corporation Route transfer between devices
US8090532B2 (en) 2007-12-14 2012-01-03 Microsoft Corporation Pedestrian route production
US8428859B2 (en) 2007-12-14 2013-04-23 Microsoft Corporation Federated route production
US8473198B2 (en) 2007-12-14 2013-06-25 Microsoft Corporation Additional content based on intended travel destination
US8793065B2 (en) 2008-02-19 2014-07-29 Microsoft Corporation Route-based activity planner
ITPI20100122A1 (it) * 2010-10-30 2012-05-01 Studio Associato Angeli Dia A A I Ng F Angeli Dispositivo per segnalazione automatica del transito di un corpo comprendente un rfid passivo
US10818170B1 (en) * 2016-01-20 2020-10-27 United Services Automobile Association Systems and methods for traffic management via inter-party resource allocation

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