WO2002079352A1 - Verfahren zur reduktion von schadstoffemissionen für fossile kraftstoffe - Google Patents
Verfahren zur reduktion von schadstoffemissionen für fossile kraftstoffe Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2002079352A1 WO2002079352A1 PCT/EP2002/003531 EP0203531W WO02079352A1 WO 2002079352 A1 WO2002079352 A1 WO 2002079352A1 EP 0203531 W EP0203531 W EP 0203531W WO 02079352 A1 WO02079352 A1 WO 02079352A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- glyoxal
- ketone
- fuel
- alcohol
- mixture
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
- C10L10/02—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes for reducing smoke development
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/02—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only
- C10L1/026—Liquid carbonaceous fuels essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only for compression ignition
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/12—Inorganic compounds
- C10L1/1233—Inorganic compounds oxygen containing compounds, e.g. oxides, hydroxides, acids and salts thereof
- C10L1/125—Inorganic compounds oxygen containing compounds, e.g. oxides, hydroxides, acids and salts thereof water
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/16—Hydrocarbons
- C10L1/1625—Hydrocarbons macromolecular compounds
- C10L1/1633—Hydrocarbons macromolecular compounds homo- or copolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to carbon unsaturated bonds
- C10L1/1641—Hydrocarbons macromolecular compounds homo- or copolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to carbon unsaturated bonds from compounds containing aliphatic monomers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C10L1/182—Organic compounds containing oxygen containing hydroxy groups; Salts thereof
- C10L1/1822—Organic compounds containing oxygen containing hydroxy groups; Salts thereof hydroxy group directly attached to (cyclo)aliphatic carbon atoms
- C10L1/1824—Organic compounds containing oxygen containing hydroxy groups; Salts thereof hydroxy group directly attached to (cyclo)aliphatic carbon atoms mono-hydroxy
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C10L1/185—Ethers; Acetals; Ketals; Aldehydes; Ketones
- C10L1/1852—Ethers; Acetals; Ketals; Orthoesters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C10L1/185—Ethers; Acetals; Ketals; Aldehydes; Ketones
- C10L1/1857—Aldehydes; Ketones
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C10L1/19—Esters ester radical containing compounds; ester ethers; carbonic acid esters
- C10L1/191—Esters ester radical containing compounds; ester ethers; carbonic acid esters of di- or polyhydroxyalcohols
Definitions
- DE19920270A1 discloses an additive for reducing pollutant emissions in fossil fuels (hereinafter also referred to as mineral oil fuels, in contrast to biofuels made from vegetable or animal raw materials), the essential component of which consists of glyoxal in aqueous solution.
- mineral oil fuels in contrast to biofuels made from vegetable or animal raw materials
- the tendency towards phase separation of the glyoxal in aqueous solution from the hydrocarbons is solved there by using emulsifiers and solubilizers, including esterified alifates and polyethylene glycol, or by the acetal formation of the glyoxal, as a result of which the solution in hydrocarbons is properly guaranteed.
- emulsifiers and solubilizers including esterified alifates and polyethylene glycol
- the aqueous glyoxal is first mixed with 0.5 to 5 times, preferably 2 to 3 times the amount of a ketone with 3 to 9 carbon atoms, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isopropyl ketone and di-isopropyl ketone being preferred. After shaking briefly, a water-clear solution is formed without any phase separation.
- glyoxal solution is usually supplied by the chemical industry as a 40% aqueous solution.
- it can be of considerable advantage to add pure water to the glyoxal solution since a water-diesel emulsion in the combustion chamber is obviously better atomized by the injection nozzle, which makes combustion more homogeneous and therefore a reduction in pollutant emissions has also been reported. It is therefore of particular advantage to dilute the glyoxal solution and add up to 80% water in up to 15% by volume to the diesel fuel.
- the emulsifier and stabilizer from the group sorbitan monooleate, fatty alcohol ethoxylate and polyisobutene or mixtures thereof are preferably mixed in an amount of 0.1 to 2% of the H 2 0, the sorbitan monooleate should preferably make up two thirds of the emulsifier.
- a long-term stable water / fuel emulsion is formed if a water / ketone mixture in a ratio of 1: 2.5 or higher was used.
- a third by volume of acetone with the corresponding parts by volume is sufficient alcohols described above to make the gradual decomposition of acetals risk-free.
- the additive mixture described can be added up to 10% by volume to the respective fuel, be it gasoline as a gasoline or diesel oil.
- the use of such an additive mixture with a volume fraction of 1: 1000 to 1: 100 is particularly advantageous.
- reductions in carbon monoxide unburned hydrocarbons and lowering of NOx are observed, as previously described in PCT / EP 99/06949, while controls with diesel engines were carried out by independent test institutes (Automotive Testing and Development Services Inc., Ontario, California 91761) however, significantly higher significant reductions in soot contents up to 54% were found with a mixture ratio of fuel to additive 500: 1.
- THC unburned hydrocarbons
- NOx nitrogen oxides
- the process has the advantage over the previously described process that it is much cheaper to produce because of its simple miscibility, the risk minimization due to the ability to absorb water in the case of acetal decomposition, and the advantage of better energy utilization through the use of high-energy substances such as acetone and the alcohols described, while at the same time Avoidance of relatively unreactive substances such as the emulsifiers and solubilizers already described.
- the use of acetone and isopropyl alcohol is also cheaper due to their evaporation pressure in gasoline.
- aqueous glyoxal solution in the Fuel is finely dispersed, although the fuel-additive mixture is macroscopically completely clear and shows no milky opalescent shimmer.
- the aqueous glyoxal solution must have a biocidal effect due to its aldehyde properties, for example in large-volume diesel tanks, for example in order to inhibit growth by the so-called diesel algae.
- the process also has the advantage that only large-scale industrial products are used.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP02727501A EP1409615A1 (de) | 2001-03-30 | 2002-03-28 | Verfahren zur reduktion von schadstoffemissionen für fossile kraftstoffe |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10116115.8 | 2001-03-30 | ||
DE10116115A DE10116115A1 (de) | 2001-03-30 | 2001-03-30 | Verfahren zur Reduktion der Schadstoffemission bei Verbrennungskraftmaschinen |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2002079352A1 true WO2002079352A1 (de) | 2002-10-10 |
Family
ID=7679909
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2002/003531 WO2002079352A1 (de) | 2001-03-30 | 2002-03-28 | Verfahren zur reduktion von schadstoffemissionen für fossile kraftstoffe |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1409615A1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE10116115A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2002079352A1 (de) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2157157A1 (de) * | 2008-08-19 | 2010-02-24 | Thorsten Kief | Verfahren zur Reduzierung der Schadstoffemission |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0030429A2 (de) * | 1979-12-11 | 1981-06-17 | Aeci Limited | Brennstoffe und Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Motors mit diesen Brennstoffen |
WO1997005217A1 (de) * | 1995-07-27 | 1997-02-13 | Horst Kief | Verfahren zur herstellung eines homogenkatalysators für kraftstoffe |
WO2000017290A1 (en) * | 1998-09-22 | 2000-03-30 | Horst Kief | Glyoxal as fuel additive |
-
2001
- 2001-03-30 DE DE10116115A patent/DE10116115A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2002
- 2002-03-28 WO PCT/EP2002/003531 patent/WO2002079352A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2002-03-28 EP EP02727501A patent/EP1409615A1/de not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0030429A2 (de) * | 1979-12-11 | 1981-06-17 | Aeci Limited | Brennstoffe und Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Motors mit diesen Brennstoffen |
WO1997005217A1 (de) * | 1995-07-27 | 1997-02-13 | Horst Kief | Verfahren zur herstellung eines homogenkatalysators für kraftstoffe |
WO2000017290A1 (en) * | 1998-09-22 | 2000-03-30 | Horst Kief | Glyoxal as fuel additive |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2157157A1 (de) * | 2008-08-19 | 2010-02-24 | Thorsten Kief | Verfahren zur Reduzierung der Schadstoffemission |
WO2010020395A1 (de) * | 2008-08-19 | 2010-02-25 | Thorsten Kief | Verfahren zu reduzierung der schadstoffemission |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE10116115A1 (de) | 2002-10-10 |
EP1409615A1 (de) | 2004-04-21 |
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