WO2002090292A2 - Procede d'obtention d'un produit fini a partir d'une charge, d'un oxyde ou hydroxyde de metal alcalino-terreux, et d'une resine thermodurcissable - Google Patents

Procede d'obtention d'un produit fini a partir d'une charge, d'un oxyde ou hydroxyde de metal alcalino-terreux, et d'une resine thermodurcissable Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2002090292A2
WO2002090292A2 PCT/IB2002/001566 IB0201566W WO02090292A2 WO 2002090292 A2 WO2002090292 A2 WO 2002090292A2 IB 0201566 W IB0201566 W IB 0201566W WO 02090292 A2 WO02090292 A2 WO 02090292A2
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
carbon dioxide
binder
particles
group
product
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2002/001566
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
WO2002090292A3 (fr
Inventor
Michael Windsor Symons
Johannes Gerhardus Visser Lessing
Original Assignee
Balmoral Technologies (Proprietary) Limited
Windsor Technologies Limited
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Balmoral Technologies (Proprietary) Limited, Windsor Technologies Limited filed Critical Balmoral Technologies (Proprietary) Limited
Publication of WO2002090292A2 publication Critical patent/WO2002090292A2/fr
Publication of WO2002090292A3 publication Critical patent/WO2002090292A3/fr

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
    • C04B40/06—Inhibiting the setting, e.g. mortars of the deferred action type containing water in breakable containers ; Inhibiting the action of active ingredients
    • C04B40/0608—Dry ready-made mixtures, e.g. mortars at which only water or a water solution has to be added before use
    • C04B40/0616—Dry ready-made mixtures, e.g. mortars at which only water or a water solution has to be added before use preformed, e.g. bandages
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
    • C04B28/04—Portland cements
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/18—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing mixtures of the silica-lime type
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete

Definitions

  • THIS invention relates to a method of making a finished product such as a board, from a feedstock which is a suitable particulate or fibrous material, a binder, and a thermosetting resin.
  • particle board manufactured from particles of a suitable feedstock, e.g lignocellulosic particles or fibres, bound together with either a hydraulic binder or a thermosetting resin or a combination thereof.
  • a suitable feedstock e.g lignocellulosic particles or fibres
  • Lime (calcium oxide) has potential as a binder in building products provided its cure speed can be accelerated and its properties improved.
  • a method of making a finished product including the steps of:
  • a dry feedstock selected from the group consisting of particles or fibres of a lignocellulosic material; particles of an expanded mineral; particles of a foamed set hydraulic binder; particles of an undensified silica fume; or a mixture of two or more thereof;
  • thermosetting resin in finely divided dry powder form
  • first binding agent selected from the group consisting of an alkaline earth metal oxide or hydroxide or a mixture of two or more thereof, in finely divided dry powder form
  • second binding agent selected from the group consisting of:
  • a pozzolan selected from the group consisting of densified silica fume; ground granulated blast furnace slag; fly ash; and a mixture of two or more thereof;
  • silica (4) silica; (5) an alkali metal silicate;
  • aluminium oxide or hydroxide aluminium oxide or hydroxide; and a mixture of the two or more thereof, in finely divided dry powder form; to give a starting material
  • step (c) subjecting the starting material of step (b) to suitable conditions of temperature and pressure to cause the thermosetting resin to set to form a cohesive product;
  • step (d) providing to the cohesive product of step (c) water in an amount sufficient to permit the reaction of the first binding agent with the second binding agent to give a binder;
  • step (d) simultaneously or sequentially with the provision of water, but before the binder has set, there may also be introduced into the cohesive product of step (c) carbon dioxide to assist in the setting of the binder.
  • the crux of the invention is a method of making a finished product from a feedstock, a binder formed from first and second binding agents, and a thermosetting resin.
  • the feedstock may be particles or fibres of a lignocellulosic material.
  • a lignocellulosic material refers to any plant material emanating from the photosynthetic phenomenon.
  • the particles or fibres of the lignocellulosic material are preferably finely divided.
  • the fibres may be provided as unifibres or bundles of a small number of unifibres.
  • the lignocellulosic material is broken down into single fibres or bundles of a small number of fibres.
  • suitable finely divided lignocellulosic fibres are paper mill sludge or recycled paper waste, or the fibres used in the production of medium density or high density fibre board.
  • the fibres may be sourced from agriculture such as sisal, kenaf, hemp or the like, with a length of from 5 to 12 mm inclusive, preferably from 2 to 6 mm inclusive.
  • the particles preferably have a size of from 0.1 mm to 2 mm diameter inclusive.
  • lignocellulosic material should not swell on water wetting, i.e during impregnation of the cohesive product with the water.
  • the feedstock may also be particles of an expanded mineral such as exfoliated vermiculite, expanded periite, an expanded clay, an alumina, a pumice or diatomaceous earth.
  • an expanded mineral such as exfoliated vermiculite, expanded periite, an expanded clay, an alumina, a pumice or diatomaceous earth.
  • the vermiculite particles preferably have a particle size of 2 mm diameter or smaller, down to a particle size of 100 micron diameter.
  • the expanded periite particles preferably have a particle size of 2 mm diameter or smaller, down to a particle size of 100 micron diameter.
  • the other expanded minerals which may be used must also have a particle size of 2 mm diameter or smaller, down to a particle size of 100 micron diameter.
  • the feedstock may also be particles of a foamed set hydraulic binder, e.g a foamed hydraulic cement aggregate which is then milled or ground into particles having a size of 2 mm diameter or smaller, down to a particle size of 100 micron diameter.
  • the feedstock may also be particles of an undensified silica fume, having a particle size of from 5000 m 2 /kg to 20000 m 2 /kg.
  • the feedstock may also be a mixture of two or more of the various feedstocks mentioned above.
  • the preferred feedstocks are lignocellulosic particles or fibres, exfoliated vermiculite particles, expanded periite particles, particles of undensified silica fume, or a mixture of two or all three thereof.
  • the feedstock is mixed firstly with a suitable amount of a thermosetting resin in finely divided dry powder form.
  • thermosetting resin is preferably a novolac phenol formaldehyde resin, i.e a resin in which the molar ratio of phenol to formaldehyde exceeds parity, which is used with a suitable catalyst.
  • An example of a suitable catalyst for use with a novolac phenol formaldehyde resin is hexamethylene tetramine.
  • An example of a suitable novolac phenol formaldehyde resin catalyst combination is a two stage resin with a hexamethylene tetramine content of between 6 and 14%, with a hot plate gel time at 150°C of between 40 and 120 seconds, with a flow in mm at 125°C of between 30 and 75 mm, and with a particle size sieve analysis percentage retained on a 200 mesh screen of a maximum of 2%.
  • Examples are the PRP Resins of South Africa, code Varcum 7608 which may be used as a modifier for a slow curing phenolic system such as Varcum 3337, or which may be used on its own.
  • thermosetting resin must be provided in finely divided dry powder form. By finely divided there is meant that the thermosetting resin must have a particle size of 98% passing a 200 mesh screen.
  • the feedstock is also mixed with a suitable amount of a first binding agent.
  • the first binding agent is an alkaline earth metal oxide or hydroxide such as calcium oxide or magnesium oxide or hydroxide, or a mixture thereof.
  • Preferred materials are lime (CaO) and magnesia (MgO).
  • the first binding agent must also be provided in finely divided dry powder form. By finely divided there is meant that the first binding agent must have a particle size of from 300 to 1000 m 2 /kg inclusive.
  • the feedstock is also mixed with a suitable amount of a second binding agent.
  • the second binding agent is selected from the following.
  • a pozzolan selected from:
  • a high silicon containing lignocellulosic material i.e a lignocellulosic material containing an above average silicon content such as particles of hurds of hemp.
  • lignocellulosic material i.e a lignocellulosic material containing an above average silicon content such as particles of hurds of hemp.
  • These are the wood-like cores of the stem of the hemp plant Cannabis Sativa.
  • Another example is defibrated rice straw.
  • silica flour 4 - Silica (silicon dioxide) in finely divided form, also called silica flour.
  • alkali metal silicate such as sodium or potassium silicate.
  • An example is SP33 by Sand Cl with a weight ratio S 1 0 2 :Na 2 0 of 3.3 to 1.0.
  • the second binding agent may also be a mixture of two or more of the above.
  • the particle size of the second binding agent must be such that 98% of the particles pass a 300 mesh screen, preferably a 200 mesh screen, more preferably a 150 mesh screen.
  • the first and second binding agents react, in the presence of water, with each other and optionally also other components present to form a binder.
  • the various components of the starting material may be used in the following mass percentages to give 100% of the starting material:
  • First binding agent 10% to 65%, preferably 30% to 50%
  • Second binding agent 10% to 65%, preferably 30% to 50%.
  • the product of step (c) is cohesive, i.e is held or stuck together, there is no need to press or clamp the cohesive product to hold it together during step (d).
  • thermosetting resin there may also be added into the mixture of the feedstock, the thermosetting resin and the first and second binding agents additional components including inorganic filler materials in particle or fibre form, such as for example wollastonite, 200 mesh or finer, and synthetic fibres, or mixtures thereof.
  • inorganic filler materials such as for example wollastonite, 200 mesh or finer, and synthetic fibres, or mixtures thereof.
  • step (b) in which the feedstock is mixed with the thermosetting resin and the first and second binding agents, the starting material so produced is subjected to suitable conditions of temperature and pressure to cause the thermosetting resin to set to form a cohesive product.
  • the starting material may be pressed at a temperature of up to 200°C preferably in a range of from 120° to 200°C and a pressure of from 20 to 70kg/m 2 inclusive, preferably 20 to 30kg/m 2 inclusive, for a time of up to 15 seconds/mm thickness, or usually about 8 seconds/mm thickness, to form the cohesive product.
  • thermosetting resin sets to form the cohesive product, while the first and second binding agents remain unreacted.
  • step (d) of the method of the invention there is provided to the cohesive product of step (c), water in an amount sufficient to permit the reaction of the first and second binding agents to give a binder.
  • Water permits dissolution of the first binding agent, i.e calcium oxide or magnesium oxide or hydroxide, so that it can react with the second binding agent, to form, for example, calcium and/or magnesium silicate hydrates, or calcium or magnesium aluminates.
  • step (d) simultaneously or sequentially with the provision of water, but before the binder has set, there may also be introduced into the cohesive product of step (c) carbon dioxide to assist in the setting of the binder.
  • a carbonation reagent selected from the group consisting of carbon dioxide; and an aqueous solution of a compound or compounds which release carbon dioxide; under conditions that cause release of carbon dioxide in the cohesive product.
  • any calcium hydroxide in the binder reacts with the carbon dioxide to form a carbonate plus free water. This water then can be used for the complete hydration of the binder. Thus in these circumstances, it may not be necessary to add additional water.
  • water may be added as such, or may form a solvent or diluent for the carbonation reagent.
  • the carbonation reagent may be carbon dioxide, e.g gaseous carbon dioxide, liquid carbon dioxide, super critical or near super critical carbon dioxide, or a solution of carbon dioxide in a solvent.
  • the carbonation reagent may also be a compound which releases carbon dioxide, in solution.
  • the carbonation reagent may also be a combination in solution of compounds which together, under suitable conditions, release carbon dioxide.
  • the carbonation reagent may be a carbonate or bicarbonate, in solution, such as for example carbonic acid or sodium bicarbonate.
  • the carbonation agent may be for example a potassium carbonate of formula K 2 C0 3 .2H 2 0 or sodium carbonate or sal soda of formula Na 2 CO 3 .10H 2 O.
  • Step (d) is carried out under conditions that cause release of carbon dioxide from the carbonation reagent in the cohesive product.
  • the carbonation reagent is for example a compound which releases carbon dioxide at a particular temperature
  • the cohesive product must be raised to this temperature or higher in step (d).
  • sal soda releases carbon dioxide at a temperature of about 35°C, and thus, when using sal soda as the carbonation reagent, the cohesive product should be raised to a temperature of 35°C or higher in step (d).
  • step (b) there may be added to the starting material in step (b) a carbonation reagent which is a dry compound or dry compounds which release carbon dioxide under specified conditions. This compound or these compounds thus form part of the cohesive product of step (c).
  • a carbonation reagent which is a dry compound or dry compounds which release carbon dioxide under specified conditions. This compound or these compounds thus form part of the cohesive product of step (c).
  • step (d) the cohesive product of step (c) is then subjected to the specified conditions to cause the release of carbon dioxide in the cohesive product.
  • the compound may be sodium carbonate or potassium carbonate, in which case the addition of water in step (d), optionally together with the application of heat, leads to release of carbon dioxide.
  • the compounds may be an acid/base couple, in which case the addition of water in step (d) leads to release of carbon dioxide.
  • the introduction of carbon dioxide assists in the setting of the binder. It may accelerate the setting of the binder and/or may control the microstructure of the binder in the finished product.
  • the carbon dioxide propagates the rapid formation of hydration products such as calcium silicate hydrate and calcium carbonate, in a time span of from between 10 and 60 minutes, at ambient temperatures.
  • carbon dioxide is particularly efficacious where the feedstock contains components which may interfere with the curing of the binder.
  • the feedstock contains a lignocellulosic material
  • the water soluble extracts of the lignocellulosic material may inhibit the setting of the binder.
  • the inclusion of carbon dioxide serves to lessen or overcome this problem.
  • the preferred carbonation reagents are either gaseous carbon dioxide or super critical carbon dioxide.
  • the carbonation reagent is super critical carbon dioxide, it may be forced into the cohesive product at elevated pressures of up to 100 atmospheres.
  • the carbonation reagent is gaseous carbon dioxide, it may be forced into cohesive product at elevated pressures of preferably no less than 30 atmospheres.
  • the cohesive product from step (c) may be placed in a pressure cylinder and subjected to a vacuum for up to 15 minutes. Thereafter, the cylinder is flooded with water which is then subjected to a positive pressure of typically 6 atmospheres for a further 15 minutes, resulting in water impregnation right through the cohesive product. The cylinder is then drained of water and the cohesive product is subjected to a post vacuum in order to extract from the cohesive product all excess water which "boils" from the cohesive product, as well as to extract any interstitial air. The excess water is drained from the cylinder and compressed carbon dioxide is introduced into the cylinder which penetrates through the cohesive product. The compressed gas feedline may be left open for a period of 30 to 60 minutes in order to allow the various reactions to go to completion. The product is then withdrawn from the cylinder and allowed to dry to provide the finished product in which the Portland cement has substantially set.
  • Additional hydrophobisation of the finished product may be imposed by including in the water of hydration, a silicone micro emulsion concentrate, dispersed in water at a level of from 0,2 to 8% inclusive by mass, more generally at a level of from 1% to 3% inclusive by mass, thereby forming silicone mesophases.
  • suitable silicone micro emulsions are Wacker BS1306, Wacker BS1000 and Wacker 1311.
  • Dicalite 471 (Chemserve periite) 15% RSU.
  • Exfoliated vermiculite (Chemserve vermiculite) 20%
  • the above composition was mixed and then pressed at 180°C to 12 mm thickness and a density of 900 kg/m 3 for 2 minutes, to form a cohesive product.
  • This product was subsequently impregnated with water to a 20% uptake by mass. After a 12 hour humidity drying time, the product was impregnated with super critical carbon dioxide at 70 atm pressure for 8 minutes at 25°C, to give the finished product
  • the above composition was mixed and then pressed at 160°C to a dry density of 1050 kg/m 3 at a thickness of 12 mm to form a cohesive product.
  • This cohesive product was subsequently impregnated in a pressure cylinder with water.
  • the resulting product was then left for 30 days in a cure chamber and then dried to a water percentage of 2% to give a building board with superior properties.

Abstract

L'invention porte sur un procédé d'obtention d'un produit fini comportant les étapes suivantes: disposer d'une charge sèche choisie parmi des particules ou fibres d'un matériau lignocellulosique; des particules d'un minéral expansé; des particules d'un liant hydraulique expansé; des particules de fumée de silice non densifiées, ou un mélange de deux ou plusieurs d'entre elles; (b) mélange de la charge avec (i) une quantité adéquate d'une résine thermodurcissable sous forme de poudre sèche finement broyée, (ii) une quantité adéquate d'un premier liant choisi parmi un oxyde ou hydroxyde de métal alcalino-terreux ou un mélange de deux ou plusieurs d'entre eux sous forme de poudre sèche finement broyée, (iii) un deuxième liant tel que de la pouzzolane sous forme de poudre sèche finement broyée pour constituer le matériau de départ; (c) soumettre ledit matériau de départ à des conditions adéquates de température et de pression pour provoquer le durcissement de la résine thermodurcissable de manière à former un produit cohésif; (d) ajouter de l'eau audit produit cohésif en quantité suffisante pour amener le premier liant et le deuxième à réagir pour former un nouveau liant; et (e) faire durcir ce dernier liant pour former le produit fini, qui peut par exemple consister en un panneau.
PCT/IB2002/001566 2001-05-09 2002-05-09 Procede d'obtention d'un produit fini a partir d'une charge, d'un oxyde ou hydroxyde de metal alcalino-terreux, et d'une resine thermodurcissable WO2002090292A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ZA2001/3749 2001-05-09
ZA200103749 2001-05-09

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2002090292A2 true WO2002090292A2 (fr) 2002-11-14
WO2002090292A3 WO2002090292A3 (fr) 2003-01-03

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PCT/IB2002/001566 WO2002090292A2 (fr) 2001-05-09 2002-05-09 Procede d'obtention d'un produit fini a partir d'une charge, d'un oxyde ou hydroxyde de metal alcalino-terreux, et d'une resine thermodurcissable
PCT/IB2002/001567 WO2002090293A2 (fr) 2001-05-09 2002-05-09 Procede de fabrication d'un produit fini a partir d'une charge fraiche, d'un ciment portland, et d'une resine thermodurcissable

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PCT/IB2002/001567 WO2002090293A2 (fr) 2001-05-09 2002-05-09 Procede de fabrication d'un produit fini a partir d'une charge fraiche, d'un ciment portland, et d'une resine thermodurcissable

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AU (1) AU2002258039A1 (fr)
WO (2) WO2002090292A2 (fr)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2005039508A1 (fr) * 2003-10-29 2005-05-06 Doxa Ab Systeme en deux etapes permettant d'ameliorer les caracteristiques initiales et finales d'un biomateriau
WO2008144419A1 (fr) * 2007-05-15 2008-11-27 Serious Materials, Llc Panneaux muraux dont la réalisation nécessite peu d'énergie et procédés de fabrication de ceux-ci
US7727330B2 (en) * 2006-02-24 2010-06-01 Cemex Research Group Ag Universal hydraulic binder based on fly ash type F
US7914914B2 (en) 2007-06-30 2011-03-29 Serious Materials, Inc. Low embodied energy sheathing panels with optimal water vapor permeance and methods of making same
US8337993B2 (en) 2007-11-16 2012-12-25 Serious Energy, Inc. Low embodied energy wallboards and methods of making same
CN102912705A (zh) * 2012-11-08 2013-02-06 沈阳建筑大学 纤维沥青混凝土预防道路交叉路口路面

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2437280A (en) * 2006-04-21 2007-10-24 Peter Hammond Concrete incorporating organic liquids or solids treated with super critical carbon dioxide

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EP0585998A1 (fr) * 1992-08-10 1994-03-09 ITALCEMENTI S.p.A. Matériau cimenteux à propriétés améliorées et procédure pour sa préparation
US5358676A (en) * 1990-05-18 1994-10-25 E. Khashoggi Industries Methods of manufacture and use for hydraulically bonded cement
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WO2001058824A1 (fr) * 2000-02-10 2001-08-16 Balmoral Technologies (Proprietary) Limited Procede de preparation d'un produit cohesif a partir d'une charge d'alimentation de faible densite

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JP2000015719A (ja) * 1998-07-02 2000-01-18 Aica Kogyo Co Ltd 複合ボードの製法
WO2002047900A1 (fr) * 2000-12-15 2002-06-20 Balmoral Technologies (Pty) Limited Procede de fabrication d'un panneau de construction ignifuge

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US4202851A (en) * 1976-06-18 1980-05-13 Kroyer K K K Method of preparing a sheet-formed product
US5358676A (en) * 1990-05-18 1994-10-25 E. Khashoggi Industries Methods of manufacture and use for hydraulically bonded cement
US5637412A (en) * 1990-05-18 1997-06-10 E. Khashoggi Industries Compressed hydraulically bonded composite articles
EP0585998A1 (fr) * 1992-08-10 1994-03-09 ITALCEMENTI S.p.A. Matériau cimenteux à propriétés améliorées et procédure pour sa préparation
WO1998037032A1 (fr) * 1997-02-18 1998-08-27 Windsor Technologies Limited Procede de traitement d'une matiere lignocellulosique ou d'un mineral expanse pour former un produit fini
WO2001058824A1 (fr) * 2000-02-10 2001-08-16 Balmoral Technologies (Proprietary) Limited Procede de preparation d'un produit cohesif a partir d'une charge d'alimentation de faible densite

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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2005039508A1 (fr) * 2003-10-29 2005-05-06 Doxa Ab Systeme en deux etapes permettant d'ameliorer les caracteristiques initiales et finales d'un biomateriau
US7727330B2 (en) * 2006-02-24 2010-06-01 Cemex Research Group Ag Universal hydraulic binder based on fly ash type F
WO2008144419A1 (fr) * 2007-05-15 2008-11-27 Serious Materials, Llc Panneaux muraux dont la réalisation nécessite peu d'énergie et procédés de fabrication de ceux-ci
US7914914B2 (en) 2007-06-30 2011-03-29 Serious Materials, Inc. Low embodied energy sheathing panels with optimal water vapor permeance and methods of making same
US8337993B2 (en) 2007-11-16 2012-12-25 Serious Energy, Inc. Low embodied energy wallboards and methods of making same
US8916277B2 (en) 2007-11-16 2014-12-23 Serious Energy, Inc. Low embodied energy wallboards and methods of making same
CN102912705A (zh) * 2012-11-08 2013-02-06 沈阳建筑大学 纤维沥青混凝土预防道路交叉路口路面

Also Published As

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WO2002090292A3 (fr) 2003-01-03
AU2002258039A8 (en) 2008-01-10
WO2002090293A3 (fr) 2007-11-08
AU2002258039A1 (en) 2002-11-18
WO2002090293A2 (fr) 2002-11-14

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