WO2003010108A2 - Verfahren zur inertisierung von filter- und flugaschen - Google Patents
Verfahren zur inertisierung von filter- und flugaschen Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2003010108A2 WO2003010108A2 PCT/AT2002/000217 AT0200217W WO03010108A2 WO 2003010108 A2 WO2003010108 A2 WO 2003010108A2 AT 0200217 W AT0200217 W AT 0200217W WO 03010108 A2 WO03010108 A2 WO 03010108A2
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- fly ash
- pellets
- weight
- additive
- particles
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B18/02—Agglomerated materials, e.g. artificial aggregates
- C04B18/023—Fired or melted materials
- C04B18/026—Melted materials
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a new method for inerting, in particular in (domestic) sewage and / or agricultural waste and / or sewage sludge incineration plants and / or plants for the combustion of filter media and residues from drinking water treatment accumulating, filter and fly ash, the ashes mentioned being mixed with a silicate material, shaped into shaped bodies and heated to temperatures of at least 700 ° C. in the resulting mass by incorporating the toxic heavy metal components in water-insoluble form. It also relates to the use of the moldings obtained by the process.
- fly ash is a fine volatile powder, which mostly contains a large number of toxic substances. Therefore, the problems caused by the fly ash are quite critical from both a technical and environmental point of view.
- the combustion fly ash forms, as mentioned, highly volatile fine powders, which often contain more than 100 different chemical substances, whereby in addition to the heavy metals listed in Table 1 and other heavy metals, e.g. the highly aggressive silicon tetrachloride can also be included.
- the blocks thus produced in which the fly ash is bound with concrete or another of the binder materials just mentioned, have the property that they are subject to a constant aging process, which manifests itself in particular in that the number of cracks, gaps, Fractures or the like increases with increasing storage time. These gradually leach out the toxic components of the fly ash, which are essentially made up of easily washable salts or compounds, and thus undesirably get into the environment. In contrast to radioactivity, the toxicity decreases Heavy metals do not diminish over time, and the known methods for the containment or containment of fly ash are such that their use merely delays the negative environmental influences they emanate, but does not reduce the quantity of pollutants becomes. As mentioned above, another known method is to use plastic or
- agglo-porite filler or aggregate material for concrete, see RU 548586 A.
- the disadvantages of this method are as follows: it requires extensive thermal treatment, the granules obtained have a high density and it there are narrow limits for the particle size of the agglomerates, which limits the prospects for their use in the construction industry.
- Another method, which has been known for a long time, of producing light filling materials or light aggregates for concrete, consists in the use of carbon-containing residues from the metal industry, for which reference is made to RU 2082688 A.
- the following process steps take place here: 50 to 85% by weight of dehydrated filter cake from a casting furnace for the production of silicon-containing alloys, 3 to 8% iron-containing compounds, such as e.g. Blast furnace slag dust from converter furnaces and / or iron ore, 1 to 8% by weight of calcareous components, e.g.
- dry gas filter cakes from lime caicination, ground limestone or dolomite, and 5 to 10% by weight of a clay component mixed with water in an amount to the rest to 100% by weight to form a basic mass.
- a plasticizer e.g. Ligno sulfate, in an amount of about 1.5% by weight.
- the basic mass is converted into granulate particles, which are then dried. This is followed by a multi-stage process in an oxidizing atmosphere, as follows: The first step is for 5 to 15 minutes. heating to temperatures in the range of 450 to 600 ° C, then in the second stage heating for 2 to 4 minutes to 800 to 1000 ° C.
- the granulate particles pretreated in this way are then subjected to a final thermal treatment step at high temperatures of 1200 ° C., being simultaneously dusted with a powder made from a refractory material.
- the granulate particles obtained in this way have sufficient strength, density and hardness to be able to serve as aggregate or filler material for concretes.
- the granulate particles can be introduced into the concrete without auxiliary binders, because they have the advantageous property that they can be evenly distributed in the resulting mass.
- the fired brick mass formed in this known process is the result of a firing process which causes the clay particles to sinter together, the product of which, as is known from conventional bricks, is in any case still porous and therefore water-absorbent and thus has a considerable inner surface which is ultimately available for - in the case of fly ash inerting highly undesirable - leaching processes through soil water or the like.
- the decisive disadvantage of the high demand for valuable high-temperature thermal energy is present.
- the present invention thus relates to a method for inerting fly ash, as mentioned at the outset, which is characterized in that
- a dry first additive (I) on the basis of a finely divided, melting point-lowering, alkali-rich, silicate-forming mixture or silicate material with contents of alkali and optionally alkaline earth metal oxides, aluminum oxide and silicon dioxide as essential components, dry mingled, mixed and / or mixed and the resulting base mass in a second stage ( a2) mixed with 30 to 40% by weight of a second additive (II) based on a mineral acid component to form a homogeneous granulating mass, and / or mixed that
- this granulation mass is converted into "green" granules or pellets of this type, which have essentially spheroidal particles, - after which, as a third step (c), water is removed from the "green" granules -
- Particles or pellets by drying at elevated temperature connects that
- a fourth step (d) the dried granulate particles or pellets are heated to temperatures of up to 950 ° C. with the formation of a glass melt-like matrix phase that encloses and encloses the fly ash particles in a filling manner, after which
- the granules or pellets obtained are cooled to ambient temperature.
- the second additive (II) based on the acid component makes a very significant contribution to lowering the heating temperature.
- the chemistry involved here has not yet been fully elucidated, but it can essentially be assumed that the action of the acid component leads to a kind of "acidic digestion" which causes the oxygen bridges on the large surface of the fine fly ash particles breaks up and, so to speak, prepares the ground for the subsequent chemical binding of the fly ash molecules to the first additive I in the course of the heating step. For this reason there is much less for the production of these bonds Energy is required, which results in the substantial reduction in the heating temperature which can be achieved according to the invention.
- the granules or pellets obtained according to the invention are notable for high
- the granules obtained are furthermore actually non-toxic, so they can be used for a long time without causing any damage to the environment, even as building materials or in building materials, and furthermore as a practically universal filler and aggregate material for composite building materials.
- the particles or pellets obtained according to the invention are mostly of dark brown to dark gray color, depending on whether in the starting fly ash e.g. a sewage sludge incineration ash or a domestic waste incineration ash dominates. It is particularly advantageous to use the additives (I) and (II) provided according to the invention in the proportions mentioned in claim 1 in relation to the amount of the fly ash to be rendered inert.
- the switch on is one
- the intermediate step (bc) between the second step (b) and the third step (c), which comprises "dusting” the "green pellets”, is particularly preferred, for which purpose the
- This intermediate step has the further advantage that when the pellets are heated, a particularly dense and smooth, melt-like surface layer that protects against leaching is formed on them.
- Zones of the pellets have a more semi-crystalline character.
- the amount of dusting powder can be up to 20% by weight based on the total mass of fly ash (s) and additive I + II. Amounts in the range from 5 to 15% by weight are usually sufficient.
- the first additive (I) which also acts as a support for the desired substantial reduction in the energy requirement in the inerting process by lowering the melting point, advantageously consists essentially of the components resulting from the A n s r u c h 3 within the composition ranges specified there.
- the components can be used in the form of oxides, hydroxides and carbonates as mixed oxides or as silicates, silicoaluminates or the like.
- a fly ash mineral / additive which advantageously has a relatively low melting temperature, and at the same time also lowers the melting point for itself effective first additive (I), a rich embedding of the fly ash particles in the glass matrix, as already explained, with the formation of chemical and / or coordinative bonds between the additive chemicals or minerals and the fly ash components or Minerals, and achieve a high-density surface or outer skin of the individual granulate particles or pellets.
- This additive can at low cost AUSY 'ewe / 7s locally available raw materials or produced from structural residues.
- a further possibility of obtaining granules of the above-mentioned good quality is to use at least one of the ashes mentioned in claim 6 with fly ash from a waste or industrial waste incineration process within the quantity ratios as claimed in claim 6 as fly ash - Component.
- Industrial fly ash comes in particular from metal melting processes, from the cement industry or the like.
- the granules obtained in accordance with these claims have high hardness on the surface, high abrasion resistance and high mechanical stability as well as the desired dense surface and thus offer high security against leaching through soil water over long periods of time.
- pelletizing process it should be noted that it is favorable to work at temperatures within the limits which can be deduced from A n s p r u c h 7. If the granulate particles are heated to temperatures of over 60 ° C during or after their preparation, i.e. before drying, they can cause them to cake together, which can interfere with operation.
- the intended final degree of moisture in the drying process can also help to largely avoid possible problems in the subsequent two-stage heating of the granulate particles, such as cracking, bursting and / or breakage.
- Heating zone within a kiln e.g. a rotary kiln
- Heating rates in the range of about 40 to 60 ° C / min or more are in the
- the two-stage heating process according to claim 10 has also proven to be particularly favorable for the break resistance of the new inert pellets.
- Additive (I) originating gases, so that in the second heating stage (d2) the sintering together of the fine particles of the components beginning there and then the progressive glazing of the mass to the pellets can no longer be disturbed by a large amount of developing gases.
- Additive (I) and additive (II) returned and the one to be mixed there
- Another object of the invention is the use of the granules or pellets according to the invention obtained according to A n s r u c h 14, which together with a, preferably hydraulic, binder to form building blocks, components,
- the fly ash inert granules or pellets obtained using the new process are characterized by high mechanical stability and breaking strength in the range of 7-24 kg / pellet. Their inner surface is practically zero.
- the technology according to the invention makes it possible to obtain granules with a quality corresponding practically to the eluate class I or with an otherwise even better quality, which enable their use in the building materials sector or for building purposes without any problems.
- example 1 The following components were mixed together in the following proportions to form a homogeneous dry mass in a standard mixing device:
- the intimately mixed base mass was then mixed with 330 g (33% by weight) of a waste liquor from a steel pickling plant based on 312 g / l of sulfuric acid and a content of 200 g / l of iron sulfate.
- the mixture was processed into a granulation mixture with high homogeneity by continued stirring and kneading.
- dusted granules were dried in a tumble dryer at a temperature of 110 ° C for 30 minutes.
- the thermal treatment of the granulate particles was carried out as follows: heating to 490 ° C. for a period of 15 minutes and then heating to 910 ° for a period of
- the particles are then cooled to ambient temperature at a cooling rate between 80 and 60 ° C per minute.
- the particles thus obtained have the following characteristics: Size: 10-20 mm in diameter Density: 2.1 g / cm 3
- the main phase components of the pellets are the following:
- CaSiO 3 (calcium silicate)
- the (phase) compositions of the core and shell of the pellets are similar.
- the glass-like pellet casing had a thickness in the range of about 0.5 mm, with no defined limit to the partially crystalline interior of the pellets.
- the thermal differential analysis of the process shows in the temperature range between 20 and 850 ° C the existence of two small exothermic peaks at 132 ° C and 276 ° C and one small endothermic peak at 470 ° C. None of these have a significant impact on the thermal capacity of the heating process.
- the following table 2 shows the maximum permitted limit values for various toxic heavy metals according to the Austrian landfill ordinance according to the various leaching classes for land fillings
- Pellets parameters of the pellets, determined in the laboratory for examining the
- Waste incineration plants according to the characteristic values of high toxicity it 88.7 is non-toxic (non-toxic: 70 ⁇ iT ⁇ 120).
- End temp maximum temperature when the green granules are heated
- MG average size of the granulate particles in mm.
- FIG. 1 shows the diagram of a system operating according to the method according to the invention
- FIG. 2 shows a block diagram with the representation of the essential energy and material flows of a system operating according to the invention:
- the plant 100 shown in FIG. 1 for the inertization of fly ash is divided below into the essential process steps carried out in it:
- Fly ash 101 delivered with a means of transport 01 is e.g. on conveyor belts or the like transported to the ash receiving bunker 1 and passed via a screw conveyor system, just like additive (I), a silicate-based powder and additive II, an acid component - each delivered by another means of transport 02 - from the corresponding containers 21 and 22 as material flows 101 and l + ll in a continuous mixer 3 and are mixed there to form the granular mixture, which has an approximately dough-like consistency, that is to say the "pulp" 102.
- additive (I) just like additive
- silicate-based powder and additive II silicate-based powder and additive II
- the pulp 102 is fed to the granulator 4, which is connected to a device 9, 11 for separating defective and incorrectly dimensioned granulate particles 106.
- the supply of dry additive (I) flour which is advantageous for the achievable quality of the pellets, is carried out for dusting the surface of the green pellets 103 formed in the granulating device 4 to prevent the pellets from caking and later hardening of their surface layer or skin in the heat.
- Granulating device into a storage chamber 6 and is then further into the drying device 7, e.g. a drum dryer, transferred, where it is exposed to a temperature of up to 150 ° C for drying to a moisture content of less than 2% by weight. Most of the moisture escapes as steam D via a steam discharge 70.
- the drying device e.g. a drum dryer
- Rotary tube furnace 8 preferably subjected to a specific two-stage temperature curve and finally at end temperatures of 870 to 950 ° C in the last temperature stage.
- the fired granulate particles or pellets 105 obtained are transported to a quality control device 90 with a particle size sieving device 9.
- the total duration of the thermal treatment just described is about 2 to 3 hours.
- the intact pellets are stored in a pellet bunker 10.
- Defective, burned granulate particles 106 usually not more than 5% of the total amount of granulate, are fed to a grinder 11, ground there and then conveyed back to the continuous mixer 3 in the finely divided state.
- the letter E in FIG. 1 denotes the gaseous emissions from the various parts of the installation, with W the supply of heat or heat and with S the supply of electrical energy; As already mentioned, D stands for the steam vent.
- FIG. 2 also shows a container 160 for holding defective pellets 106, which are then mixed into the fly ash 101 after grinding.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Fire-Extinguishing Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP02744923A EP1409429A2 (de) | 2001-07-23 | 2002-07-22 | Verfahren zur inertisierung von filter- und flugaschen |
JP2003515472A JP2004535926A (ja) | 2001-07-23 | 2002-07-22 | フィルターアッシュおよびフライアッシュを不活性化する方法 |
AU2002317025A AU2002317025A1 (en) | 2001-07-23 | 2002-07-22 | Method for rendering filter and fly ash inert |
NO20040275A NO20040275L (no) | 2001-07-23 | 2004-01-21 | Fremgangsmate for a gjore filter og flyveaske inert |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT0114301A AT410288B (de) | 2001-07-23 | 2001-07-23 | Verfahren zur dekontamination und inertisierung von filter- und flugaschen |
ATA1143/2001 | 2001-07-23 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2003010108A2 true WO2003010108A2 (de) | 2003-02-06 |
WO2003010108A3 WO2003010108A3 (de) | 2003-04-17 |
Family
ID=3686130
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/AT2002/000217 WO2003010108A2 (de) | 2001-07-23 | 2002-07-22 | Verfahren zur inertisierung von filter- und flugaschen |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1409429A2 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2004535926A (de) |
AT (1) | AT410288B (de) |
AU (1) | AU2002317025A1 (de) |
NO (1) | NO20040275L (de) |
RU (1) | RU2004105152A (de) |
WO (1) | WO2003010108A2 (de) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2005094368A2 (en) | 2004-03-29 | 2005-10-13 | Soteira Inc | Orthopedic surgery access devices |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1918031A1 (de) * | 2006-10-30 | 2008-05-07 | ASH DEC Umwelt AG | Verfahren zur Entgiftung und Verwendung von Flugasche |
IT201900011970A1 (it) * | 2019-08-09 | 2021-02-09 | Gianfranco Gonella | Apparato per l'inertizzazione delle ceneri e polveri pericolose mediante tecnica di sinterizzazione |
Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS5717501A (en) | 1980-05-22 | 1982-01-29 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Headlight for vehicle |
DE3641786A1 (de) | 1986-06-21 | 1987-12-23 | Georg Dipl Chem Dr Phi Fritsch | Verfahren zur entsorgung von flugstaeuben und/oder schlacken aus muellverbrennungsanlagen |
JPS63182241A (ja) | 1987-01-22 | 1988-07-27 | 渡辺 嗣彦 | 塵芥焼却灰を利用した人造石材や砂利等の製造方法 |
DE3713482A1 (de) | 1987-04-22 | 1988-11-10 | Kurt Kretschmann | Verfahren zur umweltschonenden entsorgung von schwermetallhaltigen rueckstaenden aus muellverbrennungsanlagen oder dergleichen |
DE4337789A1 (de) | 1993-11-05 | 1995-05-11 | Klaus Prof Dr Kras | Verfahren zum Aufbereiten von im Wege der Müllverbrennung, insbes. Hausmüllverbrennung, anfallender Asche für die Verwendung im Straßenbau |
US5562587A (en) | 1992-09-14 | 1996-10-08 | Lafarge Aluminates | Treatment method for urban waste incineration residues and products thus obtained |
RU2100303C1 (ru) | 1996-02-20 | 1997-12-27 | Акционерное общество "Новолипецкий металлургический комбинат" | Способ приготовления полимербетонной смеси |
RU2145585C1 (ru) | 1997-02-27 | 2000-02-20 | Красноярская ТЭЦ-2 ОАО "Красноярскэнерго" | Способ изготовления строительного материала |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
SU1381111A1 (ru) * | 1985-08-13 | 1988-03-15 | Минский научно-исследовательский институт строительных материалов | Способ изготовлени теплоизол ционных изделий |
AT388315B (de) * | 1987-06-05 | 1989-06-12 | Simmering Entsorgungsbetriebe | Verfahren und einrichtung zur herstellung wasserunloeslicher granulate, formkoerper od.dgl. |
DE4023881A1 (de) * | 1990-07-27 | 1992-01-30 | Kali Chemie Ag | Herstellung schwermetallhaltiger, auslaugbestaendiger glaeser |
-
2001
- 2001-07-23 AT AT0114301A patent/AT410288B/de not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2002
- 2002-07-22 JP JP2003515472A patent/JP2004535926A/ja active Pending
- 2002-07-22 AU AU2002317025A patent/AU2002317025A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2002-07-22 RU RU2004105152/03A patent/RU2004105152A/ru not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2002-07-22 WO PCT/AT2002/000217 patent/WO2003010108A2/de not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2002-07-22 EP EP02744923A patent/EP1409429A2/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2004
- 2004-01-21 NO NO20040275A patent/NO20040275L/no not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS5717501A (en) | 1980-05-22 | 1982-01-29 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Headlight for vehicle |
DE3641786A1 (de) | 1986-06-21 | 1987-12-23 | Georg Dipl Chem Dr Phi Fritsch | Verfahren zur entsorgung von flugstaeuben und/oder schlacken aus muellverbrennungsanlagen |
JPS63182241A (ja) | 1987-01-22 | 1988-07-27 | 渡辺 嗣彦 | 塵芥焼却灰を利用した人造石材や砂利等の製造方法 |
DE3713482A1 (de) | 1987-04-22 | 1988-11-10 | Kurt Kretschmann | Verfahren zur umweltschonenden entsorgung von schwermetallhaltigen rueckstaenden aus muellverbrennungsanlagen oder dergleichen |
US5562587A (en) | 1992-09-14 | 1996-10-08 | Lafarge Aluminates | Treatment method for urban waste incineration residues and products thus obtained |
DE4337789A1 (de) | 1993-11-05 | 1995-05-11 | Klaus Prof Dr Kras | Verfahren zum Aufbereiten von im Wege der Müllverbrennung, insbes. Hausmüllverbrennung, anfallender Asche für die Verwendung im Straßenbau |
RU2100303C1 (ru) | 1996-02-20 | 1997-12-27 | Акционерное общество "Новолипецкий металлургический комбинат" | Способ приготовления полимербетонной смеси |
RU2145585C1 (ru) | 1997-02-27 | 2000-02-20 | Красноярская ТЭЦ-2 ОАО "Красноярскэнерго" | Способ изготовления строительного материала |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2005094368A2 (en) | 2004-03-29 | 2005-10-13 | Soteira Inc | Orthopedic surgery access devices |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
NO20040275L (no) | 2004-03-22 |
AU2002317025A1 (en) | 2003-02-17 |
ATA11432001A (de) | 2002-08-15 |
JP2004535926A (ja) | 2004-12-02 |
EP1409429A2 (de) | 2004-04-21 |
RU2004105152A (ru) | 2005-07-10 |
AT410288B (de) | 2003-03-25 |
WO2003010108A3 (de) | 2003-04-17 |
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